2016 12

**

*
**

- 99 -
100

1 2

345

678

1



1988 3 3
34

16
13
2

1992 3
411
3
2010
11 3 2 553
4

1956 2 1

1991 6 1 2
24


5
2010
11 3 2 570
6
1981 2 62
2723
7

425
8

- 100 -
 101

9
10

11
121314

15

1999 12 350-364
9




10

2012 2 10 195
11
2000 9 743-73

12

1342-4344

13

71 224 44
334 149 250

14








15
1983 12 34

- 101 -
102

16
17
18
2
28 19

20
228-6

2122
2324

25
40 26
27

16
6
17
2000 12 16 1 1129
18
2000 12 18 567
19
38 1228
20
2010 1 9 1000
21
6 627
22
2000 12 50 1622
23


2005
4 192-204
24

8 2012 8 61-67

2006 5
25



312313
26
2 71
27
1 5354

- 102 -
 103

28

29 38

30

31
32
1353-4

1336-18
1337-22

33

53 34 35 353637

28
6 139
29



30
1 203207
31
3 236237
32
12 350
33
3 2
556
34
http://ctext.org/zh 54
35
1 1 1

- 103 -
104

381
2 2 1
3 1 39

()

369-286 B.C.40

9 4 10 5
4
36
6 646
37


38
1 3

39
5 3
40
365-290 B.C. 696

- 104 -
 105

41

313-238 B.C.
42
43

44

45
46
47

48
49
50

41
1983 9 10 1069
42
2014 9 9 478
43


922-14
44
234
45
681
46
550
47
214218
48
317331
49
39
50
9 4 711

- 105 -
106

280-233 B.C.

51

52

53

284-208 B.C.

1008-8
1009-10
1009-11
200-168 B.C.

754-2122755-25
152-76

51
1982 8 1 2
52
11 638
53
15 809

- 106 -
 107

240-170 B.C.

54

5556

57

5859
60
61
62
91-3

54
2008 1 292434
55
51
56
47-48
57
62
58
313
59
10 195
60
64
61
89
62
152

- 107 -
108

()

6364

65 267-2

267-34

63




2010 3 10 2421
64


2008 1 359
2005 5 3
65


1996 12 1 476

- 108 -
 109

66

67
268-5

91-33

116-45

68

66
4 243
67

68









10 54-8292

- 109 -
110

268-56

634-1920

63-33

652-8653-9

645-6162

()

- 110 -
 111

69 1334-970

268-671

1339-3132

298-34

69
6 2003 6 71-
7689

17 2 2007 6 21-34
70

71

311-7
330-5 360-3

382-38

- 111 -
112

919-4 174-
81

175-
88

298-2
72

120-63

119-57

187-
4

1038-7

11
73

72


2005 1 4 80
73
4 148

- 112 -
 113

74

75
76

77

777-12

78
79

80

74

2005 6 2 6 379
75



1974 11 13 89

76
7 286
77
24 1610
78
7 158
79
18 974
80
19 10971098

- 113 -
114

8182
83

919-2

()

206 B.C. 4 101

81


1990 9 83
82
94-99
83
21 769

- 114 -
 115

B.C.105
10 14 23
25

310-23

84

203-157 B.C.
187-3
157-87 B.C.

85

84
28

52 1721
85


203-17

- 115 -
116

822-28
29

86
311-5

310-3
4
87

311-7

()

3
204 B.C.5

86

87
1985 519
1 10

- 116 -
 117

787-13

169-63

1044-31
171-72

170-6566

143 88

5 7
18 19 20

88
137 4 2

- 117 -
118

329-
2

1347-
62
89

90
329-3

329-4

91 92
329-4
330-5

89
62 2735
90
1970 11 108
91
382-39

92
399

- 118 -
 119

330-5

93 330-5

94

()

140 B.C.104-101
B.C. 73 95

93
218-3
94
14 780
95


761

- 119 -
120

373-2

818-10

190-15

193-
2696

96
402-9

- 120 -
 121

4 12 29 1 46

382-38

()

97 206 B.C.
20 B.C.
4 98
99

97



837
98


1996 11 2 1 1418
99



4 99

- 121 -
122

100
101
400-3102 404-19

405-2223

406-25

1340-35

1 481
100
109
101






1975 10 4 2 68
102

- 122 -
 123

546-47
196-40

190-1314

89-26

621-
6364

103-81

595-5

103

()

103
8 459

- 123 -
124

5
2

93
3 31 29 30 194 B.C.
141 B.C. 54 6 105 B.C.

310-34

360-3

45-40
47-47

- 124 -
 125

48-49

68-4344

666-
32

209-23

483-6

104

846-14
15

104
19 2 1535

- 125 -
126

129-100

()

105
162
106

373-2107

385-2

108

105
17-18
106
340-47
341-50 343-58
349-83 348-77
342-56
350-85
107
109
108

256

- 126 -
 127

109

715-12

110

109
5 112 B.C.

106

373
110

2011 5 154

- 127 -
128

111

112

111


1336-18
112
19 1255

- 128 -
 129

1985 519

1992 3

1981 2
1956 2

2012 2
1991 6 1
1988 3

2010 11 3
1983 9
1970 11

1966 1

2008 1

2000 12

2000 12

2000 12

2014 9

1983 12

- 129 -
130

1996 12
1

2005 6 2

2011 5

1975 10 4 2

2005 4

192-204
2005 8

2012 8 61-67127-128
1974 11

1982 8

1999 12

2005 1
4
1985 8

1990 9
2010 1
1996
11 2

2010 3
10
2015 10

2008 1

2000
9

- 130 -
 131

http://ctext.org/zh

- 131 -
132

A Preliminary Exploration of Morality

and Righteousness in Records of the
Grand Historian - Centered on Tables*

Wang Yen-Yen**

The Tables of Records of the Grand Historian include historical events of people and
pay special attention to annalistic style. The Tables respond to Basic Annals and
Collected Biographies and they all complement with one other. Therefore, the Tables are
a unique literary style. This study investigated the historical origin of morality and
emphasized that morality is associated with destiny. This study further clarified and
analyzed the righteousness in interactions between Emperor and courtiers based on
morality cultivation. The writing motivation of Records of the Grand Historian is to
understand the changes from the past to the present, as well as the core meanings of
Tables: One should practice righteousness even in difficult times. A nation can be
overturned and an Emperor can be killed if he does not practice righteousness. These
ancient metaphors can serve as profound vigilance to the present.

Keywords: Force, Righteousness, Records of the Grand Historian, Table, Morality

* Thanks to the reviewers for making valuable comments to this paper, as well as Prof. Hanchang Xu for inspiration
and guidance. The author assumes the responsibility for the writing.
** Doctoral candidate, Department of chinese, National Kaohsiung Normal University

- 132 -