Writing

40IELTS WRITING TASK 2
55.Reasons of low life expectancy- people live less effects it can have on society etc.
In order to lead a healthy life, one has to be physically and mentally fit. However, with changed
scenario, people are dying unnatural death. Majorly in the developing countries, many people are
suffering from diseases that render them weak and cause untimely death. This trend has created lot
of problems for the individual in specific and the concerned country as a whole. This issue needs to
be addressed if a country aims at development and prosperous future. This essay further elaborates
the points in detail.
At the outset, there are umpteen ways in which the life expectancy rate can be improved. The first
and foremost is, that people should be worry regarding their health. Moreover, they should switch
to a healthy lifestyle rather than eating processed and genitically modified food. Apart from this,
nowadays people are increasingly becoming dependent on gadgets and appliances to do their daily
chores. Consequently they are abstaining from manual work. This is a prominent reason that can be
directly attributed to low life expectancy. Above and beyond people should manage time to balance
their professional and personal life. As, increasingly in stress and tension is also a major reason
behind the surging number of chronic ailments, nowadays.
In due course of time, a low life expectancy can effect the respective country in a phenomenol way.
Primarily, more epidemic diseases will spread rendering the population. Unable to contribute to the
growth of the country. Besides this, if the people are unhealthy and suffering from problems then
they would not be able to work efficiently, thus this would affect the proficiency at work. Moreover,
the low life expectancy is due to severe diseases like obesity, cancer, aids. Individuals suffering from
such ailments cannot work in important organisations. Thus, there would be a burden on the
government rather than a helping hand specifically in the developing and underdeveloped countries,
where there is dearth of effective health care facility. The government has to invest a huge amount
of money to import latest medical facilities and medications to cure such diseases.
In conclusion, it can be alleged that the life expectancy can be improved with a collective effort and
can result in a sound future for people and the concerned country.
8. Many people believe that social networking sites( such as facebook) have had a huge negative
impact on both individual and society.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Social networking sites for instance Facebook, are thought to by some to have had a detrimental
effect on individual people as well as society and local communities. However, in my opinion, while I
believe that such sites are mainly beneficial to the individual, I agree that they have had a damaging
effect on local communities.
With regards to individuals, the impact that online social media has had on each individual person
has clear advantages. Firstly, people from different countries are brought together through such
sites. Facebook whereas before the development of technology and social networking sites people
rarely had a chance to meet or communicate with anyone outside their immediate circle or
community. Secondly, facebook also has social groups which offer individuals a chance to meet and
participate in discussion.
On the other hand, the effect that facebook and other social networking sites have had on societies
and local communities can only be seen as negative rather than undivided people taken part in their
local community, they are instead choosing to take more interest in people online. Consequently,
the people within local communities are no longer forming close or supportive relationships .
Furthermore, society as a whole is becoming increasingly disjointed and fragmented as people spend
more time online with people they never have met face to face and who they are unlikely to ever
met in the future.
LECTURE
To begin with, social networking sites have affected the individual in more than many ways. Firstly,
due to the excessive usage of these sites people hardly meet each other. They prefer to text or leave
voice messages. As a result, it creates more confusion and less fluent conversation among
individuals consequently, creating rupture in relationships.
Apart from this, more than recommended usage on sites such as facebook has increased
dependence and finally lead to addiction. It is statistically clear that it has been the major cause of
road accidents nowadays.
Lastly, using mobile phones in leisure time for surfing these sites has had a detrimental affect on
health of people. As they are not indulging in physical activities as they waste a lot of time browsing
these sites for no reason. Similarly , it has also negatively impacted the society. Most importantly,
using these sites for socialising can be hazardous for people, there can be many fake identities with
whom we are interacting. Furthermore, lack of conventional socialising can cause deprivation of
unity among people. In others words, people do not feel part of one community. Nextly, people are
not indulging in social activities amongst each other, rather they prefer to form social groups on
these sites. Not every person can be socially active online all the time. In contrast, social gatherings,
picnics and parties are more effective for socialising.
In conclusion, social networking sites are not at a
7. Nowadays, before joining jobs, the employees have to do apprenticeship. How is it helpful for
the potential candidates? Should it be compulsory for freshers only or for the experienced
candidates as well?
INTRODUCTION
In the present scenario, despite the educational ( academic) qualification, candidates have to take
prior training before joining any company; however being an apprentice is highly recommended and
beneficial for the potential candidates. Moreover, in my opinion it should be there, not only for the
freshers but also for the experienced candidates. I will further elaborate my ideas in the forthcoming
paragraphs.
With the expansion in the service sector, new departments have been set up to address the newly
emerged problems. In order to handle these multifarious tasks the candidates need a prior job
training before commencing their work with any company or department. However, apprenticeship
is highly recommended and beneficial for the candidates.
Moreover, in my opinion this provision should not only be there for the freshers but also for the
experienced candidates. I will further elaborate my ideas in the ensuring paragraphs.
BP-1
Many ways in which this training could be a boon for the candidates:-
Gives them a practical exposure about their tasks. Moreover, they perform their duties
without the excessive tension which they will later have when they finally join the work
force.
The new candidates get familiar with the new atmosphere and get cohesive( having
cohesion)with the working environment. As it is usually difficult to adjust in a totally new
environment.
In changed scenario of technological innovation, is imperative in the part of candidates to go
for such training. As new candidates have to be equipped with up-to-date skills for handling
their tasks in future.
Additionally, apprenticeship is an indispensable aspect for freshers as they are totally new at the
professional front. There are more prone to confusion and boredom. Nevertheless, the experienced
candidates also need to go through the procedure, as organisational form and composition
10. language is the key attribute of a culture. It defines the evolution of a society and its norms or
values. However, due to the globalisation there is a trend of multilingualism gaining ground
among people of distinct cultures and races. Many reasons can be accounted for this development
which in turn has some effects on the individual as well as the society.
Learning more than one or two languages is a recent trend. Firstly people are more keen to travel to
distant places, where they want to explore new cultures and interact with people. Similarly, people
also propagate their ideas and impart knowledge for which being multilingual is essential.
Furthermore, many people are interested in history and want to read related texts. As most of these
texts are ancient. It is necessary to interpret the meaning and significance of the ancient literature to
transfer knowledge to the future generation. Therefore, with the knowledge of more than one-two
languages a person can gain as well as preserve knowledge.
However, the most
1. Society is experiencing an increase in crime and drug abuse due to urbanisation. What are
the reasons behind this trend?
Give some suggestions to control this problem.
1. To control unplanned development in cities.

Business- outskirts labour/ slums away from cities.
2. Demolish old and congested areas- build new infrastructure.
3. Displace slums- clearance-EG- CHD Kajehri.
4. Develop suburbs+ point 1
5. Improve standard of living in village to reverse trend of urbanisation.
REASONS
1. Concentration of population- complicated life/ busy life/not social life/peace peace is due to
drug intake/ has increase to a large extent.
2. People of diverse intentions no unity/ mistrust among people.
3. Disparity of rich and poor- richness attracts crimes. labour frusteed poor people have
mounted pressure of their traffic lives admit of those who live luxurious life . They tend to
commit violent crimes.
4. City life is busy/ hustle bustle, criminals can have narrow escape after community crime.
Alternative medicine is considered by many people nowadays as much as the conventional

medicine is used.
Discuss the positive and negative aspects of alternative medicine and give your opinion.
Health is very crucial aspect for every person. However, due to negligence people are prone
to many diseases for which they have to take various kinds of medicines. The notion of
alternative medicine is not new, it pre-dates conventional medicine and is still used by ,many
people. However, the use of alternative medicine has both positives and negatives associated
with it.
At the outset there are several reasons due to which the conventional medical community is
often dismissive of alternatives. Firstly, there has been little scientific research into such
medicine. It is not tested and components are not in a measured quantity, therefore the
results could be varied and irregular. Moreover, people take not such treatment on
recommendations of relatives and friends. But not every person is cured with a guarantee;
certain failures have led to increase in a pessimistic viewpoint about alternative medicines.
Furthermore, such medicines; patients do not have a long term treatment; patients do not get
instant relief from their pain or chronic diseases. Another point is that, there is need for
evolution in this form of medicine since the type and number of ailments have outgrown.
Thus, such medicines, even though being effective, do not treat all the diseases at large.
On the another hand, there remain strong arguments for the use of alternative medicines.
Despite the lack of scientific proof, there is a lot of anecdotal evidence to suggest that these
medicines work. Initially, these medicines do not have any side effects which are quite
evident after the usage of conventional medicine. Similarly , the effects of its treatment is far-
reaching as it uproots the diseases, while the conventional medicines give a temporal
treatment.
Conclusively, it can be said that, even if there are few benefits of the alternative medicines, it
is largely condemned reliable as a medical treatment .
Some people think that to introduce new infrastructure for the growing
population in the cities the government ought to wipe out the greener area.
Introduction -The urban areas are growing and developing at a fast pace as
more and more people are migrating to cities. It is believed that, to
accommodate the increasing population in these areas, city authorities must
clear the green areas. I totally disagree with this viewpoint.
BP-1 Topic sentences- At the outset green areas in cities have immense
importance.
Fresh air is crucial to lead a healthy life.

For example- New Delhi/ Ludhiana.
Trees add beauty to the city.
For example- Chandigarh
Climatic/weather conditions.
For example- home to creatures such as birds/ squirrels etc.
BP-2 Furthermore, there are certain ways to improve city infrastructure

without promoting deforestation.
Construct multi-storey buildings rather than segregated houses.

Buildings and factories to be allocated barren and waste land outside the
cities. Should be away from cities.
Besides, to improve city infrastructures, rather than just focusing on
constructing new building, old ones must be maintained and refurbished.
CONCLUSION- Even though city infrastructure must be changed, wiping out

green regions is not the solution, government should come up with other ways.
Many cities around the world have huge areas covered by old ruins or
monuments which should be demolished as to introduce new and modern (well
-equipped) architecture.

Cities have evolved in time. However, there have been certain aspects which
have not been changed. As for the old monuments across the world, remain
intact. Many believe, these should be demolished to meet the demands of
modern infrastructure, which is to be introduced to make the cities more
attractive/as per the present standards. I totally disagree with this conviction
as these ruins are not just worthless, they represent a lot of things which are
relevant till date.
Tourism
Importance- local identity
Global identity- examples of Taj Mahal. Tower Eiffel.
In certain places like Venice
City building cannot be demolished/only
refurbished/renovated/maintained.
Every city has its history, which is represented by such ruins and
monuments. For the coming generations, if we demolish the present state
of these monuments, then they would not be able to visualize the actual
area, and only read and see about it in pictures.
Conclusively, in my viewpoint, the ruins too have a worth, even though they take
a major land areas, there is no need to demolish them.
1. Tourism is developing day by day, there are umpteen factors supporting this development.
Discuss advantages and disadvantages of tourism for different countries in the world.
Nowadays, people are very fond of travelling. Therefore, tourism as an industry has grown to a large
extent in almost all the countries. There are ample of reasons behind the growth of tourism
worldwide. However, there are also some drawbacks associated with tourism. This essay will discuss
both the merits and demerits of tourism across the globe.
There are number of factors supporting the tourism it is because of the tourism industry is
developing day by day. Government of almost all the countries are taking initiatives in order to
promote tourism. The most important part the tourism plays is that it brings the foreign exchange to
a country because of which it raises the economy of the country. Secondly, it gives employment to a
number of people who are working in this sector. For example, the people who are working in the
hotel, transportation tourist etc. the local residents get benefit from the tourism by selling their local
products to the tourists. For example: materialistic things made up of jute basket or any local
traditional handloom for which it is famous through tourism one can promote the cultural exchange
program in the indirect manner which will create the cultural supervision of the country abroad.
Despite all its merits there are some disadvantages too. Tourists who are visiting a particular country
do not respond well to the local customs and tradition because of which the sentiments of the local
residents get affected. It leads to the cultural business among the local people and the tourists.
Sometime it is seen that the tourists visiting the particular tourist destination exploit the resources
available over their either they will spread waste or will try to exploit the scenic beauty of the place
which leads to the anti-tourism aspect among local people. Tourists are more attracted towards the
Greenery when they visit such destination many a times knowingly or unknowingly it leads to the
exploitation of that particular area. Furthermore, the pollution caused by crowd such as noise
pollution and visual pollution effects the surrounding of the area. The litter which is spread by the
uncivilized people affects the grandeur of the locality or the monument.
In the last it can be concluded that the tourism is an important employment providing sector to the
number of people and it has directly or indirectly benefited the people and it has many advantages
but it has led to the exploitation of the natural beauty so that government of the particular country
should take initiative and should encourage eco-tourism in this manner the tourists can enjoy scenic
beauty and prevent its exploitation too.
2. With the increased global demand in oil and gas, undiscovered areas of the world should be
opened up to access more resources.
With the increased in world population demand for natural resources has risen to a large extent. It is
hence said that to meet this global demand, the explored areas should be rendered open for further
consumption. I staunchly disagree with this viewpoint.
Most of the resources have been consumed by the mankind. Due to the depletion in resources more
areas are being explored to full fill the rising demand of the people. However, if the access is given to
those in need, every bit of the oil and gas would be consumed and the life on earth would be in
danger. The reservoir of oil and gas is limited and it takes millions of years to compete reactions in
fossils to produce these resources. Hence, if people consume it all at such a fast pace then the future
generations would face problems.
In my opinion rather than allowing the usage of unexplored areas, more sophisticated means of
energy production should be introduced. For instance, Netherlands is encouraging use of electric
cars and has made vehicle- free zones in cities for cycling. Another alternative would be solar energy
which is a renewable source of power. It can be sustained and re-used by people, further
exploitation of natural reserves would be required. Therefore, hence the government should not
allow exploration in the undiscovered areas in order to preserve the left over energy resources for
the generation to come.
In conclusion, I highly condemn the ideas of opening up the gateway to areas which are not yet
discovered for consumption.
Some people claim that not enough of the waste from homes is recycled. They say that the only
way to increase recycling is for governments to make it a legal requirement.
To what extent do you think that laws are needed to make people recycle more their waste?
With the population burst, consumption has risen immensely. However, people have been incapable
to deduce the amount of waste they produce on daily basis. It is therefore believed that in order to
emphasize waste reduction and recycling, the authorities ought to intervene by introducing
corresponding laws. Though, I majorly agree with this view, however I still feel that individuals would
have to do this instinctively.
Legitimate measures from the government can be fruitful in many ways. Firstly, it is quite prevalent
from the degradation of natural resources such as rivers and fresh water outlets, that people have
been reluctant to recycle and reuse waste they produce. It is proved by statistics that yearly
production of waste has been unprecedented. Governments have to bring stringent rules to make
sure that every individual adheres to the aspect of recycling. For instance, governments in some
countries have introduced dustbins which weighs the amount of waste and charges the people as
per the weight of the garbage they dispose off. Furthermore, this phenomenon of recycling is
unheard of by many people. Especially, the poor and deprived sector of the society have no clue of
the importance of recycling, reusing, reproducing. Hence, the authorities have to ascertain that
adequate resources are allocated and knowledge is imported to those people. Lastly, environment
sustainability is today the top most priority of every nation's government. Thus, new laws have to be
induced and old ones need to be revised in order to be certain that products are being recycled and
precious natural reserves such as forests and sustained.
However, individuals can be pro-active at their own end too. It is the foremost duty of every human
being to protects the natural resources which are almost on verge of depletion as suggested by
geologists and scientists. We would not want to be the generation which turned a blind eye to the
havoc created by our predecessors. As a matter of fact, people have to be assertive in order to
underpin and make an impact. Recycling waste can be done at home, in schools, in neighbourhood
and in small towns.
3. "Prevention is better than a cure". Researching and treating diseases is too costly so it would be
better to invest in preventing measures.
Preventive measures are not always for see able, as there are many diseases such as cancer and
arthritis which emerge due to various reasons. One cannot take count of. Hence, if there would be
less research in curing the problem. People would die in vain. Besides, with the changed
environment, there are new types of diseases emerging across the parts of the world, which require
an antidote, it cannot be prevented as people are not aware about its preventive measures.Apart
from this, research and treatment has brought humankind into a new era, medical advancement
goes hand in hand with introducing cures for problems. Many people have been treated successful
who were suffering from cancer, they today can live healthy life. despite the cost involved in the
treatment.
Though preventive measures are equally important, because if people can avoid the problems then
it would definitely be good for them. For instance, obesity is a common phenomenon, it is because
people do not mend their eating habits. Thus they get prone to problems such as heart diseases,
cholesterol etcetera. If they tend to improve their diet and boos excess weight then they can
successfully prevent fatal diseases. No matter how much one prevents, oaring to the present
circumstances where the quality of food consumption is low. People are highly prone to diseases.
Hence, a cure is undispensable.
4. As men do most of the high level jobs, the government should encourage that a certain
percentage of these jobs have to be reserved for women.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?
GENERAL LINES- The 21st century has heralded a change in the nature of the workforce employed in
the companies today. Women specifically have been seen working in almost all domains.
Paraphrase - however, men have a major share of the top position in the companies, therefore it is
believed that some of these position should be reserved for women.
Thesis statement - I majorly agree with this conviction.
I majorly disagree with this conviction and I believe reservation would not be a favourable.
Although I believe that women should be recommend for top position, i refuse that some proportion
ought to be reserved for men .
BP-1. TOPIC SENTENCE.
To begin with, reservation system can be introduced for women to work at high-designation.
BP-2 Now ever, giving women this privilege can be catastrophic in some respect.
AGREEMENT
- Women traditionally been under unrepresented.
-many third world country's have reserved seats for woman to ensure both genders are being
represented.
-balance - harmony in society.
It would encourage women to become more career oriented and be financially independent and can
play role of breadwinner for the family which is generally a men's thing.
Consumers of certain products are women all over the world. Hence, in that case women are
recommended at high decision making levels. So, that they can deliver possibly favourable services
to consumers as per their feminine taste.
5. Stress has become a part of person's life now a days.
Why do people take stress?
How it can be prevented?
GENERAL LINES-These days the lifestyle of people have evolved a lot, in past it was less complicated,
but today there are many aspects which cause tension, stress and anxiety among the individuals.
PARAPHRASE-Hence, it can be noticed that many people are living a stressful life.
THESIS STATEMENT- there are several reasons behind this trend and some solutions can prove
useful to reduce stress.
BP-1 TOPIC SENTENCE-People gain stress owing to many reasons.
Cut-throat competition/ stress of choosing right career.

