FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

KC01102: PROJEK PENYELIDIKAN I

SEMESTER I
2017/2018

FYP PROPOSAL
TITLE : Ground Water Treatment For Integrated
Farming System

SUPERVISOR : Prof. Ir. Dr. Rosalam Hj Sarabatly

DATE OF SUBMISSION : 13th October 2017

STUDENTS DETAILS:
NAME: Siti Naziha Raihana Binti Aliddin
MATRIC NO: BK14110051
PROGRAMME: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (HK03)
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Sabah receive almost 929.8mm of rainfall monthly (Ministry of Science, 2016) and
there are a lot of water resources but somehow there are still water shortage problem arise.
Water supply become insufficient especially during long dry spell. In a traditional era, most
villagers use water from well as their water supply from drought since it can be built next to
their house thus saving them a lot of time walking to the rivers. Well also had been widely
used for daily life to overcome water shortage. However, there are some problem regarding
to the well water that caused people to stop using it. For an example, the water contains high
levels of dissolved magnesium and calcium which cause hard water. Another, cloudy or dirty
water and the odour. Therefore, a ground water treatment system is required to solve this
problems. Filtration with sand as a media is one of the alternative to treat the ground water
since it is cost effective and it can remove contaminants from the water. The target group of
this project are locals at Kampung Pilajau, Beaufort.
Kampung Pilajau is located in Beaufort which is one of district located in Interior
Division of Sabah, Malaysia, is a quiet provincial town about 90 kilometres south of Kota
Kinabalu. According to Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2010, the population in
Beaufort was estimated to be around 68,318 (Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, 2010). Beaufort
has been suffering from an increasing shortage of water due to the demand water which
exceeds the water supply and Kampung Pilajau suffers similar issues. Hence, this project is
carried out to optimize the sand filtration for the rural people to use and to maintain hence
solving their water crisis. For this project, it will focusing on the physical process of sand
filtration which is commonly used to remove the sedimentation of the water.

2.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

This project is carried out to solve water shortage of rural people in Kampung Pilajau,
Beaufort and also to educate them in using the technology to ease their life. There are many
well built in the village but they had stopped using it since there are no systematic system to
treat the water and also to supply the water into their houses. Thus, a sand filtration system
will be designed to produce clean water at about 5000L per day as to improve their lifestyle
and also to solve water problems. Other than that, this project is done to study on grain size
distribution of sand and also the method to be used to treat the sand before being used to
increase its efficiency to eliminate any undesired material inside the water. Next, the type of
sand to be used also need to identify in order to ensure the quality of water follow the standard
of MWA.

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3.0 OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this project are:
1. To complete the design and assemble the water treatment system
2. To produce clean water that fulfill the standard of Malaysian Water Association (MWA) at
about 5000 L per day
3. To identify the efficient methods to be used in treating the local sand, sieve and study the
granules distribution and use it as a filter

4.0 SCOPES:

No Scopes Descriptions
Conducting a literature Using research database (Science Direct) to identify materials
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review on sand filtration that cover or are related to the sand filtration.

The ground water sample to be treated will be collected from

Collecting groundwater
2 the well that had been constructed in Kampung Pilajau,
sample
Beaufort.
The media that will be used in this filtration system will be sea
sand and river sand. Each sand will be used and its efficiency is
observed based on the quality of the water that it produces.
The gravel that will be used in this sand filtration is large gravel.
and activated carbon is used to purify the water. To produce
clean and drinkable water, non-toxic materials, free rusting,
Market survey and filter
3 resistant to scaling and no growth microorganism in the sand
media
filter tank. This plastic drum also available at the market and
lower in costing compared to the stainless steel tank. To
connect between two tanks, 15mm F&M Tapered fitting will be
used. The hydro flow will act as a small portion of filter to
transfer the filtered water to the other plastic drum. The size
that will be used is 15mm.
Conduct a set of laboratory test to analyse the particle
distribution of the grain size and its efficiency towards the
4 Analysis of filter media
quality of filtering the dirty water and its ability to produce it
about 5000L per day

Design of the sand The design will be done using Solidwork. The design must be
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filtration tank optimized in order for the rural people to use. The technology

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 used must be also optimized to ensure simple process
operations and it simplicity can be assemble not only by the
student but also by the rural people in case there are some
breakdown. Standard operation safety (SOP) in handling the
sand filter must also be included for the workers to follow and
leads to fewer corrective actions.

To analyse the quality of clean water and ensure its fulfill the
6 Result analysis
standard of Malaysian Water Association (MWA).

To discuss the meaning of the results statistically and to

interpret the findings and indicate what can be concluded from
them. The student need to indicate whether the results confirm,
totally or in part, to the original expectations or predictions. For
each hypothesis, it must be supported and discussion on any
limitation must be included. Other recommendations may also
be appropriate. In making recommendations, the result must be
shown support them. A recommendation for a preferred
alternative should include:

Recommendation and 1. Specifically stating what should be done, the steps

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conclusion required to implement the policy, and the resources
needed;

2. discussion of the benefits to the organization and what

problems would be corrected or avoided;

3. discussion of the feasibility of the proposed policy;

4. and general statement about the nature and timing of

an evaluation plan that would be used to determine the
effectiveness of the proposed policy.

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5.0 METHODOLOGY

Figure 5.1: Flowchart of the Research Methodology

Flowchart of the Groundwater Treatment process:

Figure 5.2: Process flow of Groundwater treatment

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 6.0 GANTT CHART

Project Schdule

24-Jul-17 13-Aug-17 2-Sep-17 22-Sep-17 12-Oct-17 1-Nov-17 21-Nov-17 11-Dec-17

TASK 1

TASK 2

TASK 3

TASK 4

TASK 5

TASK 6

TASK 7

TASK 7 TASK 6 TASK 5 TASK 4 TASK 3 TASK 2 TASK 1

START DATE 5-Dec-17 25-Nov-17 12-Nov-17 23-Oct-17 16-Oct-17 8-Oct-17 11-Sep-17
DAYS TO COMPLETE 5 11 14 20 7 8 27

Legend:
Task 1: Conducting a literature review on sand filtration
Task 2: Collecting Ground water sample
Task 3: Market survey and purchase of the filter media
Task 4: Analysis of filter media
Task 5: Designing of sand filtration treatment system
Task 6: Result analysis
Task 7: Recommendation and conclusion

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REFERENCES
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia. (2010). Preliminary Count Report 2010: Population and
Housing Census of Malaysia, (112), 165. Retrieved from
http://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/cl
ick.php?id=2127
Ministry of Science, T. and I. (MOSTI). (2016). Monthly Rainfall Review - Malaysian
Meteorological Department. Malaysian Meteorological Department (MetMalaysia).
Retrieved from
http://www.met.gov.my/in/web/metmalaysia/climate/climatechange/climateinformation
/monthlyrainfallreview