Experiment 1: Food Test

Objective: To detect compounds made by living things.

Materials: Soya bean, Peanut, Milk, Onion, Potato, Albumin, Deionised Water, Iodine, Millons reagent,
Fehlings Solution 1 & 2, Sudan III, Glucose,

Apparatus: Test tube rack, Test tubes, Pasteur Pipette, Beaker, Water Bath, Thongs

Procedures:
Positive Test Results
To test for Carbohydrate (Refer to page 6 of 60)
To test for Reducing Sugars (Refer to page 6 of 60)
To test for Protein (Refer to page 7 of 60)
To test for Fat (Refer to page 7 of 60)

Testing unknowns
(Refer to page 7 of 60)

Discussion
To test for Carbohydrate
(Starch) Can be tested for presence with Iodine Solution

To test for Reducing Sugars

(Glucose/Sucrose) Can be tested for presence with Fehlings Solution I & II

To test for Protein

(Albumin) Can be tested for presence with Millons Reagent

To test for Fat

(Vegetable Oil) Can be tested for presence with Sudan III / W. filter paper & Deionised Water

Results
Positive Test Results (Initial color before adding indicator)
Test for Carbohydrate
Substance Initial Color Final Color
Starch Transparent Blue-black

Test for Proteins

Substance Initial Color Final Color
Albumin White Brick-red Precipitate
Experiment 1: Food Test
Test for Reducing Sugars
Substance Initial Color Final Color
Glucose Blue Brown
Sucrose w. HCl Blue Brown
Sucrose without HCl Blue Blue

Test for Fats

Substance Initial Color Final Color
Vegetable Oil Yellow Pink Partition

Test for unknowns

Table 1. Iodine Test
Tube Substance Color Starch present?
1 Soya Bean Still white No
2 Peanut Dark green-blue Yes
3 Milk Still white No
4 Onion Yellow No
5 Potato Black Yes

Table 2. Fehlings Test

Tube Substance Color Reducing Sugar
present?
1 Soya Bean Blue-purple No
2 Peanut Blue-green No
3 Milk Brown Yes
4 Onion Brown Yes
5 Potato Orange Cloudy Yes

Table 3. Millons Test

Tube Substance Color Protein present?
1 Soya Bean Brick-red Precipitate Yes
2 Peanut No Precipitate No
3 Milk Brick-red Precipitate Yes
4 Onion White No
5 Potato Red-pink Precipitate Yes
Experiment 1: Food Test
Table 4. Sudan III Test
Tube Substance Color Fat present?
1 Soya Bean Pink, No partition No
2 Peanut Pink, W. partition Yes
3 Milk Milky Pink, No partition No
4 Onion Pink, No partition No
5 Potato Pink, No partition No

Questions:
1. Fehlings Solution I & II were used to test reducing sugars, which is why it is
not compatible for testing the presence of some sugar containing materials.
2. Yes, peanut & potato.
3. To identify the nutritional value and to know if theyre safe to be consumed
or not.
Conclusion
Positive test results have been observed before tests for unknowns were carried
out. The unknowns include Soya Bean, Peanut, Milk, Onion and last but not least,
Potato.

According to the observation, Soya Bean showed negative test results for Iodine
Test, Fehlings Test and Sudan III Test. In other words, starch, reducing sugars and
fat are absent in soya bean. However, positive results can be observed in the test
for Millons Test, meaning that it contains proteins.

Secondly, Peanut showed positive test results for Iodine and Sudan III Tests,
showing that it contains starch and fats. Test results for Fehlings Solution I & II
and Millons Test were negative, which means reducing sugars and proteins are
absent.

Thirdly, Milk showed positive test results for Fehlings and Millons Test, this
means that it contains reducing sugars and proteins. However, negative results
were shown in Iodine and Sudan III Test, in other words, starch and fats were
absent.

Next we have Onion that only showed positive test results for Fehlings Test, so
Onion contains reducing sugars. On the other hand, negative test results were
observed in Iodine, Millons and Sudan IIIs Test, which means starch, proteins
and fats were absent.
Experiment 1: Food Test
Lastly, positive test results from potato were observed in three of the tests:
Iodine, Fehlings and Millons Test, showing that it contains starch, reducing
sugars and proteins. On the other hand, Sudan III Test showed negative test
result, which means fats were absent.