For example- in India, right career because of the high demographic trends, college options
are scarce.
At professional front- work pressure/ deadlines private sector jobs- tiring/ long shift timings.
No social life.
Rising amount of disputes and problems in family - divorce cases luked- isolation.
BP -2
Nevertheless, there are certain measures which can prove effective to reduce stress level among
people nowadays.
Study groups/help of internet/ tutions/ career metors conselors/ physical activities.

Indulging in hobbies and activities in leisure time- reduce stress. For instance, photography,
watching movies etcetera.
Spend ample amount of time with family. Cut- down the time spent using gadgets and on
internet- emphasize on family members and look forward to spend time with them.
CONCLUSION- It can be said that through stress seems to become integral in lives of people.
However, they can avoid it in many ways if they are determined to do so.
6. Road accidents are increasing on a rapid scale. What are the reasons behind this trend? How
can the government improve road safety?
Introduction- road safety - its importance. General lines - as there has been an increase in number
of road mishaps it is imperative to take an action against the defaulters.
Thesis statement- many reasons can be attributed for this trend. However, these are solutions to
this problem.
BP-1 Topic sentence, there are several reasons for the escalation in the number of road mishaps.
Over speeding- can be fatal.
Use of mobile phone while driving - causes distraction.
Traffic rules not followed by people.
Alcohol consumption is causing many accidents.
BP-2Topic sentence - nevertheless, there are measures to tackle this issue.
The licencing authorities should devise more strict rules to ensure that a trained person is
allowed on road.
Nominal fines do not work to alarm people about being law- abiding. Hence, manu penalities
should be imposed on defaulters.
Government should introduce a subject of road safety in school, so that students have at
least a theoretical insight of this aspect.
In conclusion, it can be said that, road accidents are enormously increasing, for which
government has to reintroduce certain measure and implement them effectively.
7. some people opine that parents should regularly monitor their Children's activities on daily
basis, however, others say that children should be given a certain amount of liberty.
Discuss both the views and give your opinion.
Introduction- In the present scenario, with the trend of nuclear family, parenting has become or
challenge. There are many approaches to nurture children as well as it is a very demanding task.
It is believed that parents ought to regulate their wards all the time, whereas others say that some
freedom has to be given to the individuals.
This essay will discuss both the views in detail in the forthcoming paragraphs.
BP-1 Topic sentence- at the outset, a strict parenting can have many implications.
Make sure that children are not inclined towards wrong habits- bad company etc.
Over- indulgence in play or unproductive activities can make children lethargic. Parents can
direct them towards studying.
Parents guidance is quite essential to make children disciplined and abiding these traits are
very important.
BP-2 However, giving excess freedom to children can be consequential.
Lack of communication - can reduce the amount of bonding and reliability the children spare
with parents.
Children in a tender age are impulsive, they need space, as they are grown. Hence, much
indulgence of parents can be problematic in some cases.
Conclusion- it seems to me that children should be given adequate amount of freedom to exercise
their free will, but at a certain age, as freedom can be hazardous too.
8.Visa regulations should be relaxed for overseas students.
Do you agree or disagree?
Introduction- Nowadays, students are preferring to go abroad to pursue their higher studies, as
there are many opportunities. In this context, some people opine that governments abroad should
ease the visa procedures for these students who intend to study in the institution overseas.
I majorly agree with this view-
I majorly disagree, as I believe that rules should be strict even for students who migrate to other
countries for education.
BP-1 a. At the outset, visa applications need to remain stringent due to numerous reasons.
b. At the outset, visa applications need to be less stringent owing to following reasons.
Harassment - distend/worry/torment for pupils and their parent.

Dreams of many students shattered- de motivating for deserving ones.
Trend of globalisation.
Opportunities are international[ international study env.]
Educational gained abroad will also give a multi-national exposure.
However, this could also pose a potential threat to the concerned country.
Security concerns.
Students lack genuine gender of study. Hence, disgracing educational institutes by being
non-serious students.
Students usually settle here after studying/ grab employment opportunities to the native
people.
Conclusion- I believe, that laws should be easy enough for a student to at least gain knowledge with
proper verification of basic credentials
9.Visa regulation should be relaxed for overseas students.
- procedures/process time consuming frustrating.
-countries with strict visa-laws - USA- security measures.
-(visa applications to be made less stringent)- TS- BP-1
-(this could potentially abuse the system if more lenient)TS- BP-2
I majorly agree with the given view.

-visa applications and process is too lengthy and complicated.
Too many critericis to slow/ verify/ rectify. This creates harassment for a student his family.
As a layman is incapable for visa. Therefore, they have to hire expensive agents.
Studying in foreign country is dream for many aspiring students. If they cannot or not able to
full fill their dreams due to some complications in visa, then it would be quite de motivating
for them
Another point could be that every student has a right to education, and in the present competitive
scenario, studying in foreign university is of utmost importance, owing to the trend of globalisation,
**as understanding different cultures is also the motive and not just education. They have an
intention to work and get employment and hence they are somehow disgracing the education by
being non-serious student.
BP-2 However, relaxing visa can also have severe implication.
-security concerns -USA- post strict laws.
-usually, students do not have a genuine agenda of studying.
-many students who study in foreign countries, prefer skilling there as they get recruited as per their
qualipmeation after completing their study, this has proved to be hazardous for native, as they are
losing their jobs to the migrants from abroad.
10. problems with environmental pollution have become so serious that many countries are trying
to solve their problems.
What is the situation in your countryand how these problems are dealt with?
Environmental hazards are being witnessed all over the world in different regions. There has been
much speculation about dealing with these problems recently. However, in this essay I shall discuss
the situation in my country and put forth some solutions to it.
BP-1 The environmental degradation in my country is an serious as it is being seen in our country
across the globe. The foremost aspect in the rising proportion of population; many people have
demands regarding consumption of natural resources. The most grave solution can be seen in cities,
where private car owners are increasing and causing pollution at a massive scale. For instance in
New Delhi, living standards as the quality of air is so poor, that people are facing major respiratory
disorders. Apart from this
11. some people think that to introduce new infrastructure for the growing population in the cities
the government ought to wipe out the greener area.

Introduction -The urban areas are growing and development at a fast pace. More and more people
are migrating to cities. It is believed that to accommodate the increasing population in these areas,
city authorities have to clear the green areas. I totally disagree.
BP-1 Topic sentences- At the outset green areas in cities have immense importance.
Fresh air is crucial to lead a healthy life.

For example- New Delhi/ Ludhiana .
Trees add beauty to the city.
For example- Chandigarh
Climatic/weather conditions.
For example- home to creatures such as birds/ squirrels etc.
BP-2 Furthermore, there are certain ways to improve city infrastructure without promoting
deforestation.
Construct multi- storey buildings rather than segregated houses.

Buildings and factories to be allocated barren and waste land outside the cities. Should be
away from cities.
Besides, to improve city infrastructures, rather than just focussing on constructing new
building, old ones have to be maintained and refurbished.
CONCLUSION- Despite the fact that city infrastructure has to be changed, wiping out green regions
is not the solution, government should come up with other ways.
12. Many cities around the world have huge areas covered by old ruins or monuments which
should be demolished as to introduce new and modern(well -equipped) architecture.
cities have evolved in time. However, there have been certain aspects which have not been changed.
As for the old monuments which represent the history and culture of any region across the world,
remain intact. Many believed, these should be demolished in order to meet the demands of modern
infrastructure, which is to be introduced to make the cities more attractive/as per the present
standards. I do not agree with this conviction as these ruins are not just worthless, they represent a
lot of things which are relevant till date.
Tourism
Importance- local identity
Global identity- examples of Taj Mahal. Tower Eiffle.
In certain places like Venice
City building cannot be demolished/only refurbished/renovated/maintained.
Every city has its history, which is represented by such ruins and monuments. For the coming
generations, if we demolish the present state of these monuments, then they would not be able to
visualise the actual area, and only read and see about it in pictures.
Hence in my viewpoint, the ruins too have a worth, even though they take a major land areas, there
is no need to demolish them.
13. Nowadays more and more young people hold the important positions in the government.
Some people think that it is good thing while others agree that it is not suitable.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
INTRODUCTION- government as representative body constitute people( leaders) chosen on different

criteria, it is true that the number of young people who holds high responsibility are growing while
some support/ some oppose the view.
BP-1 At the outset, young people in government are quite important, and are outshining their old
counterparts .
Youth, creative/ up- to-date - innovative break-through

-management and policies.
Young people have vigour and energy, and full- life time lead to devotes for their familiesa.
Young represents the nation's future. Hence, they need to indulge in govt- working bodies so
that the country is directed towards progress and new outlook.
BP-2However, there are certain arguments against this.
It is difficult for younger people to make older people accept their leadership.
Young people lag capabilities of a charismatic/leader.
Young people lack wisdom, that only comes with age and experience.
Government - representation of all age groups. Hence, they young people are booked down
upon as they shall represent only their age group and not the others.
CONCLUSION-Although, there are strong arguments for both views but I believe that it is beneficial
that more young people are being selected to play key roles in the government.
14.some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be enjoyable. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
Some hobbies are relatively easy, while others present more of a challenge. Personally, I believed
that both types of hobby can be fun, and I therefore disagree with the statement and hobbies need
to be difficult in order to be enjoyable.
On the other hand, many people enjoy easy hobbies. One example of an activity that easy for most
people is swimming. This hobby requires very little equipment, it is simple to learn ,and it is
inexpensive. I remember learning to swim at my local swimming pool when I was a child, and it
never felt like a demanding or challenging experience. Another hobby that i can find easy and fun is
photography. In my opinion, anyone can take interesting pictures without knowing too much about
the technicalities of operating a camera. Despite being straightforward, taking photos is asatisfying
activity.
On the other hand, difficult hobbies can sometimes be more exciting. If an activity is more
challenging, we might feel a greater sense of satisfaction when we manage to do it successfully. For
example, film editing is a hobby that requires a high level of knowledge and expertise. In my case, it
took me around two years before I became competent at this activity, but now I enjoy it more
pleasure when we reach a higher level of performance because the results are better and its feeling
of achievement is greater.
In conclusion, simple hobbies can be fun and relaxing, but difficult hobbies can be equally
pleasurable for different reasons.
15.Completinmg university education is thought by some to be the best way to get a good job. On
the other hand, other people think that getting experience and developing soft skills is more
important.
In the contemporary scenario, employment opportunities are scarce. Hence, there isa great deal of
competition for obtaining a good job. Some people opine that having a sound academic
qualification is the foremost criterion for securing a job while others say that one should have
relevant experience and required skills for the job.
16.
It is true that many parents purchase a multitude of playthings for their offspring. Whether or not
this is good thing for the child, is a moot point. On the face of it the advantages seen most apparent,
but could there be a downside to this phenomenon of devoted parenting as well?
Most people would consider children who have many toys to be the fortunate ones. Interesting
things to play with stimulate many positives in the young boy or girl, such as optimum brain
development, hand -eye coordination and colour recognition, apart from the simple joy of playing.
Modern toys are designed to be educational as well as fun, and concerned parents carefully select
products which might speed their child's acquisition of numbers or the alphabet.
Is it possible that owing multiple toys could be in any way detrimental to a child? This is an unusual
question, but there are some hidden pitfalls. For one, wealthy parents might spoil their son or
daughter by showering him/her with toys, resulting in a negative effect on the child's character. For
another, a growing child's concentration span may suffer if they are constantly surrounded by too
many tempting objects, so that they become unable to focus on any one game for a decent length of
time before being distracted. On the social side, older children may become targets of envy from
classmates, if they are perceived as a having far more possessions than their peers. Finally, the
majority of toys are made of plastic which commonly contains the chemicals BPA, proven to be
dangerous for infants to suck on or ingest.
It is clear then that this situation is not as straightforward as it first appears. It would seem that one
of the many duties of parents is to make an informed choice about how many toys they buy for their
young ones.
17. Some people believe that International sports competitions can be helpful to prevent conflicts
which are being noticed among nations nowadays.
International conflicts and disputes have risen to a large extent. There is a lack of cooperation
among nations which has caused many wars, civil wars and destruction. It is said that international
sports competitions can ease this tension and reduce chances of confrontation and sense of hatred
among people of different nations. As per my opinion, I majorly disagree this can have some positive
impact on inter-national relations, however, it cannot fully erode the war sentiment or the conflicts
occurring in the world.
At the outset, International sports competitions may contribute in reducing the conflicts among
nation: like war, sports also involve winning and losing, however the difference is that in sports there
is a sense of appreciation for the looser and there is not ill-feeling against the oponent. Unlike in
war, there are defined rules and no one can win by unfair means. Apart from this, for organising
such events, international co-operation is indispensable, lot of money, manual labour and
management is involved. Hence, without any co-operation among nations, organising these events
would be impossible. Moreover, the sports person of different nationalist complete a international
level and by wining, they bring fame for the nation which inspires other people and also boosts
sense of patriotism among people. For example- Milka singh
However, these competitions are not always reliable to lessen the international problems. The
conflicts are so serious in nature, that international sports events cannot influence the cause of
these conflicts. For instance the Indo-Pak confrontation on Kashmir issue remains unresolved and no
sporting event can solve this issue, instead this issue heats up the competition(cricket match)
between the two countries. It in turn creates negative patriotism and feeling of hatred for the
people in the other nation. Furthermore, the most of the conflicts have an international character -
like 'Terrorism'. It is not a single nation's issue, the people who spreads terror through violent
activities cannot be deterred by these sports events happening around the world. Yet another
example, the series of contentious events in Syria in last few years have proved that the war and
destruction has its own course. Events such as sports etc cannot make a much difference.
1. nature of sports - sense of appreciation.
- No ill- feeling.
- No unfair means to win.
2. these events need lot of co-operation.
- money.
- manual labour.
- management.
3. sportsperson with boosts patriotism.
1. conflicts are serious in nature - events cannot influence serious matters.
2. no single nation can solve issues like terrorism on their own. People cannot deterred by these
events.
3. lot of money is used in these events - can be used elsewhere rather the government spend that
money or safeguarding the local public from the spoils of the war and its aftermaths.
18. The most evident victims of human right violation are the children in many developing
countries, what problems are they facing and how we can overcome those issues?
Deprived of education
Forced labour
Malnutrition
Kidnapping - sex workers
Child/ human trafficking.
Government intervention
Law
Mentality
Special forces for tracking
Spread awareness.
Schemes for food and education
Inspection- to find and abolish child labour.
19. It is not possible to perform tasks such as banking shopping and business transactions, without
meeting people face- to- face. What effects this may have on the individual and the society.
BP-1 - Saves time- more time to spend with loved ones increase societal bonding.
- secure business transactions.
- hassle free services.
- save fuel tackle problem of pollution.
- on social front/ social networking sites have enabled people to view activities of their friends etc.
BP-2 - Less satisfaction from machines.
- response to machines will make us less receptive to humans to.

