HYDRAULIC

TRAINING
COURSE
 Units - Part 1

PRESSURE
Common unit : bar
1 bar = 1,02 kgf/cm
= 1 daN/cm
= 10 N/cm
= 0,99 atm
= 105 Pa (Pascal)
= about 10 m of water column (wC)
= 751 mmHg

ENERGY
Units : Heating -> thermy/hour (th/h)
Cooling -> frigory/hour (fg/h)
1 th/h = 1000 kcal/h
= 1,163 kW/h
1 fg/h = -103 cal/h
= -1 kcal/h
1 kW/h = 860 kcal/h

MOTOR POWER
Units : Watt (W) - kiloWatt (kW)

1 kW =1000 W
= 1,36 hp (horse power)
1 hp = 736 W

See also the page "definition of the power"

ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
Is equal to the gauge pressure (or relative) plus the atmospheric
pressure (1 bar at sea level)
Starts at absolute zero

GAUGE PRESSURE
Is reading pressure gauge
Starts at atmospheric pressure
An gauge pressure of 5 bar, makes 5+1= 6 bar absolute
Usually, pressure gauge are in gauge pressure.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Units Page 2

 Units - Part 2

HEATING - AIR CONDITIONING

TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE (t)

Is the pressure difference between the inlet and the oulet of the boiler
T = Toutlet - Tinlet

HEATING POWER

Is the quantity of heat produced by a generator, during the time unit.

P = Q x t for water with :
P = heating power in kcal/h
Q = water flow in litres/hour (l/h)

FLOW

Is the water volume circulating during the time unit.

P
Q=
t
Q = water flow in litres/hour (l/h)
P = heating power in kcal/h

STATIC HEAD (Hs)

Is the difference of level between the highest and the

lowest points of the network.
Hs
Is required for calculating the static pressure of the
network.
C
STATIC PRESSURE
(Suction head)

Is equal at Hg + 0,5 to 1 bar depending of the network temperature.

NB : it is necessary to have a static pressure at the suction of the pump higher than
NB : pump NPSHr specialy in open networks or roof installations.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Units 2 Page 3

 Units - Part 3
CONVERSION FACTORS
FLOW HEAD
Given Unit Multiply by required unit Given Unit Multiply by required unit
16,667 l/min 0.098 x SG bar
3,670 gpm 3,281 ft
m/h m 1.42 x SG psi
4,400 USgpm 0.1 x SG kg/cm
0,278 l/s 9.8 x SG kPa
60,000 l/min 10.211 / SG m
13,200 gpm 33.5 / SG ft
l/s bar 14,5 psi
15,838 USgpm 1,02 kg/cm
3,600 m/h 100 kPa
3,788 l/min 0,305 m
0,833 gpm 0.03 x SG bar
Usgpm ft 0.433 x SG psi
0,063 l/s 0.03 x SG kg/cm
0,227 m/h 2.988 x SG kPa
4,546 l/min 0.703 / SG m
1,200 USgpm 0,069 bar
gpm psi 2.31 / SG ft
0,076 l/s 0,07 kg/cm
0,273 m/h 6,9 kPa
0,220 gpm 10 / SG m
0,264 USgpm 0,981 bar
l/min kg/cm 32.81 / SG ft
0,017 l/s 14,22 psi
0,060 m/h 98 kPa
* SG is for Specific Gravity - pure water SG is 1 g/cm

USEFUL FORMULAS for centrifugal, mix-flow and Axial flow pumps

m/h x 353.7
Flow velocity through circular pipe (m/s) =
(pipe internal diameter in mm)

m/h x metres head x SG

Shaft power Input (kW) =
Pump efficiency () x 367

motor kW x 100
Full load current for 3 phase motor (A) =
3 x efficiency () x Volt x power factor (cos )

motor kW x 100
Full load current for 1 phase motor (A) =
efficiency () x Volt x power factor (cos )

Frequency (Hz) x 120

Synchronous speed = Number of pole

Direct on line Star-delta

Starting torque as % of FL torque 130% 43%
Starting current as % of FL current 600% 200%

