Correlation between Basic House Sanitation and Diarrhea on Children Under Five Years Old

at Tarik , Sidoarjo

PROBLEM OF SELF-RESEARCH

To fulfill the task of Environmental Health course

which Dr. H. Sueb, M. Kes.

arranged by
Offering GHI-K
Nindis PristYes 150342600086

The Learning University

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
JURUSAN BIOLOGI
November 2017
Correlation between Basic House Sanitation and Diarrhea on Children Under Five Years Old
at Tarik , Sidoarjo
Nindis PristYes1 dan Dr. H. Sueb, M.Kes2
Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences State University of
Malang
nindispristYes11@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Good total sanitation can decrease 94% incidence of diarrhea. The purpose of
the study was to determine the relationship between total sanitation with incidence
of diarrhea in under five years children. The type of this research was cross
sectional. The population in this research was all under five years children who
live in Puskesmas Tarik. The sample were 62 respondents. The instrument used was
questionnaire and observation sheet. The result of this study that there were a
relationship between behaviour defecation (p=0,0001), hand washing behaviour
(p=0,0001), rubbish treatment (p=0,0001), wastewater treatment (p=0,0001) and
there was no relationship of food and drinking water treatment with diarrhea in
under five years children (p=0,124). The advice for society was to improve total
sanitation, in order not to be source/intermediaries of diarrhea. For related
institution to give education about total sanitation to prevent diarrhea.

Keywords: total sanitation, diarrhea on under five years children

INTRODUNCTION sanitation condition (Sulistyowati, 2004),

Diarrheal disease is still a world
health problem especially in developing
countries. In Indonesia diarrhea is one of
the main problems of public health. This
is due to the high rate of morbidity and
many deaths, and often cause
extraordinary events (KLB). Based on the
2003 Indonesian health profile, diarrhea
was the fifth of 10 major outpatient
diseases in hospitals and ranks first in
hospital admissions (Adisasmito, 2007).
Diarrhea if not immediately get
treatment will cause dehydration that can
lead to death. Diarrhea is the second most
common cause of illness and mortality in
children under five in developing
countries after respiratory infections.
Diarrhea is an environment-based
disease that is still the biggest health
problem of Indonesian society and is a
disease that often occurs in children under
five. The cause of diarrhea is a poor
such as sanitation toilet, clean water
supply (SAB), sewerage (SPAL), water
teriological tube quality, and house
condition.
Basic home sanitation is a public
health effort that focuses on monitoring
the various environmental factors that
affect or may affect the degree of human
health. Household sanitation is closely
related to the rate of illness of infectious
diseases, especially diarrhea. Housing
environment is very influential on the
occurrence and spread of diarrhea. This is
based on the high prevalence of diarrheal
diseases caused by poor sanitation, poor
environmental conditions control, high
density and inadequate water supply.
Based on data of 2016 at Tarik
Community Health Center, Tarik Sub-
district, Sidoarjo District, Puskesmas
Tarik has a high rate of diarrhea
morbidity, where diarrhea is ranked 4 out
of ten major diseases in Puskesmas Tarik.
Whereas the ownership of basic sanitation
facilities in 5 villages in Tarik Sub-district,
Sidoarjo Regency in 2017, which has no
clean water supply facilities of 11.5%,
which does not have a human waste
disposal facility of 19, 18%, does not have
a waste water disposal facility by 55%,
and for permanent waste disposal facilities
almost all homes do not have, people's
habits still throw garbage in the garden.
While data in Health Office of Sidoarjo
regency suffer from diarrhea of toddler in
Puskesmas Tarik is in order of 2 that is
equal to 54,18%, while data at Puskesmas
Tarik, incidence of diarrhea has increased
from previous year that is 2016 equal to
687 cases.
The purpose of this study is to
analyze the relationship of basic sanitation
facilities with the incidence of diarrhea in
infants in Tarik District Sidoarjo District.
METHOD
RESEARCH VARIABLE
According to S.Notoatmodjo
(2005: 70) is a variable that is the size or
characteristics possessed by members of a
group that is different from that of other
groups. In this study the variables to be
studied are:
1. Free Variable
Independent variables are
variables which if changed will result in
changes in other variables (Sastroasmoro
S, 1995: 157). Free variables studied in
this study are behavior behavior BAB
(defecation), behavior of CTPS
(Handwashing with Soap), water
management drinking and food, waste
management, waste water management.
2. Dependent Variables
The dependent variable in this
research is the incidence of diarrhea in
toddlers in the working area of Puskesmas
Tarik Sidarjo District.
3. Confounding Variables
Confounding variables are the
types of variables that relate to
independent variables and are associated
with dependent variables, but are not
intermediate variables (Sastroasmoro S,
1995: 158). Confounding variables in this
study are controlled by restriction, which
is a method to limit the subject of study
according to certain criteria. Confounding
variables in this study are:
1. Nutritional status is controlled
by selecting the nutritional status
of children under the category of
good nutritional status is by
comparing the child's weight with
age and calculated using Z score
formula.
2. Immunization status, controlled
by choosing toddlers who have
received measles immunization.
3. Economic status, controlled by
choosing toddlers whose family
economic status is included in
either category ie with income>
990,000 per month
4. Because health service aspect in
Puskesmas Tarik is good, so health
service aspect as confounder
varaibel is considered to be
controlled.
TYPES AND RESEARCH DESIGNS
This type of research is an analytic
survey using cross-sectional research
design, which is a study that studies the
dynamics of correlation between risk
factors and effects, by approach,
observation or data collection at a time
(point time approach). Which means the
subject of the study is only observed once
and the measurement of variables is done
at the time of examination
(Notoatmodjo.S, 2005: 146).
POPULATION AND RESEARCH
SAMPLES
Population Research 4 Kalimati 33 2
The population in this research is 5 Tarik 158 9
all children under five who live in the 6 Balongmaceka 63 4
working area of Puskesmas Tarik n
Subdistrict Tarik Sidarjo District that is as 7 Mergobener 102 6
much as 1068 children (Nutrition Area 8 Kedungbocok 266 15
Puskesmas Tarik, 2017) 9 Singgogalih 184 11

