APS

INSTRUCTION
MANUAL
TM
DUAL-MODE
MODEL 114 AMPLIFIER

Serial Number

Systems for Generating Controlled Vibration

5731 Palmer Way, Suite A, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA (760) 438-4848 FAX (760) 438-8845 apsdynamics@att.net
 Table of Contents

SECTION 1: GENERAL INFORMATION

SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE
PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

SECTION 2: PREPARATION FOR USE

UNPACKING AND PACKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
SAFETY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

SECTION 3: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
OPERATIONAL CONTROLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

SECTION 4: MAINTENANCE
GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
PERFORMANCE CHECKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
TEST PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
REPAIR/REPLACEMENT ACTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

SECTION 5: SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION

Model 114 iii

 1
General Information

SCOPE NOTES

This Instruction Manual provides operation and maintenance information

for the APS Dynamics Model 114 DUAL-MODE Power Amplifier. Serial
Number effectivity of this manual is given on the title page.

DESCRIPTION AND PURPOSE

The Model 114 Power Amplifier is designed to provide drive power for
shakers such as the Models 113, 129, 400 and 500. The amplifier has
features which make it particularly useful for studying the dynamic
characteristics of structures.

The DUAL-MODE feature of the unit allows operation in either a voltage

or current amplifier mode, selectable from the front panel. Refer to
Section 3 for a full discussion of this feature.

The completely self-contained unit is packaged in a rugged aluminum

enclosure suitable for bench or rack mounting. Rack Adapters are
included for standard 19-in rack mounting. Integral forced air cooling
insures continuous operation with a shaker delivering rated force into
blocked, resistive or reactive loads.

A current monitor signal permits monitoring of the instantaneous output

current amplitude and phase. Protection circuitry will detect an output
short-to-ground and remove the drive signal.

Model 114 1-1

 Section 1: General Information

CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS NOTES

Output, into shaker reactive load . . . . . . . . . . . 125 V-A rms

Current Output, maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 A rms

Current Peak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 A peak

Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-2000 Hz

Maximum Input Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 V peak

Input Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 K ohm

Noise, referred to maximum output . . . . . . . . . . . . . -80 dB

Current Monitor Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 mV/A

Input Power . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 V (100 V, 230 V Optional)*

50/60 Hz, 380 W

Rear Panel Connectors

Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WK3-31S Cannon
Input and Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BNC Type
AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-Pin Receptacle

Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 lb, 11.3 kg

Size (H x W x D) (less rack adapters) . . . . 5.22 x 17.0 x 9.25 in.,

133 x 432 x 235 mm

Environmental
Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . 5 to 50 degrees C
Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . -40 to 85 degrees C
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90% RH Maximum

* Optional voltages available with original order and are not field
convertible.

Model 114 1-2

 2
Preparation for Use

UNPACKING AND PACKING NOTES

The Model 114 Power Amplifier is packed in a corrugated cardboard

box with foam inserts. The box and inserts should be kept for possible
future reshipment of the amplifier. Rack adapters and a power cord
are included in this container.

INSTALLATION

The amplifier may be bench mounted or installed in a suitable 19-in

rack or cabinet. For rack mounting, use the Rack Mounting Adapters
provided and the mounting screws in place on the side panels. The
cabinet should provide adequate air flow through screening or louvers
located at the top and bottom of the cabinet. In either case, other
equipment should not be located over or below the amplifier in a
manner which blocks the air exhaust. A space of 1-3/4 inch (one rack
unit) is recommended.

The Model 114 requires 120 V, 4 A, or optional 100 V, 4 A, 50/60 Hz

single-phase power. Equipment ordered for 100 V operation is factory
connected for 100 V.

The input and current monitor output are terminated at rear panel BNC
type connectors. The power output connector is a 3-pin Cannon type
WK3-31S.

The amplifier case is grounded through the power line ground wire.
The signal ground is connected to the case at the input connector.

The amplifier output requires an ungrounded load for rated output.

Protection circuitry protects the unit against inadvertent grounding
of one of the output terminations.

