Revista Realidad 120, 2009

Anlisis de algunos planteamientos

de gestin cultural salvadorea
AMPARO MARROQUN PARDUCCI
Departamento de comunicaciones
UCA, San Salvador
Lo que parece decadencia de la cultura es su puro llegar a s misma.
Theodor Adorno
All donde el hombre est ms implicado en intensicar la vida en vez de meramente vivirla
podremos hablar de un comportamiento esttico.
Jordi Claramonte

3 UROHJyPHQRVFXOWXUDOHV
0UPJPV LZ[H YLL_P}U HUV[HUKV
KVZ HJVU[LJPTPLU[VZ 3H ZLTHUH
KLS  HS  KL KPJPLTIYL KL 
LU (U[PN\H .\H[LTHSH ZL SSL]} H
JHIV \U LUJ\LU[YV LU LS X\L   \U
NY\WV KL LZ[\KPVZVZ KL SVZ WYVJL
ZVZTPNYH[VYPVZLU*LU[YVHTtYPJH`
4t_PJV ZL KPLYVU JP[H ,S VIQL[P]V
IHQV SH JVU]VJH[VYPH WVY SH (NLU
JPH ,ZWH|VSH KL *VVWLYHJP}U 0U
[LYUHJPVUHS WHYH LS +LZHYYVSSV LYH
WYLZLU[HY \UH ZLYPL KL [YHIHQVZ `
YLL_PVULZZVIYLSHTHULYHLUX\L LUSHKPZJ\ZP}ULS[LTHX\L
SH TPNYHJP}U LZ[m YLJVUZ[P[\`LUKV T\JOVZ WHYLJxHU [YHLY LU
SVZ WYVJLZVZ J\S[\YHSLZ ` KL PKLU Z\HNLUKH!KPZJ\[PYZVIYLSH
[PKHK KL U\LZ[YVZ WHxZLZ ;YHZ SHZ J\S[\YHLU\UTVTLU[VLU
WYPTLYHZ KPZJ\ZPVULZ X\L WHYLJxHU X\LT\JOHZWLYZVUHZLZ[mU
IVYKLHYSVJ\S[\YHS`LUSHZX\LZL ZPLUKV T\[PSHKHZ WVY LS
PUZPZ[xH X\L LU SH TLKPKH LU X\L [YLULZJLKLYHSH[LU[HJP}U
WRGRHVFXOWXUDZLW\LKLOHJLY\UH KLSVZ[LTHZPYYLSL]HU[LZ
SLJ[\YH KL SH JHU[PKHK KL YLTLZHZ 3HJ\S[\YHLZHSNVKLSVX\L
X\L YLJPILU U\LZ[YVZ WHxZLZ ` LZHZ ZLVJ\WHUSVZVJPVZVZ
LZ[HKxZ[PJHZ ZVU J\S[\YHSLZ <UH KL 1\U[VHLZ[HZP[V
SHZWHY[PJPWHU[LZZLHUPT}HJVSVJHY \UHTmZYLJPLU[L

Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea 239

 ,
S  `  KL THYaV KL  
Revista Realidad 120, 2009
JVTWHY[x JVU \U NY\WV PU[L
YLZHU[L KL NLZ[VYLZ ` [YHIH
QHKVYLZ J\S[\YHSLZ \U [HSSLY ZVIYL
.LZ[P}U ` KPYLJJP}U KL JLU[YVZ
J\S[\YHSLZLULS*LU[YV*\S[\YHSKL
,ZWH|H <UH KL SHZ WYPTLYHZ WYL
N\U[HZX\LLSNY\WVJVSVJ}LZZPLZ
WVZPISLX\LHSN\PLUX\LUVLZHY[PZ
[HNLZ[PVULSHJ\S[\YH,Z[VSSL]HIHH
\UWYLZ\W\LZ[VKLMVUKV!SHJ\S[\YH
LZ PUK\KHISLTLU[L WH[YPTVUPV
WYV`LJ[V PU[LY]LUJP}U WYVW\LZ[H
KLSVZHY[PZ[HZ
,Z[HZ KVZ HUtJKV[HZ ZP[HU SH
HYN\TLU[HJP}U JVU SH X\L X\PLYV
PUPJPHYLZ[L[L_[V,ZHZLUZHJP}UX\L
ZL]P]LLUU\LZ[YVZWHxZLZKLX\LSH
J\S[\YH LZ \UV KL LZVZ WYVISLTHZ
ZLJ\UKHYPVZ ` KL SVZ X\L WVKLTVZ
VJ\WHYUVZKLZW\tZ<UH]PZP}UKVU
KL SH *\S[\YH [HS ` JVTV M\L JVUZ
[Y\PKHWVYJPLY[VZWSHU[LHTPLU[VZKL
SHTVKLYUPKHKYLK\JPKHHSHY[LWYL
VJ\WHKH JVTV ZL|HS} 2HU[ LU LS
?=000WVYSVILSSV`SVZ\ISPTL*H
WHaKLSSL]HYUVZHSH[YHZJLUKLUJPH
8\Pam LZ WVY LSSV X\L LS *VU
ZLQV 5HJPVUHS WHYH SH *\S[\YH ` LS
(Y[L *65*<3;<9( YLJPIP} LU
SVZ UPJVZ M\UJPVUHYPVZ WYLZLU[LZ
WLY[LULJxHUH*65*<3;<9(5PLS
WYLZPKLU[LKLSH9LWISPJHSH=PJL
WYLZPKLU[HVHSTLUVZLS4PUPZ[YVKL
;\YPZTVX\LKLOLJOVLZWHY[LKLS
*VUZLQV;tJUPJV*VUZ\S[P]VZLLU
JVU[YHIHUWYLZLU[LZWHYHKHYMLX\L
LULMLJ[VSHJ\S[\YHLZ\UHHW\LZ[H
KLSNVIPLYUV:LLUJVU[YHIHUHSN\
UVZ YLWYLZLU[HU[LZ KL SH ZVJPLKHK
JP]PS WLYV ZVIYL [VKV KLS NYLTPV
HY[xZ[PJVTmZX\LKLV[YVZZLJ[VYLZ
X\LSSL]HYHUHWLUZHYX\LSHJ\S[\YH
LZLU[LUKPKHJVTV\UWYVJLZVHT
WSPVHUJSHKVLUSHZJVUZ[Y\JJPVULZ
` SH ZPTIVSPaHJP}U KL SHZ WLYZVUHZ
LUZ\]PKHJV[PKPHUH;HTIPtUX\Pam
LZ WVY LZ[H ]PZP}U KL J\S[\YH JVTV
HSNV YLK\JPKV ` UHKH \YNLU[L X\L
LS 7SHU KL .VIPLYUV WYLZLU[HKV
WVYLS-YLU[L-HYHI\UKV4HY[xWHYH
SH 3PILYHJP}U 5HJPVUHS -435
4HY[xULa  WHYH LZ[HZ U\L]HZ
LSLJJPVULZ KP]PKL Z\ WYVW\LZ[H LU
J\H[YVWHY[LZUPUN\UHKLSHZJ\HSLZ
OHJLHS\ZP}UL_WSxJP[HHSmTIP[VKL
SV J\S[\YHS X\L TmZ IPLU ZLYm \U
Z\IJVTWVULU[L KLS HUmSPZPZ ` HS
X\L ZL SL KLKPJHYmU \UH WmNPUH `
TLKPHL_WSxJP[HKLSHZX\LJVU
MVYTHULSKVJ\TLU[V7VZPISLTLU[L
SH S[PTH NLZ[P}U \U  KLS
7YLZ\W\LZ[V .LULYHS KL SH 5HJP}U
WHYH H[LUKLY Z\Z JHZP  JHZHZ KL
SH J\S[\YH LU LS WHxZ ` LU ,Z[HKVZ
<UPKVZ SSL]HY H JHIV W\ISPJHJPV
ULZ V [YHIHQHY LU PU]LZ[PNHJPVULZ
HU[YVWVS}NPJHZ`HYX\LVS}NPJHZX\L
WLYTP[HU JVTWYLUKLY TLQVY U\LZ
[YVZWYVJLZVZJ\S[\YHSLZ7\LKLX\L
JVU LSSV ZL L_WSPX\L X\L K\YHU[L
SHWYLZLU[HJP}UKLSKVJ\TLU[V3H
J\S[\YH HW\LZ[H UHJPVUHS 
240 Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea
LZ[HTHULYHKLZP[\HYZL\UWHxZHU[L
SH YLHSPKHK J\S[\YHS SSL]L H X\L \U
WLYP}KPJV JVTV 3H 7YLUZH .YmJH
YLJVY[L Z\ ZLJJP}U J\S[\YH X\L PU
KLWLUKPLU[L KL SHZ JYx[PJHZ X\L WV
KxHU OHJLYZL H LZL [PWV WHY[PJ\SHY `
YLK\JPKVKLWLYPVKPZTVJ\S[\YHSOH
WHZHKVHZLY\UHZLJJP}ULZWVYmKPJH
,Z[LLZW\LZLSW\U[VKLWHY[PKH
KLS WYLZLU[L LUZH`V 3H J\S[\YH UV
ZL LUJ\LU[YH ZP[\HKH LU SH HNLUKH
WISPJHJVTV\UHKPZJ\ZP}UM\UKH [\YHKL]PLULPKLVSVNxH`HSPLUHJP}U