Sample Research Inclusion criteria

Sample
The sample size in this study 1. Toddlers are enrolled in PosYesndu.
was calculated using the Issac & Michael
formula in Arikunto (2002: 113): 2. The nutritional status of toddlers is
S = Sample size N = Population size included in the category of good, in the
P = Proportion in population (22%) d = value of the comparison of BB / U which
Accuracy (error) (10%) can be seen from the KMS (Card Towards
x2 = Price of chi-square table for certain Healthy) owned.
(x2 = 1,96 for = 0,05) 3. Toddlers never follow the immunization
So the samples taken as of measles, seen from the KMS (Card
many as 62 children under five with the Towards Healthy) owned.
respondent is a toddler mother who resides
in the working area of Puskesmas Tarik Exclusion criteria
Kecamatan Tarik Sidoarjo regency.
1. Mother of toddler is not in place at the
Sample Acquisition Method time of research.
The method of obtaining the sample
used in this study is Proportional Random 2. Toddler mother is not willing to follow
Sampling. Sampling is proportionally the research.
carried out to obtain representative
samples, where the taking of subjects from DATA SOURCE
each strata or region is determined to be Sources of data in this study are
balanced or proportional to the number of primary data, ie data obtained directly
subjects in each strata or region (Arikunto from the results of interviews and
S, 2002: 116). Then performed Simple observations using questionnaires about
Random Sampling technique that is simple BAB behavior, behavioral CTPS, drinking
random sampling, this technique is divided water and food management, waste
into two ways that is by drawing and using management and waste water
tables of numbers or random numbers management.
(Notoatmodjo, 2005: 85). RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS AND
Table 3.2 Distribution of Research TECHNIQUES DATA MAKING
Sample Research instrument
N Village Populatio Sampl Research instruments are tools
o n e used for data collection (Soekidjo
1 Kemuning 111 7 Notoatmodjo, 2005: 48). The instruments
2 Janti 116 7 used in this study are questionnaire and
3 Kendal sewu 35 2 obervation sheet. Questionnaires used in
this study in the form of questions where
respondents should choose the answers
provided. This questionnaire aims to
obtain data on the incidence of diarrhea in
infants, behavior BAB, behavioral CTPS,
drinking water and food management and
waste management. While the observation
sheet is used to observe BAB behavior,
drinking water and food management,
waste management and waste water
management
Data Retrieval Techniques
1. Interview
Interviews were conducted by
researchers asking respondents about the
incidence of diarrhea in infants, behavior
BAB, perilaki CTPS, drinking water and
food management, waste management.
2. Observation
Observation is done by the researcher
directly observe the condition of the
surrounding environment on the variable
of BAB behavior, management of drinking
water and food, waste management and
waste water management.
3. Documentation
Documentation is done by taking
data in the form of data of diarrhea
occurrence in the working area of
Puskesmas Tarik.
Research procedure
Early Research
Is an activity undertaken before
conducting research, its activities include:
1. Observations made to determine the
description of the problem at the study
site.
2. Coordinate with Puskesmas Tarik
Kecamatan Tarik to get supporting
research data.
3. Determining the sample research.
4. Prepare the questionnaire by referring
from the journal
5. Preparing research instruments
Research
The research phase is the activity
undertaken during the research
implementation. Linkages at this stage
include questionnaires and observation
sheets on BAB behavior, CTPS behavior,
drinking water and food management,
waste management and waste water
management.
End of Research
The final stage of the research is the
activities undertaken after completion of
the research, the activities include:
1. Recording data of research results
2. Data analysis
3. Making reports
Engineering Processing And Data
Analysis
Data processing
Editing
Activities undertaken to re-
examine whether the questionnaire is
complete, so that if there is incomplete
data can be fixed immediately.
Coding
Activities undertaken to classify
and coded on respondents' answers and
observation results so that data processing
is easy to do.
Data Entry
Entering the data already obtained into the
existing facility on the computer.
Tabulating
Presenting data in tabular form to
facilitate data analysis in accordance with
research objectives.
Data analysis technique
Univariate analysis
Univariate analysis is the analysis
conducted on each variable of the research
results. This analysis only results in the
distribution and percentage of each
variable (Notoatmodjo S, 2005: 188).
Univariate analysis in this research is used
to describe free variable that is BAB
behavior, behavior of CTPS, drinking according to the education level is the
water and food management, waste matrix that contains the respondent's
management, waste water management education level, the number and the
and dependent variable that is diarrhea percentage (Table 1.2).
occurrence in balita. Table 1.2: Distribution of
Bivariate analysis Respondents by Level of Education
Bivariate analysis is an analysis
performed on two variables that are No education Total Prosentase (%)
suspected of correlation or correlation 1. SD 37 59,7
(Notoatmodjo, 2005: 188). This test is 2. SMP 16 25,8
3. SM 8 12,9
used to determine whether there is a
A
relationship between independent 4. S1 1 1,6
variables with dependent variables by Total 62 100,0
using appropriate statistical tests. The
statistical test used in this study is chi- Based on Table 1.2 it can be
square and fisher test, which is done with seen that the most recent education
using software-shaped computer assistance taken by the respondent is
with a significant level p> 0.05 (95% elementary that is 37 (59,7%), and
confidence level). Basis of decision the least is S1 which amounts 1
making with 95% confidence level: (1,6%) responder..
a. If the sig value p> 0.05 then the research Distribution of Respondents by
hypothesis is rejected. Occupation
The respondents' distribution table
b. If the value of sig p 0.05 then the by job level is the matrix that contains the
research hypothesis accepted respondent's job, the number and the
RESEARCH RESULT percentage (Table 1.3).
Characteristics of Respondents Table 1.3: Distribution of
Distribution of Respondents by Age Respondents by Occupation
The respondents' distribution table No. Occupation Total Prosentase
by age is the matrix which contains the 1. Ibu Rumah 51 82,3
mean, median and respondent age mode 2. Wiraswasta
Tangga 7 11,3
(Table 1.1). 3. Petani 4 6,4
Total 62 100,0
Table 1.1: Distribution of
Respondents by Age Based on Table 1.3 it can be
seen that most respondent's work is
No. Me Median Modus
1. 28 27 25, 28 housewife 51 (82,3%), and the least
is farmer that is 4 (6,4%)
Based on Table 1.1 it can be seen
respondent.
that the average age of respondents is 28
Characteristics of Sample (Toddler)
years, the mean of the respondent age is
27 years, and the respondents are the Distribution of Under Fives
most widely interviewed that is at the age The sample distribution table by
of 25, and 28 years each of 6 people.. sex is a matrix of gender, number and
Distribution of Respondents by Level of percentage (Table 1.4).
Education Table 1.4: Sample Distribution by
The respondent's distribution table Sex
 N Sex T Prose The distribution chart of BAB
1. Man 31 50% BEHAVIOR is a matrix that contains the
2. Woman 31 50% Behavior of BAB, its number and its
Total 62 100 percentage (Table 1.7).