EN hydraulic courses.xls Units 3 Page 4

 Power definition in three phase

Definition Id. Formula

Electrical input power for the
Electrical
power supply, or consump-
P1 P1 = U . I . V3 . Cos (in Watt)
panel
tion. It is what ones pays. kW absorbed
kW P1 =
XXXX Motor efficiency ()

kWh

Motor normalized nominal Is to be choosen higher than the hydraulic

P2
power. For a fixed frecuency, input power.
it is the power available at
Motor kW
motor shaft. P2>Hydraulic input power

Power absorbed by pump. For kW abs = P1 x (motor efficiency)

the motor also called "util
power" Q (m3/h) x H (m) x SG
kW =
367 x (pump efficiency)

Exemple 1 - P1 determination Exemple 2

Pump : Water - SG = 1 Testing platform

Flow : 100 m3/h - Head : 19m
Pump efficiency : 75%
P.abs.Hyd = (100x19)x1/(367x0,75) = 6,90 kW
Measured data :
Flow 130 m3/h - Head 22 mWC
U = 400 V - I = 19,7 A
Data : motor cos : 88%

OPTION 1 P1=400x19,7x1,732x0,88 = 12010W

P1 = 12 kW
Selected motor : P2 = 7,5 kW
Motor efficiency : 83% kW abs. = 12 x 0,87 = 10,44 kW
P1 = 6,9 / 0,83 = 8,31 kW

Pump efficiency =
OPTION 2 = (130x22) / (367x10,44) = 0,746
= 74,6%
Selected motor : P2 = 9 kW
Motor efficiency : 85%
P1 = 6,9 / 0,85 = 8,12 kW

EN hydraulic courses.xls Power Page 5

 Friction losses curves

DN50
Head

48 mm/m

12 mm/m

6 m3/h 12 m3/h Flow

DN40 DN50
Head

38 mm/m

12 mm/m

6 m3/h
Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls f.l. Page 6

 Friction losses in serie

VALVE FILTER

Head

Total friction losses

J1+J2 Valve friction losses

J2 Filter friction losses

J1

Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls serie f.l. Page 7

 Friction losses in parallel

VALVE J1
Q1

Q Q

FILTER J2 Q2

Head

J1 J2

J = J1 = J2

Q1 Q=Q1+Q2 Flow
Q2

EN hydraulic courses.xls paralel f.l. Page 8

 Pump's hydraulic characteristic : closed loop

Total
Head
Pump's curve
Friction
losses curve

Duty
point

Head
supplied
by the
pump

Flow
Flow supplied by the pump

EN hydraulic courses.xls f.l.-closed Page 9

 Pump's hydraulic characteristic : open loop

Total
Head
Pump's curve
Friction
losses curve

Duty
point

Friction
Head losses
supplied
by the
pump

Geometrical
height

Flow
Flow supplied by the pump

EN hydraulic courses.xls f.l.-open Page 10

Over estimation of friction losses - Closed loop

Calculated
friction
looses
Total
Head
Pump 1
Real friction
looses

Calculated Pump 1
duty duty
point
Pump 2

Pump 2
duty
point

Calculated flow Over-flow

Risks :
Noise in the pipework
Higher NPSHn requested
More power consumption
Faster wear

Solutions :
Trim the impeller diameter
Increase the friction losses (diaphram, valves)
Reduce the speed

EN hydraulic courses.xls f.l.-risks-closed Page 11

Over estimation of friction losses - Open loop
Calculated
friction
looses
Total
Head
Pump 1
Real friction
looses

Calculated Pump 1
duty duty
point

Pump 2
Real
friction Pump 2
looses duty
point

Hg

Calculated flow Over flow

Risks :
Noise in the pipework
Higher NPSHn requested
More power consumption
Faster wear

Solutions :
Trim the impeller diameter
Increase the friction losses (diaphram, valves)
Reduce the speed

EN hydraulic courses.xls f.l.-risks-open Page 12

 Negative suction lift

NPSHa : Net Positive Suction Head available, depends on the installation.