SAFETY INFORMATION

The Model 114 operates from a single-phase power source with one
of the current-carrying conductors at ground potential. Operation from
power sources where both current-carrying conductors are live with

Model 114 2-1

 Section 2: Preparation for Use

respect to ground is not prohibited, since only the line conductor has NOTES
over-current protection within the instrument.

!
* WARNING *

CONNECT THE SYSTEM INTERCONNECT CABLE TO THE

AMPLIFIER OUTPUT AND SHAKER TERMINALS BEFORE
APPLYING POWER TO THE AMPLIFIER.

A 3-wire power cord is provided with a 3-terminal polarized plug for

connection to the power source and safety-ground. The ground
terminal of the plug is directly connected to the metal parts of the
instrument. For electric-shock protection, insert this plug in a
mating outlet with a safety-ground contact.

!
* WARNING *

DO NOT REMOVE REAR PANEL OR TOP AND BOTTOM COVERS

WITH POWER CORD ATTACHED.

Model 114 2-2

 3
Principles of Operation

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION NOTES

The Model 114 Power Amplifier consists of two heat sink mounted
power modules, a circuit board containing input amplifiers, a current
monitor amplifier and an output short-to-ground detector and relay.
In addition, a power supply section provides positive and negative
voltage.

The two power modules each contain two self-contained power

operational amplifiers arranged in a configuration which produces
a balanced output of twice the voltage of a single amplifier. Refer
to the simplified circuit of a power module in Figure 3-1. In the voltage
amplifier mode, Amplifier A1 is connected through the control of the
front panel switch as an inverting voltage amplifier with a gain of three.
Amplifier A2 is connected as an inverting voltage amplifier having unity
gain with input directly from the output of Amplifier A1. Thus the voltage
across the load is twice the voltage output of A1. The output currents
of each power module are summed through equal resistors R. These
series resistors reduce the output voltage when the load is resistive.
With a reactive load, however, the internal voltage drop is in quadrature
with the load voltage and is less significant. The resistors allow the
amplifier to operate over a range of load impedances both resistive
and reactive while minimizing the amplifier dissipation.

In the current amplifier mode, amplifier A1 is connected for current

feedback. Refer to Figure 3-2. The amplifier output current is sampled
in resistor R. Amplifier A2 remains as an inverting voltage amplifier
with unity gain and provides voltage equal to that of A1, as required
by the current output of A1. Current source A1 in series with voltage
source A2 remains a current source.

Each amplifier is driven by a pre-amplifier with the gain set for five.
The pre-amplifier has a set clip level to prevent overdrive.

The current monitor circuit consists of a differential amplifier connected

across one of the four equal resistors R. The gain of this amplifier is
set so that rated output of 4 A rms produces 1 V rms at the Current
Monitor connector. The Model 114 amplifier is protected against a
short-to-ground at the output. Normally the output is balanced, i.e.,
equal and opposite voltage relative to ground. To monitor this condition,
the voltages at the output terminals are summed. Normally this sum

Model 114 3-1

 Section 3: Principles of Operation

INPUT
R OUTPUT R
A1 A2

Figure 3-1 Voltage Amplifier Mode

INPUT
R OUTPUT R
A1 A2

Figure 3-2 Current Amplifier Mode

Model 114 3-2

 Section 3: Principles of Operation

is approximately zero. If an unbalance occurs, such as NOTES

short-to-ground, the summed voltage will not be zero. This signal
is amplified and when a threshold is exceeded, positive feedback
saturates and locks-up the sensing amplifier. A fast relay operates
and removes the input signal to the pre-amplifier.

The power supply consists of unregulated, high current positive and

negative 45-V supplies. These provide power directly for the power
operational amplifiers. The remaining active circuitry is powered from
two zener regulated 15-V supplies and two zener regulated 5-V
supplies located on the input circuit board.

OPERATIONAL CONTROLS

The front panel operational controls are the main POWER switch,
the OPERATING MODE selector switch and the AMPLITUDE control.
The main POWER switch controls all the power to the unit including
the cooling fan.