Based on Table 1.4 it can be Table 1.7: Behavior Distribution of

seen that the gender of male toddler Respondents BAB
sample is 31 (50%) and female No. Behavior BAB Total Prosentase
toddler sample 31 (50%). 1. Bad 24
(%)
38,7
Under-fives Age Distribution
2. Good 38 61,3
The sample distribution table by
Total 62 100
age is the matrix that contains the mean,
median and sample age modes (Table 1.5).
Table 1.5: Sample Distribution by Based on Table 1.7 it can be
Age seen that the respondents with bad
No. Mean Median Modus BAB behavior as many as 24
1. 26 24 13 people (38.7%) and respondents
with good BAB behavior as many
Based on Table 1.5 it can be as 38 people (61.3%).
seen that the average age of the Distribution of CTPS Behavior
sample is 26 months, the mean The CTPS Behavioral
value of the sample age is 27 Distribution Table is a matrix that
months, and the most samples are at contains the CTPS Behavior, the
the age of 13 months. number and percentage (Table
Toddler Weight Distribution 1.8).
The sample distribution table by
weight is a matrix containing the mean, Table 1.8: Distribution of
median and sample weight modes (Table Respondent CTPS Behavior
1.6). No. Behavior of Total Prosentase
Table 1.6: Sample Distribution by 1. Bad CTCTPS 23 (%)
37
Weight 2. Good 39 63
Total 62 100
No. Mean Median Modus
1. 11 11 12
Based on Table 1.8 it can be
Based on Table 1.6 it can be seen that respondents with poor
seen that the mean body weight of CTPS behavior as many as 23
the sample is 11 kg, the mean value people (37%) and respondents with
of the sample body weight is 11 kg, good behavior of CTPS as many as
and the most samples are weight 12 39 people (63%).
kg. Distribution of Drinking Water and
Result of Univariate Analysis Food Management
Univariate analysis was performed The distribution table of drinking
on each research result variable. This water and food management is a matrix of
analysis shows the number and percentage Water and Food Management, the number
of each variable. and percentage (Table 1.9).
Behavior Distribution BAB Table 1.9: Distribution of Drinking
Water and Food Respondents management, quantity and
Management percentage (Table 1.11).
No. Drinking
T Prosentase (%)
Water Table 1.11: Distribution of
o
and
Food
t Respondent Waste Management
a
Manage No. Waste Total Prosentase
l
ment Management (%)

