Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Galindo Katherine. Air Quality.

Air quality in the food court of the Military

University
Galindo, Katherine.
{u2902418}@unimilitar.edu.co
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada

Abstract In the terms of damage caused to the
environment, air pollution can be easily
characterized as the main culprit. In to the
Universidad Militar the main sources of air
pollution is food court. Therefore, this paper aims at
using semi-conductor sensor for detecting the
pollutant smoke at the emission outlets which
detects the level of pollutants in the food court.
Specifically in this paper, smoke sensor MQ135 is
used. This sensor MQ135 is connected to an
Arduino that converts the information supplied by
the sensor and determines that degree of
contamination has the air of the place.
Keywords Smoke sensor MQI35, Arduino, CO2, Air
Quality.
I. INTRODUCTION
The study was conducted at the premises of the
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada specifically in
the food court, was performed in order to determine
how much smoke is recorded during the day and if
they can be harmful to people transiting the place.
To conduct the study, a MQ135 sensor that
measures air quality from place was implemented.
Section 1 is defined and the Arduino program that
was used, the characteristics of the sensor are
described conceptualized.
Section 2 presents the proposed system.
Section 3 the results obtained in the course of two
weeks are shown, data and graphs generated by the
sensor are evident.
Section 4 the conclutions are evident and made a
proposal.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
A. About MQ135 Sensor
MQ135 Semiconductor Sensor for Air Quality
Control
Sensitive material of MQ135 gas sensor is SnO2,
which with lower conductivity in clean air. When
the target combustible gas exist, The sensors
conductivity is more higher along with the gas
concentration rising. Please use simple electro
circuit, Convert change of conductivity to
correspond output signal of gas concentration.
MQ135 gas sensor has high sensitity to Ammonia,
Sulfide and Benze steam, also sensitive to smoke
and other harmful gases. It is with low cost and
suitable for different application.
Character Configuration
* Good sensitivity to Harmful gases in wide range
* High sensitivity to Ammonia, Sulfide and Benze.
* Long life and low cost
* Simple drive circuit
Application
* Domestic air pollution detector
* Industrial air pollution detector
* Portable air pollution detector

Galindo,K.
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Galindo Katherine. Air Quality.
Configuration
Figure - 1
Sensitivity Characteristics
Graph -1
Shows the typical sensitivity characteristics the
MQ135, ordinate means resistance ratio of the
sensor (Rs/Ro), abscissa is concentration of gases.
Rs means resistance in different gases, Ro means
resistance of sensor in 100ppm Ammonia. All test
are under standard test conditions.
Galindo,K.
2
Influence of Temperature/Humidity
Graph - 2
Shows the typical temperature and humidity
characteristics. Ordinate means resistance ratio of
the sensor (Rs/Ro), Rs means resistance of sensor in
100ppm Ammonia under different tem and
humidity. Ro means resistance of the sensor in
environment of 100ppm Ammonia, 20/65%RH.
Following conditions must be avoided
1. Water Condensation Indoor conditions, slight
water condensation will effect sensors performance
lightly. However, if water condensation on sensors
surface and keep a certain period, sensor sensitivity
will be decreased.
2. Used in high gas concentration No matter the
sensor is electrified or not, if long time placed in
high gas concentration, if will affect sensors
characteristic.
3. Long time storage The sensors resistance produce
reversible drift if its stored for long time without
electrify, this drift is related with storage conditions.
Sensors should be stored in airproof without silicon
gel bag with clean air. For the sensors with long
time storage but no electrify, they need long aging
time for stbility before using.
4. Long time exposed to adverse environment No
matter the sensors electrified or not, if exposed to
adverse environment for long time, such as high
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Galindo Katherine. Air Quality. 3

humidity, high temperature, or high pollution etc, it
will effect the sensors performance badly.
5. Vibration Continual vibration will result in
sensors down-lead response then repture. In
transportation or assembling line, pneumatic
screwdriver/ultrasonic welding machine can lead
this vibration.
6. Concussion if sensors meet strong concussion, it
may lead its lead wire disconnected.
7. Usage For sensor, handmade welding is optimal
way. If use wave crest welding should meet the
following conditions:
7.1 Soldering flux: Rosin soldering flux contains
least chlorine
7.2 Speed: 1-2 Meter/ Minute
7.3 Warm-up temperature10020
7.4 Welding temperature25010 2.7.5 1 time
pass wave crest welding machine If disobey the
above using terms, sensors sensitivity will be
reduced.
programming. As soon as it reached a wider
community, the Arduino board started changing to
adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating
its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products
for applications, wearable, 3D printing, and
embedded environments. All Arduino boards are
completely open-source, empowering users to build
them independently and eventually adapt them to
their particular needs. The software, too, is open-
source, and it is growing through the contributions
of users worldwide.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

B. About Arduino

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform

based on easy-to-use hardware and
software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs -
light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter
message - and turn it into an output - activating a A. Sensor
motor, turning on an LED, publishing something
online. You can tell your board what to do by
sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller
on the board. To do so you use the Arduino
programming language (based on Wiring), and the
Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.

