APs & GPs

AP Arithmetic Progression add common difference a ( n 1) d

GP Geometric Progression multiply common ratio ar n1

APs

nth term
u n a ( n 1) d a = 1st term, d = difference

sum to nth term

n
S n 12 n[2a (n 1)d ] Sn (a l )
2

(u n vn ) u n vn

(ku n ) k un (constant multipliers go outside)

GPs

nth term
u n ar n1 a = 1st term, r = ratio

sum to nth term

a (1 r n ) r n 1
Sn S n a
1 r r 1

If 1 r 1 , then
a
S
1 r
 FM Series

n
n( n 1)
r
1 2
n
n(n 1)(2n 1)
1 r 2 6
n
n 2 (n 1) 2
1 r 3 4

(u n vn ) u n vn

(ku n ) k un (constant multipliers go outside)