- reliance on machines can one day eliminate importance of people and face-to-face xx
interactions can ruin language(authenticity) people have developed new exposure- such as 'lol' 'omg'
to express their emotions and emojis too.
20. Learning to play team sports is an important part of a child's education.
Exercise physical + mental hralth.

Important skills- teamwork, dealing with defeat, winning graciously.
Entertainment
Socialisation
However, not all the children are interested in team sports,
If sports team is forced upon them, it can also be a very disagreeable experience.
Some children like sports like chess, snooker, golf etc. by which they learn other type of skills
such as - intellectual development and focus- and getting the right angle.
Some students have keen interest in other domains, maths, science, etc, cannot impose
sports team on them as sports consume a lot of time and make the body tired due to which
one cannot focus on their primary subjects.
Sports are of great importance for the children, as most of the time students are busy in academics.
Hence, sports is important to ensure overall development of a child.
It is believed that team sports should be a vital part of student's academic curriculum.
21.Many animals are being hunted to the brink of extinction in order to fulfil the demand and
greed of mankind for decorative purposes as well as for other reasons such as traditional
medicine.
How can this issue be tackled?
A rich diversity of plants and animals exists on the planet, many of which are being exploited by
humans for their selfish interest. Many animals have come under the category of endangered
species or an already extinct. Humans have been exploiting animals since many years for their own
end. This is a matter of huge concern and should be dealt with as soon as possible.
Many ways can be listed down which can curb this menace .Since animals are un capable of fighting
for their rights, the people who righteously believe that this exploitation has to end are going hands.
There are many initiatives taken by the people who are against this exploitation. For instance, a
group of vegans have demonstrated the plight of animals kept in captivity, by putting some people(
as volunteers) in a similar situation. This is to depict that, enroaching on the rights of animals is
something in human and should be stopped immediately. There are other proponents of animals
rights who conduct rallies across the streets to propagate the cause. In the same way social
networking sites are being used as a bedims to show the people some atrocities being done on
animals by some ruthless people.
Furthermore, the Non-governmental organisations and the government are working in collaboration
to ensure that animals are not exploited at hands of some people. As there are certain people who
kill animals for fun and keep their 'heads' or torsos at home for decoration and to depict their
bravery. Government has to impose ban on such practices and should be strict with defaulters. The
NGEO'S work to discourage people from using products which are made from animals body parts like
tusks, skin, teeth as well. For instance many cosmetics constitute some animal component and bad,
belts, shoes are manufactures using skin of crocodiles and other reptiles. Such practices have been
undeterred for long and should now be totally haltered for the sake of humanity.
In conclusion, it can be said that, animals should not be deprived of the liberty, they share the eco-
system and there is a mounting aggression against people who exploit animals for their own
purposes.
22. Lot of people invest in buying affluent products for the sake of their status.
Is it a positive or a negative development?
People from distinct culture have separate outlook towards lift. Some consider spending excess
amount of money, others however prefer a simple lifestyle. Nowadays majority of the population
has become spend thrift to purchase various luxurious things to maintain their status in the society.
I believe this trend has both positive and negative points.
Materialistic
Bad influence on children
Corruption
Some can go to the extent of committing crime.
Envy/jealously
Inequality in society
However, some positives cannot be ignored. As people who receive hereditary richness, have an
obligation to maintain that legacy, they cannot isolation themselves from that lifestyle. For instance
certain royal families.
23. In many countries, traditional dress and costumes are considered effective ways of containing
links with the past.
How effective can traditional costumes be, in the sense?
What other ways exist to help citizens connect with a country's past?
Most people would agree that preserving connectors with our past in an admirable objective,
especially as the world evolves so rapidly. I feel that traditional costumes are one part of ding two,
but they are by no means the most important way of doing as such.
Admittedly, historic dress plays a key role in social events such as religion rituals or military parades,
and these events are helpful in transmitting social memes such as public duty and self - sacrifice.
Traditional costumes also remind us of the origins of cultural traditions and mythologies, for
instance the historic Swiss national dress which evokes their medieval independence.
However, it must be said that costumes are an accessory in these situations and do not appear to
constitute the central message. It is the ceremonies themselves which convey the cultural norms
that help maintain the febrile of the society. In this sense, the costumes are secondary importance.
Furthermore, it seems that there are in fact much more powerful ways in which culture is conserved
and handled down between the generations. Most countries have a rich heritage of legends and
folklore about the birth and development of their nation, some of which are mythological and some
being grounded in truth. For instance, these are English stores about Robin Hood, which are a
cultural inheritance which embodies important symbols and concepts far more effective than dress.
Similarly we must remember that significance of art and music in passing on our tradition, in forms
ranging from fine arts to handicrafts and from opera to tradihoral shanties and dirges. The presence
of visual and linguisticmnages in these media make them more effective than costumes, which
convey no language.
In conclusion, it can be said that traditional dresses should be recognised and welcomed to maintain
our culture. However, forms of story , art and music would appear to be the divine forces in this
invaluable process.
INTRODUCTION- traditional past is quite important to understand the present state of any society.
PARAPHRASE- In many souting an influential way to remain connected with roots to emphasize on
traditional dresses or costumes.
THESIS STATEMENT- this essay will discuss the importance and relevance of not only dress but also
other contributing factors to presence the past like win.
BP-1 1.At the outset importance of dress can be explained in the following lines.
2. ceremonies are more profound, when are clubbed with traditional dresses. For instance,
marriages are the major events when, tradition is reflected by the means of outfits worn.
3. the traditional costumes also tells us about the importance of a particular member of the society/
and their region. For example, India is a land of diversity, which is represented by various dresses in
every cultural and its region.
BP-2However, there are other more pressing factors which determine a connection with the past.
1. Consumers - only accessory- do not deliver a strong central message of history/ cultural/
practices.
2. countries have legends/folklore/mythologies which give us a glimpse of our distant past and an
understanding our rich heritage.
To exemplify- the epic of Ramayana and Mahabharata.
3. Significance of art and music( fine arts to handicrafts, monuments, caves sculptures)
Traditional and classical music represents the soueties evolution.
4. Language- convey much more.
24. Some people think that exercise is the key to health. While others feel that having a balanced
diet is more important.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion
A healthy body dwells in a healthy body, but many people today do not adhere to this. Hence,
people have become prone to serious ailments. In this context some people consider that by
exercising one can attain desired health others however have an opinion that right nourishment
plays a distinctive role to have a sound wealth. This essay shall look into both the view points in
detail.
At the outset, a healthy lifestyle can be rightly achieved by doing exercise in routine. With the
change in lifestyle or addition of more comfort in daily life people have a lost their physical well-
being. The body requires some amount of physical workout to function properly. For instance, rise in
obesity among people is a clear example of changed life. Habits of people are so much addictive to
comfort and live in a sedentary lifestyle which has had many harmful effects on their health.
Therefore, practicing yoga/ gyming/ or any other physical exercise is need of the hour.
However, nourishment is also important to transform one's body into a fit one. A good diet is crucial
for attaining a right physical fitness. The amount of diet that ought to be consumed is different for
every age group as per their amount of physical exertion. As energy is gained from food only. But
people are indulged in wrong habits which is making them unfit. Hence, right amount of nutrients as
per the body need are very important to keep a person fit. Not all individuals can do labourers
exercises. There a balanced diet can help them to attain desirable results. Even in many gyms , diet
counselling is equally crucial as the training.
In conclusion, i believed that in the current scenario both exercises add nourishment have to go
hand-in-hand if physical fitness needs to be maintained.
25. Many cities around the world have seen an explosion in the number of supermarkets
appearing on the high street and in out-of- town shopping centres. This development has led to
benefits for all.
INTRODUCTION- In the last few decades, the trend of supermarkets have emerged in developing
countries specially in cities or suburbs. Many people believe that this has proved to be
advantageous. I therefore agree with this statement, but I believe that it has not benefitted all the
people.
BP-1At the outset, the advent of these megastores has been consequences of this favourable
development. Firstly it has a lot to offer than local and small shops. As these supermarkets provide
similar products at relatively cheaper rates, hence the people prefer to buy those products from
these megastores rather than the local shops. This competition has enormously influenced the local
vendors.Besides these shops provide facilities like ample space for parking, easy-carrying trolleys.
Which enable people to stop easily, whereas in main local shops people have to carry shopping bags
from one shop to another which is usually quiet number some.
BP-2Another point worth mentioning is that, many people cannot afford to buy groceries or other
things in bulk as they do not have money/means. Hence the poor people rely mainly on the shops.
Another important point is that people in cities have a hectic lifestyle, therefore they do not always
have time for going to markets everyday to buy groceries. Hence, they tend to buy groceries in bulk
usually on the weekends from such stores. For instance walmarts , big Bazaar etc. local vendors who
are not able to negotiate with companies for buying products at less expensive rates are suffering a
lot. However, this trend has been consequential to an extent.
In conclusion. I would agree that supermarkets have negative impact on local business but due to
the convenience they offer, it is unlikely that they run out of business.
26. People today move to cities or new countries more than even before.
What challenges do they experience? What strategies are there to meet these challenges?
People nowadays are clearly more mobile than in the past. This is largely due to modern technology
which makes travelling and communicating easier and quicker: why do people move? Often people
re-locate to large cities for employment; some people study in English- speaking countries.
Whatever the reason, moving away from home may create many challenges, both practical and
social.
Firstly there are practical problems such as finding accommodation, managing finances, shopping
and so on. These might present challenges to someone who has not lived independently before. In
addition, adapting to a new city environment includes understanding the public transport system,
possibly in another language, while trying not to get lost. The best strategy for minimising such
anxious moments is to prepare in advance as much as possible. Thus it might be helpful to get advice
from some familiar with the area. There are also publications such as travel guides to overseas
countries which give tips and useful information. A city street directory is also very handy. Ideally,
sharing accommodation with someone who is familiar with the city or staying in a 'homestay' on
arrival in a new country, may overcome many of these problems. Homestay families or a
' sharemates' will provide company and be able to explain aspects of the new city or culture that
may seem strange at first.
There are also social and emotional issues to deal with , like loneliness or problems with the
language. Moreover, starting a new job or course mat be stressful at first. Generally, however, there
are organisations such as overseas students' associations in an educational institution, or other
sports or hobby clubs where it is possible to meet people and make friends.
In conclusion, although there are many challenges when leaving home for a new city or country,
planning in advance can transform an ordeal into an adventure.
27. Working from home has been beneficial for employees rather than the Boss.
In the present scenario, employment patterns have changed immensely owing to the technological
innovation and advancement. Internet has influenced in almost every profession which has given a
rise to telecommuting.However, it is argued that this has been more advantageous for employees in
particular than the employers. I totally agree with this view and will discuss it in the forthcoming
paragraphs.
Many employees are now working from home. The internet has facilitated them to earn and also
stay at a home to do the household chores simultaneously. It is of utmost benefit for the employers.
At home they are not facing daily problems such as commuting, unhealthy meals and stressful
congestion in the cities. They can better schedule their working hours as per their requirement.
Moreover, working from home has immensely benefitted the women employers. As they have more
responsibilities as a homemaker and also as a professional person. Besides this, they do not have to
take maternity leave during and post-pregnancy . They seldom compromise with their careers if they
are working from home.
However,the employers are worry about this fact. Though they are mainly concerned about the
work output and task accomplishment. But, they cannot monitor the quality of work done by the
employees. Apart from this, there is a lack of healthy discussions and conversations between the
employer and the employee. As a result, team work would be discouraged which is not a good sign
for the progress of any company. Lastly, employers would not be able to take an account of the
number of hours the employers have devoted to work; in order to allocate wages.
In conclusion, it can be said that employers are undoubtedly at an advantage by working from home,
however same cannot be said for the employers.
Lecture 1
INTRODUCTION
General lines - ' The present scenario........ telecommuting.'

Paraphrase - ' however..............employers.'
Thesis statement - I totally agree.......... forthcoming paragraphs.
BODY PARAGRAPH-1
Topic sentence- At the outset, many employees have benefitted by working from home.
First idea - do household work simultaneously.
Second idea - avoid daily communities/ traffic and cost involved.
Third idea - save time, effective time management.
Benefitted women employee in many ways.
BODY PARAGRAPH-2
However, this notion has been favourable for the employers.