Over the years Arduino has been the brain of

thousands of projects, from everyday objects to
complex scientific instruments. A worldwide
community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists,
programmers, and professionals - has gathered
around this open-source platform, their
contributions have added up to an incredible
amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great
help to novices and experts alike.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design
Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed
at students without a background in electronics and
The sensor senses the amount of emission from the
kitchen and feeds the data to the microcontroller at
regular intervals of time. The analog electrical
signal is then converted into a digital signal using
an in-built ADC, so that, it can be compared with
the predefined values, in the microcontroller
MQ135 sensors are used in air quality control
equipments and are suitable for detecting of CO,
NH3, NOx, alcohol, Benzene, smoke, etc. The
reason why MQ135 is used in a factory

Galindo,K.
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Galindo Katherine. Air Quality. 4

environment is because of its wide detecting scope,

fast response, high sensitivity, stable and long life.

IV. RESULTS
B. Microcontroller
The sensor provided the next results:

Hora Sensor
1:20 p. m. 480
1:30 p. m. 460
1:40 p. m. 468
1:50 p. m. 461
2:00 p. m. 405
In this paper, Arduino Micro is used,
2:10 p. m. 353
Microcontroller: ATmega32u4
Operating voltage: 5 V 2:20 p. m. 333
Pines digital I / O: 20 2:30 p. m. 324
PWM channels 7 2:40 p. m. 296
Analog input pins 12 2:50 p. m. 287
DC current for every pin I / O: 40 mA 3:00 p. m. 275
DC current at 3.3 V pin: 50mA 3:10 p. m. 254
Flash Memory: 32KB (ATmega32u4) of which 4 3:20 p. m. 269
KB are used by the bootloader 3:30 p. m. 269
SRAM: 2.5 KB (ATmega32u4) 3:40 p. m. 233
EEPROM: 1KB (ATmega32u4) 3:50 p. m. 237
Clock Speed: 16 MHz 4:00 p. m. 250
4:10 p. m. 256
C. GSM module Table 1- Measuring.
A GSM module assembles a GSM modem with
standard communication interfaces like RS-232
(Serial Port), USB etc., so that it can be easily
interfaced with a computer or a microprocessor/
microcontroller based system. The GSM Module is
initiated by the microcontroller to inform the
factory control room that the process/machinery
have been shut down and corrective action has to be
undertaken.

Graph - 3

The proposed design was performed to measure air

quality in the food court of the university, which
measures the amount of smoke on site.

Galindo,K.
Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Galindo Katherine. Air Quality. 5

[3] Green, M. 1966. An air pollution index based on

The results show that large concentration smoke
occur between 11:40 am and 1:50 pm. It is evident
that in the morning and evening air quality is
breathable and is not harmful to the people
transiting.
sulphur dioxide and smoke shade. J. Air Pollut.
Control Assoc.11
[4] GVAQI.2013. Greater Vancouver Regional District air
quality and source control department, Burnaby, B.C.,
Canada.

V. CONCLUSIONS

This whole paper mainly focuses on two major

aspects. Firstly, the concept of detecting the level of
smoke and indicating it to the food court. There is
an increase in the level of Pollution over the lunch
hour, leading to several ventilation problems. There
will be a number of restaurants that may not take
smoke from their food court for example the fruit
store.
So, this system will be highly beneficial is
curbing this problem. Secondly, this system will be
one of the greatest improvements. It will be one of
the improvements that the university will have to
implement in search of quality. Since it can often be
uncomfortable for people.

This study sought to analyze the amounts of

contaminated air for days, and it was determined
that smoke occurs when more is at lunch time
sensor measurements had great during those hours.
What is recommended is the example's
implementation of adequate ventilation for the
place.

REFERENCIAS

[1] Peter Osei Boamah,Jacqueline Onumah, Air

pollution control techniques, Global journal on
bio-science and biotechnology, Volume1 (2)
2012,pg-124.
[2] George F. Fine, Leon M. Cavanagh, Ayo Afonja
and Russell Binions, Metal Oxide Semi-
Conductor Gas Sensors in Environmental
Monitoring, State-of-the-Art Sensors
Technology in the UK, June 2010.

Galindo,K.