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511. The assembly consists of two sections of galvanized

steel pipe connected together using a reducing coupling
C
at B. The smaller pipe has an outer diameter of 0.75 in. and
an inner diameter of 0.68 in., whereas the larger pipe has an
outer diameter of 1 in. and an inner diameter of 0.86 in. If
the pipe is tightly secured to the wall at C, determine the B
maximum shear stress developed in each section of the pipe
when the couple shown is applied to the handles of
the wrench. A

15 lb 6 in.
8 in.

15 lb

Tc 210(0.375)
tAB = = p = 7.82 ksi Ans.
J 2 (0.3754 - 0.344)

Tc 210(0.5)
tBC = = p = 2.36 ksi Ans.
J 2 (0.54 - 0.434)

Ans:
tAB = 7.82 ksi, tBC = 2.36 ksi

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513. If the tubular shaft is made from material having an A

allowable shear stress of tallow = 85 MPa, determine the
required minimum wall thickness of the shaft to the nearest B
E
millimeter. The shaft has an outer diameter of 150 mm.
15 kNm C

30 kNm F D

75 kNm

30 kNm

Internal Loadings: The internal torques developed in segments AB, BC, and CD
of the assembly are shown in their respective free-body diagrams shown in
Figs. a, b, and c.

Allowable Shear Stress: Segment BC is critical since it is subjected to the greatest

p
internal torque. The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.0754 - ci4) .
2

TBC c 45(103)(0.075)
tallow = ; 85(106) =
J p
(0.0754 - ci4)
2

ci = 0.05022 m = 50.22 mm

Thus, the minimum wall thickness is

t = co - ci = 75 - 50.22 = 24.78 mm = 25 mm Ans.

Ans:
Use t = 25 mm

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531. The solid steel shaft AC has a diameter of 25 mm 2 kW 3 kW

and is supported by smooth bearings at D and E. It is 25 mm
1 kW
coupled to a motor at C, which delivers 3 kW of power to
the shaft while it is turning at 50 rev>s. If gears A and B
remove 1 kW and 2 kW, respectively, determine the
A
maximum shear stress developed in the shaft within regions D E
B C
AB and BC. The shaft is free to turn in its support bearings
D and E.

P 3(103)
TC = = = 9.549 N # m
v 50(2p)

1
TA = T = 3.183 N # m
3 C

TC 3.183 (0.0125)
(tAB)max = = p 4
= 1.04 MPa Ans.
J 2 (0.0125 )

TC 9.549 (0.0125)
(tBC)max = = p 4
= 3.11 MPa Ans.
J 2 (0.0125 )

Ans:
(tAB)max = 1.04 MPa, (tBC)max = 3.11 MPa

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538. The motor A develops a power of 300 W and turns

its connected pulley at 90 rev> min. Determine the required 60 mm
A
diameters of the steel shafts on the pulleys at A and B if the
allowable shear stress is tallow = 85 MPa. 90 rev/min B

150 mm

Internal Torque: For shafts A and B

a b
rev 2p rad 1 min
vA = 90 = 3.00p rad>s
min rev 60 s

P = 300 W = 300 N # m>s

P 300
TA = = = 31.83 N # m
vA 3.00p

vB = vA a b = 3.00p a b = 1.20p rad>s

rA 0.06
rB 0.15

P = 300 W = 300 N # m>s

P 300
TB = = = 79.58 N # m
vB 1.20p

Allowable Shear Stress: For shaft A

TA c
tmax = tallow =
J

31.83 A d2A B
85 A 106 B =
A B
p dA 4
2 2

dA = 0.01240 m = 12.4 mm Ans.

For shaft B

TB c
tmax = tallow =
J

79.58 A d2B B
85 A 106 B =
A B
p dB 4
2 2
dB = 0.01683 m = 16.8 mm Ans.

Ans:
dA = 12.4 mm, dB = 16.8 mm

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546. A motor delivers 500 hp to the shaft, which is

tubular and has an outer diameter of 2 in. If it is rotating at A B
200 rad>s, determine its largest inner diameter to the
nearest 18 in. if the allowable shear stress for the material is
tallow = 25 ksi. 6 in.

550 ft # lb>s
P = 500 hp c d = 275000 ft # lb>s
1 hp

P 275000
T = = = 1375 lb # ft
v 200

Tc
tmax = tallow =
J

1375(12)(1)
25(103) = p 4
2 [1 - (d21)4]

di = 1.745 in.