NPSHr : Net Positive Suction Head requested, depends on the pump.

(given by the pump manufacturer).

MSC : Maximum Suction Capacity

TH : Total Head

Pr
=> NPSHa = ( Patm - Pv ) / SG - Hs - Js

=> TH = Hs + Js + Hd + Jd + Pr
Hd
Jd
=> MSC = Patm - NPSHr

Js
Hs

CAUTION :
NPSHa > NPSHr - minimum 0,5 to 1 meter
CAVITATION risk if NPSH a < NPSHr
MSC > Ha + Ja - minimum 0,5 to 1 meter
If temperature increases, MSC decreases
If altitude increases (P atm decreases), MSC decreases

EN hydraulic courses.xls negative suction lift Page 13

 Positive suction lift

NPSHa : Net Positive Suction Head available, depends on the installation.

NPSHr : Net Positive Suction Head requested, depends on the pump.

(given by the pump manufacturer).

MSC : Maximum Suction Capacity

TH : Total Head

Pr
=> NPSHa = ( Patm - Pv ) / SG + Hc - Js

=> TH = - Hc + Js + Hd + Jd + Pr
Hd
Jd
=> MSC = Patm - NPSHr

Hc

Js

CAUTION :
NPSHa > NPSHr - minimum 0,5 to 1 meter
CAVITATION risk if NPSH a < NPSHr
MSC > Ha + Ja - minimum 0,5 to 1 meter
If temperature increases, MSC decreases
If altitude increases (P atm decreases), MSC decreases

EN hydraulic courses.xls positive suction lift Page 14

 Same pumps in serie

Head

H1 Pump 1

Q Flow
Head

H2 Pump 2

Q Flow

Head

H1+H2 Pumps 1 + 2

Q Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls Same pumps in serie Page 15

 Same pumps in parallel
Q1

Q Q

Q2

Head Head

Pump 1 H Pump 2
H

Q1 Flow Q2 Flow

Head

Pumps 1 + 2

Q1+Q2 Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls Same pumps in parallel Page 16

 Different pumps in serie

Head

Pump 1
H1

Q Flow
Head
Pump 2
H2

Q
Flow

Head

Pump 1 + 2
H1+H2

Q Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls Different pumps in serie Page 17

 Different pumps in parallel
Q1

Q Q

Q2

Head Head

Pump 1 H Pump 2
H

Q1 Flow Q2 Flow

Head

Pumps 1 + 2

Q1+Q2
Flow

EN hydraulic courses.xls Different pumps in parallel Page 18

 NPSH
NPSH curse according flow

1 2 3 4 5 Flow
m3/h

The pump's suction capacity is defined by the NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head).

NPSH is a measurement of the difference between the local net pressure and pumped liquid's
vapor pressure (Hva)

It is one of the essential parameters to take into account when selecting a centrifugal pump in the
following cases :
a/ When the pumped water level is below the pump shaft.
b/ When the pumped fluid reaching the pump entrace is close to vapor point.

In each installation it is necessary to ensure NPSHa is greater than NPSHr.

EN hydraulic courses.xls NPSH curve Page 19

 NPSH required

Is determinated by the pump manufacturer ; it depends of the pump type, the impeller diameter,
the flow and the pump speed.
The NPSHr (requested) of a pump, given in meters of liquid, indicates the minimum absolute
pressure necessary at the pump's suction for correct running.

NPSHr enables the pump's MSC (Maximum suction capacity)to be calculated. The MSC is given
in meters of water and indicates the height above which a pump is able to draw water and pump
normally.

Complete
emptyness

NPSHr

10,33 m
maximum
Atmospheric M.S.C. Atmospheric
pressure pressure

a/ Pump drawing cold water from a tank at atmospheric pressure :

M.S.C. = Patm - NPSHr

b/ Pump sucking from a pressurized tank

Po - Pv
M.S.C. = 10 x . - NPSHr
SG

M.S.C. : Maximum Suction Capacity

Po : Absolute pressure in the suction tank (in bar)
Pv : Vapor tension of the pumped liquid at the pumped temperature (in bar)
SG : Specific Gravity - pure water SG is 1 g/cm

EN hydraulic courses.xls NPSHr Page 20

 NPSH available

NPSHa at pump suction depends on individual installation (fluid's nature and pressure,
temperature, vapor tension, altitude, diameter and shape of the pipes, etc.). It is totally
independent of the pump.
The NPSH available is equal to the absolute pressure at the suction flange over the vaporization
pressure of the fluid.
IN order to have the installation running properly, it is mandatory to have the NPSH
available a the pump's suction higher than the NPSH necessary for the same pump.

