La voz pasiva - The Passive Voice

Concepto de Voz Activa y Pasiva

Usamos la voz pasiva cuando queremos dar importancia a "lo que pas" ms que a quin hizo la accin.
Her money was stolen. Su dinero fue robado.

Podemos enfocar la accin del verbo en el sujeto (voz activa) o en el objeto (voz pasiva).

Ejemplos:
Voz Activa: The porter carries the bags. (El portero lleva los bolsos)
Voz Pasiva: The bags are carried by the porter. (Los bolsos son llevados por el portero)

Reglas gramaticales

La voz pasiva se forma utilizando el verbo to be + el verbo principal en participio (past participle).

Para transformar una oracin activa a pasiva tenemos en cuenta los siguientes puntos:

El objeto de la oracin activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la pasiva

El verbo principal se sustituye por el auxiliar "to be", en su mismo tiempo, junto al verbo principal en
participio.
El sujeto de la oracin principal pasa a ser complemento agente de la pasiva
Si hacemos mencin en la oracin al sujeto que realiza la accin (sujeto agente), ste ir normalmente
introducido por la preposicin by:

ACTIVE : MARY SPEAKS ENGLISH

Sujeto. Verbo Objeto.

PASSIVE : ENGLISH IS SPOKEN BY MARY

Objeto To be Verbo Sujeto
(Nuevo Sujeto) (Participio pasado) (Nuevo Objeto)

Tabla de cambios verbales en la transformacin de Voz Activa a Voz Pasiva

Usamos como ejemplo: to write a letter (escribir una carta)
write (presente/present) / wrote (pasado/past) / written (participio/participle)

Frase activa Frase pasiva

present I write a letter. The letter is written

present continuos I'm writing a letter. The letter is being written
past I wrote a letter. The letter was written
past continuos I was writing a letter The letter was being written
present perfect I have written a letter The letter has been written
past perfect I had written a letter The letter had been written by me
future I will write a letter The letter will be written
future II I'm going to write a letter The letter is going to be written
modals I have to write a letter The letter has to be written
modals I should write a letter The letter should be written
modals I must write a letter The letter must be written
 TO BE TENSES

PRESENT PAST FUTURE PRESENT PAST PRESENT PAST FUTURE

CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS PERFECT PERFECT PERFECT

SING. AM IS WAS WILL BE IS BEING WAS BEING HAS BEEN HAD BEEN WILL HAVE BEEN
PLURAL ARE WERE WILL BE ARE BEING WERE BEING HAVE BEEN HAD BEEN WILL HAVE BEEN

PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE PASSIVE

PRESENT TENSE

I SPEAK ENGLISH ENGLISH IS SPOKEN BY ME

SHE WRITES SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS ARE WRITTEN BY HER

PAST TENSE

I SPOKE ENGLISH ENGLISH WAS SPOKEN BY ME

SHE WROTE SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS WERE WRITTEN BY HER

FUTURE TENSE

I WILL SPEAK ENGLISH ENGLISH WILL BE SPOKEN BY ME

SHE WILL WRITE SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS WILL BE WRITTEN BY HER

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

I AM SPEAKING ENGLISH ENGLISH IS BEING SPOKEN BY ME

SHE IS WRITING SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS ARE BEING WRITTEN BY HER

PAST CONTINUOUS

I WAS SPEAKING ENGLISH ENGLISH WAS BEING SPOKEN BY ME

SHE WAS WRITING SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS WERE BEING WRITTEN BY HER

PRESENT PERFECT

I HAVE SPOKEN ENGLISH ENGLISH HAS BEEN SPOKEN BY ME

SHE HAS WRITTEN SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS HAVE BEEN WRITTEN BY HER

PAST PERFECT

I HAD SPOKEN ENGLISH ENGLISH HAD BEEN SPOKEN BY ME

SHE HAD WRITTEN SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS HAD BEEN WRITTEN BY HER

FUTURE PERFECT

I WILL HAVE SPOKEN ENGLISH ENGLISH WILL HAVE BEEN SPOKEN BY ME

SHE WILL HAVE WRITTEN SOME LETTERS SOME LETTERS WILL HAVE BEEN WRITTEN BY HER