Olympiad Grad 9

1-
) (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3

) (a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 ) 2 16a 2 b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) 2 = (a b) 4 (a + b) 4
2- (a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2
| ax + by | a 2 + b 2 . x 2 + y 2
3- A = (a + b + c + d) 2 , B = (a + b c d) 2
C = (a + c b d) 2 D = (a + d b c) 2
A + B + C + D = 4(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 )
a+b+c
4- p =
2
a(p a) 2 + b(p b) 2 + c(p c) 2 + 2(p a)(p b)(p c) = abc
a + b + c 2 a 2 + b2 + c2
5- p = ,q = , x = (q 2 a 2 )(q 2 b 2 )
2 2
y = (q b )(q c ) z = (q c 2 )(q 2 a 2 )
2 2 2 2 2
x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

6-
A = (x + y + z)3 x 3 y3 z 3 B = x 3 + y3 + z 3 3xyz
7- a + b + c = 0
) a 3 + b 3 + c3 = 3abc ) (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 = 2(a 4 + b 4 + c 4 )
Prepared by LIM PHALKUN Page 1

ab bc ca
8- x = , y= ,z=
a+b b+c c+a
(1 + x)(1 + y)(1 + z) = (1 x)(1 y)(1 z)
9- ax + by + cz = 0
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 1
=
ab(x y) + bc(y z) + ca(z x)
2 2 2
a+b+c
2
2+ 3 2 3
10- E = + =2
2 + 2+ 3 2 2 3

1 2 4
11- 3 3 2 1 = 3 3 + 3
9 9 9
3
2 + 3 20 3 25
12- 3
5 4 =
3

3
1
3+ 24 5 4
5 +1
4
13- =
3 2 5 5 1
4 4
a b c d
14- = = =
x y z t
ax + by + cz + ct = a + b + c + d. x + y + z + t
1 1 1
15- ax 3 = by 3 = cz 3 + + = 1
x y z
3
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
1 1 1
16- y = {2[(a + b ) a][(a + b ) b]}
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1
y = a + b (a + b ) 2 2 2
a, b > 0

17- a 0 , b 0 , c 0
A = a + b + c + 2 ac + bc + a + b + c 2 ac + bc
q q 2 p3 3 q q 2 p3
18- x = + 3
+ + +
2 4 27 2 4 27
x 3 + px + q = 0
19- 3
2 p + q p
q q > 0 q
20-
x ab x bc x ac
+ + = a+b+c
a+b b+c a+c
a + b 0 , b + c 0 , c + a 0
xa xb xc 1 1 1
21- + + = 2 + +
bc ac ab a b c
a 0, b 0 , c 0
22-
a+ b x a+c x b+cx 4x
+ + + =1
c b a a+b+c
a, b,c 0 a + b + c 0
23-
b+ x b+ x c p
p p
+ = x
b x a
p , p 2 , a, b,c 0

24- 3
a + x + 3 a x = 3 b a b
(b 2a)3
a 2
0 , a 0 , b 0
27b
25-
a + xb a
= a > 0 , b > 0 a b
b + xa b
7+ 3 7 3
26- x = y =
7 3 7+ 3
A = x 4 + y 4 + (x + y) 4 ?
15 + 35 + 21 + 5 3+ 7
27- =
3+2 5+ 7 2
28-
1 1 1
P= + + ... +
2 1+ 2 3 2 + 2 3 100 99 + 99 100
29- M = 2 + 2 + 2 5 2 2 + 2 5
30- a , b,c
7 + 2(1 + 3)(1 + 7) = a + b + c ( a < b < c )
31- (a, b,c)
3 3
2 1 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
1 1 1 1
32- P = (1 )(1 )(1 )....(1 )
22 32 42 20142
1 1 1 1
33- S = + + + ... +
3 +1 5+ 3 7+ 5 625 + 623

34-) k = 1, 2,3,...
1 1 1 1
= ( )
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 2 2k 1 2k + 1
)
1 1 1 1
S= + + + ... +
3+ 3 5 3 + 3 5 7 5 + 5 7 625 623 + 623 625
35-
7 7
A= 2 4+ 7 + 2 2+ + 2
2 2
1 53
36- E = + +
3
4 + 3 2 + 1 3 4 3 2 + 1 3 16 3 4 + 1
37- (x + 1)7 x 7 1 = 7x(x + 1)(x 2 + x + 1) 2
7 7
5 +1 5 1
A = +
2 2
1 + 13 1 13
38- a = b =
2 2
N = 19a 7 + 40b 5
39- A = 3 45 29 2 + 3 45 + 29 2
40-
A = ( 7 33 + 7 + 33 2)( 7 33 + 7 + 33 + 2)
( 2) + ( 2)
x
41-
x
3 3
= 3 4 15 + 3 4 + 15
A = 2 x + 2 x

42- x y x 2 + 8xy + y 2 = 1000

P = 2014 xy ?
43- (a , b)
ab b (a 1) 2 = 2014
44- (x , y)
3xy 6x 4y + 5 = 0
45- (x , y)
x 2 2x y 2 4y 8 = 0 , x 0 , y 0
x + 3xy = 66500
3 2
46- 2
3x y + y = 58500
3
7x 6x y + 3xy = 38
3 2 2
47-
13x 15x y + 3xy y = 49
2 2 2 3
a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
48- a, b,c 5
a + b + c = 9375
5 5
49-)
(a + b + c) 2 (a + b c) 2 + 4c2 (a + b) 2 = (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab) 2
)
c 2 x 2 (a + b + c)(a + b c)x (a + b) 2 = 0 c 0
+ a = 3 15 + 4 3
(a b) 7
a 7
b7

50- M = 3 (a b)
7ab(a + b) b = 3 5 2 3

51- a , b,c t
ab + bc + ca = t 2 M = 2t 2
(t 2 + b2 )(t 2 + c2 ) (t 2 + c2 )(t 2 + a 2 ) (t 2 + a 2 )(t 2 + b2 )
M=a +b +c
t +a
2 2
t +b
2 2
t 2 + c2
52- x = ab + (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 ) y = a 1 + b 2 + b 1 + a 2
x 2 y 2 = 1
1 1 1
53- x , y, z + + =0
x y z
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = (x + y + z) 2
a , b,c a b c
1 1 1
+ +
(a b) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2

54-
1 1 1 1 1 1
S = 1++ + 1 + + + ... + 1 + +
12 22 22 32 20132 20142
55- a b a 2 + b 2 = 13
a 3 + b 3 = 19 a + b ?
56- a , b,c
a + b + c = m + 1
m
ab + bc + ca = m 4m + 6
2

m a 2 + b 2 + c 2
(b,c) a = 1 m
57- a b
a + b = 2m + 2 ab = 5m 1 m
) M = (a b) 2 m
| 2m 3 | m
) c d (a + b)(c + d) = 2(ab + cd)
m )
58- a , b,c
a + b + c = m 1
3 m
a + b + c = m 57m 331
3 3 3
) P = (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) m
m P
) a + c = 2b (a, b,c) m

59- a , b,c
a + b + c = 3(m 2 + 1)
3
a + b + c 3abc = m 2m + 11m 2m + 10
3 3 4 3 2
m
) S = (a b) 2 + (b c) 2 + (c a) 2 m
m S
) a + c = 2b (a, b,c) m

60- P(x) = x 4 x 3 + 1 Q(x) = x 2 2

a , b,c,d
P(x) = (x a)(x b)(x c)(x d)
N = Q(a).Q(b).Q(c).Q(d)