NPSH available > NPSH required

The security range is to be between 0,5 to 1 m head depending on the pump.

Pa - Pv Va
NPSHa = 10 x +
SG 2g

NPSHa in meters
Pa : Absolute pressure at the pump's suction.
Pv : Vapor tension of the pumped fluid.
SG : Specific Gravity - pure water SG is 1 g/cm
Va : Speed at the pump suction
g : gravity acceleration

Atmospheric
pressure
ha

Ja M.S.H.
M.S.C.
Pv

0,5 a 1 m

NPSHa
NPSHn
Absolute
zero
NPSH necessary NPSH available
(for the pump) (from the instalation)

ha : suction geometric head

Ja : Suction piing network's total friction looses

EN hydraulic courses.xls NPSHa Page 21

 Pump cavitation

Head

Head 1
Head 2

Flow

NPSH
Atm. pressure /

Pv /

ha

NPSHa Ja

NPSHn

Flow

Good running Cavitation

EN hydraulic courses.xls Cavitation Page 22

 Glandless pump installation

2 2
1 3 1 3
0 4 0 4

Boiler Radiador

Expansion
vessel

Head Pump Friction

looses
Pressure
diferential
(read at the
pressure
gauge)

Pump's
discharge
head
Pump's Expansion tank's
suction static pressure
head

EN hydraulic courses.xls Installation Page 23

 Recommendations for a glandless pump's
installation

This is the total

dynamic head
Valve

Suction Discharge
Pressure
head head
gauge

Drain

Valve

1. Instal the circulator with the shaft perfectly horizontal

2. Drain at the first starting

3. Check the rotation direction for the three phase motors

4. Make sure the input current is compatible with the current indicated on the motor.

5. Electrical protection is requested for single phase motors from 100W and mandatoy for all
three phase motors.

6. Check the Total Dynamic Head and adjust the glandless pump at the correct speed (avoid to
use the circulator at the curves extermities).

7. Make sure to have the minimum head requested according the temperature (static pressure).

8. When the glandless pump isn't running, even for a long time, keep it in the water (with glycol if
necessary).

9. Make sure the glandless pump is rotating freely before starting it after a long period of time
without running.

10. Remove the circulator during chemical sludge removing operations.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Recommendations Page 24

 Glandless pumps' suction minimum pressure

Minimum pressure according temperature

Glandless pump model
90C 110C 130C
NSB 3 10
NXL12 - NZL12 - NXL15 - NXL30 - NXL50
NYV12 - NYL12 - NYL30 - DYL30 3
XA15NV - C1026NV 95C maxi
NXV12 - ZOON225XV for MXV12 10
CXL50 and
CXL2025 - CXL2050 ZOOM225XV
ZOOM225NXL - ZOOM260L
CXL70 - CXL80
CXL2070 - CXL2080 5 12
C2400NB
CXL100 - CXL2100 - ZOOM 245NXAV - ZOOM260NXAV -
6 13
ZOOM300L - ZOOM300NB
ZOOM320C 10 17 30
(E)C1115(N) - (E)C1116(N) - (E)C1120(N) -
(E)C1210(N) - (E)C1220(N) - (E)C1313(N) - (E)C1513(N) - 4 11 24
(E)C2500(N) - (E)C2650(N)
(E)C1230(N) - (E)C1420(N) - (E)C2655(N) 6 13 26
(E)C1240(N) - (E)C1430(N)(1) - (E)C1440(N)(1)
10 17 30
(E)C2800(1)(N) - (E)C2805(N)(6)
ECX1400 - ECX1401 - ECX1500 -
6 13 26
ECX2400 - ECX2500
ECX1501 - ECX1650 - ECX1653 - ECX 1654 - ECX1655 -
10 17 30
ECX2501 - ECX2650 - ECX2653 - ECX2654
ECX1800 - CX1801B - CX1802B -
16 23 36
ECX2800 - CX2801B - CX2802B
SCX - SXM 32-80
12 19 32
SCX - DCX - SXM - DXM 50-90
SCX - DCX - SXM - DXM 40-40 et 65-50 9 16 29
SCX - DCX - SXM - DXM 40-80 13 20 33
SCX - DCX - SXM - DXM 50-25 ET 65-25 7 14 27
SCX - DCX - SXM - DXM 50-50 ET 80-25 11 18 31
SCX - DCX 80-50 14 21 34
SCX - DCX 65-90
16 23 36
SX - DX 1801-1802-2801-2802