Employers cannot monitor quality of work.
Lack of interaction/ discuss- affects the relationship-employer-employee.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I believe that although this has been mainly advantages for evokers but it has taken its
toll on the employers.
28
30. In recent years, through the internet, air travel, trade and popular culture, globalisation has
rapidly increased. Many people believed that increased interaction between nations through
globalisation is a good thing.
Globalisation is not a recent phenomenon, explores have been travelling around the world since
centuries. However, today it has gained momentum as internet and travelling facilities have been a
major impetuous to this trend. It is believed to be beneficial in many respects but its net
repercussions cannot be ignored.
At the outset, globalisation has proved to be advantageous in more than one ways. Initially, it has
connected many countries via effective trade relations which has enhanced the development in the
various regions across the world. As a result, the economies of the world are integrated giving rise to
co-operation and diminishing likelihood of war. Apart from this, there is a profound influence on
people's professional, personal and academic lives. As, people can exchange and share their
perspectives instantly without any restrictions. Moreover, all important news is accessed
immediately via internet. Consequently these amenities have surpassed national frontiers by giving
people a new identity of being a global citizen. Furthermore, the enhancement in aerospace
technology has facilitated travellers or tourists in true sense because, the remote regions of the
world are now access able by every person. As a consequences, tourists industry has created a spur
in employment opportunities.
However, the negatives assonated with globalisation cannot be overlooked. Primarily, globalisation
of trade has hit the local companies. In other words, the multi-national corporations have squeezed
the markets, hence the profit of the native industries. In the longer run, the growing presence of
these MNC'S could threaten the governments' legitimacy and autonomy over its commercial
activities at the domestic level. Another important aspects is migratory trends , which have created
problems for governments as they ought to accommodate non- indigenous population. For
example- a recent referendum in U.K (Brexit) has proved that native people are very particular
about their national resources and undentity.
In conclusion, it seems to me that globalisation is an ongoing process and has been more beneficial
so far despite some of its negative connotations.
31. Solar energy is becoming more and more popular as a source of household energy in many
countries around the world.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy?
As the population is growing it has become important to provide energy resources to them. A
recent source of energy is becoming increasingly popular specially for household purposes, that is
the solar energy. The are several reasons behind this trend and it has certain merits and demerits.
At the outset, solar energy is a good option for household energy supply because of myriad of
reasons. Firstly, the usage in a house is not so excessive, the amount of energy required is only for
purpose like heating water, heating indoors in winters and other small aspects. Hence, it can be used
as per requirement. Secondly, as every house has different consumption, the system is installed in
every roof to ensure that every household has abundant access to the energy owing to their needs
on daily basis.
Furthermore, solar energy is beneficial in many respects. Solar energy as a source of domestic
household energy is becoming more desirable because many individuals and governments are
concerned that burning fossil fuels adds carbon to the atmosphere and thus accelerates global
warming and climate change. Others feel that nuclear power is potentially unsafe, and do not like its
associated pollution from radioactive waste. Therefore, many researchers and consumers have
looked at alternative sources of energy and have found the solar energy/power has many benefits
and few drawbacks.
The main advantage of solar energy is that after initial installation, it is entirely free and renewable,
there are no extra-costs in producing the energy. Solar energy is silent and environmental friendly.
Firstly, due to the population burst, the consumption of fossil fuels and other forms of energy is
damaging the environment and are also now scarce. It is estimated that by 2050, there would be
80% urban population, hence a high demand for energy to sustain their daily lives. In such a case
scenario, solar energy is viable option. Although, it has already supplanted other energy sources in
the household chores. Apart from this, the government is liable to cater energy supply to the
residential areas, by installing solar panels once and for all, government can save a lot of investment
which had to be done in expensive projects like building dams and using machinery and labour for oil
extraction.
However, there are certain drawbacks of this energy source. Initially, a solar energy panel is not a
cost0effective option for maximum population of the world. As people who are deprived of basic
needs cannot rely on resources, and they again depend upon more traditional sources of energy
such as fuels or electricity. Moreover, the people living in the northern hemisphere, in the extreme
north cannot depend upon solar energy due to lack of adequate sunshine in these regions.
In conclusion, it can be said that solar energy is undoubtedly an important and effective alternative
energy resources, however it cannot serve the whole population of the world.
INTRODUCTION
With the increase in the population, the consumption of various resources has increased
tremendously. Many people look for various alternatives to the conventional resources.
Solar power has become the most commonly used source of energy for domestic purposes.
There are certain merits and demerits of this trend.
BP-1
Topic sentence-to begin with, there are many advantages of using solar energy at home.
It does not produce pollution.
It can be renewed, one can save other resources which are scarce.
A household can produce its own energy and does not rely on government for power.
BP-2
Only for certain regions.

Cannot be useful in cloudy weather.
Its installation and equipment is quite expensive/cannot be afford by every household.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it can be said that, solar energy is quite beneficial, although its after effects cannot be
granted.
32.Nowadays, animals experiments are widely used to develop new medicines and to test the
safety of other products. Some people argue that these experiments should be banned because it
is morally wrong to cause animals to suffer, while others are in favour of them because of their
benefits to humanity. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
It is true that medicines and other products are routinely tested on animals before they are cleared
for human sue. While I tend towards the viewpoint that animal testing is morally wrong. I would
have to support a limited amount of animal experimentation for the development of medicines.
On the other hand, there are clear ethical arguments against animal experimentation. To use the
common example of this practice, laboratory mice may be given an illness so that the effectiveness
of a new drug can be measured. Opponents of such research argue that human have no right to
subject animals to this kind of trauma, and that the life of all creatures should be respected. They
believe that the benefits to humans do not justify the suffering caused, and that scientists should
use alternative methods of research.
On the other hand, reliable alternatives to animal experimentation may not always be available.
Supporters of the use of animals in medical research believe that a certain amount of suffering on
the part of mice or rates can be justified if human lives are saved. They argue that opponents of such
research might feel differently if the members of their own families needed a medical treatment
that had been developed through the use of animal experimentation. Personally, i agree with the
banning of animal testing for non-medical products, but I feel that it may be a necessary evil where
new drugs and medical procedures are concerned.
In conclusion, it seems to me that it would be wrong to ban testing on animals for vital medical
research until equally effective alternatives have been developed.
Animals are being exploited by humans in various ways. The most form of exploitation is using
animals to rectify new medicines by experimenting them. It is believed by some to be ethically
incorrect and thus should be banned, however others claim that it could be beneficial for the human
evolution.
There are several arguments to support the view that animal experimentation is not morally
justified. Firstly, the animals are kept in unfavourable conditions, and are being treated as
commodities. It is totally against the animal rights. The private companies do not have the authority
to conduct experiments on animals , as well as it is inhumane to do so. Moreover, the new drugs
given to these animals, could be fatal and could lead to detrimental effects as most of such
researchers believe that humans have no right to subject these creatures to this kind of trauma and
pain, their lives should be respected.
However, doing such experiments is considered in some cases. Initially, it is believed that certain
amount of suffering can be justified as there is no alternative to animal experimentation. Some
scientists also claim that experiments could prove fruitful for those animals who are already
suffering from some disease or problem. Furthermore, many breakthroughs in medical science has
cured many chronic ailments , this has only been possible due to prior animal testing. Therefore,
two practice has been contributory to the human kind in many ways. Lastly, only in the area of
medical research animal experimentation is justified to a certain extent.
In conclusion, it seems to me that animal experimentation is a necessary evil, but should be