) (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3
) (a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 ) 2 16a 2 b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) 2 = (a b) 4 (a + b) 4
) (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3

E = (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2
E = (a 3 + 3ab 2 + 3a 2 b + b3 )(a 3 + 3ab 2 3a 2 b b3 )
= (a 3 + 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 + b3 )(a 3 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 b3 )
= (a + b)3 (a b)3
(a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3
) (a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 ) 2 16a 2 b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) 2 = (a b) 4 (a + b) 4
F = (a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 ) 2 16a 2 b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) 2
F = (a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 4a 3b 4ab3 )(a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 + 4a 3b + 4ab3 )
= (a 4 4a 3b + 6a 2 b 2 4ab3 + b 4 )(a 4 + 4a 3b + 6a 2 b 2 + 4ab3 + b 4 )
= (a b) 4 (a + b) 4
(a 4 + 6a 2 b 2 + b 4 ) 2 16a 2 b 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) 2 = (a b) 4 (a + b) 4

(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2

| ax + by | a 2 + b 2 . x 2 + y 2
(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2

A = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2
A = a 2 x 2 + 2abxy + b 2 y 2 + b 2 x 2 2abxy + a 2 y 2
= (a 2 x 2 + b 2 x 2 ) + (a 2 y 2 + b 2 y 2 )
= x 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) + y 2 (a 2 + b 2 )
= (a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 )
(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2
| ax + by | a 2 + b 2 . x 2 + y 2
(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2
(bx ay) 2 0 (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2 (ax + by) 2
(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) (ax + by) 2
| ax + by | a 2 + b 2 . x 2 + y 2

A = (a + b + c + d) 2 , B = (a + b c d) 2
C = (a + c b d) 2 D = (a + d b c) 2
A + B + C + D = 4(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 )
A + B + C + D = 4(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 )
A = (a + b + c + d) 2 = [(a + b) + (c + d)]2
= (a + b) 2 + 2(a + b)(c + d) + (c + d) 2
B = (a + b c d) 2 = [(a + b) (c + d)]2
= (a + b) 2 2(a + b)(c + d) + (c + d) 2
A + B = 2[(a + b) 2 + (c + d) 2 ]
C = (a + c b d) 2 = [(a b) + (c d)]2
= (a b) 2 + 2(a b)(c d) + (c d) 2
D = (a + d b c) 2 = [(a b) (c d)]2
= (a b) 2 2(a b)(c d) + (c d) 2
C + D = 2[(a b) 2 + (c d) 2 ]
A + B + C + D = 2[(a + b) 2 + (a b) 2 ] + 2[(c + d) 2 + (c d) 2 ]
(a + b) 2 + (a b) 2 = 2(a 2 + b 2 )
(c + d) 2 + (c d) 2 = 2(c2 + d 2 )
A + B + C + D = 4(a 2 + b 2 + c2 + d 2 )

a+b+c
p =
2

A = a(p a) 2 + b(p b) 2 + c(p c) 2
= (a + b + c)p 2 2(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 )p + a 3 + b3 + c3
B = 2(p a)(p b)(p c)
= 2p3 2(a + b + c)p 2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)p 2abc
a+b+c
p = a + b + c = 2p
2
A = 2p3 2(a 2 + b 2 + c2 )p + a 3 + b3 + c3
B = 2p3 4p3 + 2(ab + bc + ca)p 2abc
A + B = 2(ab + bc + ca a 2 b 2 c 2 )p + a 3 + b3 + c3 2abc
2(ab + bc + ca a 2 b2 c2 )p = (ab + bc + ca a 2 b2 c2 )(a + b + c)
= 3abc a 3 b3 c3
A = 3abc a 3 b3 c3 + a 3 + b3 + c3 2abc = abc

a + b + c 2 a 2 + b2 + c2
p = ,q = , x = (q 2 a 2 )(q 2 b 2 )
2 2
y = (q b )(q c ) z = (q c 2 )(q 2 a 2 )
2 2 2 2 2
x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)
x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

a 2 + b2 + c2
4x = (2q 2a )(2q 2b ) q =
2 2 2 2 2
2
4x = (b + c a )(a + c b ) = c (a b )
2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2
4y = a 4 (b 2 c 2 ) 2 4z = b 4 (c 2 a 2 ) 2

4(x + y + z) = a 4 + b 4 + c 4 (a 2 b 2 ) 2 (b 2 c2 ) 2 (c 2 a 2 ) 2
= 2a 2 b 2 + 2b 2c 2 + 2c 2a 2 a 4 b 4 c 4
= 4a 2c2 (a 4 + b 4 + c4 2a 2 b 2 2b 2c 2 + 2a 2c 2 )
= 4a 2c2 (a 2 b 2 + c 2 ) 2
= (2ac + a 2 b 2 + c 2 )(2ac a 2 + b 2 c 2 )
= [(a + c) 2 b 2 ][b 2 (a c) 2 ]
= (a + c + b)(a + c b)(b + a c)(b a + c)
= 2p(2p 2b)(2p 2c)(2p 2a)
= 16p(p a)(p b)(p c)
x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

A = (x + y + z)3 x 3 y3 z 3 B = x 3 + y3 + z 3 3xyz
A = (x + y + z)3 x 3 y3 z 3
= [(x + y) + z]3 x 3 y3 z 3
= (x + y)3 + 3(x + y) 2 z + 3(x + y)z 2 + z3 x 3 y3 z3
= (x + y)3 + 3(x + y) 2 z + 3(x + y)z 2 x 3 y3
= 3xy(x + y) + 3(x + y) 2 z + 3(x + y)z 2
= 3(x + y)(xy + xz + yz + z 2 )
= 3(x + y)[x(y + z) + z(y + z)] = 3(x + y)(y + z)(z + x)
A = (x + y + z)3 x 3 y3 z 3 = 3(x + y)(y + z)(x + z)
A = (x + y + z)3 x 3 y3 z 3 = 3(x + y)(y + z)(x + z)
x 3 + y3 + z3 = (x + y + z)3 3(x + y)(y + z)(x + z)
B = (x + y + z)3 3(x + y)(y + z)(x + z) 3xyz
s = x + y + z
B = s3 3(s z)(s x)(s y) 3xyz
= s3 3s3 + 3(x + y + z)s 2 3(xy + yz + xz)s + 3xyz 3xyz
= s3 3s3 + 3s3 3(xy + yz + xz)s = s3 3(xy + yz + xz)s
= s(s 2 3xy 3yz 3xz) = (x + y + z)(x 2 + y2 + z 2 xy yz xz)
B = (x + y + z)(x 2 + y 2 + z 2 xy yz xz)

a + b + c = 0
) a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
) (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 = 2(a 4 + b 4 + c 4 )
) a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
a + b + c = 0 a = (b + c)
a 3 = (b + c)3 = b3 c3 3bc(b + c)
a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
) (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 = 2(a 4 + b 4 + c 4 )
a + b + c = 0 (a + b + c) 2 = 0
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 2(ab + bc + ca)
(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 = 4(ab + bc + ca) 2
(ab + bc + ca) 2 = a 2 b 2 + b 2c 2 + c 2a 2 + 2ab 2c + 2a 2 bc + 2abc 2
= a 2 b 2 + b 2c 2 + a 2c 2 + 2abc(a + b + c)
= a 2 b 2 + b 2c 2 + a 2c 2
1
= [(a 2 + b 2 + c2 ) 2 (a 4 + b 4 + c4 )]
2
(a 2 + b 2 + c2 ) 2 = 2(a 2 + b 2 + c2 ) 2 2(a 4 + b 4 + c 4 )
(a 2 + b 2 + c2 ) 2 = 2(a 4 + b 4 + c4 )

ab bc ca
x = , y= ,z=
a+b b+c c+a
(1 + x)(1 + y)(1 + z) = (1 x)(1 y)(1 z)
(1 + x)(1 + y)(1 + z) = (1 x)(1 y)(1 z)

ab 2a ab 2b
1 + x = 1 + = 1 x = 1 =
a+b a+b a+b a+b
1+ x 2a a + b a
= =
1 x a + b 2b b
1+ y b 1+ z c
= =
1 y c 1 x a
1+ x 1+ y 1+ z a b c
. . = . . =1
1 x 1 y 1 z b c a
(1 + x)(1 + y)(1 + z) = (1 x)(1 y)(1 z)

ax + by + cz = 0
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 1
=
ab(x y) 2 + bc(y z) 2 + ca(z x) 2 a + b + c
N = ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 D = ab(x y)2 + bc(y z)2 + ca(z x) 2