EN hydraulic courses.xls Min pressure Page 25

 PUMP SELECTION - THE FIRST QUESTIONS
Water loop Water supply Drainage - Sewage
Climatisation Surface Submerged Rain water Sewage water Corrosive
Heating (water level (water level Dirty water water
under 7 m) over 7 m)
1 - flow in m3/h ( Q ) X X X X X X
or
- Heating power ( kCal/h or kW or th/h) X
and Q l/h=kCal/h t
- Temperature difference ( C ) X

2 - Total Head (in meters) X X X X X X

If unknowed, installation details
- Open circuit
- Suction height or suction load in m X
length in m X
diameter in mm X
- discharge height in m X X X X X
length in m X X X X X
diameter in mm X X X X X
Residual pressure in bar X X
- Loops
- Total loop length X
- diameter in mm X

3 - Maximum service pressure or static pressure - bar X X X

4 - Altitude on the installation in meters X X

5 - Pumped fluid
- Type X X X X
- temperature X X X X X X

6 - Remplacement
- Dimension between unions or flanges X
- Existing pipes diameter X

7 - Type of voltage
- Single phase - 230 V X X X X X X
- Three phase - 230 V X X X X X X
- Three phase - 400 V X X X X X X
Document interne Salmson - Reproduction interdite
 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE STUDY
OF A PUMPING INSTALATION
Name (or company) Adress

Correspondant Zip code City

Activity Tel Fax

Pumped liquid : INSTALLATION DETAILS

NATURE. a Suction Discharge
Clear ..a Ladena if laden, nature a Height between the lower Height between the higher
Densitya Temperature (C).. a water level and suction port water level and discharge port
In case of replacement of a pump, indicate : ha . m hr .. m
- Brand, type, motor capacity : Storage tank height Total pipe length
- Hydraulic characteristics : hc .. m lr m
Total pipe length Pipe diametre
Pumping origin and location: la m dr. mm
River.. a Bore hole a Pit . a Pipe diametre lower water level
Tank under pressure a City water a Pressure (bar) da .... mm hn . m
Altitude (if higher than 1000m) ... a m Stainer or Valves .. nb
yes no
check valve Elbows . nb
Installation type: (see drawings below) Filter yes no
Suction A1 A2 A3 A4 Valves nb
Discharge R1 R2 R3 Elbows .. nb

Hydraulics requirements:
Flow (m3/h) ... a MOTOR :
Make sure the origin flow is sufficuent) Available voltage:
Expected pressure at the last tap RP 230 V - 1 ph a 230 V - 3 ph a 400 V - 3 ph a
Number of persons . a
m to water a 50 Hz a 60 Hz a
Bladder vessel litres

SELECTED PUMP:
Flow (m3/h) Head (mWC) Ports Motor kW

SUCTION DISCHARGE
Surface pump Immerged pump Surface or immerged pumps Drainage-Sewage
Maximum suction head Storage tank Suction head
Atmospheric pressure Under pressure bladder Atmospheric pressure
7m pressure A2 or above 7m
storage tank vessel storage tank or sewage
(friction looses inc.) town water supply A3 borehole or pit
 TYPE OF INSTALLATION AND ACCESSORIES
A1 - R1 A1 - R2 A2 - R1 A2 - R2