Revista Realidad 120, 2009

TLU[HSKLSHZVJPLKHKZHS]HKVYL|H WHYH SVZ JVUZLY]HKVYLZ SH ZVJPLKHK
4PLU[YHZ ZL UVZ ]H LS KxH H KxH LU KL THZHZ KL]PUV LU KLJHKLUJPH `
YLZVS]LYSVZWYVISLTHZKLSHLJVUV WtYKPKHKL]HSVYLZ,UHTIVZJHZVZ
TxH SH JYPZPZ V KL SH PUZLN\YPKHK" SH JVUKLUH H JPLY[V mTIP[V KL SV
TPLU[YHZ HUHSPaHTVZ KLZKL SHZ J\S[\YHSLZ[t[PJVLZUV[VYPH
JH[LNVYxHZ WVSx[PJHZ SV X\L PTWSPJH
(SYL]PZHYSVZKVZWSHULZKLJ\S
LZ[LJHTIPVLULSNVIPLYUVOLTVZ
[\YHLSLZ[HISLJPKVWVYLSNVIPLYUV
KLQHKV`HKLWYLN\U[HYUVZX\t[PWV
HU[LYPVY KLZKL *65*<3;<9( `
KLZVJPLKHKX\LYLTVZ]P]PY`LUX\t
SH IYL]L WYVW\LZ[H LU\UJPHKH WVY
[PWV KL UHJP}U UVZ OLTVZ ]LUPKV
LS WSHU KL NVIPLYUV KLS U\L]V NV
JVUZ[P[\`LUKV /LTVZ KLQHKV KL
IPLYUV KLS -435 ZL LUJ\LU[YHU
WYLN\U[HYUVZ WVY SH TLTVYPH X\L
HSN\UHZKP]LYNLUJPHZZVIYLHJJPVULZ
UVZLZJVTU`LSVS]PKVX\LOLTVZ
LZWLJxJHZ WLYV [HTIPtU ZL LU
I\ZJHKVSVZNLZ[VZSVZZ\L|VZSVZ
J\LU[YHU \UH ZLYPL KL ZLTLQHUaHZ
WSHJLYLZ V KVSVYLZ X\L UVZ OHJLU
M\UKHTLU[HSLZ X\L WHZHU WVY KVZ
ZLU[PYUVZWHY[LKL\UJVSLJ[P]V5V
ZP[PVZ! WYPTLYV \UH ZLYPL KL LU\U
ZHILTVZ ZP X\LYLTVZ V UV JVUZLY
JPHKVZX\L]PZPIPSPaHUJSHYHTLU[LLS
]HYSVZ ` LU HSN\UVZ TVTLU[VZ ZL
mTIP[V KL SHZ HY[LZ JVTV LS ZLJ[VY
LZJ\JOHU ]VJLZ KL HSLY[H X\L OH
M\UKHTLU[HSKLSVZWYVJLZVZJ\S[\
ISHUKLJ}TVJPLY[HPKLU[PKHKLU
YHSLZ (S ]PZPIPSPaHY LZ[L mTIP[V ZL
LSMVUKVKLZJVUVJPKHZLUVZLZJHWH
PU]PZPIPSPaHU V[YVZ M\UKHTLU[HSLZ
KL SHZ THUVZ ,U LZ[VZ TVTLU[VZ
JVTV SHZ PUK\Z[YPHZ J\S[\YHSLZ X\L
LU LS X\L LS WHxZ LU[YH H \U U\L]V
ZP IPLU LU LS WHxZ ZVU TxUPTHZ UV
TVTLU[V LU Z\ WYVJLZV KL JVUZ
ZVU JVUZPKLYHKHZ JVTV \U mTIP[V
[Y\JJP}U KLTVJYm[PJH IPLU ]HSL SH
KLPU[LY]LUJP}UV]PZPIPSPaHUJPLY[VZ
WLUHKPZJ\[PYZVIYLSVZWYVJLZVZKL
mTIP[VZKLSVWVW\SHY`LSMVSRSVYL
ZPTIVSPaHJP}U X\L UVZ JVUZ[P[\`LU
WLYV UV ZL JVUZPKLYHU JVTV WHY[L
`OHJPHK}UKLX\LYLTVZSSL]HYSVZ
KL SV J\S[\YHS! mTIP[VZ JVTV SH
@ LZ[L LZ LS W\U[V KL SSLNH JPLUJPH X\L LZ VIQL[V KL HUmSPZPZ
KH <UH WYV]VJHJP}U /HJL `H ZLWHYHKVZ JVTV ZP SH [tJUPJH `
]HYPVZ H|VZ LU   LS S}ZVMV JPLY[VZ WYVJLZVZ KL ZHILY UV JVUZ
JVSVTIPHUVLZWH|VS 1LZZ 4HY[xU [Y\`LYHUJ\S[\YH
)HYILYV   LZJHUKHSPa} H HS
3HZLN\UKHJVU]LYNLUJPHLUSHZ
N\UVZ ZL|HSHUKV LU LS JHTWV KL
WYVW\LZ[HZLZ[HISLJPKHZ[HU[VKLZKL
SH JVT\UPJHJP}U SV X\L `H V[YVZ
SHKLYLJOHJVTVSHPaX\PLYKHWVSx[P
OHIxHU TLUJPVUHKV KLZKL V[YHZ
JHLZJVUZPKLYHY\UH]PZP}UJ\S[\YHS
KPZJPWSPUHZ! X\L LU Z\ JVUJLWJP}U
X\LWYP]PSLNPHLSHWYLUKPaHQLMVYTHS
[L}YPJH ZVIYL SH THZPJHJP}U KL SH
KL SHZ HY[LZ JVTV \U mTIP[V ZLYPV
ZVJPLKHK [HU[V SH PaX\PLYKH JVTV
ZPZ[LTm[PJV LZ[Y\J[\YHKV   X\L
SH KLYLJOH [LUxHU \UH ]PZP}U T\`
WVY \U SHKV ]\LS]L H JVUZPKLYHY SH
ZPTPSHY:PWHYHSVZTHY_PZ[HZSHJ\S
J\S[\YH JVTV \U WYVJLZV KL KPZ

Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea 241

 [PUJP}U )V\YKPL\  ` WVY LS X\L SVZ PS\Z[YHKVZ JVUZ[Y\`LYVU KL
Revista Realidad 120, 2009

V[YV KLQH KL SHKV LS mTIP[V KL SV
ZLUZVYPHS ` SV KPVUPZxHJV JVTV \U
LSLTLU[V PUULNVJPHISL KL SH L_WL
YPLUJPHLZ[t[PJH
,Z[L LUZH`V JVUZ[H KL [YLZ WHY
[LZ 3HZ JVUZPKLYHJPVULZ PUPJPHSLZ
X\L T\LZ[YHU LS W\U[V KL WHY[PKH!
SH J\S[\YH JVTV \U mTIP[V WVJV
KPZJ\[PKV ` JVUZPKLYHKV KL SH ]PKH
UHJPVUHSS\LNV\UIYL]LHUmSPZPZKL
SVZKVZKVJ\TLU[VZ`Z\ZWYVW\LZ
[HZKLNLZ[P}UJ\S[\YHS\UHYL]PZP}U
KL J}TV KLZKL SH WVSx[PJH ZL ZPN\L
WYP]PSLNPHUKV SH ]PZP}U TVKLYUH
SH J\S[\YH K\YHU[L SVZ ZPNSVZ ?=00 `
?=000WLUZHUKVX\LLZHJ\S[\YHUVZ
SSL]HYxH HS WYVNYLZV \UH *\S[\YH
LUZPUN\SHY`LUTH`ZJ\SHX\LZL
KPZJ\[L KLZKL LS SLUN\HQL LZJYP[V
X\LPU]PZPIPSPaH`UPLNHSHZT\JOHZ
`TS[PWSLZVYHSPKHKLZWHYHUHSPaHY
JVU \UH WYPTLYH WYVW\LZ[H KL X\t
HJJPVULZKLILYxHUZLYJVUZPKLYHKHZ
LU SH KPZJ\ZP}U ZVIYL J\S[\YH 7HYH
LSSVZLWYVWVUL\UKLJmSVNVPUPJPHS
TmZX\LJVU\UZLU[PKVKLTHUKH
TPLU[VZVKVNTHZJVTV\ULQLYJP
JPVKLYLL_P}U`WYV]VJHJP}U

/DVSURSXHVWDVSROtWLFDV

A otro nivel ciertamente, pero en una direccin bien cercana, se halla la condena que
hace Lukcs de la modernidad por disolver la forma y mezclar, confundir los gneros. Los
parecidos con la apocalptica y conservadora teora de la decadencia cultural de la sociedad
de masas conguran una extraa coincidencia.
Jess Martn Barbero

/
H`\UH[YHTWHHSJVTWHYHY
\U KVJ\TLU[V WYVNYHTm
[PJV [HU NLULYHS JVTV LZ
\U WSHU KL NVIPLYUV JVU \U KVJ\
TLU[V KL JHYmJ[LY TmZ LZWLJxJV
X\LHKLTmZ[PLULJVTVZ\Z[LU[V\U
KPHNU}Z[PJV KL SVZ WVZPJPVUHTPLU
[VZ ZVIYL SH J\S[\YH ` LS JVUZ\TV
J\S[\YHS KLS WHxZ *65*<3;<9(
:PULTIHYNVJVTV\ULQLY
JPJPVHJHKtTPJVJYLVX\LZHS]HUKV
SHZKPZ[HUJPHZZLW\LKLPUPJPHY\UH
KPZJ\ZP}U TmZ HTWSPH ZVIYL SHZ
MYVU[LYHZ`SVZSxTP[LZKLSVJ\S[\YHS
+VZWYVW\LZ[HZX\PZPLYHYLZHS[HY
KLS KVJ\TLU[V KLS -435 3H WYP
TLYH LZ SH WVZPIPSPKHK KL LSL]HY H
YHUNVTPUPZ[LYPHSSHPUZ[P[\JPVUHSPKHK
X\LZLLUJHYNHKLSmTIP[VJ\S[\YHS
SV X\L JVUSSL]H H YLJVUVJLY SH \Y
NLUJPH KL \UH YLPUNLUPLYxH ` H SH
YLHKLJ\HJP}UUVZVSVKLSHWHY[PKH
WYLZ\W\LZ[HYPH N\ILYUHTLU[HS X\L
LZ \UH KL SHZ NYHUKLZ KLIPSPKHKLZ
ZPUV KL SH LZ[Y\J[\YH TPZTH WVY
HOVYH KP]PKPKH LU J\H[YV KPYLJJPV
ULZ X\L YLZWVUKLU H \UH ]PZP}U
JSmZPJH KL SH NLZ[P}U J\S[\YHS 3H
ZLN\UKH LZ X\L LU Z\Z WVSx[PJHZ ZL
ZL|HSHU\L]HTLU[LSHULJLZPKHKKL
\UU\L]VKPHNU}Z[PJVWHYHSHJ\S[\
YH`\UU\L]VWYVJLZVKLJVUJLY[H
JP}U UHJPVUHS ZVIYL \U [LTH X\L