restrained for medical study. Hence, it should not be banned.
33.Reasons of low life expectancy- people live less effects it can have on society etc.
In order to lead a healthy life, one has to be physically and mentally fit. However, with changed
scenario, people are dying unnatural death. Majorly in the developing countries, many people are
suffering from diseases that render them weak and cause untimely death. This trend has created lot
of problems for the individual in specific and the concerned country as a whole. This issue needs to
be addressed if a country aims at development and prosperous future. This essay further elaborates
the points in detail.
At the outset, there are umpteen ways in which the life expectancy rate can be improved. The first
and foremost is, that people should be worry regarding their health. Moreover, they should switch
to a healthy lifestyle rather than eating processed and genitically modified food. Apart from this,
nowadays people are increasingly becoming dependent on gadgets and appliances to do their daily
chores. Consequently they are abstaining from manual work. This is a prominent reason that can be
directly attributed to low life expectancy. Above and beyond people should manage time to balance
their professional and personal life. As, increasingly in stress and tension is also a major reason
behind the surging number of chronic ailments, nowadays.
In due course of time, a low life expectancy can effect the respective country in a phenomenol way.
Primarily, more epidemic diseases will spread rendering the population. Unable to contribute to the
growth of the country. Besides this, if the people are unhealthy and suffering from problems then
they would not be able to work efficiently, thus this would affect the proficiency at work. Moreover,
the low life expectancy is due to severe diseases like obesity, cancer, aids. Individuals suffering from
such ailments cannot work in important organisations. Thus, there would be a burden on the
government rather than a helping hand specifically in the developing and underdeveloped countries,
where there is dearth of effective health care facility. The government has to invest a huge amount
of money to import latest medical facilities and medications to cure such diseases.
In conclusion, it can be alleged that the life expectancy can be improved with a collective effort and
can result in a sound future for people and the concerned country.
34. Many people believe that social networking sites( such as facebook) have had a huge negative
impact on both individual and society.
Social networking sites for instance Facebook, are thought to by some to have had a detrimental
effect on individual people as well as society and local communities. However, in my opinion, while I
believe that such sites are mainly beneficial to the individual, I agree that they have had a damaging
effect on local communities.
With regards to individuals, the impact that online social media has had on each individual person
has clear advantages. Firstly, people from different countries are brought together through such
sites. Facebook whereas before the development of technology and social networking sites people
rarely had a chance to meet or communicate with anyone outside their immediate circle or
community. Secondly, facebook also has social groups which offer individuals a chance to meet and
participate in discussion.
On the other hand, the effect that facebook and other social networking sites have had on societies
and local communities can only be seen as negative rather than undivided people taken part in their
local community, they are instead choosing to take more interest in people online. Consequently,
the people within local communities are no longer forming close or supportive relationships .
Furthermore, society as a whole is becoming increasingly disjointed and fragmented as people spend
more time online with people they never have met face to face and who they are unlikely to ever
met in the future.
LECTURE
To begin with, social networking sites have affected the individual in more than many ways. Firstly,
due to the excessive usage of these sites people hardly meet each other. They prefer to text or leave
voice messages. As a result, it creates more confusion and less fluent conversation among
individuals consequently, creating rupture in relationships.
Apart from this, more than recommended usage on sites such as facebook has increased
dependence and finally lead to addiction. It is statistically clear that it has been the major cause of
road accidents nowadays.
Lastly, using mobile phones in leisure time for surfing these sites has had a detrimental effect on
health of people. As they are not indulging in physical activities as they waste a lot of time browsing
these sites for no reason. Similarly , it has also negatively impacted the society. Most importantly,
using these sites for socialising can be hazardous for people, there can be many fake identities with
whom we are interacting. Furthermore, lack of conventional socialising can cause deprivation of
unity among people. In others words, people do not feel part of one community. Next, people are
not indulging in social activities amongst each other, rather they prefer to form social groups on
these sites. Not every person can be socially active online all the time. In contrast, social gatherings,
picnics and parties are more effective for socialising.
In conclusion, social networking sites are not at a
35. Nowadays, before joining jobs, the employees have to do apprenticeship. How is it helpful for
the potential candidates? Should it be compulsory for freshers only or for the experienced
candidates as well?
INTRODUCTION
In the present scenario, despite the educational ( academic) qualification, candidates have to take
prior training before joining any company; however being an apprentice is highly recommended and
beneficial for the potential candidates. Moreover, in my opinion it should be there, not only for the
freshers but also for the experienced candidates. I will further elaborate my ideas in the forthcoming
paragraphs.
With the expansion in the service sector, new departments have been set up to address the newly
emerged problems. In order to handle these multifarious tasks the candidates need a prior job
training before commencing their work with any company or department. However, apprenticeship
is highly recommended and beneficial for the candidates.
Moreover, in my opinion this provision should not only be there for the freshers but also for the
experienced candidates. I will further elaborate my ideas in the ensuring paragraphs.
BP-1
Many ways in which this training could be a boon for the candidates:-
Gives them a practical exposure about their tasks. Moreover, they perform their duties
without the excessive tension which they will later have when they finally join the work
force.
The new candidates get familiar with the new atmosphere and get cohesive( having
cohesion)with the working environment. As it is usually difficult to adjust in a totally new
environment.
In changed scenario of technological innovation, is imperative in the part of candidates to go
for such training. As new candidates have to be equipped with up-to-date skills for handling
their tasks in future.
Additionally, apprenticeship is an indispensable aspect for freshers as they are totally new at the
professional front. There are more prone to confusion and boredom. Nevertheless, the experienced
candidates also need to go through the procedure, as organisational form and composition
36. language is the key attribute of a culture. It defines the evolution of a society and its norms or
values. However, due to the globalisation there is a trend of multilingualism gaining ground
among people of distinct cultures and races. Many reasons can be accounted for this development
which in turn has some effects on the individual as well as the society.
Learning more than one or two languages is a recent trend. Firstly people are more keen to travel to
distant places, where they want to explore new cultures and interact with people. Similarly, people
also propagate their ideas and impart knowledge for which being multilingual is essential.
Furthermore, many people are interested in history and want to read related texts. As most of these
texts are ancient. It is necessary to interpret the meaning and significance of the ancient literature to
transfer knowledge to the future generation. Therefore, with the knowledge of more than one-two
languages a person can gain as well as preserve knowledge.However, the most pressingreason today
is the integration of global trade. It has lead to increase in demand of multi-lingual workforce to be
hired in the multi-national corporations. For example-' Chinese' language is important in this
perspective, as China is leading in terms of global trade.
As a result, individuals can contribute to their intellectual growth as they would benefit by breaking
the language barrier and exploring new academic and professional horizons. Apart from this, the
society would be benefitted immensely because multi-lingustic approach would unite and integrate
people. Hence, tolerance among people would enhance and there would be less possibilities of petty
disputes and chaos in the society.
Conclusively, speaking multiple languages is a positive trend and should be encouraged among
masses.
37. The government should reduce the amount of money spent on local environmental problems
and instead increase funding into urgent and more threatening issues such as global warming.
Environment sustainability is the most pressing concern in the current scenario. It is believed that
governments should allocate funds to tackle much greater problem such as global warming and
sideline. other environment issues at the local level. I completely disagree with this statement.
Many reasons withstand the fact that global warming as an environmental concern does not need
enormous funding from a country at the moment. Firstly, this phenomenon is not due to a single
country, therefore increased funding to reduce global warming would be futile. The developed
nations claim that the maximum pollution today is being produced by developing countries as they
are progressing towards industrialization and other forms of development. However the latter is of
the opinion that the western countries are to be blamed. Hence, countries have not been able to
read a consensus as to who should bear the cost of compensating the damage caused by global
warming. Furthermore, in order to fight this environmental problem, the government does not need
to allocate huge funds but has to find new ways to use current resources in an efficient manner.
On the flip side, local environment concerns should be dealt with immediately. Primarily, every
government has a jurisdiction in the matters of its own country. As a result, measures can be taken
more easily and effectively. Moreover, global warming has emerged as a grave problem only
because the local environmental concern had been left undeterred. Therefore, the governments
should definitely be more pro-active towards the regional environmental concerns, for example-
deforestation can be avoided and pollution should be controlled by polices and laws.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that more money should be pooled in for resolving local
environment concerns, rather the concerns at global level.
38. Many developing countries are seeking cordial relations with western countries to boost their
economies. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?
In the contemporary scenario, the trend of globalisation has enhanced the economic relations
among the countries. However, there are very few countries which are benefitting from these trade
relations. Most of the countries are underdeveloped and developing, they are increasingly becoming
dependent on the wealthy nations and organizations like WB and IMF. This essay will discuss the
merits and demerits of receiving aid from the rich nations.
At the very outset, there are numerous merits of seeking help from the developed countries. Firstly,
it is imperative to grow the industrial sector for the overall growth of the economy. Moreover, there
are certain resources which are indispensable for the development. For instance; coal, petroleum
and nuclear energy. However, the poor countries do not have the infrastructure, technology and the
essential raw material to produce power. Furthermore, technological innovation and research is not
so prevalant
38. A government's role is only to provide defence capability and urban infrastructure( roads,
water supply etc). all other services( education, health and social security) should be provided by
the private organisations or the individuals in the community.
To what extent you should agree or disagree with this opinion.
In today's world, the development of acountry is defined by the services and the facilities it provides
to its citizens. These services includes infrastructure, health, education etc. and is provided by means
of two channels; either government agencies or private organisations. Each of the two channels
have some pros and cons associated with them, therefore, it becomes indispensable to discuss them
in detail to have a better understanding and a clear picture. To begin with, if services like education,
health and social security are provided by private organisations, it may lead to several advantages.
The first being the enhancement in the quality of service offered, be it in education or health. Private
organisations can also attract better resources in terms of manpower, equipment and technology.
Furthermore, it would create more employment which would eradicate unemployment. But as we
know, pros are always followed by some cons.
Therefore, on the flipside, if private organisations come into play, then it would create inequality as
they might treat rich people differently as compared to the poor people. Moreover, private
organisations will decide the cost of the services which would result in tyranny and inflation. Thus,
these are the reasons for which these important services should not be provided by private
organisations.
To conclude, it can be said that a proper mix of governmental and private organisations should be
there in order to provide these services equally, effectively and qualitatively to every citizen.
39. We are becoming increasingly independent on computers. They are used in business, hospitals,
crime detection and even to fly planes. What things will they be used for in future? Is this
dependence on computers a good thing or should we be more suspicious of their benefits?
Our daily tasks comprise of enough manual labour, however today we cannot do all the tasks by
ourselves. Therefore the use of computers and informational technology has made things
convenient and instaneous (immediate). The implications and uses of computers are wide and
multifarious(faceted) in every domain of the society. For instance,education, health, public offices
etcetra. Moreover, the uses of computers can prove hazardous sometimes. This essay will shed light
on both the views in the following paragraphs.
At the outset, there have been immense advances in computer technology which has led to a
remarkable surge in its uses. Apart from this, utilization of computers has ample benefits in coming
future. Firstly, they will be used in our homes to provide security and also monitor all the appliances
and household equipments. Secondly, robotics is a very famous field of research and
experimentation which shall be highly accomplishing for societal welfare. Similarly, computers would
be able to manage our automobiles and become fully automatic in the future. Above and beyond, in
the field of telecommunication, computers have already done marvels. Moreover, there will be
further advancement that will enable us to communicate beyond known worlds. Lastly , with the
help of computers we can revolutionise the public transportation.
On the down side, the reliability on computers has burgeoned in past few years. Consequently, some
are of the opinion that this unprecedented growth will have severe repercussions. First and
foremost, is that decrease in manual labour shall render us lethargic and prone to diseases. Apart
from this, computer software are highly open to threats of cybercrime and hacking. To exemplify-
9/11 attack in U.S.A. furthermore, it is detrimental to the proper development of intellect as
computer shall perform our majority of tasks. Moreover, it is undeniable that the computers are
machines and can get damaged and show errors due to which our valuable information and data is
always in threat of getting misappropriated(stolen).
To conclude, it can be said that despite of the laudable benefits of computers in present and coming
future it has to be used more cautiously.
40. many people believe that formal 'pen and paper' examinations are not the best method of
assessing educational achievement. What other methods can be introduced in your opinion.
Imparting education is the core component for development of the country. However, the method
and assessing criteria is different in each country. The common way in which the students are
evaluated that is through yearly examinations, is being questioned. It is considered that, practically
this method is apt but in practice its disadvantages outweigh the advantages. This essay will discuss
the problems associated with this and put forward some alternatives.
At the outset, the purpose of formal examination is to check the competency of the students as per
the syllabus laid in the level/grades. Moreover, the syllabus assigned is not upgraded frequently,
which does not allow the students to get up to date study material. Along with this, the teaching in
the schools is exam oriented not learning oriented. Besides this, in order to score good marks
students do note learning without having an insight into the lessons taught at school. The students
narrow down the topic to suit the purpose of examination and thus end up having no knowledge of
their respective fields. Lastly, the real purpose of the form examination stands defeated e and ability
of students. For instance, they should be given weekly assignments and coursework. As, by doing
course work students will refer their lessons on weekly basis rather than procrastinating their
studies to the end of the term. Moreover, the assignments and projects will render them more
interested in studies.
Conclusively, it can be alleged that, formal examination system no matter how efficient it sounds,
the essence of the process is offset by malpractices. Therefore, many schools and colleges are now
considering changes in the assessment system so that students can learn in a better manner.
due to rote- learning and limited topics to study.
On the flip side, then in the professional life one is not hired on the basis of marks but on skills and
competence. Therefore, other methods should be introduced to measure the level of knowledg
41.Many developing countries are seeking cordial relations with western countries to boost their
economies. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?
among the countries. However, there are very few countries which are benefitting from these trade
relations. Most of the countries are underdeveloped and developing, they are increasingly becoming
dependent on the wealthy nations and organisations like WB and IMF. This essay will discuss the
merits and demerits of receiving aid from the rich nations.
At the very outset, there are numerous merits of seeking help from the developed countries. Firstly,
it is imperative to grow the industrial sector for the overall growth of the economy. Moreover, there
are certain resources which are indispensable for the development. For instance; coal, petroleum
and nuclear energy. However, the poor countries do not have the infrastructure, technology and the
essential raw material to produce power. Furthermore, technological innovation and research is not
so prevalent in the underdeveloped countries, therefore to provide good health care facilities they
have to look up to the wealthy countries. Apart from this , there are some international
organisations(WB and IMF) which provide money on loan to the developing countries for more
industrialisation. The third world is far behind the western world in terms of development, in order
to sustain them in the international economic order, they have to seek aid from the wealthier
nations.
On the flip side, there are some disadvantages too. Primarily, the poor countries get dependent on
the rich countries beyond limits. To epitomize, Greece has become bankrupt and under huge debt
that is very difficult to clear. Besides this, in exchange of money, the developing countries have to
remain in good books of the developed countries, as they have to maintain cordial relations.
Similarly, some countries have to face problems when powerful countries intervene in their
domestic affairs for example, Iraq invasion of U.S.A. along with this, countries have to sign a lot of
treaties and agreements to maintain cordial relationships, which becomes an obligation for the
developing countries.
Conclusively, it can be alleges that, getting aid from other countries is not problematic, until it
exceeds its limits. Every country should try to produce domestic goods using raw material available
in their country and only seek aid in the hour of emergency.
42. Modern lifestyles mean that many parents have little time for children. Many children suffer
because they do not get much attention from their parents as children did in the past.
Parenting is a difficult task, involving lot of energy, commitment and knowledge. Children need to be
directed during their growing age. However, it is believed, children were well off in the past when
parents had ample time to spend with them, rather than today, when modernity and complex living
standards have robbed the parents of any time to indulge with their children. I am nit in accord with
this notion and will elaborate my views in the ensuring paragraphs.
At the outset, lack of time doesnot imply lack of concern and empathy towards the children. In the
current scenario, parents are educated and dually aware of the severe implications their wards can
face due to negligence. Moreover, presence of consultancy firms has made their task much easier, as
parents seek out mentoring to rear the children, generally and also during children's trouble teens.
Another point worth mentioning is regarding the contemporary welfare government; the
introduction of laws(as prescribed by schools) has obligated the parents to increase indulgence with
their children.Lastly, parents have become keener to converse with their children or plethora of
issues, being faced by the children daily. Consequently, this communication or interaction has been
able to draw the children towards expressing themselves more often and without hesitation.
However, during the past, there was more orthodox and restrictive atmosphere, where children
abstained from interacting freely. As over- surveillance and attention can be detrimental, rendering
the children less confident and dependent. Furthermore, the schools and the government were also
not much wary about such restrictive atmosphere for children. Above and beyond, in that highly
patriarchal society, women were usually home makers due to which children could only open up to
their mothers. Therefore, it was rather a sign of unbalanced approach as far as parenting is
concerned.
Conclusively, I feel children are better off today owing to many advancements and a better proactive
parenting approach .
43. Most of the schools offer some type of physical education program to their students. Why is
physical education important? Should physical education classes be compulsory or optional?
In today's fast paced world, every student is competing and striving for good grades due to which
physical education has lost its virtue and importance in our society. Therefore, it is crucial for the
schools to recreate the interest of the students in physical education, as it is of paramount
importance. However, a debate still persists whether physical education classes should be made
mandatory or not. This essay delves deeper in the topic, discussing it in a more lucid manner.
At the outset, physical education program is of utmost importance in the schools, because it helps
the students to learn about healthy competition in sports and the importance of playing in a team.
Moreover, physical education promotes fitness and health and also is useful for the students to
relieve their stress. As it is rightly said that' A healthy mind dwells in a healthy body', therefore
studying physical education is very crucial for the pupils. Apart from this, if the students will develop
their interest in physical education, it will stimulate them to participate in sports at national and
international level. They will be motivated to bring laurels for their nation.
To follow through, physical education classes should be made obligatory as it plays a pivotal role in
the overall development of the student. However, it is practical subject, thus the students should not
be overburdened with home works and assignments related to this subject. As there is no relevance
in making practical files as the subject is all about pragmatic learning. Furthermore, the school
authorities should allow the students to choose the game of their interest. In addition to this, they
should be made aware of the injuries which may occur while playing the sports in order to safeguard
the students. Lastly, the schools should organise inter-school competitions to encourage students
for indulging in sports activities.
Conclusively, it can be stated that physical education should be an integral part of the school
curriculum but with a more practical approach to help the students flourish and lead a healthy and a
fruitful life.
44. As well as making money, business also have social responsibilities.
Businesses have always sought to make a profit but it is becoming increasingly common to hear
people talk about the social obligations that companies have. I completely agree with the idea that
business should do more for the society than simply make money.
On one hand, i accept that business must make money in order to survive in a competitive world. It
seems logical that the priority of any company should be able to cover its running costs, companies
also need to invest in improvements and innovations if they wish to remain successful. If a company
is unable to pay its bills or meet the changing needs of customers, any concerns about social
responsibilities become irrelevant. In others words, a company can only make a positive contribution
to society if it is in good financial health.
On the other hand, companies should not be seen with the sole aim of maximising profit; they have
a wider role to play in the society. On social obligation that owners and managers have is to treat
their employers well, rather than exploiting them. For example, they could pay a 'living wage' to
ensure that workers have a good quality of life. I also like the idea that businesses could use a
proportion of their profits to support local charities, environmental projects or education initiatives.
Finally, instead of buying to minimise their tax. payments by using accounting loopholes. I believe
that company bosses should be happy to contribute to society through the tax system.
In conclusion, i believe that companies should place as much importance on their social
responsibilities as they do on their financial objectives.
45.Some people graciously celebrate festivals not only of their own culture, but also of others'
culture. However, there are some fanatics who frown upon this view.
Discuss both view points and give your opinion?
Festivals bring joy and happiness to the lives of people. Every society has its own culture identity
owing to which, people have evolved various festivals such as Diwali, Eid, Christmas et cetera.
However, some people have an opinion that one should abstain from celebrating other's festivities,
others believe, that celebrating all the festivals should be highly encouraged. This essay will discuss
both the viewpoints in the ensuring paragraphs.
To begin with, several reasons can explain why people nowadays are multi-cultural in their
approach. The foremost reason is that, people today migrate more than ever before. Therefore, by
travelling they unravel new culture and want to be a part of those celebrations. For example, the
Tomatina festival in the town of Bunol, Spain where many tourists prefer to go. Apart from this,
internet has a huge role to dissolve national borders and expose people to new culture and
ethnicity. Through social networking site, people conversate with people other than their
community and explore new festivals. However, a more compelling reason is presence of
heterogeneous population in countries today. Due to which various festivals are being celebrated by
all the people as a gesture of respect to another's culture. It enhances integrity among people living
together. Last but not least, people today look forward to occasion, which is a chance to celebrate
and spend quality time with their loved ones. It is imperative to have a transnational or global
outlook to attain mutual peace.
On the other hand, there are few who do not want to indulge in multi- culturalism. Certain
communities' people are very particular about their own culture, traditions and festivals. They are
not very fond of assimilating with other people. On the account, they restrict their approach and
seldom celebrate festivals other than their own. To cite an example, the tribal societies in India and
Aloof of the mainstream Indian Culture.
To conclude, it can be deduced that, celebrating distinct festivals is far more beneficial than isolation
from new culture.
46.In long working hours efficiency is hampered somehow. In this context many countries have
reduced working hours of employees whereas others opine more working means greater output
and progress?
Discuss both views and give your opinion?
To begin with, reduction in working hours can prove helpful in various ways. Firstly, the employees
would get enough time to spend with family. As it is important to spend time with family. As it is
important for people to have a sound family life. if there would be tensions among family members,
the people cannot really concentrate on work. Secondly, it would be very considerate for employees
who have to do multi-tasking, reduction in timing(working), will increase employment rates and the
burden of multi- tasking would be uplifted from mind of a single employee. However, it would
increase work efficiency, as employee. Moreover, it would increase work efficiency, as employee
would be energetic in the assigned working hours and would not deviate from work easily. For
example, in countries like Sweden and France government have cut down on the working hours of
employee, which has proved very beneficial. It enhance overall quality of life of its citizens.
On the other hand, some refuse this proposition and believe long working hours are imperative to
the company's progress. Companies vary regarding the aspect work environment and hours of
working. For instance, MNC'S want cheap labour and maximum amount of working hours, therefore
they situate their factories in countries where they have to pay least amount of wages. Moreover,
there are certain companies which favour longer working hours to increase the overall company
output. As companies have frequent hire and fire policies, most of the employees are not recruited
permanently.
In conclusion, it can be said that, government should intervene and assure that all the employed
citizens are not exploited at the hands of these companies, by working for longer hours.
47. More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be
extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can government make
urban life better for everyone.
Cities are often seen as places of opportunity, but there are also some major drawbacks of living in a
large metropolis. Moreover the government ought to provide schemes to improve the quality of life
which is being deteriorated in these cities.
PROBLEMS
Cost of living.
Higher prices for housing/transport/food.
Urban areas- high crime rate/ poverty rates.
Problem of slums.
Overcrowd( public transport)/(traffic)
Consequently- more pollution/ air quality. Example, Delhi.
SOLUTIONS
Affordable housing/ social housing.

Ban vehicles from city centre and clean public transport.
Example- London- introduction of congestion charge for drivers has helped to curb the
traffic problems.
48.Society is experiencing an increase in crime and drug abuse due to urbanisation. What are the
reasons behind this trend?
Give some suggestions to control this problem.
6. To control unplanned development in cities.

