DALTONS LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES

-states that for a mixture of gases where no reaction takes place between the
components, the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures of the gas
components

Partial pressure: the pressure of each gas component; the pressure that the gas
would exert alone [Note: Each gas behaves independently]

Formula: = + + +..

Sample Problem:

1. A mixture contains carbon dioxide with a partial pressure of 125 mm Hg and

oxygen with a partial pressure of 275 mm Hg. What is the total pressure of the
mixture?

Solution:

= 2 + 2 = 125 + 275 = 400

3. 4.30 moles of hydrogen gas is mixed with 2.20 moles of oxygen gas in a 10.0 L
tank at 25.0 degrees Celsius. What is the total pressure inside the tank?

= + = + = ; where = +

MOLE FRACTION: The ratio of moles of one component of a gaseous mixture to

the total number of moles of all components in the mixture. [Note: In any mixture,
the sum of the mole fraction of all components is equal to 1.0]


Formula: = = = and =

Sample Problem:

4. If a mixture of gases contains 7.50 g H2, 3.25 g O2, and 5.55 g N2. What is the
mole fraction of each of the gases?
 GAS STOICHIOMETRY
Stoichiometry: the study and calculation of quantitative relationships of the
reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations)

Gas stoichiometry: involves chemical reactions that produces gases

Key Points:

At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), 1 mole of any gas will occupy a
volume of 22.4 L.
The Ideal Gas Law, along with a balanced chemical equation, can be used to
solve for the amount, either in volume or mass, of gas consumed or
produced in a chemical reaction.

Sample Problem:

1. () + () () + (

According to the above reaction, what volume of 2 () is produced from the

combustion of 100g of 3 (), assuming the reaction takes place at STP?

2. () + () ()

What volume of 3 will be formed from 12.0 L of 2 , if the volumes of the gases
are measured under identical conditions of T and P? Assume that volume of 2
supplied is an excess of that necessary to completely react all available 2 () and
that the reaction goes by completion.

3. () + () () + ()

How many grams of 2 will be produced by 58.2 L of 4 at STP? Assume an

excess of 2 ?