1. Bad 4 6 1. Bad 17 27
Ba
2. Good 58 94 2. Good 45 73

Tota 62 100 Total 62 100

l

Based on Table 1.9 it can be Based on Table 1.11 it can

seen that respondents with Drinking
Water and Food Management are
bad as many as 4 people (6%) and
respondents with Water and Food
Management either 58 people
(94%).
Distribution of Waste Management
The Waste Management
distribution table is a matrix of waste
management, the number and percentage
(Table 1.10).
Table 1.10: Distribution of
Respondent Waste Management
N Waste TotaProsentase (%)
o. Management l Data from 24 respondents
1. Bad 18
2. Good 44
Total 62
Based on Table 4.10 it can
be seen that the respondents with
bad waste management as much as
18 people (29%) and respondents
with good waste management as
much as 44 people (71%).
Distribution of Liquid Waste
Management
The wastewater
management liquidity distribution
table is a matrix of waste
be seen that respondents with bad
sewage management as much 17
people (27%) and respondents
with liquid waste management as
much as 45 people (73%).
Results of Bivariate Analysis
Relationship Between Behavior of
BAB with Diarrhea Occurrence in
Toddlers
Based on the research
results obtained the relationship
between BAB behavior with the
incidence of diarrhea in infants
that can be seen in the table
below
29
who behave BAB worse, 16
71
toddlers (66,7%) suffer from
100
diarrhea and 8 toddlers (33,3%) do
not suffer from diarrhea. Of the 38
respondents who behaved well, 6
infants (15.8%) suffered from
diarrhea and 32 infants (84.2%) did
not suffer from diarrhea.
Chi Square test performed
on BAB behavior with diarrhea
occurrence in toddler in Working
Area of Puskesmas Tarik
Subdistrict Tarik Sub-Province
Sidarjo got result p value smaller
than 0,05 (0.0001 <0,05), so Ho is
rejected and Ha accepted. This
means there is a significant
 relationship between the incidence
of diarrhea in infants with BAB
behavio.
Relationship Between CTPS Behavior
with Diarrhea Occurrence in
Toddlers
Based on the results of the
research, the relationship between
the behavior of CTPS and the
incidence of diarrhea in infants can
be seen in the table below
Bad, 19 balita (82,6%)
menderita diare dan 4 balita
(17,4%) No menderita diare. Dari
39 responden Yesng berperilaku
CTPS Good, 3 balita (7,7%)
menderita diare dan 36 balita
(92,3%) No menderita diare.
Uji Chi Square Yesng
dilakukan terhadap perilaku CTPS
dengan Diarrhea Occurrence in
Toddlers di Puskesmas Tarik
Kecamatan Tarik Kabupaten
Sidoarjo didapatkan hasil nilai p
value lebih kecil dari 0,05
(0,0001<0,05), sehingga Ho
ditolak dan Ha diterima. Hal ini
berarti ada hubungan Yesng
signifikan antara Diarrhea
Occurrence in Toddlers dengan
perilaku CTPS.
The Relationship Between Drinking
Water and Food Management with
Diarrhea Occurrence in Toddlers
The data obtained from 4
respondents Yesng to manage
drinking water and food Bad, 3
children (75%) suffer from diarrhea
and 1 toddler (25%) No suffer from
diarrhea. From 58 respondents Yesng
did the management of drinking
water and Good food, 19 infants
(32.8%) suffered from diarrhea and
39 children under five (67.2%) No
suffered from diarrhea.
Fisher test conducted on the
Management of Drinking Water and
Food with Diarrhea Occurrence in
Toddlers in Puskesmas Tarik
Subdistrict Tarik Sidoarjo regency got
the value of p value greater than 0,05
(0,124 <0,05), so Ho accepted and Ha
rejected. This means No significant
Yesng relationship between Diarrhea