D = abx 2 + aby2 + bcy 2 + bcz 2 + caz 2 + cax 2 2abxy 2bcyz 2cazx
= a(cz2 + by2 ) + b(ax 2 + cz2 ) + c(ax 2 + by2 ) 2abxy 2acxz 2bcyz
= a(N ax 2 ) + b(N by2 ) + c(N cz2 ) 2abxy 2acxz 2bcyz
= (a + b + c)N (a 2 x 2 + b2 y2 + c2z2 + 2abxy + 2acxz + 2bcyz)
= (a + b + c)N (ax + by + cz)2
= (a + b + c).N ax + by + cz = 0
N 1
=
D a+b+c
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 1
=
ab(x y) 2 + bc(y z) 2 + ca(z x) 2 a + b + c

2
2+ 3 2 3
E = + =2
2 + 2+ 3 2 2 3

2
4+ 2 3 3 + 2 3 + 12 ( 3 + 1) 2
2 + 3 = = =
2 2 2
2
4 2 3 3 2 3 + 12 ( 3 1) 2
2 3 = = =
2 2 2
1
2+ 3 ( 3 + 1) 2
2( 3 + 1) 2
= 2 =
2 + 2+ 3 3 +1 2(3 + 3)
2+
2
2( 3 + 1) 2 2( 3 + 1) 6+ 2
= = =
2 3( 3 + 1) 2 3 2 3
1
2 3 ( 3 1) 2
2( 3 1) 2
= 2 =
2 2 3 3 1 2(3 3)
2
2
2( 3 1) 2 2( 3 1) 6 2
= = =
2 3( 3 1) 2 3 2 3
6+ 2 6 2 2 6
+ = = 2 E = ( 2) 2 = 2
2 3 2 3 2 3

1 32 34
3 3
2 1 = 3 +
9 9 9
t = 2 t 3 = 2
3
1 32 34
3 3
2 1 = 3 +
9 9 9
1 t + t2
3
t 1 = 3 9(t 1) = (1 t + t 2 )3
9
(1 t + t 2 ) 2 = 1 + t 2 + t 4 2t + 2t 2 2t 3
= t(t 3 2) 2(t 3 2) + 3(t 2 1) t 3 = 2
(1 t + t 2 ) 2 = 3(1 t 2 ) = 3(1 + t)(1 t)
1 t + t 2
(1 t + t 2 )3 = 3(1 + t)(1 t + t 2 )(1 t)

= 3(1 + t 3 )(1 t)
= 3(1 + 2)(1 t) = 9(1 t)
1 32 34
3 3
2 1 = 3 +
9 9 9

2 + 3 20 3 25
3
3
5 4 = 3

3
2 + 3 20 3 25 3
5 4 = 3 3
3
3
2 + 3 20 3 25
y = y > 0
3
(a + b c) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab 2bc 2ca
3
4 + 3 400 + 3 625 + 2 3 40 2 3 500 2 3 50
y =
2
9
3
4 + 2 3 50 + 5 3 5 + 4 3 5 10 3 4 2 3 50
=
9
9 3 5 9 3 4 9( 3 5 3 4) 3
= = = 5 3 4
9 9
y = 3 5 3 4 y > 0
3
2 + 3 20 3 25
3
5 4 = 3

3

1
3+ 2 5 4
5 +1
4 4
=
3 2 4
5
4
5 1
t = 4 5 t 4 = 5
4
4 5 +1 (t + 1) 4 t 4 + 4t 3 + 6t 2 + 4t + 1
4 = = 4
5 1 (t 1) 4
t 4t 3
+ 6t 2
4t + 1
5 + 4t 3 + 6t 2 + 4t + 1
=
5 4t 3 + 6t 2 4t + 1
6 + 4t 3 + 6t 2 + 4t
=
6 4t 3 + 6t 2 4t
3 + 2t + t 2 (3 + 2t) (3 + 2t)(3 + t 2 )
= =
3 2t + t 2 (3 2t) (3 2t)(3 + t 2 )
3 + 2t 3 + 2 4 5
= =
3 2t 3 2 4 5
1
5 +1 3 + 24 5
4 4
4 =
5 1 3 24 5
1
3 + 24 5 4
5 +1
4
=
3 2 5 5 1
4 4

a b c d
= = =
x y z t
a = kx
b = ky
a b c d
= = = =k
x y z t c = kz
d = kt
ax + by + cz + dt = (x + y + z + t) k (1)
a+b+c+d
a + b + c + d = (x + y + z + t)k k = (2)
x+ y+z+ t
(2) (1)
a+ b+c+d
ax + by + cz + dt = (x + y + z + t)
x+ y+z+ t
= x + y + z + t. a + b + c + d

1 1 1
ax 3 = by3 = cz 3 + + = 1
x y z
3
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
3 ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
3 3 3
ax by cz
t = 3 ax + by + cz = 3
2 2 2
+ +
x y z
1 1 1
ax 3 = by3 = cz 3 + + = 1
x y z
3 3 3
ax ax ax 1 1 1 t
t = 3 + + = x 3 a( + + ) = x 3 a = 3 a
x y z x y z x
t t
= 3 b = 3 c
y z
t t t 1 1 1
+ + = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c ( + + )t = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
x y z x y z
1 1 1
+ + = 1 t = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
x y z
3
ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c

1 1 1
y = {2[(a + b ) a][(a + b ) b]} a, b > 0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1
y = a + b (a + b ) 2 2 2

1
y = a + b (a + b ) 2 2 2
1 1 1
y = {2[(a + b ) a][(a + b ) b]}
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= 2 (a 2 + b 2 ) (a + b) a 2 + b 2 + ab

