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RECENT ADVANCES IN ROAD

CONSTRUCTIONS
GROUND IMPROVEMENTS & OTHER
GEOTECHNICAL APPLICATIONS
Prof. B R SRINIVASA MURTHY
Professor (Retired)
Indian Institute of Science
GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES

Densification methods
Stabilization methods
Drainage systems
Stone columns, Granular piles
Reinforced soil beds
Use of geo-textiles
DYNAMIC
COMPACTION
VIBRO-FLOATATION
GRANULAR COLUMNS
STONE COLUMNS
Micro-piles
INSTALLATION OF
MICRO PILES
RAPID IMPACT COMPACTOR
RAPID IMPACT COMPACTOR
CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS ON
FILLEDUP SOIL
School Building at Ooty

Reinforced Soil Foundations


Central school complex under construction at Wellington Ooty
Residential Buildings at Sea Bird Project

Ground improvement for a typical strip footing


Geosynthetics

Synthetic materials that are specially


manufactured to be used in
geotechnical and geo-environmental
engineering applications.
Geotextiles

Continuous sheets
of woven, non- Geotextiles
woven or knitted
Continuous sheets
fibers.They look
of woven, non-
like a fabric.They
woven or knitted
fibers.They look
are flexible and
like a fabric.They
are flexible and
permeable. permeable.
Geogrids

These have an
open grid-like
appearance.They
are stiff and
strong.
Geomembrane

An impermeable,
sheet with a
thickness of greater
than 1.0 mm.
Can be smooth or
textured.
GEO-COMPOSITES
Geosynthetics made
from a combination
of two or more
geosynthetic types
Geocells or Geocellular
Confinement Systems
Relatively thick,
three dimensional
networks constructed
from strips of
polymeric material

Strips are joined


together to form
interconnected cells
that are filled with
soil and sometimes
concrete
Geosynthetics are Howard Points
engineering materials
and they serve
several functions
Separation
Filtration
Drainage
Reinforcement
Protection
Containment
Overview of Functions
and Applications
Geosynthetics applications can
be classified according to
primary functions

However, it is important to
note that geosynthetics may
also perform one or more
secondary functions
Filtration Function

Geotextile acts similar to a sand


filter by allowing water to flow
through the soil while retaining
upstream soil particles
Drainage Function
Geotextile acts as a drain to
carry fluid flow through less
permeable soils.

Provide a lateral fluid


transmission media.
DRAINAGE

Natural Soil

IN-PLANE FLOW
Natural Soil

Drainage layer function:


to provide adequate flow
capacity.
Prefabricated
vertical wick
drains have
been used to
accelerate
consolidation of
cohesive
foundation soils
below preloaded
fills and
embankments.
Separation Function

Geosynthetic acts to
separate two layers of soil
that have different
particle size distributions.
GEOSYNTHETICS

FUNCTION:

SEPARATION

PROPERTY:

OPENING SIZE
Reinforcement Function

Geosynthetics acts as a reinforcement


element within a soil mass or in
combination with the soil. This
produces a composite that has
improved strength and deformation
properties over the un-reinforced
soil.
THANKS FOR YOUR TIME

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