242 Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea

JVU [VKV ZPN\L LZ[HUKV WLUKPLU[L SVZ WYVJLZVZ TmZ THZPJHKVZ KL

Revista Realidad 120, 2009

LUSHHNLUKH SH J\S[\YH SVZ X\L SSL]HU H UP]LSLZ
H ]LJLZ L_HZWLYHU[LZ KL JVUZ\TV
(TIVZKVJ\TLU[VZJVUZ[P[\`LU
WLYVHSTPZTV[PLTWVSVZTmZJV[P
\UWHZVM\UKHTLU[HSLUSHKPZJ\ZP}U
KPHUVZ`KLZKLSVZJ\HSLZT\JOHKL
ZVIYL SV J\S[\YHS ` Z\Z PTWSPJHJPV
SHWVISHJP}UZHS]HKVYL|HJVUZ[Y\`L
ULZ ,S KVJ\TLU[V N\ILYUHTLU[HS
ZLU[PKV7VYV[YVSHKVLULSTPZTV
ZLLSHIVYHHWHY[PYKLJ\H[YVJHTWVZ
KVJ\TLU[VLZ[H[HSWVJVZLKPJLKL
KL HJJP}U! WYVK\JJP}U ` TLTVYPH
J}TVLULSmTIP[VKLSHLJVUVTxH
KLZJLU[YHSPaHJP}U ` [YHUZUHJPVUHSP
LZ[mU WVY \U SHKV SHZ NHUHUJPHZ
aHJP}U WHY[PJPWHJP}U ` HJJLZV H SH
X\LLMLJ[P]HTLU[LNLULYHSHJ\S[\YH
J\S[\YHLPUZ[P[\JPVUHSPKHKJ\S[\YHS
WLYVWVYLSV[YVOH`\U]HSVYHNYL
,SKVJ\TLU[VKLS-435ZLJVTWV
NHKV X\L [PLUL X\L ]LY JVU J}TV
UL KL \U VIQL[P]V ` KVJL WVSx[PJHZ
LZ[H JVUZ[Y\JJP}U KL ]xUJ\SVZ `
KLHJJP}U5VL_WSPJHYtLSHIVYKHQL
JP\KHKHUxHKLZKLSVZPTI}SPJVUHS
KLKPJOVZKVJ\TLU[VZZPUVX\LTL
TLU[LYLWLYJ\[LIHQHUKVSVZxUKPJLZ
VJ\WHYtKPYLJ[HTLU[LKLZL|HSHYSVZ
KL]PVSLUJPHKLPUZLN\YPKHKL[JSV
W\U[VZLUJVTU`HWHY[PYKLLSSV
X\LYLWLYJ\[L[HTIPtULULSmTIP[V
W\U[\HSPaHYHSN\UVZmTIP[VZX\LUV
TmZMVYTHSKLLZ[H
ZVU[VTHKVZLUJ\LU[H
(TIVZ KVJ\TLU[VZ OHJLU
<UWYPTLYW\U[VX\LLUJ\LU[YV
HS\ZP}U H SH TLTVYPH ` SH OPZ[VYPH
KPS\PKVLUHTIVZKVJ\TLU[VZLZSH
JVTV \U mTIP[V JVUZ[P[\[P]V KL
YLJ\WLYHJP}UKL\UHKLSHZKPTLU
SH PKLU[PKHK J\S[\YHS ,S KVJ\TLU
ZPVULZM\UKHTLU[HSLZKLSHJ\S[\YH
[V KLS -435 OHJL \U tUMHZPZ LU
X\L LZ LS mTIP[V ZPTI}SPJV KL SH
YLZJH[HY SHZ J\S[\YHZ ]P]HZ ` ZVIYL
]PKH ZVJPHS ,U LS KVJ\TLU[V KL
[VKV YL]HSVYPaHY LS HJLY]V J\S[\YHS
*65*<3;<9( ZL OHJL tUMHZPZ LU
KL SVZ W\LISVZ UH[\YHSLZ JVTV SH
LSHZWLJ[VKLSHLJVUVTxHLULSKLS
YHxa \UH ]PZP}U LZLUJPHSPZ[H KVUKL
-435ZLPUZPZ[LLUSVZmTIP[VZTV
SH UHJP}U ZL JVUZ[Y\`L KLZKL \U
KLYUVZ JYLH[P]PKHK HU[YVWVSVNxH
WHZHKV JVTU ,U LZ[L ZLU[PKV SH
SPUNxZ[PJH HYX\LVSVNxH OPZ[VYPH
UHJP}UPTHNPUHKH(UKLYZVU
HY[L KPZJPWSPUHZ JVUZ[P[\PKHZ LU SH
LZ \UH X\L M\L WLYV X\L `H UV
KP]PZP}U PUZ[H\YHKH KLZKL LS ?=00 `
L_PZ[L (TIVZ KVJ\TLU[VZ OHJLU
X\L >HSSLYZ[LPU YLZL|H KL THULYH
\UtUMHZPZPTWVY[HU[LLUSVZWYVJL
[HUJSHYHWLYVUVZLHUV[HKLTH
ZVZKLSVZJYLHKVYLZJ\S[\YHSLZ`SH
ULYHL]PKLU[L]PZPISLX\LSHJ\S[\YH
ULJLZPKHKKLX\LZLHUJHWHJP[HKVZ
WHZH WVY SVZ WYVJLZVZ ZPTI}SPJVZ
:PU LTIHYNV UV ZL ]\LS]L ]PZPISL
` LZ KLZKL HOx KVUKL ZL Q\LNH SH
LU UPUN\UH KL LZ[HZ WYVW\LZ[HZ SH
JHWHJPKHK KL YLWYLZLU[HJP}U KLS
ULJLZPKHKKLX\L[VKHZ`[VKVZSVZ
]xUJ\SV LU[YL SVZ JP\KHKHUVZ ` KLS
JP\KHKHUVZ KL]LUNHU JYLHKVYLZ
ZLU[PTPLU[V KL WLY[LULUJPH H \UH
JVUZ[Y\J[VYLZ KL Z\Z WYVWPHZ UHYYH
JVT\UPKHK5VOH`\UHYLMLYLUJPH
[P]HZ,ZKLJPYZPIPLUOH`WLYZVUHZ
HS mTIP[V KL SH JVT\UPJHJP}U KL

Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea 243

 X\L KLKPJHYmU \U [PLTWV TH`VY LU LZ[L ZLU[PKV LS MVY[HSLJPTPLU[V
Revista Realidad 120, 2009