Business- outskirts labour/ slums away from cities.
7. Demolish old and congested areas- build new infrastructure.
8. Displace slums- clearance-EG- CHD Kajehri.
9. Develop suburbs+ point 1
10. Improve standard of living in village to reverse trend of urbanisation.
REASONS
5. Concentration of population- complicated life/ busy life/not social life/peace peace is due to
drug intake/ has increase to a large extent.
6. People of diverse intentions no unity/ mistrust among people.
7. Disparity of rich and poor- richness attracts crimes. labour frusteed poor people have
mounted pressure of their traffic lives admit of those who live luxurious life . They tend to
commit violent crimes.
8. City life is busy/ hustle bustle, criminals can have narrow escape after community crime.
49. Alternative medicine is considered by many people nowadays as much as the

conventional medicine is used.
Discuss the positive and negative aspects of alternative medicine and give your opinion.
Health is very crucial aspect for every person. However, due to negligence people are prone
to many diseases for which they have to take various kinds of medicines. The notion of
alternative medicine is not new, it pre-dates conventional medicine and is still used by ,many
people. However, the use of alternative medicine has both positives and negatives associated
with it.
At the outset there are several reasons due to which the conventional medical community is
often dismissive of alternatives. Firstly, there has been little scientific research into such
medicine. It is not tested and components are not in a measured quantity, therefore the
results could be varied and irregular. Moreover, people take not such treatment on
recommendations of relatives and friends. But not every person is cured with a guarantee;
certain failures have led to increase in a pessimistic viewpoint about alternative medicines.
Furthermore, such medicines; patients do not have a long term treatment; patients do not get
instant relief from their pain or chronic diseases. Another point is that, there is need for
evolution in this form of medicine since the type and number of ailments have outgrown.
Thus, such medicines, even though being effective, do not treat all the diseases at large.
On the another hand, there remain strong arguments for the use of alternative medicines.
Despite the lack of scientific proof, there is a lot of anecdotal evidence to suggest that these
medicines work. Initially, these medicines do not have any side effects which are quite
evident after the usage of conventional medicine. Similarly , the effects of its treatment is far-
reaching as it uproots the diseases, while the conventional medicines give a temporal
treatment.
Conclusively, it can be said that, even if there are few benefits of the alternative medicines, it
is largely condemned reliable as a medical treatment .
50.History tells that people have often thought about creating an ideal society, but most of the
time fail in making this happen. what is your opinion about an ideal society? How can an ideal
society be created?
Many societies have evolved till date, some of them have proven very harmonious whereas others
have had chaotic characteristic. however, the attempt to create an ideal society has never ceased.
this essay shall delineate my viewpoint of an ideal and also put forward some concrete ways to
achieve it.
At the very outset, many attempts have been made to achieve this dream of an ideal society,
however, it has not been fully accomplished. As per my perspective, in an ideal society three would
be not brutal crime. Gandhi non-violence specially against women. Today the plight of women is
horrific, as many incidents of rape, molestation, female foeticide are on the go. Apart from this,
there should be equality among people. Since, there is a diverse society that exists in the present
era, it is very difficult to achieve. the true notion of equality. However, it is important preach the
principle of equality and humanity among people. For instance- Dr. BR Ambedkar did lot to uplift the
socially deprived people of low caste in India. Along with this, there shouldnot be any kind of racial
discrimination and religious biasness(extremism). As it is evident that it has encompassed the society
and has created hatred and terrorism.
There are some ways to realize an ideal society or at Last try to obtain it. primarily, the most
appropriate way would be learning in the family. Family has the most closed and effective influence
on one's mind. Therefore, if parents rightly tech the values of equality and emphasize on respecting
women, then it can definitely make an impact. Moreover, there should be more interaction among
family members, so that every person can share their problems and lessen their frustration. In
addition to this, as social media has a profound influence on people, hence via movies, television
series, they can convey a strong message to people demonstrating morals like equality, liberty and
humanity et cetera.
51.Attitude is an important as knowledge in a test situation. to what extent do you agree?
Students react in different ways to different pressures, but for many people examinations and tests
are a time of nervousness and panic. It is here that it could be argued that these kinds of
assessments are not a true test of a subject but of the candidates' character, a point of view I will
now consider.
Candidates taking a test with no understanding of the subject are unlikely to do very well. Without
understanding what they are being asked to respond to, they are forced to rely only on common
sense, presenting an answer that may be correct. In comparison with studious and prepared
candidates, it is obvious that the latter would perform better.
However, a counterargument can be made by considering nervous candidates who have little
confidence. Such people could find themselves sitting in the test but unable to organise any of their
thoughts, finding that the time allotted for the test has gone before having time to write more than
a few lines. Now compare the candidates who have written fluently aqua at length with candidates
who have written fluently and at length with candidates who have managed only a few lines, and it
becomes considerably more difficult to assess whether attitude is as more important as knowledge.
Candidates with a confident attitude and others with knowledge of the subject being tested
consequently have the possibility of attaining a similar grades. Overall, therefore, what is needed in
a test situation is a balance the two, in which the information gleaned from studying is balanced
with a positive and organised approach to the test itself.
52.With the advent of internet as a powerful media, importance of live concerts has diminished
totally.
At a very outset, there are reasons to frown upon the idea of teaching English as a language to
children at kindergarten. Initially, the agenda of kindergarten does not primarily focus on teaching as
per syllabus. Rather, it is for the children to socialize and recognisethe environment other than their
home. Apart from this, many linguistics English believe that subject such as language does not have
to taught to children. While, it is more imperative to make them interact and get involved in the
class, and this also be in their own language . Until the parents are not native English speakers the
idea of introducing them to a new foreign language can make them uncomfortable and
confused.Moreover, at this age, they barely can understand the importance of English as a necessary
subject. Therefore, it is more or less futile to emphasize on English language during kindergarten.
Lastly, there are few kindergartens that provide "English" more as a marketing tool than an
educational one, cashing in on concerned parents. This is due to the significance depiction of English
language as a status symbol in some societies.
On the flip side, there are few merits of the same.
Age of children, early exposure

A good heard start
English, with play/simple words (numbers, colours, names of animals)
53. The costs of medical health care are increasing all the time. Governments are finding it difficult
to balance health care budget Should citizens be totally responsible for their own health costs and
take out private health insurance, or is it better to have a comprehensive health care system which
provides services for all?
Government is responsible for health insurance from health budget or citizens should be
self reliant to support themselves via private health insurance.
should the health care be for all or only for the need or poor.
In the essay, I will argue that all who can afford. It should be self- insured, but free medical care must
be made available for those too poor to do so.
Due to competition among insurance companies, variety of affordable plans are available for
people
First reason = to save public money, free health cover for thou who can pay is futility of
public money.
Private insurances have good value for money only used when a person needs.
Private insurances are entitled to special benefits- have choice of doctors. Avoid long
waiting lest for hospital beds.
For public health cover one has to give tax- according to income but in private insurance.
The premium does not increase on basis of income tax.
On the other hand, entitlement to the govt health care should only be there for the needy. As free
services for all could encourage unnecessary visits as well.
Hospitals become over crowded, some seriously ill patients could be ignored due to casual
patients just benefiting free medical care.
Moreover, the elderly should be given much importance, as they are the most dependent
section of the society.
Therefore, by eliminating non-serious cases and thus who can afford medical care, the
government can truly concentrate on the potentially sick patients for maintaining healthy
relation in long run.
CONCLUSION- Private medical insurances should be preferred by those who can certainly afford
them by given government an opportunity to serve the needy and poor
54.Education today, does not have a national outlook character, many students are keen on going
abroad to acquire distinct and wide exposure. It is quite evident that institutions all over the world
are also receptive to international students' interest of being a part of their legacy, however
governments of some countries are wary about this trend. In this context, it is claimed by some, that
governments should be less stringent to provide visa to the students interested to study abroad. I
totally believe that it would be very good for the students.
Although, the students today believe that they have an array of choices to pursue their education
abroad, but the governments have to adhere to certain security measures before granting them visa.
However, it has mounted the problems for the students, as visa application. For instance, USA is one
country , which is quite particular about giving away visas to students. This approach has shattered
the aspirations of students many times. It is evident that many developing and underdeveloped
countries have lack of resources and adequate infrastructure which cannot cater the students that
quality education which they deserve.
Furthermore, this movement of students to various educational institutions overseas, shall be a
positive step towards cultural assimilation. Moreover it would hamper fantastic and biased
approaches based on identities. As a result, they would learn to adjust with people having diverse
identities, as students tend to befriend one another beyond cultural identities, during college.
Another point is that, due to the currency deficient, the students have paid huge amount of fee for
their admission. In this case, strict visa procedure would increase their obstacles and would create
unnecessary fuss.
To conclude, i would say though it is undoubtedly important for government to keep a trend of
migration of students. However, the process to obtain visa should not be very strict.
55.At a very outset, longevity is a common phenomenon owing to the improved medical
infrastructure and facilities. The most developed nations are immensely funding the ongoing
research on introducing medicines for the most fatal diseases such as cancer. Apart from this,
medical facilities are now available to more people, as besides government funded hospitals, many
privately owned hospitals have new come into play. Consequently, the people have access to world
class facility in their country and are able to cure chronic diseases because of the timely treatment.
Another important factor noticed specially in the developed countries is the trend towards cutting
down consumption of genetically modified food and preference for organic food. Similarly, many
people have become 'vegans' by shunning the consumption of animal meat and also dairy products.
Along with healthy food habits, people have switched to more strict regime of exercise such as yoga
and gym, which has eventually increased the life expectancy in many countries. As an effect, there
has been an escalation in the rate of grey population in some countries. This is a positive
development in terms of demonstrating the average Human Index on the global scale. However, it
has some amount of negative impact as well. The countries with relatively less amount of population
face a dearth of valuable Human Resource to fill the void of skilled labour and other important
professions.
People have been subjected to many lethal illness and ultimately deaths in the past century.
However, a longer lifespan has been noticed lately among the people which has given rise to a
speculation regarding its effects on the society.
To conclude, it can be stated that, high life expectancy is a positive trend on the face of it, but has
led to many other issues which are being addressed by the governments of the developed countries.
56.INTRODUCTION
Despite the astounding technological outreach, many parts of the world are confronting various
basic problems. Many government, non- government and private organisations have pooled in
resources to relieve people from these problem. However, it is believed that aid granted to the
people by the these or should be confined to one's own country rather than for all needy.
BP-1
Government have responsibility to serve their own citizens, while the charity organisations are not
legally bound under any such compulsion. Therefore, they can freely contribute beyond national
borders. In other words, charity is an act of kindness not obligation.
Giving charities to other countries' people is for cause and not for vested interest. Nevertheless, it
enhances the relations among nations, as addressing issues such as poverty, malnutrition, hygiene
et cetera is mandatory for the government, charitable orgs are therefore extending a helping hand
to the government. For example- Khalsa Aid, Red Cross.
BP-2
On the other hand, confining charitable funds to one's own country can also be considered.
Charity begins at home, hence, one should elevate one's countrymen before lending help to other
people, in this way, their nation would be highly(recognised)( commended)(acclaimed).
While giving charity, it is unethical to discriminate. When one gives charity, he cannot discriminate
among poor in Africa or poor in Brazil . As , it is unethical to provide charity on the basis of national
identity.
BP-1
Charity is not obligation - it is out of government concern.

Relations among nations.
Charity knows no frontiers.
BP-2
Limited resources.
Charity begins at home.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion it can be said that all the needy people across the globe are entitled to be the
beneficiaries of charitable aids, this app should not be biased.
57.Multi-lingualism is in vogue. What are the reasons and also discuss its effects.
Language is the key attribute of a culture. It defines the evolution of a society and its norms and
values. However, due to globalisation there is a trend of multilingualism gaining ground among
people of distinct cultures and races. Many reasons can be accounted for this development which in
turn has had some effects on the individual as well as the society as a whole.
REASONS
Understand ancient history of places in the world- some texts and literature is rare and it is
of significance.
Travel interaction with people of different culture.
Preparative knowledge.
Impart knowledge.
Profession reason. Global trade- integration has lead to inc in demand of multi-lingual.
Therefore, specifically China is trend on Chinese the Global stage and a language to
enchainedtrade relation.
EFFECTS
Individual- intellectual growth.

Personality transformation.
Society - decrease. Less individual centric.
Narrow pity issue based on identity and language enhance , unity and integrity
58. when a country develops its technology, the traditional skills die out, it is pointless to buy and
keep them alive. To what extent you agree or disagree with the opinion?
Nowadays, technologies advances and their rapid and wide applications are having a significant
impact on a nation's traditional skills and ways of life. some argue that such impact is so
extraordinary that it would make conventional skills and lifestyles obsolete. However, i believe that
world continue to thrive by providing alternatives to modern ways of life and innovative ideas for
modern technologies.
First of all, traditional skills and ways of life are becoming an alternative solution to the problem
caused by mainstreamed ways of life, which are greatly influenced by modern technologies. For
instance, a cosy restaurant where traditional, home - brewed beer is served, offers another
experience to people who are bored with the branded beers that have the same flavour and come
out of mass production with new technologies. It is such a venue where traditional skills are
preserved, people become relaxed and educated. Providing diversity and thus enriching modern
ways of life, such traditional skills and ways of life would continue to have their place.
Furthermore, conventional skills provide innovative ideas to the development of modern