The OPERATING MODE selector switch contains four positions:

1. VOLTAGE

2. VOLTAGE - OFF

3. CURRENT - OFF

4. CURRENT

Operation of this switch under load is permissible. However, changing

from the Voltage Mode to Current Mode while operating the shaker
may cause over displacement of the shaker. The AMPLITUDE control
should be reduced during this change. Rotating the OPERATING
MODE selector under load, excessive input levels, input transients
as well as a short-to-ground may activate the detector. To reset,
rotate the switch to either of the OFF positions.

The Voltage Mode is used for general shaker operation. This mode
produces an approximate constant velocity response as a function
of frequency in the region of armature suspension resonance. This
mode produces high internal damping in the shaker armature motion
due to the low amplifier source impedance. Voltage Mode operation
is retained with the OPERATING MODE switch in the VOLTAGE-OFF
position.

The Current Mode is normally used in modal test excitation or

whenever it is desired that the shaker have minimum effect on the
system damping. This is particularly important during measurement

Model 114 3-3

 Section 3: Principles of Operation

of damping by the decay method. For this reason, an OFF position is NOTES
provided which retains the current mode operation with the drive signal
removed. Operation of this switch from CURRENT to CURRENT - OFF
provides a convenient means for initiating system response decay.

The response of the shaker driven by the amplifier in the current mode
is essentially constant-force with varying load conditions and drive
frequency. Note, however, in the vicinity of armature-body suspension
resonance, constant-force will produce high relative motion between
the body and armature and a sharp increase in force applied to the test
structure.

The AMPLITUDE control allows adjustment of the amplifier output

from zero to the maximum rated output. When the control is set full
clockwise, the maximum input signal applied to the amplifier should
be adjusted to 2-V peak. A signal above this will be clipped at the
2-V peak level.

In the VOLTAGE MODE, the current output depends on the shaker

impedance and the mechanical load impedance. At low frequencies,
the shaker may require a small fraction of the voltage required for high
frequencies.

In the CURRENT MODE, the output current is directly related to the

input voltage. A 2-V peak input voltage produces the maximum current
peak level regardless of shaker impedance on load impedance.

Model 114 3-4

 4
Maintenance

GENERAL NOTES

The Model 114 Power Amplifier is designed to be a trouble-free unit,

requiring a minimum of checks and adjustments. The amplifier is
equipped with two adjustment potentiometers to provide zero dc
offset for the voltage and current modes.

This section contains sub-sections which cover the following:

1. Performance Checks - to verify performance in accordance with

CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS.

2. Adjustment Procedures - dc offset adjustments for the voltage and

current modes.

PERFORMANCE CHECKS

The following performance checks compare the Model 114 performance

with that given in Section 1.

TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

1. 8-ohm and 4-ohm 150-W resistors or equivalent combination

2. AC voltmeter

3. Oscilloscope

4. Ungrounded (floating common) Multi-meter with 0-50 mV dc range

or better

5. Sine-wave generator with at least 2-V peak output

TEST PROCEDURE

1. Connect the amplifier to a source of ac power. The line voltage

should be 120 V rms (or optional 100 V rms) for rated output.
Equipment ordered for 100 V operation is factory connected for

Model 114 4-1

 Section 4: Maintenance

100 V. Refer to schematic, Main Frame 0352. Leave the power NOTES
switch off until all switch settings and connections to the amplifier
and test equipment have been made. Follow this procedure for all
tests in Table 4-1.

2. Connect the 8-ohm load resistor between pins 1 and 2 of the

output connector.

3. Connect the multi-meter across the 8-ohm load (with common

side floating with respect to ground). Set the OPERATING MODE
switch to the VOLTAGE - OFF position.

4. Turn on the amplifier, and measure the dc offset voltage. If

the voltage measures over 50 mV dc, refer to ADJUSTMENT
PROCEDURES. Repeat this step with the OPERATING MODE
switch set to the CURRENT - OFF position. Remove the
multi-meter when this step is complete.