KL Z\ ]PKH H SH JYLHJP}U HY[xZ[PJH X\PamTmZIPLUSHJVUZ[Y\JJP}UKL

KL HSN\UH THULYH [VKVZ WVKLTVZ SHZ PUK\Z[YPHZ J\S[\YHSLZ UHJPVUHSLZ
KPZMY\[HY KL HWYVWPHYUVZ KL U\L]HZ X\L WLYTP[HU Q\Z[HTLU[L WYVK\JPY
UHYYH[P]HZ`JVU[HYU\LZ[YHZWYVWPHZ JYLHYYLZJH[HYSHTLTVYPH[YHUZUH
OPZ[VYPHZ KVJ\TLU[HY SVZ WYVJLZVZ JPVUHSPaHY`HJJLKLYKLZKLT\JOVZ
SVJHSLZ`SHZ]P]LUJPHZJVSLJ[P]HZ mTIP[VZ H \UH UHYYH[P]H J\S[\YHS
WYVWPH X\L UVZ WLYTP[H JVUZ[Y\PY
4mZ X\L OHISHY KL J}TV ZL
SHZ KPZ[PU[HZ PKLU[PKHKLZ J\S[\YHSLZ
[PLUL X\L [YHIHQHY LU HW\U[HSHY SH
ZHS]HKVYL|HZ :P IPLU LU HTIVZ
PKLU[PKHK J\S[\YHS LU ZPUN\SHY LZ
KVJ\TLU[VZ OH` TLUJPVULZ ZVIYL
PTWVY[HU[L PU[YVK\JPY SH KPZJ\ZP}U
SH JVT\UPKHK ZHS]HKVYL|H LU LS
ZVIYLSHZTS[PWSLZ`KP]LYZHZPKLU
L_[LYPVY ZLYm I\LUV LZ[HISLJLY HJ
[PKHKLZ J\S[\YHSLZ X\L ZPU LTIHY
JPVULZ TmZ JSHYHZ LU YLSHJP}U JVU
NV UVZ ]HU SSL]HUKV H W\U[VZ KL
LZ[HJVYYLZWVUZHIPSPKHKLUSHJVUZ
LUJ\LU[YV V H \UH N\YH TH`VY H
[Y\JJP}UKLSHZPTIVSVNxHJ\S[\YHS`
WHY[PY KL SVZ T\JOVZ JVSVYLZ ` MVY
SHPKLU[PKHKKLSHUHJP}U
THZHSTLQVYLZ[PSVKLSHPTHNLUKL
JVUZ[LSHJP}UKL>HS[LY)LUQHTPU *VTWYLUKLY SHZ S}NPJHZ HKTP
UPZ[YH[P]HZ PUK\Z[YPHSPaHKHZ KL SH
/H` \U mTIP[V X\L HTIVZ
J\S[\YH [HTIPtU PTWSPJH KPZJ\[PY `
WSHU[LHTPLU[VZOHUKLQHKVKLSHKV
[LULYT\`WYLZLU[LZSVX\LZ\JLKL
` X\L TL WHYLJL M\UKHTLU[HS! SHZ
JVU SVZ [YH[HKVZ KL SPIYL JVTLYJPV
PUK\Z[YPHZJ\S[\YHSLZ0UKLWLUKPLU[L
` SH YLSHJP}U J\S[\YHS LU \U T\U
TLU[LX\LZLLZ[tVUVKLHJ\LYKV
KV X\L JHKH ]La ZL UVZ ]\LS]L
JVU LZ[H JH[LNVYxH HJ\|HKH WVY SH
TmZ HIHYJHISL ,S KVJ\TLU[V KL
,ZJ\LSH KL -YHURM\Y[ UV LZ WVZPISL
*65*<3;<9( [YHIHQH LS [LTH KL
LZ[HISLJLY\UHKPZJ\ZP}UJ\S[\YHSZL
SH KLZJLU[YHSPaHJP}U ` [YHUZUHJPV
YPHZPUWHZHYWVYSVX\L1LZZ4HY[xU
UHSPaHJP}U" JYLV X\L \U W\U[V H
)HYILYV`.LYTHU9L`OHUZL|HSH
M\[\YVX\LKLILZLYKPZJ\[PKVLZSH
KVJVTVHOPDOGHRMRGHORVLQWH
THULYH J}TV SVZ [YH[HKVZ KL SPIYL
OHFWXDOHV ,Z[VLZSHJVUZ[HU[L
JVTLYJPVX\L,S:HS]HKVYOHYTH
KPZ[HUJPH X\L ZL THU[PLUL OHJPH
KVJVUSSL]HU\UHJPLY[HNLZ[P}UKLS
SVZ TLKPVZ THZP]VZ LU WHY[PJ\SHY
JVUVJPTPLU[V`LS[LTHKLSVZKLYL
KL SH [LSL]PZP}U ,U LS KVJ\TLU[V
JOVZKLH\[VY,U\U[LYYP[VYPVKLZ
KLS-435OH`\UHHS\ZP}UX\LL_
JLU[YHSPaHKV ` [YHUZUHJPVUHS LZ[VZ
WSPJH X\L OH` X\L KLTVJYH[PaHY
KVZ mTIP[VZ ZVU M\UKHTLU[HSLZ LU
YLLUJH\aHY ` MVY[HSLJLY SVZ TLKPVZ
SH KPZJ\ZP}U ZVIYL SV J\S[\YHS ` UV
KL JVT\UPJHJP}U KLS ,Z[HKV ` SVZ
ZVU[VTHKVZLUJ\LU[HLUUPUN\UV
TLKPVZ KL JVT\UPJHJP}U JVT\UP
KLSVZKVJ\TLU[VZ
[HYPVZ H UP]LS UHJPVUHS ZL KLQHU
KLSHKVSVZTLKPVZJVTLYJPHSLZX\L (TIVZ KVJ\TLU[VZ OHJLU
[PLULU \UH NYHU PU\LUJPH LU SH tUMHZPZ LU KVZ HJ[VYLZ HS ZL|HSHY SH
WVISHJP}U,ZULJLZHYPVJVUZPKLYHY WHY[PJPWHJP}U ` HJJLZV H SH J\S[\

