9/10/2017 Operating Principle of Capacitance Level Sensors ~ Learning Instrumentation And Control Engineering

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1.Capacitance Level Sensor 2.Level Transmitter

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3.Capacitance 4.Measure
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Operating Principle of Capacitance Level Sensors
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2.Liquid Level Mea

Capacitance level instruments operate on the basic principle of the variation of the electrical capacity or capacitance of a
capacitor formed by the sensor, vessel wall and dielectric material. A capacitor is made up of two conductive plates which are 3.Pressure Se
separated from each other by a dielectric. The storage capability of a capacitor defined by the capacitance, C, is directly
dependent on the plate areas (A), their distance apart (d) and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates: 4.Level Indic

C = A/d USEFUL ENGINEERING L

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Capacitive probes are used in liquids that are non-conductive and have a high dielectric constant ()and can be used for
Specifications
continuous level monitoring. A capacitive probe shown below, consist of an inner rod with an outer shell immersed in the liquid
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that we intend to measure the level. Engineers and Technicia
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The capacitance of the probe is
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measured between the inner rod and
the outer shell with the aid of a Sizing Orifice Plates with
Calculator
capacitance bridge. In the portion out
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of the liquid, air serves as the
dielectric between the rod and outer How to Setup a HART Tra
shell. In the immersed section, the Basics of Ultrasonic Flow
dielectric is that of the liquid that AGA 3 Gas Flow Equation
causes a large capacitive change as Learning Electrical Engin
the level of liquid changes. If the
tank is made of metal it can serve as
the outer shell. The capacitance change is directly proportional to the level of the liquid. The dielectric constant of the liquid
must be known for this type of measurement.

The dielectric constant of the process material is the most important aspect of this level measurement application. It should be
noted that temperature, moisture content, humidity and density can change the dielectric constant of the process material.
These factors are often taken into account and corrected for in the design of capacitive probes for level measurement. The
higher the dielectric constant of the process material, the easier and most reliable would be the level measurement. Materials
with low dielectric constants are not suitable for capacitance level measurement application.

Areas of Application
Capacitive level measuring instruments are used for level detection in silos, tanks and bunkers, for both limit detection and
continuous measurement. These instruments are typically used in all areas of industry and are capable of measuring liquids as
well as solid materials.

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