Occurrence in Toddlers with Drinking
Water and Food Managemen
Relationship Between Waste
Management with Diarrhea
Occurrence in Toddlers
Based on the results of
research there is a relationship
between waste management with
Diarrhea Occurrence in Toddlers
Yesng can be seen in the table
below
Data from 18 respondents
perform
bad waste management, 13
toddlers (72.2%) suffered from
diarrhea and 5 toddlers (27.8%)
No suffered from diarrhea. Of 44
respondents Yesng did good waste
management, 9 infants (20.5%)
suffered from diarrhea and 35
children under five (79.5%) No
suffered from diarrhea.
Chi Square Yesng test
performed on household waste
management with Diarrhea
Occurrence in Toddlers in
Puskesmas Tarik Subdistrict Tarik
Sidoarjo regency got the value of p
value smaller than 0,05 (0.0001
<0,05), so Ho is rejected and Ha
accepted. This means there is a
significant Yesng relationship
between Diarrhea Occurrence in
Toddlers and household waste
management.
 The Relationship Between Liquid Liquid Waste 0,001 There
Management is a
Waste Management with Diarrhea relatio
Occurrence in Toddlers From the table it can be seen that
Based on the results of the the free variables associated with
research there is a relationship Diarrhea Occurrence in Toddlers That is
between the management of the behavior of BAB, the behavior of
liquid waste with Diarrhea CTPS, Waste Management and waste
Occurrence in Toddlers Yesng water management. While the
can be seen in the table below independent variable No related to
Data from 17 respondents Diarrhea Occurrence in Toddlers That is
who do waste water management the management of drinking water and
Bad, 12 toddlers (70.6%) suffered food.
from diarrhea and 5 toddlers DISCUSSION
(29.4%) No suffered from diarrhea. The Relationship Between
From 45 respondents Yesng did Behavior With PAB Diarrhea Diarrhea In
good liquid waste management, 10 Toddlers
toddlers (22.2%) suffered from The result of the research about the
diarrhea and 35 infants (77.8%) No relationship of BAB behavior with the
suffered from diarrhea. incidence of diarrhea in under-five in the
Chi Square Yesng test Work Area of Puskesmas Tarik
performed on household waste Kecamatan Tarik Sidoarjo regency in
management with Diarrhea 2017 with sample of 62 respondents,
Occurrence in Toddlers at Puskesmas showing the proportion of diarrhea
Tarik Subdistrict Tarik Sidoarjo sample with bad BAB behavior of 66,7%
regency got result p value smaller and sample with good BAB behavior 15 ,
than 0,05 (0,001 <0,05), so Ho is 8%. While the sample did not suffer from
rejected and Ha accepted. This diarrhea with bad BAB behavior of
means that there is a significant . 33.3% and the sample with good BAB
Relationship between of Diarrhea behavior of 84.2%. In bivariate analysis
Occurrence in Toddlers and results obtained p value 0.0001 (0.0001
household wastewater management. <0,05) showed a relationship between
RECAPITULATION OF THE behavior of BAB with the incidence of
BIVARIATE ANALYSIS diarrhea in under-five in working area of
Recapitulation of results on Puskesmas Tarik.
"Relationship Between Total Sanitation Based on the results of observation
With Diarrhea Occurrence in Toddlers At and interviews, respondents who behave
Puskesmas Tarik Kecamatan Tarik BAB bad because habits do not do hand
Sidoarjo". washing after bowel and not have private
Table 1.17: Recapitulation of Results of Bivariate Analysis