5
Use di = 1 in.
8 Ans.

Ans:
5
Use di = 1 in.
8

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549. The A-36 steel axle is made from tubes AB and CD

and a solid section BC. It is supported on smooth bearings 400 mm D
that allow it to rotate freely. If the gears, fixed to its ends, are 85 Nm
subjected to 85-N # m torques, determine the angle of twist 250 mm
of gear A relative to gear D. The tubes have an outer
diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm. The 400 mm C
solid section has a diameter of 40 mm.
B
A

85 Nm

TL
fA>D =
JG

2(85)(0.4) (85)(0.25)
= p 4 4 9
+ p
2 (0.015 - 0.01 )(75)(10 ) 2 (0.024)(75)(109)

= 0.01534 rad = 0.879 Ans.

Ans:
fA>D = 0.879

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562. The two shafts are made of A992 steel. Each has
a diameter of 1 in., and they are supported by bearings at 10 in.
A, B, and C, which allow free rotation. If the support at D is D
fixed, determine the angle of twist of end A when the
torques are applied to the assembly as shown.
30 in.
80 lbft C

A 40 lbft

8 in.

10 in. 6 in.
B
4 in.
12 in.
Internal Torque: As shown on FBD.

Angle of Twist:

TL
fE = a
JG

1
= p
[-60.0(12)(30) + 20.0(12)(10)]
2 (0.5 )(11.0)(106)
4

= -0.01778 rad = 0.01778 rad

6 6
fF = f = (0.01778) = 0.02667 rad
4 E 4

TGF LGF
fA>F =
JG

-40(12)(10)
= p
2 (0.54)(11.0)(106)

= -0.004445 rad = 0.004445 rad

fA = fF + fA>F

= 0.02667 + 0.004445

= 0.03111 rad = 1.78 Ans.

Ans:
fA = 1.78

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566. The A-36 hollow steel shaft is 2 m long and has an E G

outer diameter of 40 mm. When it is rotating at 80 rad>s, it
transmits 32 kW of power from the engine E to the
generator G. Determine the smallest thickness of the shaft
if the allowable shear stress is tallow = 140 MPa and the
shaft is restricted not to twist more than 0.05 rad.

P = Tv

32(103) = T(80)

T = 400 N # m

Shear stress failure

Tc
t =
J
400(0.02)
tallow = 140(106) = p 4
2 (0.02 - ri 4)

ri = 0.01875 m

Angle of twist limitation:

TL
f =
JG
400(2)
0.05 = p 4
2 (0.02 - ri 4)(75)(109)

ri = 0.01247 m (controls)

t = ro - ri = 0.02 - 0.01247

= 0.00753 m

= 7.53 mm Ans.

Ans:
t = 7.53 mm

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579. The steel shaft is made from two segments: AC has A

0.5 in.
a diameter of 0.5 in., and CB has a diameter of 1 in. If the
shaft is fixed at its ends A and B and subjected to a torque C
of 500 lb # ft, determine the maximum shear stress in the 5 in. D 500 lbft
shaft. Gst = 10.8(103) ksi .
8 in. 1 in.
B
12 in.

Equilibrium:
TA + TB - 500 = 0 (1)

Compatibility condition:
fD>A = fD>B

TA(5) TA(8) TB(12)

p 4
+ p 4
= p 4
2 (0.25 )G 2 (0.5 )G 2 (0.5 )G

1408 TA = 192 TB (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields

TA = 60 lb # ft TB = 440 lb # ft

Tc 60(12)(0.25)
tAC = = p 4
= 29.3 ksi (max) Ans.
J 2 (0.25 )

Tc 440(12)(0.5)
tDB = = p 4
= 26.9 ksi
J 2 (0.5 )

Ans:
tmax = 29.3 ksi

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587. Determine the rotation of the gear at E in B

Prob. 586. D
F
50 mm 0.75 m
100 mm
500 Nm

C E

1.5 m

Equilibrium:

TA + F(0.1) - 500 = 0 [1]

TB - F(0.05) = 0 [2]

From Eqs. [1] and [2]

TA + 2TB - 500 = 0 [3]

Compatibility:

0.1fE = 0.05fF

fE = 0.5fF

d
TA(1.5) TB(0.75)
= 0.5c
JG JG

TA = 0.250TB [4]

Solving Eqs. [3] and [4] yields:

TB = 222.22 N # m TA = 55.56 N # m

Angle of Twist:

TAL 55.56(1.5)
fE = = p
JG 2 (0.01254)(75.0)(109)

= 0.02897 rad = 1.66 Ans.

Ans:
fE = 1.66

395