= 2(a 2 + b 2 ) 2(a + b) a 2 + b 2 + 2ab
= (a 2 + 2ab + b 2 ) 2(a + b) a 2 + b 2 + (a 2 + b 2 )
= (a + b) 2 2(a + b) a 2 + b 2 + ( a 2 + b 2 ) 2
= (a + b a 2 + b 2 ) 2 =| a + b a 2 + b 2 |
a + b > a 2 + b 2 a > 0 , b > 0
1
y = a + b (a + b )
2 2 2


a 0 , b 0 , c 0

a + b + c + 2 ac + bc = (a + b) 2 + 2 (a + b)c + c 2
= ( a + b + c) 2
a + b + c 2 ac + bc = (a + b) 2 2 (a + b)c + c 2
= ( a + b c) 2
A = ( a + b + c) 2 + ( a + b c) 2
= | a+b + c |+| a+b c |
= a + b + c+ | a + b c |
- a + b c > 0 a + b > c
A= a+b+ c+ a+b c =2 a+b
- a + b c < 0 a + b < c
A= a+b+ c a+b+ c =2 c

q q 2 p3 3 q q 2 p3
x = + + 3
+ +
2 4 27 2 4 27
x 3 + px + q = 0
q q 2 p3 q q 2 p3
a = + 3
+ ,b=
3
+
2 4 27 2 4 27
x = a + b x 3 = (a + b)3 = a 3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
q q 2 p3 q q 2 p3
a + b = +
3 3
+ + = q
2 4 27 2 4 27
2 2
q q 2
p 3
p
ab = +
3
=
2 4 27 3
x 3 = q px x 3 + px + q = 0
q q 2 p3 3 q q 2 p3
x = + + +
3
+
2 4 27 2 4 27
x 3 + px + q = 0

3
2 p + q p q
q > 0 q
3 2 = p + q 2 = (p + q )3
2 = p3 + 3p 2 q + 3pq + q q
2 = (p3 + 3pq) + (3p 2 + q) q
q 3p 2 + q = 0
q > 0 3p 2 + q > 0
3 2 p + q p
q q > 0 q

x ab x bc x ac
+ + = a+b+c
a+b b+c a+c
a + b 0 , b + c 0 , c + a 0

x ab x bc x ac
+ + = a+b+c
a+b b+c a+c
x ab x bc x ac
( c) + ( a) + ( b) = 0
a+b b+c a+c
x ab ac bc x ab ac bc x ab ac bc
+ + =0
a+b b+c a+c
1 1 1
(x ab bc ca)( + + )=0
a+b b+c c+a
x ab bc ca = 0
x = ab + bc + ca

xa xb xc 1 1 1
+ + = 2 + +
bc ac ab a b c
a 0, b 0 , c 0
xa xb xc 1 1 1
+ + = 2 + +
bc ac ab a b c
x a 1 1 x b 1 1 x c 1 1
+ + =0
bc b c ac a c ab a b
xabc xbca xcab
+ + =0
bc ac ab
1 1 1
(x a b c)( + + ) = 0
bc ca ab
x = a + b + c

a+bx a+c x b+cx 4x
+ + + =1
c b a a+b+c
a, b,c 0 a + b + c 0

a+bx a+c x b+cx 4x
+ + + =1
c b a a+b+c
a+bx a+cx b+cx x

( + 1) + ( + 1) + ( + 1) 4(1 )=0
c b a a+b+c
a+b+cx a+b+cx a+b+cx a+b+cx
+ + 4 =0
c b a a+b+c
1 1 1 4
(a + b + c x)( + + )=0
c b a a+b+c
x = a + b + c

b+x b+ x c p
p p
+ = x p , p 2 , a, b,c 0
b x a

b+x b+ x c p
p p
+ = x
b x a
1 1 cp
( b + x )( + ) =
p
x
b x a
1
1+
(b + x) p 1
c
= xp
bx a
1
1+
(b + x) p
bc
1
=
1+ a
p
x
1+ p p
b+ x bc pb bc 1+ p
= + 1 =
x a x a
b
x = p

bc 1+ p
1
a

3
a+ x + 3 a x = 3 b
(b 2a)3
a b a 2
0 , a 0 , b 0
27b
3
a+ x + 3 a x = 3 b
x 0
(A + B)3 = A 3 + B3 + 3A.B(A + B)
A = 3 a + x , B = 3 a x A + B = 3 b
( b)
3
3
= a + x + a x + 33 a2 x 3 b
b = 2a + 3 3 b 3 a 2 x
b 2a (b 2a)3
a x = 3
3 2
a x=
2
3 b 27b
(b 2a)3 (b 2a)3
x = a
2
a 2
0 , a 0 , b 0
27b 27b

a + xb a
= a > 0 , b > 0 a b
b + xa b

a + xb a
= x a , x b
b + xa b
b( a + x b) = a ( b + x a )
ab + b(x b) = ab + a(x a)
b(x b) = a(x a)
b(x b) = a(x a)
(b a)x = b 2 a 2
b2 a 2
a b x = =a+b
ba

7+ 3 7 3
x = y =
7 3 7+ 3
A = x + y + (x + y) 4 ?
4 4
A = x 4 + y 4 + (x + y) 4
7 + 3 ( 7 + 3) 2 7 + 2 21 + 3 10 + 2 21
x = = = =
7 3 7 3
2 2 73 4
5 + 21
=
2
7 3 ( 7 3) 2 7 2 21 + 3 10 2 21
x = = = =
7+ 3 7 3
2 2 73 4
5 21
=
2
5 + 21 5 21 52 212
x + y = + = 5 xy = =1
2 2 4
A = x + y + (x + y) = (x + y ) 2x y + 54
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2
2
= (x + y) 2 2xy 2(xy) 2 + 625
= (25 2) 2 2 + 625 = 1152
A = x 4 + y 4 + (x + y) 4 = 1152

15 + 35 + 21 + 5 3+ 7
=
3+2 5+ 7 2
15 + 35 + 21 + 5 3+ 7
=
3+2 5+ 7 2
15 + 35 + 21 + 5 ( 15 + 25) + ( 21 + 35)
x = =
3+2 5+ 7 3+2 5+ 7
5( 3 + 5) + 7( 3 + 5) ( 3 + 5)( 5 + 7)
x= =
3+2 5+ 7 ( 3 + 5) + ( 5 + 7)
1 ( 3 + 5) + ( 5 + 7) 1 1
= = +
x ( 3 + 5)( 5 + 7) 5+ 7 3+ 5
1 7 5 5 3 7 3
= + =
x 2 2 2
2 2( 7 + 3) 7+ 3
x = = =
7 3 7 3
2 2 2
15 + 35 + 21 + 5 3+ 7
=
3+2 5+ 7 2

1 1 1
P= + + ... +
2 1+ 2 3 2 + 2 3 100 99 + 99 100

1 1 1
P= + + ... +
2 1+ 2 3 2 + 2 3 100 99 + 99 100
k
1 1 k +1 k
= =
(k + 1) k + k k + 1 k(k + 1)( k + 1 + k ) k(k + 1)
1 1
=
k k +1
1 1 1 1 1
P = (1 )+( ) + ... + ( )
2 2 3 99 100
1 9
= 1 =
10 10
1 1 1 9
P = + + ... + =
2 1+ 2 3 2 + 2 3 100 99 + 99 100 10

M = 2 + 2 + 2 5 2 2 + 2 5
a = 2 + 2 + 2 5 , b = 2 2 + 2 5
a 2 + b 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 5 + 2 2 + 2 5 = 4
ab = 22 (2 + 2 5) 2 = 4 + 2 2 5 = 6 2 5
= ( 5) 2 2 5 + 12 = ( 5 1) 2 = 5 1
M = a b = (a b) 2 = a 2 + b 2 2ab
= 4 2( 5 1) = 6 2 5 = ( 5 1) 2 = 5 1
M = 2 + 2 + 2 5 2 2 + 2 5 = 5 1

a , b,c
7 + 2(1 + 3)(1 + 7 ) = a + b + c ( a < b < c )
a , b,c
7 + 2(1 + 3)(1 + 7 ) = a + b + c