Variabel Bebas p value Information toilet so still using public toilet. Public
toilet used by the respondent has not
Behavior of BAB 0,0001 There is a
relationship fulfilled the standard and the health
Behavior of CTPS 0,0001 There requirement of the building, ie non-
is a roofed latrine, unclosed sewage pit, toilet
Drink and food relatio
floor is not made of waterproof material
management 0,124 No
connection and final disposal of feces still in fish
Waste Management 0,0001 There pond and in river. As for the respondents
is a
relatio
who behave
BAB either had to wash hands after
bowel and already have a private toilet.
According to Permenkes (2014), healthy
latrines are effective for breaking the
chain of disease transmission. Healthy
latrines should be built, owned, and used
by families with placement (inside the
house or outdoors) that are easily
accessible by the inhabitants of the house.
Standard toilet health building
requirements consist of a roof that serves
to protect the wearer from weather
disturbances and other disturbances, the
middle ground toilet is a sewage pit with
a swan neck construction or not a swan
neck covered with a waterproof sanitary
floor, not slippery and equipped with
SPAL, and building under the toilet
which is a shelter, processor, and
decomposers / stools that serves to
prevent the occurrence of pollution or
contamination from the stool through the
vector carrying the disease, either directly
or indirectly.
The results of this study are in
accordance with the theories of Wagner
and Lanoix (1958: 9) in the book
Soeparman Suparmin (2002: 5) which
states that with sanitary disposal the
incidence of diarrheal diseases in children
can be lowered. According to Anderson
and Arnstein in Soeparman Suparmin
(2002: 7) the occurrence of disease
transmission required the following
factors: 1) germs that cause disease, 2)
Source of infection (reservoir) of germs,
3) How to get out of source, 4) How to
move from source to potential new host,
5) How to enter new host, 6) Delicate
host (susceptible). Fecal disposal
done sanitary will break the chain of
disease transmission by eliminating the
fourth factor of the six factors and is a
barrier sanitation (sanitation barrier)
germs to move from the stool to the
potential host.
The results of this study in
accordance with the results of research
from Retno Purwaningsih (2012) who
examines the relationship of drinking
water supply and hygiene sanitation
behavior with the incidence of diarrhea in
the post-disaster area of Banyudono
Village District Dukun Magelang
Regency, obtained the result that there is
a meaningful relationship between the
habit of defecation with incidence of
diarrhea (p = 0.004). (p=0,004).
Relationship Between CTPS Behavior
With Diarrhea Occurrence In Toddlers
Results of research on the
relationship of CTPS behavior with
diarrhea occurrence in infants at Working
Area of Puskesmas Tarik Kecamatan
Tarik Sidoarjo Regency in 2017 with
sample of 62 respondents, showing the
proportion of diarrhea suffered sample
with bad behavior of CTPS of 82.6% and
samples with good behavior of CTPS of
7 , 7%. While the sample did not suffer
from diarrhea with bad behavior of CTPS
of 17,4% and sample with good behavior
of CTPS equal to 92,3%. In bivariate
analysis results obtained p value 0.0001
(0.0001 <0,05) showed relationship
between behavioral of CTPS with
incident of diarrhea in toddler in working
area of Puskesmas Tarik.
Based on the results of interviews
with respondents who behave in poor
CTPS, they have a habit of just washing
hands with water alone without using
soap at the time before cooking, after
defecation, after helping children after a
baby, before holding the animal, before
feeding the child, and before
breastfeeding. While respondents who
behave in good CTPS, they already have
a habit of washing hands with soap and
running water at the time before cooking,
after defecation, after helping children
defecate, after holding the animal, before
feeding the child, and before
breastfeeding.
The results of this study are in
accordance with the theory of UNICEF /
WCARO (2008) which states that
handwashing with soap is one of the most
effective and inexpensive ways to prevent
diarrheal diseases that mostly cause death
in children. Hand washing with water
alone is less effective at removing germs
than by washing hands with soap. Hand
washing with soap after using the toilet or
helping the child and before holding food