technologies. For example knitting designs and words on sweater by some ethnic minority women in
Asian country. These skills are being used to develop production lines by applying the traditional
skills to computer aided designs. The products have definitely boosted the companies' sales which in
turn has/ have increased their investment in preserving traditional skills for further developing their
technologies.
To conclude, traditional skills are increasingly becoming a useful alternative to the homogeneity
brought by global technologies is a selection process, whereby some would become obsolete, but
there is no doubt that some would thrive when their roles are appreciated.
59. Poverty is highly deemed as a compelling reason for lack of development in a country.
However, poverty stricken people are responsible for their own plight. To what extent you agree or
disagree with this statement?
At the outset, many reasons withstand the fact that poverty is not a self- inflicted condition, but
circumstantial. The primary reason for this fact is the unequal, status of nations after decolonisation
status of nations after decolonisation . Due to which many nations and its people are living under
poor standards without the basic amenities of life. Apart from this, the unbalanced development in
the core and periphery regions of a country signifies the discrimination, biasness and misery inflicted
upon these people. As, there is lack of development at grass root levels. In other words,
governments have been unable to cater effective welfare schemes to uplift the improvised sector of
the society. Lastly, some countries have societies comprising rigid and inclusive systems due to
which poor people have suffered unarguably. For instance, caste system in India and slavery system
in African countries.
However, due to few reasons, poor people can be held responsible for their indigence. Poverty is
defined as the inability to full fill the basic needs of. This menace has over reaching effects on the
development of a country. However, there have been many attempts/ endeavours to eradicate
poverty but it is still a distant dream. Despite those efforts poverty prevails and it is claimed that the
poor people are solely responsible for it. I partially disagree with this opinion.
60.Countries are becoming more and more similar because people are able to buy the same
products anywhere in the world. Do you think this is a positive development or negative
development?
It is easier than ever for travellers to go abroad and find recognisable products by the brands that
they use at home. For example, shops like apple, ford, louis Vuitton can be found on the high streets
of major cities, and tourists are guaranteed the same quality and standard of product wherever they
are.
The tourists who travel abroad have sense of contentment as they can find their products in almost
all the major cities. Most of them are those who travel for business nowadays. Therefore availability
of products is definitely a positive point. They promote/attract more tourists by giving a large scale
availability of products.
Companies are mainly MNC'S , if they will have more than one market for their products it would
be quiet beneficial as they earn more according to the currency value. People would not overload
luggage while travelling as they will have contentment to find their desired products wherever they
travel .
On the other hand, this amount of availability of products is due to the increasing number of MNC'S
which are globally spread. This reach is obstructing the indigenous industries in some countries to
cater the demand of people. Consequently, the growth of these developing countries is hindered
making these ventures less profitable.
Moreover, such products are only those affluent brands which have a small section of consumers in
the (demand) market. However, a layman always does not prefer such lavish brands. Therefore such
products are not creating similarity among the country's but on the flipside they are increasing the
disparity between consumer's demand related trends.
61. economic aid is very crucial for the developing and the underdeveloped countries to enhance
their condition. However, many countries are becoming highly dependent on the International
Monetary Aid. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of receiving aid from wealth nations and
organisations.
among the countries. However, there are few countries which are benefitting from these economic/
trade relations. Most of the countries are underdeveloped and developing, which are becoming
significantly relied on the wealthy countries to grow their economy. This essay will discuss the merits
and demerits of receiving monetary aid from rich countries.
At the outset, there are numerous merits of receiving aid from the rich nations . firstly, it is
imperative to grow the industrial sector from the overall growth of the economy of the country.
Moreover, there are certain resources which are indispensable for the development. For instance ,
coal, petroleum and also nuclear energy. However, the poor countries do not have the technology or
the infrastructure, and neither the raw material to access the power production. Furthermore,
technological innovation and research is not so prevalent in underdeveloped nations, therefore to
provide good health care, they have to cook up to the healthy nations. Apart from this, there are
international organisations like IMF and WB which provide money as loan to the developing nations
for more industrialization. The third would is far behind the western world in terms of development,
in order to sustain themselves in the International economic order they have to seek aid from
wealthier nations.
On the flip side, there are some disadvantages too. Primarily, the poor countries get dependent on
the rich nations beyond limits. For instance, Greece has become bank-rupt and under huge debt
which it cannot repay soon. Besides this, in exchange of money, the developing countries have to
remain in good books of the developed countries because they have to maintain cordial relations.
Similarly, some countries have to face intervention from the powerful countries which can prove to
be dangerous for the local people. For example- Iraq invasion by U.S.A. Along with this, the countries
have to sign a lot of treaties and agreements to fulfil the relationship ties, which becomes an
obligation for the developing countries.
62. People today do not feel safe either at home either or home when are out. What are the causes
? what are the solutions?
INTRODUCTION
People feel-unsafe-at home and outside.
CAUSE -1
Widening gap between rich and poor.

Increase in crime.
Example - robbery burglary.
CAUSE -2
Increasing dangers on roads.

Increase in traffic
Example- children cannot play on streets anymore.
CAUSE -3
Women are primarily unsafe- specially those who live alone and are independent.
Example - prone to risks and exploitation at every step.
SOLUTION-1
Tackle poverty.
Providing job training- help people into employment.
SOLUTION-2
More surveillance.
Cameras to help police enforce safety on public transport and on roads.
Speed limits, stop careless, driving.
LASTLY- Compulsory self - defence classes for woman.
The most prevalent reason of insecurity today is religious extremism in form of terrorism across the
world. It has increased the death toll and has created sense of fear and tension among people in all
walks of life.
63. The youth in many countries is unemployed and unskilled, while at the same time, the military
services are in need of people. Compulsory military services is beneficial and necessary.
To what extent you agree or disagree?
At the outset, military service could be mandatory in some circumstance. The foremost point is that,
some countries are highly prone to attack and threat from more powerful countries. Therefore,
training citizens and making them competent to survive foreign invasion and attacks is quite crucial.
For example, In Israel, it is obligatory for young boys and girls to obtain military training and serve
their country.
Despite this due to increasingly intensity of cross-cultural ties, people have surprisingly lost the
patriotic sentiment and strong regional affiliation. Therefore, by compulsory military service, they
will incline towards their national responsibility.
Moreover, it would surely provide, employment which would be promising and well- recognized.
Military personnel are highly acclaimed all over the world for their distinguished services.
Apart from this, military might is very important to safeguard the national frontiers, nevertheless, it
would make the individuals, fit and also train them psychologically to be strong and practice
preference. On the other hand, compulsion for military services is not possible in some respect.
64. In many schools there are high standards of education being provided to the students. These
institutions promise to deliver quality education to enlighten the future of the students. However, it
is claimed that only knowledge is not vital to perform well in examination, personal attitude of a
student is also crucial to cope in a test situation. I firmly believe that attitude does play an important
role in overall performance of a student in examinations.
At the very outset, it is quite clear every year, after the results are declared, the performance of
children varies from one school to another. This is because, every school provides a separate
atmosphere and quality of teaching. For instance- some schools have a stringent approach towards
its students, however others focus less on attitude and more on completing the prescribed syllabus.
Consequently , the students are pressurized to retain a pace to complete the topics before exams
rather than working on their attitude, self-esteem and pressure- management aspects. As a results,
despite have a full knowledge about subject they are unable to full knowledge manage good grades.
Moreover, it is also evident that lot of students have a very pessimistic view regarding the
competitor prevalent nowadays. Rather than focusing or their preparations they are highly
influenced by the profound presence of competitor and get nervous during examinations.
Furthermore, the examinations are not just designed to evaluate the intelligence of the students but
also their aptitude. Therefore, it is necessary to have a right attitude while in the test situation.
Many students have been able to perform adequately due to the dearth of concentration and focus
in the exam.
To conclusion, it is quite evident that being totally competent is not only defined by knowledge but
also by the right attitude while sitting in a test.
65. some people think that schools should have students according to their academic abilities,
while others believe that it is better to have students with different abilities studying together.
Discuss both views and state your opinion.
Some people oppose that mixed ability classes are more beneficial for children's development than
steaming them on the basis of judgement about their academic abilities. However from my
perspective, I disagree with this contention.
Despite the argument above, i believe streaming students beings more benefit to teachers and
students. As for teachers, separating children with better academic abilities from others facilities
effective teaching. This practice helps teachers to control their students more conveniently and
easily compared with mixed ability in which teacher should consider students' differences when they
are using teaching mythologies, streaming makes the situation simpler.
Admittedly, mixed ability classes provide a better environment for children's all- round
development. In such classes, children with different abilities study together and in turn they can
learn from one another. For example students help each other, if he is weak in any aspect. In this
sense, mixed abilities in different subjects instead of only academic subjects.
On top of this, streaming enables students to learn in an effective way. According to the students
different abilities, they are taught in different ways that are more suitable for them. In top screams
students use more difficult materials, therefore, they can learn more. In sharp contrast, teachers can
explain material more slowly to those in bottom streams. Under this circumstance, students with
different academic abilities can study effectively and efficiently.
To conclude, mixed ability classes are beneficial for students' versatile development but in my
opinion, segregating students based on different academic ability in better for both teachers and
students.
66.Conclusively, I feel children are better of today owing to many advancements and better pro-
active parenting approach.
Parenting is a difficult task, involving lot of energy, commitment and knowledge. Children need to be
directed during their growing age. However, it is believed, children were well off in the past when
parents had ample time to spend with them, rather than today, where modern and complex living
standards have robbed the parents of(deprived them) any time to indulge with their children, I am
not in accord with this notion and will elaborate my views in the ensuring paragraphs.
At the outset, lack of time does not imply. Lack of concern and empathy towards the children. In the
current scenarios parents are educated and duly aware of the severe. Implication/ problems their
wards can face due to negligence. Moreover, presence of consultancy forms has made their task
much easier, as parents seek out mentoring to rear their children generally and also during children's
troubled teens. Another point worth mentoring is regarding the contemporary welfare government
the introduction laws as demanded prescribed(for children)has obligated the parents to increase
indulgence with their children. Lastly, parents have become more keen to condensate with their
children on plethora of issues being faced by children on plethora of issues being faced by children
daily. Consequently, this communication or interaction has been able to draw the children towards
expressing themselves more often and without hesitation.
However, during the past, there was more orthodox and restrictive atmosphere, where the children
abstained from un reactivity freely. As over- surveillance and attention could be detrimental
rendering the children less confident and dependent. Furthermore, the schools and the government
were also not much wary about such restrictive atmosphere for children. Above and beyond, in that
highly patriarchal society, women were usually homemakers, due to which children could only open
to their mothers. Therefore, it was rather a sign of unbalanced Approach as far as parenting is
concerned.
67.Now companies sponsor sports which is highly beneficial but also has some drawbacks. Discuss
both the views and give your opinion.
POSITIVES
Sportsperson- will get chance to participate in tournaments all over the world.
Brings laurels for nation.
Government has to spend less on sportsperson and on increasing the popularity of sports
across the world.
Some sports which have regional or local recognition get famous nationally or worldwide.
Example- Kabbadi world cup.
Abundance of money can give sportsperson. Latest world class equipment and experienced
coach and trainers.
DRAWBACKS
Sportsperson can also deviate from performing well in their respective sports, and
concentrate of excessive media coverage because of the involvement of private companies.
Some sports are neglected- as companies do not sponsor all sports but only those sports
which are favoured by majority of the population. Example- Cricket football.
Commercial sports.
Sportsperson- concentrate more on getting more adds rather than laurels for the country.
Sense of morality and sports ethics are hampered due to companies like Mc dowels and
kingfisher endorse their products. Players indirectly promote products like whisky.
68. it is argued that well-known people's involvement in the global aid organisations attracts the
attention of the community. While, some people say that their participation may downplay the
significance of problems. I would argue that this trend could bring about enormous positive changes
and could also lessen the importance of the problem.
To begin with, on one hand the celebrities can bring about meaningful changes to social activities.
Firstly, they have a huge number of fans who are inspired by their action. For example, when
Angelina Jolie took keen interest in the problem of Syrian refuges then lot of her fans also
contributed to this cause. At least, it created awareness among people about this grave issue of
illegal immigration. Secondly, celebrities are often trusted by both local and international
communities, which may lead to success in raising the profile of aid organisations. For instance,
UNICEF. Lastly, as a result of this celebrity volunteering, more people learn about the projects and
donate money and also might help in fund-raising.
On the other hand, famous people can reduce the importance (relevance) of the problems. One
reason is that most people often consider the main purpose of celebrities' support as a way to
enhance their reputations. Furthermore, the associations with celebrities may trivialize the serious
work of the international and organisations since the focus of the people may shift away from this
endeavour( problem of some place) to the fame and public image of the celebrity concerned.
In conclusion, although there are some drawbacks to celebrity participation in international aid
organisation but in my opinion celebrities can bring about real change if they work keenly.
69.Around the world, children learn English as a second language at school. However, in some
places, they also learn at kindergarten( pre- school care, when children are aged two to five).
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of learning English at kindergarten.
Provide reasons for your answer include relevant examples from your own knowledge or
experience.
As English has become the dominant language worldwide, vast numbers of people are learning it.
The age of English-language acquisition is also lowering at the same time. Personally, i believe it is
essential for a person from a non- English speaking community to learn English, but i think it is not
necessary to do so until a child is around seven or eight.
Supporters of teaching English at kindergarten- that is , a child is aged between two to five-believe
that early exposure will produce more competent speakers. Parents who are keen to give their child
a head start in an ever more competitive world are persuaded by this idea. They think that if English
is combined with play, it will be easily absorbed and not seen like study at all. However, there are
strong arguments against teaching English at kindergarten.
Firstly, linguistics claim that a child needs to be literate in his or her own language before another is
begun unless that child is already living in a completely bilingual environment- that is: his or her
parents are native speakers of both languages, and both languages are used around the child.
Secondly, kindergarten teachers are less likely to be native English speakers themselves or to be
competent language teachers, which means that what children learn at kindergarten could be no
more than a smattering of words- 'hello' ' goodbyes' , numbers, colours, and the name of animals. All
of these could be learnt very quickly in a school classroom at the age of seven in addition to proper
grammar and good pronunciation.
Then there is the issue that kindergarten provide 'English' more as a marketing tool than an
educational one, cashing in on concerned parents. It could also be a status symbol that a child is
learning English at the age of three among the friends of his or her parents, meaning that the child's
learning experience is subordinated to the parents' prestige.
In my view, kindergarten isa time to acquire social skills, motor skills, and a deeper understanding of
a child's own language. English can come later when a child is more capable of focused learning, and
when the teaching is likely to be better. In an age where the endless pursuit of qualifications and
accomplishments seems the norm, why not let a child be a child at kindergarten?
70.companies are giving extra time to employers to do exercise in their shift timings. What are its
advantages and disadvantages?
Indulging in various kinds of exercise is highly beneficial for every individual. However, since most of
the people are nowadays engaged in hectic professional routines, they are unable to do exercise
adequately. In this context, some companies are willing to provide some time to their employees for
doing exercise. The development has both merits and demerits discussed in the following
paragraphs.
To begin with, there are ample of advantages of this development. The foremost advantage would
be for employees, a fitness is the core aspect today. Employees would be more energetic and
efficient in their work. They do not have to devote surplus time after shifts for their exercise.
Moreover, employees have to be more presentative in their approach to attract clients. A good
personality today not only comprises of intelligence but also great look(appearance). Therefore,
smart and efficient employees are an asset for the companies. Apart from this, the trend of
absenteeism will also reduce which will also reduce and will increase the overall work output of the
company. Besides this, companies have this notion, that employees are an integral part of this
business, and their responsibility towards employees is a good thing to enhance employer-
employee rapport( relation).
On the other hand, it has many disadvantages as well. Primarily the time given to the employees in
during the shift, due to which their concentration on work can be hampered. As, a workout is very
tiring, it can increase burden on their minds. Furthermore, during shift-timings, they will also have to
commute a long distances to reach their GYM et cetera. Consequently, majority of the extra time
will be used in travelling rather than exercising.
To conclude, it can be said that, it is a very exceptional aspect from the companies and should be
encouraged in all the private and public companies.
71. health has always been a key issue in many countries. Some countries were able to meet the
target of achieving a society comprised of health individuals. Whereas many countries are still
confined to a considerably less health related gains .These facts describe that there have been some
major drawbacks in governmental policies(till date) in this context some argue that in order to fulfil
the void govt should cater farmers subsides to encourage them for doing organic farming. However,
others incline towards the fact that the pvt. companies producing processed food should be taxed
heavily. This essay will examine/evaluate facts related to both the arguments in the forth coming
paragraphs.
To begin with, there is no denying the fact that prosperous farming is vital to provide healthy eating
options for people. Although, the parashift from subsistence farming to commercial farming has
highly deteriorated the quality of food. Consequently it has dreaded many people to believe that ,
food produced with large amount of pesticides is having severe implications on health. Moreover, it
is the cause for spread of skin related ailments among the labourers who toil in the fields to produce
the harvest. Having, stated the above points it is agreeable to provide farmers not only with
subsidies but also educate them to switch to organic farming to reconcile the producer-consumer
relationship.
72.Mass media is greatly contributing to the development of youth the world over because of its
easy accessibility. Some say that the influence of media on the day-to-day lives of these
adolescence is more harmful than advantages.
With global culture evolving, some people feel that traditional music is being superseded by
international music. Discuss both views and state your opinion.
There is no denying the fact that contribution of media is very much applauded all over the world. In
particular, it has impacted the lives of youngsters due to its widespread availability. It is believed
that media is influencing lives of youngsters in a positive manner rather than negativity. I firmly
agree with the given statement and will elaborate my viewpoint in the forthcoming paragraphs.
To begin with, there are several aspects in which media can prove beneficial for the adolescents. The
most crucial factor is the exposure to the media. Every teenager has a different approach while using
media nowadays.
Primarily, with the advent of smart phones accessibility to internet has increased. It has given
students many applications which can help or guide them in their academics. For example, there are
various applications which give necessary regarding English language, verb Conjugations aid.
Moreover, adolescents are usually keen on shopping, the applications like Myntra, Flipcart , Olx car
give them wide range of options to choose from. And, it also keeps them updated on latest fashion
trends.
At the very outset, there are some detrimental effects if, the adolescents are over exposed to the
influence of media. The foremost effect is that, they are not socialising virtually, they have a huge
obsession with these identification on social networking sites or applications. Consequently there
are hampering their close relationships by neglecting them every now and then. Lack of
communication, in person, can also degrade their soft skills.
Apart from this, the mainstream media, television series is building their perception about the
world. They are unaware of the harsh realities of the society and the world beyond. To cite an
example, watching television series, daily soaps is wasting their precious time, rather they should
indulge in travelling and explore the natural environment to formulate their own opinion .
In conclusion, as per my opinion, the influence of media on teenager is very powerful and is leading
them in a superficial world. It has to be dealt with to direct youngsters to the right path.
73.Solar energy is becoming more and more popular as a source of household energy in many
countries around the world.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy?
As the population is growing it has become important to provide energy resources to them. A recent
source of energy is becoming increasingly popular specially for household purposes, that is the solar
energy. There are several reasons behind this trend and it has certain merits and demerits .
At the outset, solar energy is a good option for household energy supply because of myriad of
reasons. Firstly, the usage ina house is not so excessive, the amount of energy required is only for
purpose like heating water, heating indoors in winters and other small aspects. Hence, it can be
used as per requirement. Secondly, as every house has a different consumption, the system is
installed in every roof to ensure that every household has abundant access to the energy owing to
their needs on daily basis.
Furthermore, solar energy is beneficial in many respects. Firstly, due to the population burst, the
consumption of fossil fuels and other forms of energy is damaging the environment and are also
now scarce. It is estimated that by 2050, there would be 80% urban population, hence a high
demand for energy to sustain their daily lives. In such a case scenario, solar energy is viable option.
Although it has already supplanted other energy sources in the household chores. Apart from this,
the government is liable to cater energy supply to the residential areas, by installing solar panels
once and for all, government can save a lot of investment which had to done in expensive projects
like building dams and using machinery and labour for oil extraction.
However, there are certain drawbacks of this energy source. Initially, a solar energy panel is not a
cost-effective option for maximum population of the world. As people who are deprived of basic
needs cannot rely on such resources, and they again depend upon more traditional sources of
energy such as fuel or electricity. Moreover, the people living in the northern hemisphere, in the
extreme north cannot depend upon solar energy due to lack of adequate sunshine in these regions.
In conclusion, it can be said that solar energy is undoubtedly an important and effective alternative
resource, however it cannot serve the whole population of the world.
INTRODUCTION-
BP-1
TOPIC SENTENCE- to begin with, there are many advantages of using solar energy at home.
It is does not produce pollution.