244 Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea

YH! UP|VZ ` Q}]LULZ :PU LTIHYNV
KL U\L]V LZ[H ]PZP}U ZL ]\LS]L
[YHKPJPVUHS ` UV ZL UVTIYHU V[YVZ
HJ[VYLZ ZVJPHSLZ X\L ZLN\YHTLU[L
W\LKLU KPZMY\[HY T\` IPLU KL SH
J\S[\YHWPLUZVLUSVZQ\IPSHKVZSVZ
TLTVYPVZVZSVZX\LSSL]HUU\LZ[YH
OPZ[VYPH`X\LLU[YHUKVLUJVU[HJ[V
JVU SHZ U\L]HZ NLULYHJPVULZ W\L
KLU H`\KHY H JVUZ[Y\PY \UH ZVJPL
KHK TmZ [VSLYHU[L SVZ PUKxNLUHZ
UV ZVSV JVTV N\HYKPHULZ KL \UH
WHY[LKLU\LZ[YHZYHxJLZZPUVJVTV
HJ[VYLZ JV[PKPHUVZ JVU Z\Z WYVWPHZ
S}NPJHZ[PLTWVZJVZTV]PZPVULZPU
]PZPIPSPaHKVZLUT\JOVZTVTLU[VZ
KLZKL SHZ KPZJ\ZPVULZ KL SH J\S[\YH
`TmZIPLUYLK\JPKVZHSmTIP[VKL
SVWVW\SHYSHNLU[LJVUJHWHJPKH
KLZ LZWLJPHSLZ X\L T\JOHZ ]LJLZ
LUJ\LU[YH H [YH]tZ KLS HY[L V[YHZ
THULYHZKLJVU[HYUVZX\PtULZZVU
` V[YVZ NY\WVZ TmZ X\L ZP IPLU UV
ZVU SVZ WYV[HN}UPJVZ W\LZ W\LKLU
ZLYTLUJPVUHKVZ,SKVJ\TLU[VKL
*65*<3;<9( OHJL HKLTmZ \U
tUMHZPZM\UKHTLU[HSLUSHULJLZPKHK
KL YLZJH[HY SH SLJ[\YH 0N\HS X\L SV
X\LZ\JLKLJVUSVZHJ[VYLZ[HTIPtU
YLZ\S[H M\UKHTLU[HS X\L ZL OHNH
TLUJP}U KL SH ULJLZPKHK KL JVUZ
[Y\PY U\L]HZ UHYYH[P]HZ KLZKL SVZ
'HFiORJRGHUHIOH[LRQHVLQLFLDOHV
: L W\LKL PY TmZ HSSm KL
SHZ JVUJLWJPVULZ PS\Z[YH
KHZ [YHKPJPVUHSLZ ZVIYL SH
J\S[\YHSHLZ[t[PJH`Z\S\NHYLUSH
ZVJPLKHK& :L W\LKL JVUZ[Y\PY \UH
WYVW\LZ[HHS[LYUH[P]H`KPZ[PU[HZVIYL
Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea
TS[PWSLZ SLUN\HQLZ X\L [LULTVZ
Revista Realidad 120, 2009
3H ULJLZPKHK KL YLZJH[HY U\LZ[YH
[YHKPJP}UVYHS`KLKHYSLZ\S\NHY`
Z\]HSVYMLZ[P]HSLZKLJVU[HKVYLZKL
J\LU[VZLZ[HZ[YHKPJPVUHSLZ[LH[YVZ
WVW\SHYLZYHKPVZJVT\UP[HYPHZX\L
Zx ZVU TLUJPVUHKHZ LZ[HZ S[PTHZ
LU LS KVJ\TLU[V KL SH PaX\PLYKH
SHPTWVY[HUJPHKLJVUZ[Y\PYU\LZ[YVZ
WYVWPVZ KPZJ\YZVZ H\KPV]PZ\HSLZ
OPWLY[L_[\HSLZL[J
:P IPLU OH` JPLY[VZ tUMHZPZ LU
JHKHKVJ\TLU[VWHYLJLX\LSVZW\U
[VZ KL WHY[PKH ZVU SVZ TPZTVZ <UH
JVUJLWJP}UKLJ\S[\YHX\LZL|HSHSHZ
HY[LZJVUZ[P[\PKHZLULSZPNSV?0?WLYV
X\LUVJVSVJHLUKPZJ\ZP}USHJVUZ
[Y\JJP}U ZPTI}SPJH X\L ZL WYVK\JL
HWHY[PYKLSVZTLKPVZKLJVT\UPJH
JP}U<UHYLL_P}UX\LJVUZPKLYHSH
J\S[\YHKLTHZHZJVTV\UHHTLUHaH
` X\L TmZ IPLU WYLLYL PY OHJPH SHZ
FXOWXUDV RULJLQDULDV ORV YDORUHV ORV
SXHEORV QDWXUDOHV \UH JVUJLWJP}U
X\LZLLUYHxaHLULSWHZHKV`UVLU
LS WYLZLU[L X\L ZL WYLVJ\WH WVY SH
WtYKPKHTmZX\LWVYSHZU\L]HZJVUZ
[Y\JJPVULZLZ[t[PJHZ<UHHW\LZ[HX\L
[VKH]xHULJLZP[HKPZJ\[PYJVU(KVYUV
ZP OD GHFDGHQFLD GH OD FXOWXUD HV VX
SXUROOHJDUDVtPLVPD
SVJ\S[\YHSZVIYLSHL_WLYPLUJPHLZ[t[P
JH&3HKPZJ\ZP}U[LUKYxHX\LLTWLaHY
WVYWSHU[LHYUVZTmZHSSmKL]PZPVULZ
WH[YPTVUPHSPZ[HZVPS\Z[YHKHZZVIYLSH
J\S[\YH,UKPmSVNVJVUSHZWYVW\LZ
[HZ t[PJHZ ` LZ[t[PJHZ WYVWVUNV LZ[H
245
 WYPTLYHWYV]VJHJP}UKL\UKLJmSVNV
Revista Realidad 120, 2009
X\L JVUKLUZL SHZ HNLUKHZ \YNLU[LZ
ZVIYLSHYLL_P}UJ\S[\YHS
*DQDUVHHOGHUHFKRDODHVFXFKD
:L OHISH T\JOV KLS KLYLJOV H
SH WHSHIYH H KLJPY SH SPILY[HK X\L
ZPN\L ZPLUKV JVUZPKLYHKH \UV KL
SVZ IPLULZ TmZ WYLJPHKVZ 7VJV ZL
KPJL ZPU LTIHYNV X\L [HTIPtU LZ
M\UKHTLU[HS LS KLYLJOV H SH LZJ\
JOH \U KLYLJOV X\L ZL JVUX\PZ[H
X\LZLNHUH,Z[HPTHNLUTLWHYLJL
PU[LYLZHU[L7\LZJVSVJH\UYL[VM\U
KHTLU[HS WHYH X\PLULZ [YHIHQHTVZ
[LTHZ YLSHJPVUHKVZ JVU SH J\S[\YH!
WVZPJPVUHY LS [LTH J\S[\YHS 5HKPL
JVTWYLUKLYmSHPTWVY[HUJPHKLLZ[H
KPZJ\ZP}U ZP UV ZL PUPJPH ` KLZWV
QmUKVZLKLHYYVNHUJPHZ`THSLU[LU
KPKVZ ZL JVUZPN\L LS KLYLJOV H SH
LZJ\JOH`ZLJVSVJHLUSHHNLUKHKL
KPZJ\ZP}ULSmTIP[VKLSVJ\S[\YHS
/DFXOWXUDHVRUGLQDULD
:L [PLUL LU T\JOVZ TVTLU[VZ
SH [LU[HJP}U KL THU[LULY SH ]PZP}U
TVKLYUH L PS\Z[YHKH KL SH J\S[\YH
:PULTIHYNVZPZLX\PLYLJVSVJHYLS
[LTHLUSHKPZJ\ZP}UKLSHZVJPLKHK
LZULJLZHYPVYLJVYKHYQ\U[VJVU9H
`TVUK>PSSPHTZ X\LZPIPLU
LS[tYTPUVJ\S[\YHLZ\UVKLSVZTmZ
KPMxJPSLZ KL KLUPY V JVU )H\THU
 X\L OH` ]HYPHZ KLUPJPVULZ
X\L JVU]LYNLU LU \U TPZTV ZPNUP
JHU[L" ]HSL PUZPZ[PY X\L OD FXOWXUD
HVRUGLQDULDZLJVUZ[P[\`LKLZKLSH
]PKH JV[PKPHUH ` Z\ JLU[YHSPKHK :P
\UH OLYLUJPH UVZ W\LKLU KLQHY SHZ
]HUN\HYKPHZ`SHYLL_P}UKLV[YVZ
[L}YPJVZ JVTV SVZ MYHURM\Y[PHUVZ
V LS TPZTV )YLJO[ LZ X\L LS HY[L
246 Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea
[PLUL T\JOV X\L KLJPY H SH ]PKH `
ZP WLYTP[PTVZ LZ[L KPmSVNV LUJVU
[YHYLTVZ U\L]VZ JHTPUVZ WHYH SVZ
WYVJLZVZLTHUJPWH[VYPVZX\LZPN\LU
ZPLUKV\YNLU[LZLU*LU[YVHTtYPJH
0iVTXHHQVHxDUVHODFXOWXUD
GHEH UHIOH[LRQDUVH GHVGH VX FRQV
WUXFFLyQHQORVSURFHVRVHGXFDWLYRV
<U HWVY[L M\UKHTLU[HS X\L
KLZKLSHHJHKLTPH`SVZmTIP[VZKL