can reduce the rate of diarrhea, cholera
and dysentery by 48-59%.
The results of this study are in
accordance with the research of Hamzah
B (2012) about the relationship of healthy
clean living behavior with the incidence
of diarrhea in under-five children in
Belawa District, Wajo Regency, which
shows the relationship between hand-
washing habits with clean water and soap
with diarrhea occurrence in under-five
children in Kecamatan Belawa District
Wajo. From result of bivariate test got
value p value= 0.009. Research from
Kusumaningrum et al (2011) mentions
that mothers who have good hand
washing habits are less likely to get
diarrhea compared with mothers who
have poor hand-washing habits (p value =
0,000, OR = 7,667).
Relationship Between Drinking Water
And Food Management With Diarrhea
Occurrence In Toddlers
Results of research on the
relationship between drinking water and
food management with the incidence of
diarrhea in toddlers in the Working Area
of Puskesmas Tarik Kecamatan Tarik
Sidoarjo regency in 2017 with a sample
of 62 respondents, showing the
proportion of samples suffering from
diarrhea with Drinking Water and Food
Management is poor by 75% and the
sample with Management Drinking
Water And Food both amounted to
32.8%. While the sample did not suffer
from diarrhea with Drinking Water and
Food Management was bad by 25% and
the sample with Water and Food
Management was good at 67,2%. In
result of bivariate analysis obtained p
value 0,124 (0,124> 0,05) showed no
relation between Drinking Water And
Food Management with diarrhea
occurrence at toddler in working area of
Puskesmas Tarik.
The absence of relationship
between drinking water and food
management with diarrhea occurrence
can be caused by diarrhea disease is one
of multifactor cause disease. Respondents
who manage drinking water and food are
good but still have toddlers suffering
from diarrhea can be caused by several
things. One of them can be caused by bad
behavior of BAB respondent as much as
38,7%, bad behavior of CTPS 37%, bad
waste management 29% and bad waste
management 27%.
Based on the results of
observation most respondents have been
managing food and beverages well that is
already boiling drinking water before
consumption, putting food in a closed
place or directly cooking food right after
purchased, consume food that is still
fresh and not yet moldy or rotting and
always cover food which is served with a
hood. So the possibility of the vector of
flies or other vectors to perch on the food
is quite small.
Theory of Kepmenkes
(2008) which states that the incidence of
diarrhea can decrease 39% with safe
drinking water management behavior in
the household. The theory of Wanzahun
G et al (2013) states that children with
families who use boiled water by boiling,
processed using chemicals or treated by
filtration are known to have lower
chances of suffering from diarrhea than
children whose families do not perform
water treatment. Water that has been
collected may be contaminated during the
collection, transportation and storage
process which may ultimately increase
the risk of diarrhea.
Food must be managed
properly and properly so as not to cause
health problems and beneficial to the
body. How to manage good food is by
applying the principles of hygiene and
food sanitation. Management of food in
households, although in small quantities
or household scale must also apply the
principle of food hygiene hygiene. The
principle of good sanitation hygiene of
food that includes the sorting of
foodstuffs, storage materials food, food
processing, food storage, food transport,
food presentation (MOH, 2014)., 2014).
Relationship Between Waste
Management With Diarrhea
Occurrence In Toddlers
The result of research on the
relationship of waste management with
the incidence of diarrhea in under-five in
the Working Area of Puskesmas Tarik
Kecamatan Tarik Sidoarjo regency in
2017 with a sample of 62 respondents,
shows the proportion of sample suffering
from diarrhea with poor waste
management of 72.2% and the sample
with good waste management of 20 , 5%.
While the sample that did not suffer from
diarrhea with bad waste management
amounted to 27.8% and the sample with
good waste management of 79.5%. In
bivariate analysis results obtained p value
0.0001 (0.0001 <0,05) showed a
relationship between waste management
with the incidence of diarrhea in infants
in the working area of Puskesmas Tarik.
Based on the results of interviews