7 + 2(1 + 3)(1 + 7 ) = ( a + b + c) 2
9 + 2 3 + 2 5 + 2 15 = a + b + c + 2 ab + 2 ac + 2 bc
a < b < c ab < ac < bc
a + b + c = 9
ab = 3

ac = 5
bc = 15
a = 1 , b = 3, c = 5

(a, b,c)
3 3
2 1 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
(a, b,c)
x = 3 3
2 1 y = 3 2
y3 = ( 3 2)3 = 2 x = 3 3
2 1 = 3 y 1
(y 1)(y 2 + y + 1) = y3 1 = 2 1 = 1
1 1
y 1 = x = 3 y 1 = (1)
y + y +1
2
3
y + y +1
2
3y 2 + 3y + 3 (y + 1)3 y3 + 2 (y + 1)3
y + y + 1 =
2
= = (2)
3 3 3
3
3
(2) (1) x = (3)
y +1
3
(y + 1)(y 2 y + 1) = y3 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3 y + 1 = 2 (4)
y y +1
3
3 2 1
(4) (3) x = (y y + 1) = 3 ( 3 4 3 2 + 1)
3 9
4 2 1
x=3 3 +3 x = 3 3 2 1 = 3 a + 3 b + 3 c
9 9 9
4 2 1
a = , b = , c =
9 9 9

1 1 1 1
P = (1 )(1 )(1 )....(1 )
22 32 42 20142
1 1 1 1
P = (1 2
)(1 2
)(1 2
)....(1 2
)
2 3 4 2014
1 k 1 k 1 k +1
2
k 2 1 2 = 2
= .
k k k k
1 3 2 4 3 5 2013 2015
P = ( . ) ( . ) ( . )....( . )
2 2 3 3 4 4 2014 2014
1 2 3 2013 3 4 5 2015
= ( . . ... )( . . ... )
2 3 4 2014 2 3 4 2014
1 2015 2015
= =
2014 2 4028
2015
P =
4028

1 1 1 1
S= + + + ... +
3 +1 5+ 3 7+ 5 625 + 623
1 1 1 1
S= + + + ... +
3 +1 5+ 3 7+ 5 625 + 623
k = 1, 2,3,....
1 2k + 1 2k 1 2k + 1 2k 1
= =
2k + 1 + 2k 1 (2k + 1)2 (2k 1)2 2
3 1 5 3 7 5 625 623
S = + + + ... +
2 2 2 2
3 1 + 5 3 + 7 5 + ... + 625 623
=
2
625 1 25 1
= = = 12
2 2
S = 12

) k = 1, 2,3,...
1 1 1 1
= ( )
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 2 2k 1 2k + 1
)
1 1 1 1
S= + + + ... +
3+ 3 5 3 + 3 5 7 5 + 5 7 625 623 + 623 625
)
1 1 1 1
= ( )
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 2 2k 1 2k + 1
1 1
=
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 (2k 1)(2k + 1)( 2k + 1 + 2k 1)
2k + 1 2k 1
=
2 (2k + 1)(2k 1)
1 1 1
=
2 2k 1 2k + 1
1 1 1 1
= ( )
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 2 2k 1 2k + 1

)
1 1 1 1
S= + + + ... +
3+ 3 5 3 + 3 5 7 5 + 5 7 625 623 + 623 625
1 1 1 1
= ( )
(2k + 1) 2k 1 + (2k 1) 2k + 1 2 2k 1 2k + 1
1 1 1
k = 1 : = (1 )
3+ 3 2 3
1 1 1 1
k = 2 : = ( )
5 3+3 5 2 3 5
1 1 1 1
k = 3: = ( )
7 5+5 7 2 5 7

1 1 1 1
k = 312 : = ( )
625 623 + 623 625 2 623 625

1 1 1 1 12
S = (1 ) = (1 ) =
2 625 2 25 25
12
S =
25

7 7
A = 2 4+ 7 + 2 2+ + 2
2 2
7 7
A= 2 4+ 7 + 2 2+ + 2
2 2
2 4 + 7 = 8 + 2 7 = ( 7 + 1) 2 = 7 + 1
2
7 4+ 7 8+ 2 7 7 +1 7 +1
2+ = = = =
2 2 4 2 2
2
7 4 7 8 2 7 7 1 7 1
2 = = = =
2 2 4 2 2
7 +1 7 1
A = 7 + 1+ 2 +
2 2
= 7 +1+ 2 7 = 7 +1+ 24 7
= 1 + 2 4 7 + 4 7 2 = (1 + 4 7) 2 = 1 + 4 7
A = 1 + 4 7

1 3 5
E = + +
3
4 + 3 2 +1 3
4 3 2 +1 3
16 3 4 + 1
1 3 5
E = + +
3
4 + 3 2 +1 3
4 3 2 +1 3
16 3 4 + 1

1 ab
a 3 b3 = (a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 ) =
a 2 + ab + b 2 a 3 b3
1 a+b
a 3 + b3 = (a + b)(a 2 ab + b 2 ) 2 =
a ab + b 2 a 3 + b3
1 3
2 1 3
3 = = 2 1
4 + 3 2 +1 2 1
3 3( 3 2 + 1) 3
= = 2 +1
3
4 2 +1
3
2 +1
5 5( 3 4 + 1) 3
= = 4 +1
3
16 4 + 1
3
4 +1
E = 3
2 1+ 3 2 + 1+ 3 4 + 1
= 3
4 + 2 3 2 + 1 = ( 3 2 + 1) 2 = 3 2 + 1
E = 3 2 + 1

(x + 1) 7 x 7 1 = 7x(x + 1)(x 2 + x + 1) 2
7 7
5 +1 5 +1
A = 1 + +
2 2
(x + 1) 7 x 7 1 = 7x(x + 1)(x 2 + x + 1) 2
(x + 1)7 = (x + 1)[(x + 1)3 ]2 = (x + 1)(x 3 + 3x 2 + 3x + 1) 2
= (x + 1)[(x 3 + 3x 2 ) 2 + 2(x 3 + 3x 2 )(3x + 1) + (3x + 1) 2 ]
= (x + 1)(x 6 + 6x 5 + 15x 4 + 20x 3 + 15x 2 + 6x + 1)
x 7 + 1 = (x + 1)(x 6 x 5 + x 4 x 3 + x 2 x + 1)
y = (x + 1)7 x 7 1 = (x + 1)7 (x 7 + 1)
= (x + 1)(7x 5 + 14x 4 + 21x 3 + 14x 2 + 7x)
= 7x(x + 1)(x 4 + 2x 3 + 3x 2 + 2x + 1)
= 7x(x + 1)(x 2 + x + 1) 2
(x + 1) 7 x 7 1 = 7x(x + 1)(x 2 + x + 1) 2
a
x =
b
a a 7 a a a2 a
( + 1) ( ) 1 = 7 ( + 1)( 2 + + 1) 2
7
b b b b b b
b 7
(a + b)7 a 7 b 7 = 7ab(a + b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 ) 2
a 7 + b 7 = (a + b)7 7ab(a + b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 ) 2

5 +1 5 +1
a = b =
2 2
5 +1 5 +1 5 +1 5 +1
a + b = + = 1 ab = =1
2 2 2 2
a 2 + ab + b 2 = (a + b) 2 ab = 1 + 1 = 2
7 7
5 +1 5 +1
+ = 1 7(1)(1)(2) = 15
7 2
2 2
7 7
5 +1 5 +1
A = 1 + + = 1 + 15 = 16 = 4
2 2
A = 4