It can be renewed, one can save other resources which are scarce.
A household can produce its own energy and does not rely on government for power.
BP-2
Only for certain regions.

Cannot be useful in cloudy weather.
Its installation and equipment is quite expensive/ cannot be afforded by every household.
CONCLUSION-
In conclusion, it can be said that, solar energy is quite beneficial, although its after effects cannot
be guaranteed.
74. As a result of growth in some urban centres, the environment in those cities is deteriorating.
How could this issue be tackled by both the government and the individual?
Environmental concerns are mounting nowadays, and it is quite evident in major cities of the world.
It is a very grave issue as the population in cities is increasing on a rapid scale. These problems have
to dealt with as soon as possible to avoid harmful repercussions. The following essay will discuss
how this problem can be address by the government as well as by the residents of these cities.
At the outset, the government has the foremost role to play in this matter
75. Some people think that schools should categorise students as per their specific abilities, while
others opine that students with different abilities studying together is better.
Education curriculum varies from one institution to another. There are distinct ways to divide
classes. It is believed that segregation on basis of classes. It is believed that segregation on basis of
capabilities among students is beneficial, whereas, others content this views stating that all
students should be kept in one class.
I believe that
Segregation- streaming of students.

Teacher-easy for them- concentrate on lessons-as per student level.
Teaching methodologies-can be altered as per demand.
Effective- dissuplend- concentrated learning.
Materials arranged.
Learning slow manner.
Health and genuine competition.
Biasness- no favouritism.
Weak ignored.
Disruptive student- can create nuisance.
76.A zoo has no useful purpose. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.
Keeping wild animals in cages for public exhibition is tradition that people are performing for a long
and for majority people this is an amusement and educational purpose for kids while others think it
to be a very inhuman act. This is a much debated issue and I personally find no usefulness of a
zoological garden where these animals and birds of different kinds are kept for public
entertainment.
First of all, the idea of keeping wild animals in cages is really a brutal one and human should not be
proud of act like this. Who has given us the power and authority to forcefully bring animals to zoos
and then being hilarious watching their activities? Is our weapon and brain makes us superior and
powerful enough to decide the lives of other species? No, if we are superior to those wild animals, it
is our humanity and superiority of thinking power and where would that humanity is when we
encage other species? There are thousands of amusement parks and children parks and we should
not make a zoo that would only represent our brutality and the outcry of the animals.
Have we ever thought if a intelligent species arrives in our territory and encases us like we do to
other animals, how pathetic that would be for us? Many people would say that those are
educational purposes and to let the kids know about those animals. But in zoo what we see are
encages animals with dismay and helplessness. Children would never learn the true nature of
animals when they would learn it from a zoo. Animal planet and Discovery channels are two better
alternatives for children to learn about those wild animals than the zoo.
Zoo In many countries are used for commercial purposes and no matter what the authorities do;
they can't ensure a free life for a bird which should be flying in the sky rather than trying to escape
from the cage.
In conclusion, the zoo serves no useful purpose and there is no good reasons to put the animals and
birds in cages.
TOPIC SENTENCE-
in zoo animals are devoid of their natural environment and lifestyle.

Zoo destroys the food chain.
Natural hunting instincts.
Inhumane to keep animals at zoo.
Funds- lack- not funds of food.
Scarcity of food.
Zookeeper have notorious approach.
Subject to exploitation.(mockery, experimentation, medicine, unnatural breeding, mocked,
imitated, irritation)
Aggressive, dangerous
Animals are kept in captivity in cruel and inhumane.
Considering mentioned problems .
It is high time that zoo should be either shutdown or replaced other in a way, safari parks
can be introduced when animals are kept in natural surroundings so that they do not have
to compromise on their natural habitats. Besides, wildlife sanctuaries should be
encouraged where it can teach and nurture their young ones by being more close to their
natural realm of life.
77. Along with the economic prosperity, other forms of development are equally important ina
country.
People have different views about how governments should measure their countries' progress.
While economic progress is of course essential, I agree with those who believed that other measures
of progress are just as important.
There are three key reasons why economic growth is seen as a fundamental goal for countries.
Firstly, results in job creation, a high level of employment, and a better salaries for all citizens.
Secondly, economic progress ensures that more money is available for government with higher
revenues can invest in a country's transport network, its education system and its hospitals. Finally,
a strong economy can help in a country's standing on the global stage in terms of its political
influence and trading power
However, i would argue that various other forms of progress are just as significant as the economic
factor ,mentioned above. In particular, we should consider the area of social justice, human rights,
equality and democracy itself. For example, the treatment of minority groups is often seen as a
reflection of the moral standards and level of development of a society. Perhaps another key
consideration when judging the [progress of a modern country should be how well that country
protects the natural environment, and whether it is moving towards environmental sustainability.
Alternatively, the success of a nation could be measured by looking at the health, well-being and
happiness of its residents.
In conclusion, the economy is obviously a key marker of a country's success, but social,
environmental and health criteria are equally significant.
Social justice- alleviate property.

Environment sustainability- protect country.
Defence mechanisms.
Less corrupt government- bureaucracy.
78. Position of a women has changed markedly in last twenty years, many of the problems young
people now experience, such as juvenile delinquency, arise from the fact that many married
women now work and are not at home to care for their children.
It does seem to be true that parents and teachers have lost the authority they used to have
especially in the eyes of teenagers. They are no longer seen as a models for behaviour, hard work,
politeness and other positive qualities are seen as old- fashioned. Many young people have no
respect for these qualities or the people who represent them. In fact, i think some young people
today are so rebellious that it's possible that both parents and teachers are afraid to exercise their
authority. However, I do not agree that this is the basic reason for the increase in teenage violence.
While I believe it is true that a lack of social and emotional learning contributes to the problem,
other factors are surely involved: economic factors, for example, if a child comes from a poor family
and they live in low-quality housing in a undesirable area, this is sure to affect the child, however
loving the parents are.
There is also the question of who your friends are. I believed that when you are in your teens your
friends have more influence on you than your parents or teachers. At that age, you want to be a
part of a group, or even a gang, and this might lead to breaking the law in a number of ways.
In conclusion, while i agree that lack of social and emotional learning from parents and teachers is a
factor in the growth of teenage violence, i do not believe it is the only , or even the main cause.
79. Should media share personal life of celebrities or not?
AGREE
Some celebrities have gone through enormous amount of struggle in order to reach success,
therefore media coverage of their personal life struggle can inspire many youngsters to do
hard work.
Moreover, if media coverage is done, the famous personalities will connect with their fans,
and can promote their film and shows.
DISAGREE
Media bites have created a lot of problems for the celebrities. Their personal lives have been
subjected to cruel judgement and sarcasm. Moreover, they have to be very secretive about
their family lives and cannot enjoy freely.
Apart from this, media coverage is not always authentic, it can also give fake information
which can deviate the youngsters by giving false image of the celebrity world( all that glitters
is not gold).
Lastly, many celebrities use media for publicity as they have a habit to be in limelight, so
they sometimes create false stories for their progress.
80. Housing and accommodation has become a major problem in many countries around the
world. What are some of the main factors that have contributed to this problem? What can be
done to help reduce the number of homeless people?
One trend is migration from rural (less developed remote areas to urban centres in search of
job etc.) - lead to development of slum areas in cities. For instance, Dharavi is one of the
largest slum area in India. People live in worst conditions deprived of Bombay's basic
amenities and a total unhygienic state along.
In many developing and under developing countries, the government has been unable to
provide adequate facilities and accommodation along with a "living wage" so that these
down trodatem people can sustain their lives.
There are economic and societal issues that affect opportunities and social environments for
individuals . key factors includes lack of adequate income, to affordable housing and health
supports, experience of discrimination. Shifts in economy locally and nationally can create
challenges for people to earn adequate income and pay for food for housing .
Homelessness and poverty are inextricably linked. People who are poor are frequently unable to pay
for necessity such as housing, childcare, healthcare etc.
A critical shortage of housing that is affordable safe and stable directory contributes to homeliness.
Arguable, the most impactful factor is the lack of affordable losing national wide. However,
discrimination can also impede access to employment, housing, justice and other services.
System facilities occur when other systems of care and support fail, requiring vulnerable people to
turn to the homeless.
Forced migration due to national civil war, other cress has forced people to abandon their homes
and seek better opportunities elsewhere. However, it has led them to camps and temporary homed
and a status of illegal migrants.
81. Illegal migration is escalating to an enormous scale. What are the reasons and also discuss the
solutions?
REASONS-
War civil.
Low employment in native country.
Poor standard of living.
Lack of security( in certain geographical proximity)
Intruders/ traitors to the nation.
Interrupted personnel at the frontier.
Unassisted tourist movement.
Flexibility in tourists assessment by immigration departments of countries.
Increased amount of forged documentation for tourists purpose.
SOLUTIONS
Intervention of UNO-effective body to accommodate.

Strict laws.
Collective effort for governments to diminish areas of war zones.
Change economic order world, so that poor countries can provide welfares and the people
stop migrating.
82. While the number of smokers in the industrialised world there is a moderate decline
however this is world has been steadily decreasing, the same cannot be the case of developing
nations.
the recommendation of health care experts, regarding the ill effect of smoking has not been
considered, despite the signals given.
People have turned a blind eye towards the warnings given by health care experts
regarding(harmful/detriments consequences) of smoking.
TOPIC SENTENCE-
It is important to discuss effects and purpose some solutions of the same.
At the outset, the habit of smoking, prevalent in many developing countries has had many
detrimental effects.' Smoking is injurious to health' is a true basic health warning mentioned on the
packets of cigarettes. However, people are not wary about this fact. It is evident from statistics that
smoking causes many chronic diseases such as cancer, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases et
cetera. But, the smokers are reluctant to accept this and give up this habit. Moreover, the notion of "
passive smoking" is well- known, it is specially dangerous for children. Furthermore, smoking at
public places, near(petrol pump), fuel and gas stations could be very disturbing and dangerous,
respectively.

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40IELTS WRITING TASK 2

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In conclusion, social networking sites are not at a

However, the most

Give some suggestions to control this problem.

1. To control unplanned development in cities.

Alternative medicine is considered by many people nowadays as much as the conventional

Fresh air is crucial to lead a healthy life.

BP-2 Furthermore, there are certain ways to improve city infrastructure

Construct multi-storey buildings rather than segregated houses.

CONCLUSION- Even though city infrastructure must be changed, wiping out

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

To what extent do you agree or disagree with the statement?

Thesis statement - I majorly agree with this conviction.

BP-1. TOPIC SENTENCE.

- Women traditionally been under unrepresented.

-balance - harmony in society.

Why do people take stress?

How it can be prevented?

BP-1 TOPIC SENTENCE-People gain stress owing to many reasons.

Cut-throat competition/ stress of choosing right career.

Study groups/help of internet/ tutions/ career metors conselors/ physical activities.

BP-2Topic sentence - nevertheless, there are measures to tackle this issue.

Discuss both the views and give your opinion.

BP-2 However, giving excess freedom to children can be consequential.

Do you agree or disagree?

I majorly agree with this view-

Harassment - distend/worry/torment for pupils and their parent.

Educational gained abroad will also give a multi-national exposure.

9.Visa regulation should be relaxed for overseas students.

Do you agree or disagree?

- procedures/process time consuming frustrating.

-countries with strict visa-laws - USA- security measures.

-(visa applications to be made less stringent)- TS- BP-1

-(this could potentially abuse the system if more lenient)TS- BP-2

I majorly agree with the given view.

BP-2 However, relaxing visa can also have severe implication.

-security concerns -USA- post strict laws.

-usually, students do not have a genuine agenda of studying.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Fresh air is crucial to lead a healthy life.

Construct multi- storey buildings rather than segregated houses.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

INTRODUCTION- government as representative body constitute people( leaders) chosen on different

Youth, creative/ up- to-date - innovative break-through

BP-2However, there are certain arguments against this.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

1. nature of sports - sense of appreciation.

- No unfair means to win.

2. these events need lot of co-operation.

3. sportsperson with boosts patriotism.

1. conflicts are serious in nature - events cannot influence serious matters.

- secure business transactions.

- hassle free services.

- save fuel tackle problem of pollution.

BP-2 - Less satisfaction from machines.

- response to machines will make us less receptive to humans to.

20. Learning to play team sports is an important part of a child's education.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Exercise physical + mental hralth.