SHLK\JHJP}UMVYTHSW\LKLUSSL]HYZL
H JHIV 3H KPZJ\ZP}U KL J}TV ZL
ZP[H SH YLL_P}U ZVIYL SV J\S[\YHS
J}TV ZL JVUZ[P[\`L LZWHJPV KPUm
TPJV JHTIPHU[L LU WLYTHULU[L
JVUZ[Y\JJP}U ` J}TV KLZKL SH LZ
J\LSH ZL KLIL HWYLUKLY H JVUZ[Y\PY
ZPNUPJHKVZ H JVU[HY Z\Z WYVWPHZ
UHYYH[P]HZ PKLU[PKHKLZ OPZ[VYPHZ `
TLTVYPHZ ,Z M\UKHTLU[HS YL]PZHY
L_WLYPLUJPHZ WHYH SH ]HSVYHJP}U KL
SHZKP]LYZHZJ\S[\YHZ
 5HFXSHUDU OD GLPHQVLyQ HVWpWLFD
GH OD YLGD ` LZ[V PTWSPJH YLJ\WLYHY
SH L_WLYPLUJPH KPUVZxHJH X\L [HU
KLZKPI\QHKH ZL LUJ\LU[YH LU ZVJPL
KHKLZ JVTV SHZ U\LZ[YHZ 5PL[ZaJOL
SV ZL|HS} KL THULYH JVU[\UKLU[L
:PIPLULUSHZZVJPLKHKLZKLSWYPTLY
T\UKV `H ZL OHISH KL SVZ KLYLJOVZ
HS NVJL ` HS KPZMY\[L LU U\LZ[YVZ
WHxZLZ [VKH]xH WHYLJL L_PZ[PY JVTV
SVZL|HS}LSJOPSLUV5VYILY[3LJOULY
LULSPUMVYTLKLKLZHYYVSSVO\THUV
$VtVRPRVQRVRWURVORVFKLOHQRV\UH
LZWLJPL KL YLZLY]H V KL LZJYW\SV
LUHKTP[PY`WVZPIPSP[HYWYVJLZVZX\L
JVUZ[P[\`HUSHZL_WLYPLUJPHZKLSNVJL
5HFXSHUDUODGLPHQVLyQSROtWLFD
GH OD FXOWXUD PTWSPJH ZP[\HY SH KPZ
J\ZP}U ZVIYL SVZ YLJVUVJPTPLU[VZ
UV ZVSV KL SVZ V[YVZ ULNHKVZ ZPUV
[HTIPtU SVZ KPMLYLU[LZ SLUN\HQLZ `
LZ[t[PJHZ X\L UV OHU ZPKV JVUZPKL
YHKHZVX\LK\YHU[LT\JOV[PLTWV
OHU ZPKV PU]PZPIPSPaHKHZ 3HZ LZ[t[P
JHZPUKxNLUHZ`HMYVHTLYPJHUHZ3VZ
SLUN\HQLZKLSH[LSL]PZP}UL0U[LYUL[
3H JVJPUH SHZ JVYWVYHSPKHKLZ SVZ
VSVYLZ 3VZ KPZJ\YZVZ KL UHJP}U
VWLYHU KLZKL SH OVTVNLUPaHJP}U
` ZL JVUZ[Y\`LU LU T\JOV KLZKL
SH ULNHJP}U KL SHZ KPMLYLUJPHZ ` SH
HYTHJP}UKL\UV[YV
 (O GHUHFKR D OD PHPRULD HV HO
GHUHFKRWDPELpQDOROYLGR
5V ZL [YH[H ZVSV KL SV X\L ZL
YLJ\LYKHZPUV[HTIPtUKLLZHZWHP
SRUDOLGDGHV LQFRQFOXVDV X\L JVUZ
[Y\`LUSHTLTVYPH8\PtUYLJ\LYKH
` X\t LZ SV X\L ZL YLJ\LYKH& ,Z
[LYTPUHYKL\UH]LaJVUSHZ]PZPVULZ
TmZ LZ[Y\J[\YHSPZ[HZ ` [YHKPJPVUHSLZ
KLSHPU[LYWYL[HJP}UKLSHTLTVYPH
OPZ[}YPJH X\L UV LZ SV X\L YLHS
TLU[L WHZ} ZPUV SH THULYH J}TV
ZL JVUZ[Y\`L LU \UH [YPWSL TxTLZPZ
X\LYLJVUZ[Y\`LZLU[PKVZ7LUZHYSH
J\S[\YHPTWSPJHJVU7H\S9PJVL\Y
WLUZHY LS PUX\PL[HU[L LZWLJ[mJ\SV
X\LWYVK\JLSHKLTHZPHKHTLTVYPH
HJm`LSKLTHZPHKVVS]PKVHSSm+L
LZ[HZVWLYHJPVULZLZ[mJVUZ[P[\PKHSH
PKLU[PKHKZHS]HKVYL|H
 3HQVDU HO SDWULPRQLR FRPR
FDSLWDOFXOWXUDO
+LZKLSHWYVW\LZ[HKLSZVJP}SVNV
MYHUJtZ7PLYYL)V\YKPL\PTWSPJHX\L
LS WH[YPTVUPV W\LKL ZLY L_WYVWPH
KV KL Z\Z HU[PN\VZ K\L|VZ WHYH ZLY
KL]\LS[V H SVZ ZLJ[VYLZ WVW\SHYLZ `
YLZPNUPJHKVPU]LZ[PKVKLU\L]VZ]H
Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea
SVYLZ0TWSPJHJVTWYLUKLYX\LSVX\L
Revista Realidad 120, 2009
OLTVZ JVUZ[P[\PKV JVTV WH[YPTVUPV
J\S[\YHSHJ[\HSVILKLJLHSHYNVZWYV
JLZVZKLULNVJPHJP}UKLZLU[PKV
/DFXOWXUDLPSOLFDGLQiPLFDVGH
PHUFDGR LU SHZ X\L LZ[m PUTLYZH
LZ M\UKHTLU[HS YLJ\WLYHY \UV KL
SVZJVUJLW[VZJSH]LX\LUVZSLN}SH
,ZJ\LSHKL-YHURM\Y[`LU[LUKLYSHZ
U\L]HZS}NPJHZPUK\Z[YPHSLZ`NSVIH
SLZ H SHZ X\L ZL KLIL ,Z [HTIPtU
JSH]L LU LZ[L ZLU[PKV YLZJH[HY SH
WYVW\LZ[HKL.LVYNL@KPJL
` JVTWYLUKLY X\L SH J\S[\YH LZ XQ
UHFXUVR ` X\L JVTV [HS PTWSPJH
WLUZHY WYVJLZVZ KL HKTPUPZ[YHJP}U
`YLN\SHJP}UPU[LUJPVUHKVZ
 /D FXOWXUD HV WDPELpQ FLHQFLD
\WpFQLFD
,Z YLJ\WLYHY SH JVUJLWJP}U KL
WHNQpLULZ[LZLU[PKVHTWSPVZL|HSH
KVWVYSH[YHKPJP}UNYPLNH/V`TmZ
X\L U\UJH SH J\S[\YH UV W\LKL ZLY
WLUZHKH ZPU LZH U\L]H [LJUVSVNxH
KL 0U[LYUL[ X\L UVZ OH JVUZ[Y\PKV
`OHOLJOVX\LSHJ\S[\YHKL]LUNH
T\UKVX\LJVUZ[P[\`LU\L]VZSLU
N\HQLZUHYYH[P]HZLZ[t[PJHZ`HJ[VYLZ
X\L KLZKL LZ[L LZWHJPV JVSLJ[P]V
KLZKL LZ[H U\L]H WSHaH WISPJH
JVUZ[Y\`LU WYVW\LZ[HZ LZ[t[PJHZ `
ZPTI}SPJHZ ,Z[H YLSHJP}U Z\WVUL
[HTIPtU \UH YLULNVJPHJP}U KL
SVZ KLYLJOVZ KL H\[VY ` SH THULYH
JVTVZLOH]LUPKVHIVYKHUKV
 3HQVDU HO UHFRQRFLPLHQWR LP
SOLFD VLWXDUQRV HQ HO iPELWR GH
OD WUDGXFFLyQ :P IPLU )LUQHTPU
HK]PLY[L ZVIYL SVZ WLSPNYVZ KL LZ[L
LQLYJPJPV 9PJVL\Y PUZPZ[PYm LU X\L
LU LZ[H WVZPIPSPKHK ZL Q\LNH LS YL
247
 JVUVJPTPLU[VKLSHKP]LYZPKHKZPT
Revista Realidad 120, 2009
I}SPJH1LZZ4HY[xU)HYILYVZL|HSH
X\LOH`\USHYNVJHTPUVX\L]HKLS
KLZJVUVJPTPLU[V HS YLJVUVJPTPLU
[V ` KLS YLJVUVJPTPLU[V KL Zx HS
YLJVUVJPTPLU[VT\[\V"WHYHLSSVSH
UHYYHJP}ULZM\UKHTLU[HSW\LZ[VKH
PKLU[PKHK LZ HSNV X\L ZL UHYYH ,U
BIBLIOGRAFA
(UKLYZVU)&RPXQLGDGHV,PDJLQD
GDV4t_PJV+-!-*,
)H\THUA/DFXOWXUDFRPR
SUD[LV)HYJLSVUH!7HPK}Z
LZWH|VS LZ PS\Z[YH[P]H SH KP]LYZPKHK
KLZLU[PKVZKLS]LYIVFRQWDULZUH
YYHYOPZ[VYPHZZLY[LUPKVLUJ\LU[H`
OHJLYJ\LU[HZKLZKLLZ[HWVSPZLTPH
ZLJVSVJHUSVZmTIP[VZM\UKHTLU[H
SLZKLSHPUJS\ZP}U
6DQ6DOYDGRUDEULOPD\RGH