1 + 13 1 13
a = b =
2 2
N = 19a 7 + 97b5
N = 19a 7 + 97b5
1 + 13 1 13
a = b =
2 2
1 + 13 1 13 1 13
a + b = + = 1 ab = = 3
2 2 4
a b x x 3 = 0 ()
2
a 2 a 3 = 0 b 2 b 3 = 0 a > 0 , b < 0
a 2 = a + 3 a 3 = a 2 + 3a = a + 3 + 3a = 4a + 3
a 5 = a 2 .a 3 = (a + 3)(4a + 3) = 4a 2 + 15a + 9 = 19a + 21
a 7 = a 2 .a 5 = (a + 3)(19a + 21) = 19a 2 + 78a + 63
a 7 = 19(a + 3) + 78a + 63 = 97a + 120
b5 = 19b + 21 ( a 5 = 19a + 21 )
N = 19a 7 + 97b5 = 19(97a + 120) + 97(19b + 21)
= 1843(a + b) + 4317 = 1843 + 4317 = 6160
N = 6160

A = 3 45 29 2 + 3 45 + 29 2
u = 3 45 29 2 v = 3 45 + 29 2
A = u + v A 3 = (u + v)3 = u 3 + v3 + 3uv(u + v)
u 3 + v3 = 45 29 2 + 45 + 29 2 = 90
uv = 3 452 (29 2) 2 = 3 343 = 7
A 3 = 90 + 21A A 3 21A 90 = 0
A 3 6A 2 + 6A 2 36A + 15A 90 = 0
A 2 (A 6) + 6A(A 6) + 15(A 6) = 0
(A 6)(A 2 + 6A + 15) = 0
A 2 + 6A + 15 = (A + 3) 2 + 6 > 0
A 6 = 0 A = 6
A = 3 45 29 2 + 3 45 + 29 2 = 6

A = ( 7 33 + 7 + 33 2)( 7 33 + 7 + 33 + 2)
A = ( 7 33 + 7 + 33 2)( 7 33 + 7 + 33 + 2)
a = 7 33 b = 7 + 33 ab = 49 33 = 4
A = (a + b ab)(a + b + ab)
= (a + b) 2 ( ab) 2 = a 2 + ab + b 2
a 2 + b 2 = 7 33 + 7 + 33 = 14 ab = 4
A = 14 + 4 = 18
A = ( 7 33 + 7 + 33 2)( 7 33 + 7 + 33 + 2) = 18

( ) ( )
x x
3
2 + 3
2 = 3 4 15 + 3 4 + 15
A = 2 x + 2 x
A = 2 x + 2 x
a 3 + b3 = (a + b)(a 2 ab + b 2 )
( 2 ) +( )
3 3
x x
A = 2 + 2 x
= 3 x 3
2
( 2) ( 2 ) ( 4 ) + ( 4 ) 1
x x
=
x x
3
+ 3 3 3

t = ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) = 4 15 + 4 + 15
x x
3 3 3 3
t = ( 2 ) + ( 2) = ( 4) + ( 4) + 2
x x 2 x x
2 3 3 3 3

( 4 ) + ( 4) = t 2
x x
3 3 2
A = t(t 2 2 1) = t 3 3t (1)
u = 3 4 15 v = 3 4 + 15
t = u + v t 3 = (u + v)3 = u 3 + v3 + 3uv(u + v)
u 3 + v3 = 4 15 + 4 + 15 = 8
uv = 3 42 ( 15) 2 = 1
t 3 = 8 + 3t t 3 3t = 8 (2)
(1) (2) A = 8

x y x 2 + 8xy + y 2 = 1000
P = 2014 xy ?
P = 2014 xy
x 2 + 8xy + y 2 = 1000
10xy + (x y) 2 = 1000
(x y) 2
xy = 100
10
(x y) 2
(x y) 0 xy = 100
2
100
10
P = 2014xy 201400 ( x = y )
P = 2014 xy Pmax = 201400

(a , b)
ab b (a 1) 2 = 2014
(a , b)
ab b (a 1) 2 = 2014
b(a 1) (a 1) 2 = 2014
(a 1)(b a + 1) = 2014
2014 = 2 19 53 a b
a 1 = 1
a = 2 , b = 2015
b a + 1 = 2014
a 1 = 2
a = 3 , b = 1009
b a + 1 = 19 53
a 1 = 19
a = 20 , b = 125
b a + 1 = 2 53
a 1 = 2 19
a = 39 , b = 91
b a + 1 = 53
a 1 = 53
a = 54 , b = 91
b a + 1 = 2 19
a 1 = 2 53
a = 107 , b = 125
b a + 1 = 19

a 1 = 19 53
a = 1008 , b = 1009
b a + 1 = 2
a 1 = 2 19 53
a = 2015 , b = 2015
b a + 1 = 1
a = 2 , b = 2015 ,
a = 3 , b = 1009 , a = 20 , b = 125 , a = 39 , b = 91 , a = 54 , b = 91 ,
a = 107 , b = 125 , a = 1008 , b = 1009 a = 2015 , b = 2015

(x , y)
3xy 6x 4y + 5 = 0
(x , y)
3xy 6x 4y + 5 = 0
3x(y 2) 4(y 2) 3 = 0
(y 2)(3x 4) = 3
(x , y)
y 2 = 1 y 2 = 3
(1) (2)
3x 4 = 3 3x 4 = 1
(1) (2)
( x , y)
3xy 6x 4y + 5 = 0

(x , y)
x 2 2x y 2 4y 8 = 0 , x 0 , y 0
(x , y)
x 2 2x y 2 4y 8 = 0 , x 0 , y 0
(x 2 2x + 1) (y 2 + 4y + 4) 5 = 0
(x 1) 2 (y + 2) 2 = 5
(x + y + 1)(x y 3) = 5
x + y + 1 = 5
( x + y + 1 > x y 3 x 0 , y 0 )
x y 3 = 1
x + y = 4
x = 4 , y = 0
x y = 4
x = 4 , y = 0

x + 3xy = 66500
3 2
2
3x y + y = 58500
3

x + 3xy = 66500 (1)
3 2
2
3x y + y = 58500 (2)
3
(1)(2) x 3 + 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 + y3 = 125000

(x + y)3 = (50)3 x + y = 50 (3)
(1)(2) x 3 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 y3 = 8000
(x y)3 = (20)3 x y = 20 (4)
(3)(4) 2x = 70 x = 35
(3)(4) 2y = 30 y = 15
x = 35 , y = 15

7x 6x y + 3xy = 38
3 2 2

13x 15x y + 3xy y = 49
2 2 2 3

7x 6x y + 3xy = 38
3 2 2

13x 15x y + 3xy y = 49
2 2 2 3
14x 3 12x 2 y + 6xy 2 = 76 (1)

