8.

5-4 Geankoplis
Diketahui : Ditanya:
F 13608 Kj/h S
Xf 0.1 A
X3 0.5
58.6 kpa
Pgage + Patm
S 159.925 kPa
U1 6246
U2 3407
U3 2271 W/m2.k
P1 (abs) 6.76 kPa
Tf 37.8 T (oC)

dilihat disteam table, kemuadian dicari menggunakan interpolasi (App A.2-9)

P (kPa) T (oC) P (kPa) T (oC)
5.947 36 143.27 110
6.76 38.263048017 Tv3 159.925 113.22896 Ts
7.384 40 169.06 115

Neraca Massa Total

F= V+ L
13608 V L ..(1)
10886.4 2721.6

Neraca Massa Komonen NaOH

F* Xf = V* Xv + L3* X3 Xv=0
13608 0.1 V 0 2721.6 0.5

Neraca Massa Total di setiap evaporator

dimana,
 V= V1 + V2+ V3
an, nilai initial aqual rate dari setiap evaporator
V1 = V2 = V3
maka,
V 1=V2=V3= 3628.8 Kg/h

Evaporator 1 Evaporator 3
F= L1 + V1 L2 = L3 + V3
13608 9979.2 3628.8 6350.4 2721.6 3628.8
Kg/h Kg/h

Evaporator 2
L1 = L2 + V2
9979.2 6350.4 3628.8
Kg/h

Neraca Massa Komponen di setiap evaporator

Evaporator 1
Xf* F= L1* X1
0.1 13608 9979.2 0.13636364

Evaporator 2
X1* L1 = L2 * X2
0.136363636 9979.2 6350.4 0.21428571

Evaporator 3
X2 * L2 = L3 * X3
0.214285714 6350.4 2721.6 0.5

Mencari T3 menggunakan interpolasi, data diperoleh melalui app A.2-9

T (C) P (kPa)
36 5.947
38.26304802 6.76
40 7.384

Mencari Ts1 menggunakan interpolasi, data diperoleh melalui app A.2-9

T (C) P (kPa)
110 143.27
113.2289647 159.925
115 169.06

Menghitung Kenaikan titik didih

X3 = 0.5 T3 = 38.263048 C
X2 = 0.2142857143 T2 = 41 C (asumsi)
X1 = 0.1363636364 T1 = 93 C (asumsi)
Melalui Dhring line didapatkan T'3 = 81 C
Melalui Dhring line didapatkan T'2 = 49 C
Melalui Dhring line didapatkan T'1 = 97 C

sehingga, C
BPR3 42.736951983 C
BPR2 8 C
BPR1 4 C
BPR 54.736951983 C

Berdasarkan Eq. 8.5-5

T = T1 + T2 + T3 = Ts1 - T3- BPR
= 20.228965 C

Berdasarkan Eq. 8.5-6

T1 = T . (1/U1) = 3.6229156 C
(1/U2)+(1/U2)+(1/U3)

T2 = T . (1/U2) = 6.6418347 C
(1/U2)+(1/U2)+(1/U3)

T3 = T . (1/U3) = 9.9642144 C
(1/U2)+(1/U2)+(1/U3)
20.228965 C

Estimasi T1 , T2, T3
T1 = 6.622915607 C
T2 = 5.5418347172 C
T3 = 8.0642143908 C

Menghitung Kenaikan titik didih tiap evaporator

T1 = Ts1 - T1 = 106.606049 C
Ts1 = 113.22896472 C (condensing temperature of saturated steam to 1st evaporator)

T2 = T1 - BPR1 - T2 = 97.064214 C
Ts2 = T1- BPR1 = 102.60605 C (condensing temperature of steam to effect 2)

T3 = T2 - BPR2 - T3 = 81 C
Ts3 = T2 - BPR2 = 89.064214 C

The temperature in the three effects are as follows :

Effect 1 Effect 2 Effect 3

Ts1 = 113.22896472 C Ts2 = 102.60605 C Ts3 =
 T1 = 106.60604911 C T2 = 97.064214 C T3 =

Menghitung Cp
menggunakan interpolasi appendix berdasarkan tabel A.2.1-2
F Ts1 = 113.228965 C
T (C) cp
100 1.888
113.2289647 1.8936811505
148.9 1.909

L1 Ts2 = 102.606049 C
T (C) cp
100 1.888
102.6060491 1.8891191622
148.9 1.909

menggunakan Ekstrapolasi appendix berdasarkan tabel A.2.1-2

L2 Ts3 = 89.0642144 C
T (C) cp
89.06421439 1.8833036504
100 1.888
148.9 1.909

L3 Ts3 = 38.263048 C
T (C) cp
38.26304802 1.8762817091
100 1.888
148.9 1.909

T (C) cp
0 1.8450552147
100 1.888
148.9 1.909

The values of the enthalphy H of the various vapor streams relative to water at 0 C as a datum are obtained from the steam ta
Evaporator 1

T1 = 106.60604911 C Ts2 = 102.60605 C BPR1 = 4

Ts1 = 113.22896472 C
H1 = Hs2 (saturation enthalphy at Ts2) + 1,884(BPR)

T (C) Hs
100 2676.1
102.6060491 2680.1133156 Hs2
105 2683.8
 H1 = Hs2 (saturation enthalphy at Ts2) + 1,884(BPR)
= 2687.6493156 kJ/kg
T (C) hs
T (C) Hs 110 461.3
105 2683.8 113.22896 474.97789 hs1
106.6060491 2681.3266844 Hs1 115 482.48
110 2691.5

s1 = Hs1 (vapor saturation enthalphy) - hs1 (liquid enthalphy at Ts1)

s1 = 2206.3487898 kJ/kg

Evaporator 2

T2 = 97.064214391 C Ts3 = 89.064214 C BPR2 = 8

Ts2 = 102.60604911 C

H2= Hs3 (saturation enthalphy at Ts3) + 1,884(BPR)

T (C) Hs T (C) hs
85 2651.9 100 419.04
89.06421439 2658.5653116 Hs2 102.60605 430.04274 hs2
90 2660.1 105 440.15

H2 = Hs2 (saturation enthalphy at Ts2) + 1,884(BPR)

= 2673.6373116 kJ/kg

s2 = H1 (vapor saturation enthalphy) - hs2 (liquid enthalphy at Ts2)

s2= 2257.6065763 kJ/kg

Evaporator 3

T3 = 81 C Ts4 = 38.263048 C BPR3 42.736952

Ts3 89.064214391 C

H3= Hs4 (saturation enthalphy at Ts4) + 1,884(BPR)

T (C) Hs T (C) hs
36 2567.1 85 355.9
38.26304802 2571.1734864 Hs4 89.064214 372.98596 hs3
40 2574.3 90 376.92

H3 = Hs3(saturation enthalphy at Ts2) + 1,884(BPR)

= 2651.689904 kJ/kg
 s3 = H2(vapor saturation enthalphy) - hs3 (liquid enthalphy at Ts3)
s3= 2300.6513543 kJ/kg

V1 = 13608 - L1
V2 = L1 - L2
V3 = L2 - 2721.6
L3 = 2721.6

Write a heat balance on each effect. Using 0 C as a datum, since the values of H of the vapors are relative to 0C and nothing

Evaporator 1

F. Cp (Tf-0) + Ss1 = L1Cp(T1-0)+V1H1

974076.25502 + S x 2206.3488 = L1 x
ure of steam to effect 2)

Condensor
89.064214 C Ts4 = 38.263048 C
 81 C

btained from the steam table as follows:

lative to 0C and nothing that (Tf-0)C and (T1-0)C