MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

School of Architecture, Industrial Design, and Built Environment

A Study on the Impact of

Physical Environment to the
Emotional Intelligence and
Social Development of Children
in Conflict with the Law
AR 200- Thesis Research Writing

BY

PEREZ, JESSICA S.
2012123121
6/30/2017
Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

ABSTRACT:

Several studies show that children especially those who came from poor families and run
away from home are being more at risk and prone to danger physically, emotionally, and mentally.
These children suffer from hunger, cold, sickness, abuse, exploitation, peer influence and even crimes.
Most of them are child workers, they engaged in vending, car washing, scavenging, begging and most
of the time they engaged themselves in crimes such as petty theft, solvent abuse, peddling drugs,
vagrancy, and prostitution. According to DSWD, children as young as 9 years old are reported getting
involved in crimes though those 15 to 18 years old are more vulnerable in doing such things. These
children are often in conflict with the authorities and in major cases, they were arrested and detained
like adults and sometimes ending up in the same cells as adult prisoners (UNICEF). With this
disturbing issue, the Philippine government developed the Juvenile Justice and Welfare System (R. A.
9344) in 2006, which deals with the children-in-conflict-with-the-law (CICL) as well as the children
at risk, and has an objective; recognizes the vital role of children and youth in nation-building and
shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being (R. A.
9344, Sec. 2 (a); this act aims to provide child-appropriate actions which include programs and
services for prevention, diversion, rehabilitation, reintegration, and aftercare to ensure their normal
growth and development. However, human-rights groups are not convinced that this act really helps
to improve the human development needs of these children especially their emotional intelligence and
social development since the governments services and facilities are not enough and not suitable to
address their reformatory purposes.
The research study aims to provide an environment both built and natural that can be used as
a tool to create a comfortable and therapeutic setting that can promote better recovery and
psychological growth for the children in conflict with the law and that will enhance their emotional
intelligence and social development. It also aims to provide a productive environment that will allow
opportunities for them to engage with the different significant activities of the society and at the same
time encourage social interaction so that they will be seen as children with potentials and skills
instead of children at risk into committing different crimes.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 THESIS FORMAT (CHAPTER HEADING, all caps, TIMES NEW ROMAN, bold, font
size: 14 pts, left aligned, PAGE BREAK BEFORE) .............. Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1 Introduction (Subheading 1, Sentence case, Times New Roman, Bold, Font Size: 12, Left
Aligned) .............................................................................................................................................. 7

1.2 Formatting and style .................................................................................................................. 7

1.2.1 Page formatting .......................................................................................................... 7

1.2.2 Grammar and spellings ............................................................................................... 7

1.2.3 APA in-text citations and reference list ...................................................................... 8

1.2.4 Tables and figures..................................................................................................... 11

Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

1 THE PROBLEM
1.1 Introduction

Philippines is the third country in Asia that has the highest percentage of poverty as stated in
Asian Development Bank and children suffer the most as they consist of the most vulnerable group
of any population. Poverty impacts directly on childrens physical and intellectual growth. This is
visible in the number of children who are forced to drop out of school at an early age and instead
wander the urban streets for work to supplement their family income and most of the time they
involved themselves in committing crimes.
According to DSWD, children as young as 9 years old are reported getting involved in
crimes though those 15 to 18 years old are more vulnerable in doing such things. These children are
often in conflict with the authorities and in major cases, they were arrested and detained like adults
and sometimes ending up in the same cells as adult prisoners (UNICEF). With this disturbing issue,
the Philippine government developed the Juvenile Justice and Welfare System (R. A. 9344) in 2006,
which deals with the children in conflict with the law (CICL) as well as the children at risk, and has
an objective; recognizes the vital role of children and youth in nation-building and shall promote and
protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being (R. A. 9344, Sec. 2 (a); this
act aims to provide child-appropriate actions which include programs and services for prevention,
diversion, rehabilitation, reintegration, and aftercare to ensure their normal growth and development.
Despite of the implementation of this law, the human development needs of these children are still at
risk since the services and facilities provided by the government are not enough to address their
reformatory purposes.

1.1.1 Background of the study

Being the hope of a country, childrens basic human development needs must be recognized by
the family, government and the people around them. Children, especially of deprived family should
have a proper care and guidance of an adult since they are just victims of dysfunctional families,
disorderly community and poverty. Moreover, since there is lack of guidance from the family, the
concept of childrens right and wrong are blurred or erroneous, leading them to have low self-control
and in the long run their values become distorted, pushing them to commit crimes without feeling
guilty causing them to come into conflict with the law.

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

Children in conflict with the law refer to children who are alleged as accused of as having
committed an offence under the Philippine laws. Based on the reports of DSWD, in the first quarter of
2016, there are 1,297 CICL served by the City and Municipal Social Welfare and Development
Offices in 15 regions of the country, 858 CICL are housed in different Bahay Pag-asa and other youth
home facilities in NCR since it is inappropriate for them to be put into jail. These CICL underwent
community-based intervention, diversion and after care programs.