13x 15x y + 3xy y = 49 (2)
3 2 2 3
(1)(2) 27x 3 27x 2 y + 9xy 2 y3 = 125

(3x y)3 = (5)3 3x y = 5 (3)
(1)(2) x 3 + 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 + y3 = 27
(x + y)3 = 33 x + y = 3 (4)
(3)(4) 4x = 8 x = 2
(3)(4) 2y = 2 y = 1
x = 2 , y = 1

a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
a, b,c 5
a + b + c = 9375
5 5
a, b,c
a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc (1)
5
a + b + c = 9375 (2)
5 5
(1) a 3 + b3 + c3 3abc = 0
(a + b + c)(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ab bc ca) = 0
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ab bc ca = 0 a + b + c > 0 ,a,b,c > 0
1
[(a b) 2 + (b c) 2 + (c a) 2 ] = 0
2
a b = 0

b c = 0 a = b = c (3)
c a = 0

(3) (2) c5 + c5 + c5 = 9375
9375
c5 = = 3125 = 55 c = 5
3
a = b = c = 5

)
(a + b + c) 2 (a + b c) 2 + 4c 2 (a + b) 2 = (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab) 2
)
c 2 x 2 (a + b + c)(a + b c)x (a + b) 2 = 0 c 0
)
(a + b + c) 2 (a + b c) 2 + 4c2 (a + b) 2 = (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab) 2
y = (a + b + c) 2 (a + b c) 2 + 4c2 (a + b) 2 z = a + b
y = (z + c) 2 (z c) 2 + 4c2 z 2
= (z 2 c2 ) 2 + 4c 2 z 2
= z 4 2z 2c 2 + c 4 64c 2 z 2
= z 4 + 2z 2c 2 + c4
= (z 2 + c 2 ) 2 = (a 2 + b 2 + c2 + 2ab) 2
z 2 = (a + b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2
(a + b + c) 2 (a + b c) 2 + 4c2 (a + b) 2 = (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab) 2
)
c 2 x 2 (a + b + c)(a + b c)x (a + b) 2 = 0 c 0
= (a + b + c)2 (a + b c)2 + 4c2 (a + b)2 = (a 2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab)2
(a + b) 2
x1 = 1 , x 2 =
c2

(a + b)7 a 7 b7
M = (a b)
3
7ab(a + b)
a = 3 15 + 4 3 ; b = 3 5 2 3
(a + b)7 a 7 b7
M = (a b)
3
7ab(a + b)
(a + b)7 a 7 b 7 = 7ab(a + b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 ) 2
()
7ab(a + b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 ) 2
M = 3 (a b)
7ab(a + b)
= 3 (a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 )
= 3 a 3 b3 a 2 + ab + b 2 > 0
a = 3 15 + 4 3 ; b = 3 5 2 3
a 3 b3 = 15 + 4 3 5 + 2 3 = 10 + 6 3 = ( 3 + 1)3
M = 3 a 3 b3 = 1 + 3

a , b,c t ab + bc + ca = t 2
M = 2t 2
(t 2 + b2 )(t 2 + c2 ) (t 2 + c2 )(t 2 + a 2 ) (t 2 + a 2 )(t 2 + b2 )
M=a +b +c
t2 + a2 t 2 + b2 t 2 + c2
M = 2t 2
ab + bc + ca = t 2 b(a + b) + c(a + b) = t 2 + b 2
t 2 + b 2 = (a + b)(b + c)
t 2 + c 2 = (c + a)(c + b) , t 2 + a 2 = (a + b)(a + c)
(t 2 + b 2 )(t 2 + c 2 ) (a + b)(a + c)(b + c) 2
= = (b + c) 2
t2 + a2 (a + b)(a + c)
(t 2 + c 2 )(t 2 + a 2 ) (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) 2
= = (c + a) 2
t +b
2 2
(a + b)(b + c)
(t 2 + a 2 )(t 2 + b 2 ) (a + b) 2 (a + c)(b + c)
= = (a + b) 2
t 2 + c2 (a + c)(b + c)
M = a (b + c) 2 + b (c + a) 2 + c (a + b) 2
= ab + ac + bc + ab + ac + bc
= 2(ab + bc + ca) = 2t 2
M = 2t 2

x = ab + (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 ) y = a 1 + b 2 + b 1 + a 2
x 2 y 2 = 1
x 2 y 2 = 1
2
x = ab + (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 )
2

= a 2 b 2 + 2ab (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 ) + (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 )
2
y = a 1 + b 2 + b 1 + a 2
2

= a 2 (1 + b 2 ) + 2ab (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 ) + b 2 (1 + a 2 )
x 2 y 2 = a 2 b 2 + (1 + a 2 )(1 + b 2 ) a 2 (1 + b 2 ) b 2 (1 + a 2 )
= a 2b2 + 1 + a 2 + b2 + a 2b2 a 2 a 2b2 b2 a 2b2
=1
x 2 y 2 = 1

1 1 1
x , y, z + + =0
x y z
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = (x + y + z) 2
a , b,c a b c
1 1 1
+ +
(a b) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = (x + y + z) 2
(x + y + z) 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
1 1 1
= x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2xyz( + + )
x y z
1 1 1
+ + = 0 ( )
x y z
(x + y + z) 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2
1 1 1
+ +
(a b) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2
1 1 1
x = , y= ,z= a b c
ab bc ca
1 1 1
+ + = a b + b c + c a = 0
x y z
(x + y + z) 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2

2
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = + +
ab bc ca
(a b) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2
1 1 1
= + +
ab bc ca
1 1 1
a, b,c + +
ab bc ca

a , b,c a b c
1 1 1
+ +
(a b) 2 (b c) 2 (c a) 2

1 1 1 1 1 1
S = 1+ + + 1 + + + ... + 1 + +
12 22 22 32 20132 20142
x, y, z
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
x + y + z = 0 2 + 2 + 2 = + +
x y z x y z
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
+ + = 2 + 2 + 2 + + +
x y z x y z xy yz xz
2 2 2 2
+ + = (x + y + z) = 0 x + y + z = 0
xy yz zx xyz
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ + = 2 + 2 + 2
x y z x y z
x = 1 , y = k , z = (k + 1) ; k = 1, 2,3,...
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
1+ 2 + = 1 + 1 + >0
k (k + 1) 2 k k +1 k k +1
1 1 1 1
k 1 + 2 + = 1 +
k (k + 1) 2 k k +1
1 1 1 1 1 1
S = (1 + ) + (1 + ) + ... + (1 + )
1 2 2 3 2013 2014
1 2013 2015
S = 2014 =
2014 2014

a b a 2 + b 2 = 13
a 3 + b3 = 19 a + b ?
a + b
(a + b)(a 2 + b 2 ) = a 3 + ab 2 + a 2 b + b3 = (a 3 + b3 ) + ab(a + b)
a 2 + b 2 = 13 a 3 + b3 = 19 ()
13(a + b) = 19 + ab(a + b)
(a + b) 2 13
(a + b) = (a + b ) + 2ab = 13 + 2ab ab =
2 2 2
2
(a + b) 2 13
13(a + b) = 19 + (a + b)
2
26(a + b) = 38 + (a + b)3 13(a + b)
(a + b)3 39(a + b) + 38 = 0
s = a + b s s3 39s + 38 = 0
(s3 1) 39(s 1) = 0
(s 1)(s 2 + s + 1) 39(s 1) = 0
(s 1)(s 2 + s 38) = 0
s = 1 s 2 + s 38 = 0
1 153
s 2 + s 38 = (s + ) 2 = 0
2 4
s = a + b = 1

a , b,c
a + b + c = m + 1
m
ab + bc + ca = m 4m + 6
2
m a 2 + b 2 + c 2
(b,c) a = 1 m
m a 2 + b 2 + c2
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = (a + b + c) 2 2(ab + bc + ca)
a + b + c = m + 1 & ab + bc + ca = m 2 4m + 6
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = (m + 1) 2 2(m 2 4m + 6)
= m 2 + 2m + 1 2m 2 + 8m 12
= m 2 + 10m 11 = 14 (m 2 10m + 25)
= 14 (m 5) 2
(m 5) 2 0 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 14 (m 5) 2
(m 5) 2 = 0 m = 5
m m = 5
(b,c) a = 1 m
a = 1 m = 5 b + c = 5 bc = 6
b = 2 , c = 3 b = 3 , c = 2