(O 6DOYDGRU SDUD YLYLU PHMRU
3ODQ GH JRELHUQR  
+PZWVUPISL LU! O[[W!^^^
MTSUVYNZ]MTSU69.HYJOP]VZ
)V\YKPL\ /D GLVWLQFLyQ &ULWHULR \
EDVHV VRFLDOHV GHO JXVWR 4t_P
JV+-!;H\Y\Z
*VUJ\S[\YH5HVXOWDGRVFRQ
VROLGDGRVGHO'LiORJR1DFLRQDO
SRU OD &XOWXUD :HU :HS]HKVY!
*VUJ\S[\YH
*VUJ\S[\YH  (O 6DOYDGRU /D
FXOWXUD XQD  DSXHVWD QDFLR
QDO :HU :HS]HKVY! *VUJ\S[\YH
75<+6,0
4HY[xU)HYILYV1 'HORVPH
GLRV D ODV PHGLDFLRQHV &RPX
QLFDFLyQ FXOWXUD \ KHJHPRQtD
)VNV[m!*VU]LUPV(UKYtZ)LSSV
4HY[xULa . JVVYK &DPELR HQ
SLNVIPLYUVKLS
JHTIPVWKM9LJ\WLYHKVLSKL
KPJPLTIYLKL
9L`.`4HY[xU)HYILYV1 
/RVHMHUFLFLRVGHOYHU+HJHPR
QtD YLVXDO \ ILFFLyQ WHOHYLVLYD
)HYJLSVUH!.LKPZH
9PJVL\Y/DPHPRULDODKLV
WRULD\HOROYLGR4HKYPK!;YV[[H
>HSSLYZ[LPU0JVVYK $EULU
ODV FLHQFLDV VRFLDOHV  LK
4t_PJV+-!:PNSV??0
>PSSPHTZ9 6RFLRORJtDGHOD
FXOWXUD)HYJLSVUH!7HPK}Z
@KPJL .  (O UHFXUVR GH OD
FXOWXUD)HYJLSVUH!.LKPZH

NOTAS
,SKVJ\TLU[VM\LWYLZLU[HKVLSKLVJ[\IYLKLLULS4\ZLV5HJPVUHSKL(U[YVWVSVNxH,SL]LU[V
UVM\LYLZL|HKVWVYSVZNYHUKLZTLKPVZKLSWHxZ
:LOHISHKLYLMVYTHZLJVU}TPJHZZVJPHSLZ`WVSx[PJHZ`KLNLZ[P}UHTIPLU[HS
JVTVSVZJ\H[YVNYHUKLZ[LTHZKLZ[HJHKVZ
,SHY[LWVYLSHY[LKLZ]PUJ\SHKHJHZPKLSH]PKHJV[PKPHUH
*YP[PJHKVLUJPLY[VZLZWHJPVZZVIYL[VKVHJHKtTPJVZWVYZ\TL[VKVSVNxH`Z\
WHYJPHSPaHJP}ULUHSN\UVZmTIP[VZ"WLYVKPHNU}Z[PJVHSUW\U[VKLWHY[PKH`OVQHKLY\[HX\L[\]VKPZ
J\ZPVULZJVUKPZ[PU[VZHJ[VYLZKLSmTIP[VKLSVJ\S[\YHS

248 Anlisis de algunos planteamientos de gestin cultural salvadorea