5. Connect the AC voltmeter and oscilloscope inputs between pins

1 and 3 (ground) or pins 2 and 3.

6. With the input conditions specified therein, check the Model 114
performance as summarized in Table 4-1.

ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURES

1. Remove the top cover from the amplifier by first removing the power
cord, then remove four rear panel attachment screws. Displace
the rear panel downward and slide cover backward.

!
* WARNING *

DO NOT REMOVE REAR PANEL OR TOP AND BOTTOM

COVERS WITH POWER CORD ATTACHED.

2. Re-install the rear panel with the four rear panel attachment
screws, then install the power cord.

3. With the unit operating, adjust R4 with OPERATING MODE

selector in the VOLTAGE - OFF position. Set R4 for an output
voltage less than 50 mV dc.

4. Repeat with the OPERATING MODE selector in the CURRENT -

OFF position. Set R5 for an output voltage less than 50 mV dc.

Model 114 4-2

 Section 4: Maintenance

5. Replace top cover with power cord removed. NOTES

* CAUTION *

WHEN REMOVING THE INTERCONNECT CABLE FROM

AMPLIFIER OUTPUT BE SURE TO TURN THE LOCKING
RING CLOCKWISE.

TABLE 4-1
PERFORMANCE RATED
TEST PARAMETER INPUT INPUT PERFORMANCE
NO. CHECKED CONDITION SIGNAL LIMIT

1 Voltage output in Oscillator connected 20 Hz, set level for 16 V rms between
voltage mode, to input, set OPERATING rated output each output termination
measured across MODE switch to and ground, 32 V rms
8-ohm load position VOLTAGE total

2 Voltage output as in Same as Test 1 2000 Hz, set level Same as Test 1
Test 1 except at for rated output
maximum frequency

3 Current output in Same as Test 1 except Same as Test 1 8 V rms between

current mode, as OPERATING MODE each output termination
measured by voltage switch set to CURRENT and ground, 16 V rms
across 4-ohm load position total

4 Current output as in Same as Test 3 Same as Test 2 Same as Test 3

Test 3 except at
maximum frequency

5 Output noise level in Set OPERATING MODE OPERATING MODE 1.5 mV rms maximum
voltage mode with switch to VOLTAGE - switch to VOLTAGE - between output
8-ohm load OFF OFF position termination and ground,
3.0 mV rms total

6 Output noise level in Same as Test 5 except OPERATING MODE Same as Test 5
current mode with OPERATING MODE switch in CURRENT -
8-ohm load switch set to CURRENT - OFF position
OFF position

7 Current Monitor output Same as Test 1 20 Hz, set level for 1.0 V rms at CURRENT
with 4-ohm load 8 V rms between each MONITOR output
output termination and
ground

Model 114 4-3

 Section 4: Maintenance

REPAIR/REPLACEMENT ACTION NOTES

If a problem occurs in the operation of the amplifier or part

repair/replacement action becomes necessary, contact:

APS Dynamics, Inc.

5731 Palmer Way, Suite A
Carlsbad, California 92008

Phone: (760) 438-4848

FAX: (760) 438-8845
E-mail: apsdynamics@att.net

Please be prepared to give the serial number of the unit, the part
numbers involved, and a complete description of the nature of the
problem.

Refer to SECTION 5, SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION for Parts Lists,

Parts Location and Schematics.

Model 114 4-4

 5
Suppor
Supportt Documentation

This section contains the following Support Documentation: NOTES

1. Parts List, Model 114, Main Frame

2. Parts List, Circuit Board 8330

3. Parts List, Power Module 8174-2

4. Parts List, Cable Assembly

5. Parts Location, Circuit Board 8330

6. Parts Location, Circuit Board 8341

7. Schematic, Main Frame 0352

8. Schematic, Circuit Board 8330

9. Schematic, Power Module 8341

10. Schematic, Cable Assembly

11. Performance Graphs

12. Applicable Modification/Revision Information

Model 114 5-1