a b
a + b = 2m + 2 ab = 5m 1 m
) M = (a b) 2 m
| 2m 3 | m
) c d (a + b)(c + d) = 2(ab + cd)
m )
) M = (a b) 2 m
M = (a b) 2 = a 2 2ab + b 2 = (a 2 + 2ab + b 2 ) 4ab
= (a + b) 2 4ab = 4(m + 1) 2 4(5m 1)
= 4m 2 + 8m + 4 20m + 4
= 4m 2 12m + 8
M = (a b) 2 = 4m 2 12m + 8
| 2m 3 | m
M 0 M = (a b) 2 0
4m 2 12m + 8 0
(2m 3) 2 1 0
(2m 3) 2 1
| 2m 3 | 1
| 2m 3 | | 2m 3 | 1

| 2m 3 | 1 2m 3 1 2m 3 1
m 2 m 1
m m 2 m 1
) c d
(a + b)(c + d) = 2(ab + cd)
a + b = 2m + 2 ab = 5m 1
(2m + 2)(c + d) = 2(5m 1 + cd)
m(c + d) + c + d = 5m 1 + cd
(c + d cd + 1) = m [5 (c + d)]
m
c + d cd + 1 = 0 cd = 6 = 2 3

5 (c + d) = 0 c + d = 5 = 2 + 3
c = 2 , d = 3 c = 3, d = 2
c d c = 2 , d = 3 c = 3, d = 2

a , b,c
a + b + c = m 1
3 m
a + b + c = m 57m 331
3 3 3
) P = (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) m
m P
) a + c = 2b (a, b,c) m
) P = (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) m
(a + b + c)3 = a 3 + b3 + c3 + 3(a + b)(b + c)(c + a)
1
(a + b)(b + c)(c + a) = (a + b + c)3 (a 3 + b3 + c3 )
3
a + b + c = m 1 ; a 3 + b3 + c3 = m3 57m 331
1
P = (m 1)3 (m3 57m 331)
3
= ( m3 3m 2 + 3m 1 m3 + 57m + 331)
1
3
= m 2 + 20m + 110
P = m 2 + 20m + 110
m P
P = m 2 + 20m + 110 = 210 (m 10) 2
P m = 10

) (a, b,c)
m = 10 a + b + c = 10 1 = 9
P = (a + b)(b + c)(c + a) = 210 a + c = 2b ()
a + b + c = 9 (1)

(a + b)(b + c)(c + a) = 210 (2)
a + c = 2b
(3)
(3) (1) 3b = 9 b = 3
(3) a + c = 2 3 = 6
(2) (a + 3)(3 + c)(6) = 210
ac + 3(a + c) + 9 = 35 a + c = 6
ac = 35 9 18 = 8
a + c = 6 = 2 + 4

ac = 8 = 2 4
a = 2,c = 4 a = 4 , c = 2
a = 2, b = 3,c = 4 a = 4 , b = 3 ,c = 2

a , b,c
a + b + c = 3(m 2 + 1)
3
a + b + c 3abc = m 2m + 11m 2m + 10
3 3 4 3 2
m
) S = (a b) 2 + (b c) 2 + (c a) 2 m
m S
) a + c = 2b (a, b,c) m
) S m
S = (a b) 2 + (b c) 2 + (c a) 2
= a 2 2ab + b 2 + b 2 2bc + c 2 + c 2 2ca + a 2
= 2(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ab bc ca)
a + b + c
(a + b + c)S = 2(a + b + c)(a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ab bc ca)
(a + b + c)S = 2(a 3 + b3 + c3 3abc)
2(a 3 + b3 + c3 3abc)
S =
(a + b + c)
a + b + c = 3(m 2 + 1)
3
a + b + c 3abc = m 2m + 11m 2m + 10
3 3 4 3 2

2 m 4 2m3 + 11m 2 2m + 10
S =
3 m2 + 1
2 m 2 (m 2 2m + 10) + (m 2 2m + 10)
=
3 m2 + 1
2 (m 2 2m + 10)(m 2 + 1) 2 2
= = (m 2m + 10)
3 m2 + 1 3
2
S = (m 2 2m + 10)
3
m S
2 2
S = (m 2 2m + 10) = (m 1) 2 + 9
3 3
(m 1) 2 0 S
(m 1) 2 = 0 m = 1
m S m = 1
) (a, b,c) m
a + c = 2b (1)
a + b + c = 6 (2)
m = 1 3
a + b + c 3abc = 18 (3)
3 3
(1) (2) 3b = 6 b = 2
a + c = 4 (2)
b = 2 (2) (3) 3 3
a + c 6ac = 10 (3)
(3) (a + c)(a 2 ac + c 2 ) 6ac = 10
(a + c)[(a + c) 2 3ac] 6ac = 10 a + c = 4
4(16 3ac) 6ac = 10 ac = 3 (4)

a + c = 4
(2) (4)
a.c = 3
a c X 2 4X + 3 = 0
(X 1)(X 3) = 0 X = 1 , X = 3
a = 1 , c = 3 a = 3 , c = 1
(a = 1, b = 2 ,c = 3 ) (a = 3 , b = 2 ,c = 1 )

P(x) = x 4 x 3 + 1 Q(x) = x 2 2
a , b,c,d
P(x) = (x a)(x b)(x c)(x d)
N = Q(a).Q(b).Q(c).Q(d)
N = Q(a).Q(b).Q(c).Q(d)
Q(x) = x 2 2 = (x 2)(x + 2) = ( 2 x)( 2 x)
Q(a) = ( 2 a)( 2 a)
Q(b) = ( 2 b)( 2 b)
Q(c) = ( 2 c)( 2 c)
Q(d) = ( 2 d)( 2 d)
P(x) = (x a)(x b)(x c)(x d)
P( 2) = ( 2 a)( 2 b)( 2 c)( 2 d)
P( 2) = ( 2 a)( 2 b)( 2 c)( 2 d)
P( 2)P( 2) = Q(a)Q(b)Q(c)Q(d) = N
P( 2) = ( 2) 4 ( 2)3 + 1 = 5 + 2 2
P( 2) = ( 2) 4 ( 2)3 + 1 = 5 2 2
P( 2)P( 2) = (5 + 2 2)(5 2 2) = 25 8 = 17
N = Q(a).Q(b).Q(c).Q(d) = 17

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1-

) (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3

x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

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42- x y x 2 + 8xy + y 2 = 1000

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60- P(x) = x 4 x 3 + 1 Q(x) = x 2 2

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) (a 3 + 3ab 2 ) 2 (3a 2 b + b3 ) 2 = (a b)3 (a + b)3

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(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2

(a 2 + b 2 )(x 2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by) 2 + (bx ay) 2

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a(p a) 2 + b(p b) 2 + c(p c) 2 + 2(p a)(p b)(p c) = abc

a(p a) 2 + b(p b) 2 + c(p c) 2 + 2(p a)(p b)(p c) = abc

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x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

x + y + z = 4p(p a)(p b)(p c)

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(1 + x)(1 + y)(1 + z) = (1 x)(1 y)(1 z)

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N = ax 2 + by 2 + cz 2 D = ab(x y)2 + bc(y z)2 + ca(z x) 2

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(1 t + t 2 )3 = 3(1 + t)(1 t + t 2 )(1 t)

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a+bx a+cx b+cx x

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