A3 - R1 A3 - R2 A4 - R1 A4 - R2

R3
TYPE OF INSTALLATION :

select qty unit price total price

PUMP TYPE :

Accessories : (to select on the drawings of this page)

1 Strainer or suction kit
2 Check Valve
3 Suction valve or by-pass valve
4 Discharge valve
5 Relief valve
6 Bladder vessel - Capacity litres
7 Automatisation pressure switch
8 Automitasation float switch
9 Dry running protection by float switch your distributor :

10 Dry running protection by pressure switch

11 Electrical cable and junction
12 Dry running electrode and cable
13 Motor and dry running protection
14 Protection and automatisation circuit breaker
15 Over-flow alarm bell
 Exercice : Static pressure
Static pressure determination

Case 1 Case 2
Geometric head : 20 m Geometric head : 3,5 m

B B

Network temperature : Discharge : . 90C

Suction : 70C

Which are the static pressure in both case :

Case 1

Case 2

Justify your answer

Case 1 :
Case 2 :
EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - Static pressure Page 29
 Exercice : Tank filling and emptying

Draw an installation allowing to fill and drain alternatively each one of the tanks to the other with
only one pump.

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - Filling and emptying Page 30

 Exercice : Water transfert

Graphic solution required

Variable level Constant level

10 m 10 m

0m

Requested flow : 100 m3/h

friction looses in the pipe network : 8 m a 100m 3/h

mWC
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 25 50 75 100 125 m3/h

Draw the pump's running range

Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - Water transfert Page 31

 Exercice : Two pumps running in parallel

Closed loop

1- The drawing below represents the curve of two identical pumps running in parallel.
Draw the curve for only one pump running.

2- Friction losses in the loop for one pump running is 20 m head.

What is the flow for one pump running alone ?
What is the flow for two pumps running in parallel ?

3- For a different network, keeping the possibility to have one or two pumps running,
What would be the maximum flow for 2 pumps in parallel

m Head
36
34
32
30
28 2 pumps running
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
m3/h
Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - 2 p. paral closed Page 32

 Exercice : Two pumps running in parallel

Open network

1- The hereunder drawing represents the curve for 2 pumps running in parallel
The geometric head is 16 m

2- Friction losses for one pump running is 4 m

What's the flow for one pump?
What's the flow for two pumps in parallel?

3- Friction losses for one pump running is 8 m

What's the flow for one pump?
What's the flow for two pumps in parallel?

m Head
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 m3/h
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - 2 p. paral open Page 33

 Exercice : Speed variation

Pump's speed calculation

The hereunder graph represents a pump curve at 3000 rpm.

1- 3
What's the pump's speed for a duty of 110 m /h at 14m head ?
2- The efficiency for the equivalent duty on the original curve is of 75%.
3
What's the input power at 110 m /h @ 14 m head with a 2 points reduction of the efficiency?

m Head
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
m /h

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - Speed variation Page 34

 Exercice : Power - Power input

1- An installation requires a flow of 150 M 3/H and a head of 53 mWC

Suction head is 3 m
Pumped fluid : water, temperature of 10C, sea level
Suction pipes : 125 mm
Discharge pipes : 100 mm

The duty point has to be respected

The impeller diameter can be adjusted

Choose with the help of the 4 following curves the most economic solution

2- Define the elements characterizing the pump and the installation with the following conditions,
without changing the viscosity

Nota : For the power caculation, a 90% motor efficiency is admitted whatever the load is.

Cost for 8000h

P3 P2 P1
Liquid Density Q (m3/h) Head (m) NPSHa at 0,60 F per
(kW) (kW) (kW)
kWh

Water 1 150 53

Gasoil 0,85 150 53

Soda 1,4 150 53

3- Is the selected pump able to transport in the conditions defined at point 1 the diferent liquids
regardless the material matters?