and observations, respondents with poor
waste management caused by the
respondents did not throw garbage every
day, did not do the separation of organic
and inorganic wastes, and still throw
garbage in the rivers and in the garden
and construction of garbage that used not
sanitary that is not closed , the
construction is not strong and not
waterproof. While the respondents with
good waste management has been
dumping garbage every day, doing
separation of organic and inorganic
waste, not littering in rivers and gardens
as well the construction of the garbage
that is used already sanitary is already
closed, the construction is strong and
waterproof.
Trash is a source of disease and
breeding vector of diseases such as flies,
mosquitoes, rats, cockroaches. In
addition, garbage can pollute the soil and
cause disruption of comfort and
aesthetics such as unpleasant odors and
unflattering views. Therefore waste
management is very important, to prevent
transmission of the disease. Trash should
be provided, garbage must be collected
daily and disposed of in temporary
shelters. If not reached by the service of
garbage disposal to the landfill can be
done destruction of garbage by hoarded
or burned (Kemenkes RI, 2011).
The results of this study are in
accordance with the study of Hamzah B
(2012) on the relationship of healthy
clean living behavior with the incidence
of diarrhea in under-five children in
Belawa District, Wajo Regency, which
shows the relationship between waste
management and diarrhea incidence in
toddlers in Belawa District, Wajo
Regency. From result of bivariate test got
value p value = 0,001..
Relationship Between Waste
Management With Diarrhea
Occurrence In Toddlers
The results of research on the
relationship of waste management with
the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in
the Working Area of Puskesmas Tarik
Kecamatan Tarik Sidoarjo regency in
2017 with a sample of 62 respondents,
showed the proportion of samples
suffering from diarrhea with bad waste
management of 70.6% with good waste
management of 22.2%. While the sample
did not suffer from diarrhea with bad
waste management of 29.4% and the
sample with good waste management of
77.8%. In result of bivariate analysis
obtained p value 0,001 (0,001 <0,05)
indicate the relation between waste
management with diarrhea occurrence in
toddler in working area of Puskesmas
Tarik.
Based on observations most
respondents already have a good sewer
channel that is closed channel and
smoothly so there is no stagnant waste
water, but the wastewater is not managed
either that does not drain the waste into
the absorption well or channeled into
public sewerage. Most respondents still
channel waste water to ponds and to
rivers.
According to MOH RI (2014), the
principles of household wastewater
security are as follows: 1) Wastewater of
bathroom and kitchen should not be
mixed with water from latrines, 2)
Should not be a vector piercing place, 3)
No odor, 4 ) There should be no puddles
causing slippery and accident prone
floors, 5) Connected to a common sewer /
sewer or absorbing well.
The results of this study are in
accordance with the research of Hamzah
B (2012) about the relationship of healthy
clean living behavior with the incidence
of diarrhea in toddlers in District Belawa
Wajo Regency, which shows the
relationship between waste water
management with diarrhea incidence in
toddlers in District Belawa Wajo District.
From result of bivariate test got value p
value = 0,000.
Conclusion
Based on the results of research that has
been done can be drawn conclusion as
follows:
1. There is a relationship between the
behavior of BAB with the incidence of
diarrhea in infants in the Work Area
Puskesmas Tarik District Tarik Sidoarjo.
2. There is a relationship between the
behavior of CTPS with the incidence of
diarrhea in infants in the Work Area
Puskesmas Tarik District Tarik Sidoarjo.
3. There is no relationship between
drinking water and food management
with the occurrence of diarrhea in
balitadi Work Area Puskesmas Tarik
District Tarik Sidoarjo.
4. There is a relationship between waste
management and the incidence of
diarrhea in infants in the Working Area
of Puskesmas Tarik Kecamatan Tarik
Sidoarjo District.
5. There is a relationship between waste
management with the incidence of
diarrhea in infants in the Work Area of
Puskesmas Tarik Kecamatan Tarik
Sidoarjo District
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