SUMMARY OF EQUATIONS AND CONCEPTS

Distance Formula

Distance from a Point to a Line

Midpoint Formulas

Two Point Form:

Standard Equation of Lines

Point Slope Form:
NOTE:
Two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal. If their
slopes are negative reciprocal of each other (or the Slope Intercept Form:
product of the slopes is equal to -1) then they are
perpendicular.
Intercept Form:

Angle between Two Intersecting Lines

General Equation for Conic Sections

If not rotated:

Circle
The locus of point that moves such that its distance General Equation
from a fixed point called the center is constant. The
constant distance is called the radius, r of the circle. (e
= 0)
Standard Equation with Center at the Origin:

Standard Equation with Center at the (h,k):

NOTE:
If and A = C the conic section is a
circle
 General Equation
Parabola
The locus of point that moves such that it is always
equidistant from a fixed point and a fixed line. The
fixed point is called focus and the fixed line is called
directrix. (e=1) Standard Equations with Vertex at the Origin:

Standard Equation with Vertex at the (h,k):

Latus Rectum:

NOTE:
If the conic section is a parabola
General Equation

Ellipse
The locus of point that moves such that the sum of its Standard Equation with Center at the Origin:
distances from two fixed points called the foci is
constant. The constant sum is the length of the major (if major axis is along x)
axis, 2a. (e<1)
(if major axis is along y)

Standard Equation with Center at the (h,k):

(if major axis is along x)

(if major axis is along y)

Relationship between a, b and c:

NOTE:
If and A C the conic section is
an ellipse
General Equation
Hyperbola
The locus of point that moves such that the difference
of its distance from two fixed points called the foci
is constant. The constant difference is the length of the Standard Equation with Center at the Origin:
transverse axis, 2a. (e>1) (if transverse axis is along x)
 (if transcerse axis is along y)

Standard Equation with Center at the (h,k):

(if transverse axis is along x)

(if transverse axis is along y)

Relationship between a, b and c:

NOTE:
If and one of either A or C is
negative, the conic section is hyperbola
Distance between Two Points in Polar Plane

The Polar Coordinate System

The references are a fixed point and a fixed line. The
fixed point is called the pole and the fixed line is called
the polar axis. The location of a point is expressed
according to its distance from the pole and its angle
from the polar axis. The distance is denoted by r and
the angle by .

Polar to Rectangular

Rectangular to Polar