1.2 Statement of the problem

1.2.1 Main problem

Due to the poor economic of the country, children in conflict with the law issues becomes
depressing in urban areas of the Philippines, especially in National Capital Region. The magnitude of
the facilities need, defined as backlog plus new households is staggering. New approaches are needed
especially since rural-urban migration is expected to continue and will exacerbate the housing
problem. Socialized housing in the country focuses more on the quantity of housing units to supply
the increasing demand and sacrificing the quality of housing.

The primary purpose of this research is to improve the quality life of the informal settlers
through improvement of socialized housing in urban areas. By investigating the Filipino informal
living patterns to achieve social sustainability in socialized housing. And to develop an approach that
prioritizes both the quality and quantity of socialized housing in the Philippines. Since housing
remains a major challenge to achieve sustainable urban development in the country. The research
addresses the importance of decent housing in playing a critical role in response to the needs for
housing of all individuals or families, particularly the urban poor, while helping alleviate urban
poverty in the country.

lack of desisyon kung pano nila gagamitin ung emotion nila in a positive way

SUB- PROBLEMS

How can providing good quality of space to the children in conflict with the law
facilities alleviate their emotional and ? And benefit the physical and socio -
economic development of the area?

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

What are the Filipino informal living patterns? And how can affect social
sustainability in socialized housing?
What are the new and innovative planning concept to achieve spatial economy and
social sustainability in housing for informal settlers?

1.2.2 Hypotheses

The study shall assume several possible architectural interventions in the development of
the children in conflict with the law especially their emotional intelligence and social
development.
The youths emotional intelligence may be affected by the appearance of the physical
environment that they are living so good design can enhance such intelligence.
The youths social interaction may be affected by their mood and mood can be affected by
the quality of space around them so an appropriate one can boost this development.
The youths can have a homely atmosphere in the government provided facilities through
good architecture.

1.3 GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES

Project Goal:

To increase awareness about the effect of the physical environment to the emotional and
mental health of children in conflict with the law

To maximize the potential of architecture by researching on different cause and effect of the

1.4 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK / RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

Figure 1.8.1 shows the framework of this study. The study shall begin with
identifying the main problem. After problem identification, the next step is the research

3
Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

method in which data gathering shall be conducted. The research method will be done
simultaneously with the tourism track and the bamboo track in order to meet the deadline.
Data gathering shall include surveys, questionnaires, prototypes, schematics, interviews, and
data provided by various organization and key people involved. A review of related literature
shall be also conducted. Case studies of both local and foreign similar structures and studies
shall serve as a guide. After the data gathering, conducting the review of related literature and
case studies relevant to the topic, the proponent shall now analyze the data on how to
incorporate the use of bamboo in the design of an eco tourist resort which will then provide a
solution to the lack of sustainable tourism development in the country.

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

1. Childrens Sense of Attachment to Open Space by: Maryam Shabak

Spencer (2005), an environmental psychologist, emphasized the essential role of place in developing
self-identity in children and providing a sense of stability and security. Bonding and rootedness
necessary for place attachment are also mandatory for healthy development. Psychological
disturbances are often the result of a lack of place-based support or a secure home base. Building and
maintenance of successful relationships in childrens life are connected with place, identity, and well-
being (Green, 2005; Mohit, 2013). Nurturing childrens bond with their environment, especially a
residential area, could create a strong and secure self-identity.

2. Place Attachment in Children

In a seminal study, Relph, (1976) claimed that place attachment develops as a result of the activities
and behaviors of people in a particular environment, and with other people in that environment.
Similarly, (Tuan, 1977) defined place attachment as the connections people make with their
environment. Guthey, Whiteman, & Elmes (2014) defined place attachment in terms of the
attachments people make to place as a result of their daily activities, their imaginations, their real life
experiences and by what they read about a place. Regardless of the lack of a universal definition for
place attachment, most researchers agree that place attachment if required if the place is to be
successful.

Positive and negative feelings about an environment begin at a very young age. Direct and recurring
experiences and the social meaning given to a place by a child, and the association of a place with
other important people in the childs live have a significant influence on the subsequent development
of place attachments. Most young children become attached to their homes and places where they feel
safe and protected (Zen & Mohamad, 2014). As children grow, they make forays from their home
base to play and explore their larger environment. A successful place satisfies a childs need for
security, social affiliation, creative expression, and exploration. Places that allowed children to escape
from social pressures where they could express their feeling freely and have a control became their
favourite places.

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

4 FINDINGS AND DESIGN RECOMMENDATION

4.1 Introduction (Subheading 1, Sentence case, Times New Roman, Bold, Font Size:
12, Left Aligned)

This guide will provide basic guidelines in the preparation of your thesis research book. Use the thesis
structure guideprovided to you to outline contents of your research book. Use Times New Roman,
font size: 11 pts., justified for the text.