EN hydraulic courses.xls ex - Power consumption Page 35

 719565
Etabli par:

ROINSOLLE NO 65-200V 2920 TR/MN

RPM
Visa:
Vrifi par: Ed04 1/1
CORDELLIER PALIER
BEARING H10 ARBRE
SHAFT 24
ASP/SUCT.
80 50 HZ
Visa: REF/DISCH. 65
ED01 : 04.02.94

ED02 : 04.12.96
AC073090/ML
ED03 : 24.06.97
AC073438/ML
ED04 : 06.09.99
AC074185/BR

ESSAIS : DENSITE : 1
TEST CONDITIONS : 5986848C VISCOSITE : 1 CST
 719566
Etabli par:

ROINSOLLE NO 65-250V 2920 TR/MN

RPM
Visa:
Vrifi par: Ed04 1/1
CORDELLIER PALIER
BEARING H21 ARBRE
SHAFT 32
ASP/SUCT.
80 50 HZ
Visa: REF/DISCH. 65
ED01 : 04.02.94

ED02 : 04.12.96
AC073090/ML
ED03 : 24.06.97
AC073438/ML
ED04 : 06.09.99
AC074185/BR

ESSAIS : DENSITE : 1
TEST CONDITIONS : 5986849C VISCOSITE : 1 CST
 719568
Etabli par:

ROINSOLLE NO 80-200V 2950 TR/MN

RPM
Visa:
Vrifi par: Ed04 1/1
CORDELLIER PALIER
H21 ARBRE
32
ASP/SUCT.
100
BEARING SHAFT 50 HZ
Visa: REF/DISCH. 80
ED01 : 04.02.94

ED02 : 04.12.96
AC073090/ML
ED03 : 24.06.97
AC073438/ML
ED04 : 06.09.99
AC074185/BR

ESSAIS : DENSITE : 1
TEST CONDITIONS : 5986851C VISCOSITE : 1 CST
 719570
Etabli par:

ROINSOLLE NO 100-200V 2950 TR/MN

RPM
Visa:
Vrifi par: Ed04 1/1
CORDELLIER PALIER
H21 ARBRE
32
ASP/SUCT.
125
BEARING SHAFT 50 HZ
Visa: REF/DISCH. 100

ED01 : 04.02.94

ED02 : 04.12.96
AC073090/ML
ED03 : 24.06.97
AC073438/ML
ED04 : 06.09.99
AC074185/BR

ESSAIS : DENSITE : 1
TEST CONDITIONS : 5986853C VISCOSITE : 1 CST
 SOLUTION
Exercice : Static pressure
Static pressure determination

Case 1 Case 2
Geometric head : 20 m Geometric head : 3,5 m

B B

Network temperature : Discharge : . 90C

Suction : 70C

Which are the static pressure in both case :

Case 1 2,8 b 27,7m

Case 2 1,4 b 13,6 m

Justify your answer

Case 1 : 20 + 4,7 + 3 = 27,7 m (4,7 of vapor tension , 3 of security margin)

Case 2 : 3,5 + 7,1 + 3 = 13,6 m (7,1 of vapor tension , 3 of security margin)
EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - Static pressure Page 40
 SOLUTION
Exercice : Tank filling and emptying

Draw an installation allowing to fill and drain alternatively each one of the tanks to the other with
only one pump.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - Filling and emptying Page 41

 SOLUTION
Exercice : Water transfert

Graphic solution required

Variable level Constant level

10 m 10 m

0m

Requested flow : 100 m3/h

friction looses in the pipe network : 8 m a 100m 3/h

mWC
26
24
22
20
18
16
The pump
14 will operate
12 in this area

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 25 50 75 100 125 m3/h

Draw the pump's running range

Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - Water transfert Page 42

 SOLUTION
Exercice : Two pumps running in parallel

Closed loop

1- The drawing below represents the curve of two identical pumps running in parallel.
Draw the curve for only one pump running.

