TREATMENT / HOSPITALIZATION

AND
ITS EFFECT FOR PATIENT

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 Introduction
Being ill is considered a burden for someones
life.
can be a stressor for certain people.
The effects of treatment for patients in the
hospital are influenced by many factors, for
example type of illness, severity of illness, onset
of illness, the previous experience to the illness,
age, sex, occupation, socio-culture-economy
condition and patients perception towards
performance and behavior of the health
provider.
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 Objectives
1.To know the factors which influence the effects
of treatment.
2.Understand patients images on medical
personnel and others in the therapeutic team.
3.Understand that as hospital staff must be able
to empathies with the patient and help them to
come to term with the reality on their situation.
4.To grow awareness of the importance to study
the related factors i.e. perception, image,
personality, defense mechanism,
communication, and professionalism.

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 Objectives (Cont)
5. To excite self awareness in finding
experience through many kinds of media
i.e. books, journals, field studies including
self experiences.
6. To grow awareness of the importance of
humanizing the patients.
7. To promote their self to learn about patient
defense mechanism.

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 ILLNESS/DISEASE *
*
HOSPITAL-HOSPITALIZATION

TREATMENT *
EXAMINATION * THERAPY *
* DIAGNOSE * WITHOUT *
Instrument (-)
INSTRUMEN
Anamneses
Inspection PROGNOSE * FARMACO
Palpation PSYCHO*
Auscultation
INSTRUMEN *
INSTRUMEN * ELECTRIC
*
* * * * * *
SMEAR NEEDLE ECG/EEG/
SCISSOR ELECTRIC NEEDLE
ECT & RO
USG SCAN
PUNCTURE
* RO FOTO * = Stressor 5
 hospitalization
The placing of a patient in a hospital for
treatment
The term of confinement in a hospital

patient
A person who is undergoing treatment for
disease
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 Effect of Hospitalization
Positive: - Recover
- Remission
- Satisfied
- Residue
- Improve health care

Negative: - Complication - Death

- Worsen - Get stigma
- Deteriorate
- Unsatisfied
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 Treatment
INTERNAL EXTERNAL
Hospitalization and EFFECT
EFFECT
its effect for patient

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 Psychological Sociological culture

Physiolo- Treatment Value/

gical age Hospitalization and perception
its effect for patient

His / her
Financial Experience

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 What / which Why

Treatment
How Hospitalization and Where
its effect for patient

When Who / Whom

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 HOW : Doctor Patient interaction
Doctor-nurse-patient-relationship
Other member inter relationship
Does he comply
Frequent
WHERE : Surgical ward
Psychiatric ward
Government Hospital
IMAGE : Educational Hospital
Emergency Case
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 Doctor
Nurse Professional
Staff
Worker Attitude
e.t.c
Approach

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 What kind of treatment

Surgical treatment Lost Depression

Medical treatment Side effect Anxiety

Palliative treatment image of treatment

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 What kind of
Disease Acute
Case Chronic

Illness Terminal
Fatal
Reversible
Irreversible
Physic Organ
Psyches psychotic/ non psychotic
Emergency
Pain 14
 Who - The patient :
- infancy : birth 2 year
- Pre school period 2 3 - years
- School age period : 6 onset of
puberty
- Adolescence
- Old
- Status : Married / unmarried

Who Patient

- Doctor
- Nurse Personality
Perception
- Staff Environment
- Worker
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 appendix

STRESS
is the physiological and behavioral response of
on individual seeking to adapt and adjust to
both internal and external pressures.

STRESSOR
is on event, a situation, a person or on object
which is perceived as a stressful element and
induces the stress reaction as a result.

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Stressor can very widely in nature
ranking from psychosocial and
behaviors sources suck as frustration,
anxiety and overload to bio-ecological
and physical sources including noise,
palliation temperature, and reaction.
Appropriate for hospitalization is
judged on two grounds

Severity of illness and intensity of

service. In other words, the patient has
to be sick enough to must being in the
acute care hospital setting, and the
services the patient needs can only be
provided in the hospital setting.
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 There are three areas of
adaptations to be faced by
patient:
1. The separation - the family loss
rejection punishment.
2. To be separated from work.
3. To be separated from society or
community.

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 Psychological reaction to
physical illness:
1. Factor in the illness it self
a. The severity of symptoms pain
b. The degree of disability and the
perceived threat of life.
c. The duration of the illness
d. The organ
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2. Factor in the patient
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Body image
d. Pre-morbid personality

3. Situational Factor
Family work social environment
Relationship with doctors nurses
and others in the therapeutic team
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 Body image is made up of a persons
perceptions, thoughts and feelings about
his own body.
Head is concerned with intellectual
capacity and control.
Hearth with life it self
Sexual organs with masculinity or
femininity

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 Personality
The characteristic and source extend predictable, behavior
response patterns that each person involves, both consciously
and unconsciously as his style of life.
The paranoid person tends to be suspicious and jealous
of other patient.
The schizoid personality may find the closeness of being
cared for and nursed somewhat threatening.
The explosive personality incapacitated by illness may
react with hostility.
The anankastic (obsessive compulsive) personality,
perfectionist and needing to remain in control of situation.
The hysterical personality may react to illness in an
attention seeking, exhibitionistic fashion.

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 There are three categories of
coping strategies:
1. Retreat from the threat
2. Conservation the energy
3. Involves the defense mechanism
of repression.

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 Defense mechanisms
Suppression the set of consciously inhibiting
on impulse, effect or idea as in the deliberate
attempt to forget something and think no more
about it.

Denial Refused to admit the reality of.

Rationalization making a thing appear
reasonable
etc.

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 Reference
Sadock, BJ, Sadock, VA. Kaplan & Sadocks Synopsis of Psychiatry
9th ed. 2003. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, USA.
Helman, CG. Culture, Health and Illness 4th ed.2001. Oxford
University Press, New York, USA.
M.J. Sains Bury, 1984 Key to Psychiatry a tex book for students.,
general Hospital psychiatry. Chapter 22. Australia-New Zealand
Book Co. PT YLTD
M. AW. Brouwer, Anna Alisyahbana. Myra Sidharta. 1984. Rumah
Sakit dalam Cahaya Ilmu Jiwa. PT Grafidion Jaya.
Benyamin Sumenta. 1984. Pasien Citra . Dan perilaku Tinjauan
Fenpmena social. Penerbit Kanisius
Instrument for example
Preparing for your childs Hospital liration
Psychiatric hospital liration
Minal Michal Stress- sign sources, symptoms & solution, Rache
Harold /Koplan MD, alfild M Freedmon MD, Benjamin/ Sadock, MD.
Comprehension textbook of Psychiatry III, William Wilkins

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 Selesai

Ronny T Wirasto
Ronny3w@yahoo.com
0811257155
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