In writing your thesis, please be guided by the following unbreakable guidelines:

Do not plagiarize. Quote, cite sources, and paraphrase points emphasized in your thesis.
Plagiarism is a crime.

Go straight to the point. Articulate your points with your rationalization, illustrative examples,
or perspectives. Back-up or meat-up discussions with cited information, data, or statistics.

A good thesis should show originality, independence, mastery of the topic, and structure/logic.

4.2 Formatting and style

4.2.1 Page formatting

Please write your thesis using Microsoft Word 2003 or lower. Use letter size pages with 1 inch top,
bottom, and right margin, and 1.25 inches left margin. Write your thesis title, name, student no., and
date on the header, and the centered page number on the footer. Use this document template file
(AR200thesis_format.dot) for formatting.

4.2.2 Grammar and spellings

Always double check your grammar and spellings. Use American spellings in writing the report (e.g.
color instead or colour, capitalization instead of capitalisation).

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

4.2.3 APA in-text citations and reference list

Please use APA for in-text citations and reference list. Below are some basic and necessary pointers
for in-text citations and reference listas shown in Purdue Online Writing Lab
(http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/).

Short Quotations

If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and
the page number for the reference (preceded by "p."). Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase
that includes the author's last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses.

According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA

style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).

Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA style"
(p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers?

If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the author's last name, the year of publication, and
the page number in parentheses after the quotation.

She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style" (Jones,
1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.

Long Quotations

Place direct quotations longer than 40 words in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit
quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, i.e., in the
same place you would begin a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and
indent the first line of any subsequent paragraph within the quotation 1/2 inch from the new margin.
Maintain double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing
punctuation mark.

Jones's (1998) study found the following:

Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when

it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

be attributed to the fact that many students failed

to purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help.
(p. 199)

Summary or Paraphrase

If you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the author and
year of publication in your in-text reference, but APA guidelines encourage you to also provide the
page number (although it is not required.)

According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format

for first-time learners. APA style is a difficult citation format
for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).

Citing Indirect Sources

If you use a source that was cited in another source, name the original source in your signal phrase.
List the secondary source in your reference list and include the secondary source in the parentheses.

Johnson argued that...(as cited in Smith, 2003, p. 102).

Note: When citing material in parentheses, set off the citation with a comma, as above. Also, try to
locate the original material and cite the original source.

Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a
reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the
paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in
your text.

Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the thesis.

Reference examples

Below are example of reference format for various reference types:

Article in Journal:

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of

Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.

Article in a Magazine:

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.

Article in a Newspaper:

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today,
pp. 1A, 2A.

Basic Format for Books:

Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Edited Book with an Author or Authors:

Plath, S. (2000). The unabridged journals. K.V. Kukil, (Ed.). New York, NY: Anchor.

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book:

O'Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (1992). Men's and women's gender role journeys: A metaphor for healing,
transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp.
107-123). New York, NY: Springer.

Interviews, Email, and Other Personal Communication:

No personal communication is included in your reference list; instead, parenthetically cite the
communicator's name, the phrase "personal communication," and the date of the communication in
your main text only.

(E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001).

A. P. Smith also claimed that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personal
communication, November 3, 2002).

Article From an Online Periodical:

Bernstein, M. (2002).10 tips on writing the living Web. A list apart: For people who make websites,
149. Retrieved from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

Newspaper Article:

Parker-Pope, T. (2008, May 6). Psychiatry handbook linked to drug industry. The New York Times.
Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

Dissertation/Thesis from a Database

Biswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinson's disease.

Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3295214)

Online Encyclopedias and Dictionaries:

Feminism.(n.d.).In Encyclopdia Britannica online. Retrieved from

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/724633/feminism

Data Sets:

United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2008).Indiana income limits [Data
file]. Retrieved from http://www.huduser.org/Datasets/IL/IL08/in_fy2008.pdf

Motion Picture:

Smith, J. D. (Producer), &Smithee, A. F. (Director). (2001). Really big disaster movie [ Motion
picture]. United States: Paramount Pictures.

Television Broadcast or Series Episode:

Producer, P. P. (Producer). (Date of broadcast or copyright). Title of broadcast [ Television broadcast

or Television series ]. City of origin: Studio or distributor.

4.2.4 Tables and figures

Please make use the following table and figure examples. Number your tables starting from 1 and
your figures starting from 1. Make sure that explanation of the tables and figures are in written in the
the text. Make your table and figure titles describesuccinctly what is presented in the table.

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Thesis Title (A Study on the Impact of Physical Environment to the Cognitive and Social Development of
Children in Conflict with the Law)
JESSICA S. PEREZ)
2012123121 12/1/2017

Table 1 Table title

Source: Source

Figure 1 Figure title

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