2- The friction looses in the loop for one pump running is 20 m head.
What is the flow for one pump running alone ? 50 m3/h
What is the flow for two pumps running in parallel ? 57,5 m3/h

3- For a different network, keeping the possibility to have one or two pumps running,
What would be the maximum flow for 2 pumps in parallel 65 m3/h

m Head
36
34
32
30 2 pumps running
28
26
24
22
20 1 pump running
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
3
m /h

Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - 2 p. paral closed Page 43

 SOLUTION
Exercice : Two pumps running in parallel

Open network

The hereunder drawing represents the curve for 2 pumps running in parallel
The geometric head is 16 m

1- Friction losses for one pump running is 4 m

What's the flow for one pump? 50 m3/h
What's the flow for two pumps in parallel? 72 m3/h

2- Friction losses for one pump running is 8 m

What's the flow for one pump? 38 m3/h
What's the flow for two pumps in parallel? 46 m3/h

m Head
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 m3/h
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Choose the right pump in the catalogue.

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - 2 p. paral open Page 44

 SOLUTION
Exercice : Speed variation

Pump's speed calculation

The hereunder graph represents a pump curve at 3000 rpm.
1- 3
What's the pump's speed for a duty of 110 m /h at 14m head ?
2- The efficiency for the equivalent duty on the original curve is of 75%.
What's the input power at 110 m3/h @ 14 m head with a 2 points reduction of the efficiency?

20
Calculation : head at 110m3/h = 20 m, ratio is : = 1,195
14
3000
Speed : = 2510 rpm
1,195
Check : 3
Corresponding head : 110 x 1.195 = 131.45 m /h
Corresponding flow : 14 x 1.195 x 1.195 = 20 m head
The speed extrapolation gives a duty point higher than the original curve, so the speed
difference is too high.
Correction : Draw the line between the calculated point and the required point, it crosses
the original curve at 125 m3/h @ 18 m head.
131,45 / 125 = 1,0516
New speed : 2 510 * 1,0516 = 2 640 rpm
Check : 3000 / 2640 = 1,136
flow 110 x 1,136 = 124,96 m3/h Head 14 x 1,136 x 1,136 = 18,06 m head.

110 14
Power : = 5,75 kW
367 0,73
m Head
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
m /h

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - Speed variation Page 45

 SOLUTION
Exercice : Power - Power input

1- An installation requires a flow of 150 M 3/H and a head of 53 mWC

Suction head is 3 m
Pumped fluid : water, temperature of 10C, sea level
Suction pipes : 125 mm
Discharge pipes : 100 mm

The duty point has to be respected

The impeller diameter can be adjusted

Choose with the help of the 4 following curves the most economic solution
Choice : NO65-200 with a 214 impeller - NPSHr of 6,5 m
2- Define the elements characterizing the pump and the installation with the following conditions,
without changing the viscosity

Nota : For the power caculation, a 90% motor efficiency is admitted whatever the load is.

Cost for 8000h

P3 P2 P1
Liquid Density Q (m3/h) Head (m) NPSHa at 0,60 F per
(kW) (kW) (kW)
kWh

Water 1 150 53 7,33 27,42 30 or 37 30,47 146 242 F

Gasoil 0,85 150 53 9,15 23,31 30 25,9 124 306 F

Soda 1,4 150 53 4,38 38,39 45 42,65 204 739 F

3- Is the selected pump able to transport in the conditions defined at point 1 the diferent liquids
regardless the material matters?
NO, THE NPSH AVAILABLE FOR THE SODA IS BELOW NPSH REQUESTED

EN hydraulic courses.xls Solution - Power consumption Page 46

 719565
Etabli par:

ROINSOLLE NO 65-200V 2920 TR/MN

RPM
Visa:
Vrifi par: Ed04 1/1
CORDELLIER PALIER
BEARING H10 ARBRE
SHAFT 24
ASP/SUCT.
80 50 HZ
Visa: REF/DISCH. 65
ED01 : 04.02.94

ED02 : 04.12.96
SOLUTION
AC073090/ML
ED03 : 24.06.976,5 m
AC073438/ML
ED04 : 06.09.99
AC074185/BR

53 m

150 m

27,42kW

ESSAIS : DENSITE : 1
TEST CONDITIONS : 5986848C VISCOSITE : 1 CST