Professional Documents
Culture Documents
dasar-dasar pelumasan
mohammad rachman hidayat
Lube Technical Advisor
mohammad.hidayat@shell.com
Gesekan Keausan
TRIBOLOGY
Pelumasan
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
1
Fungsi utama pelumas
melumasi Force
Surfaces
Yang berarti mengurangi gesekan dan in contact
keausan Force
Mendinginkan
Pleumas juga berfungsi mentransfer panas
dari suatu bagian ke bagian lain (cooler)
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Fungsi pelumas
Mencegah Korosi
Pelumas melindungi permukaan metal agar tidak terkorosi
Pelumas dapat mengandung Basa yang dapat menetralisir
asam
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
2
Gesekan
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Fluid
Molecules
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
3
Rezim Pelumasan
Lapisan film tipis lapisan batas
Metal to metal contact membutuhkan aditif
(AW/EP) untuk melindungi permukaan
Biasa terjadi saat starts, stops, beban kejut, putaran
rendah, contoh Camshaft Lobe, Hypoid Gear Sets,
Hydraulic Vane Pumps
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Pelumasan Elasto-hydrodynamic
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
4
Koeffisien Gesek Kurva Stribeck
putaran rendah
Z = VISCOSITY
N = SLIDING VELOCITY
P = PRESSURE (LOAD)
ZN (viscosity X speed)
Film Parameter
P (bearing pressure)
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
460
Heavy Load/Low Speed
320
220
ISO VG
150
(cSt) Medium Load/Speed
100
68
46
Light Load
22
High Speed
10
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
5
Contoh pengaruh temperatur dan putaran
terhadap kekentalan yang dibutuhkan
SKF Spherical Roller Bearing 22208 (Bore = 1.6)
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
6
Bagaimana pelumas dibuat
7
Lubricant Composition
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
2 tipe Pelumas
Oli Gemuk
(grease)
Oil
Additives Additives
Thickener
Blending Blending/Heating/Finishing
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
8
Compatibility of Different Thickeners
Aluminum Complex
Calcium Complex
Lithium Complex
Barium Complex
Polyurea
Calcium
Sodium
Lithium
Clay
Mixtures of Aluminum Complex
in consistency. Clay
(Hardening or Lithium
Polyurea
Sodium
Yellow Borderline
Sample should be checked
Green Compatible
Red Incompatible
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
9
Base Oil dan Additif
+
Bagian terbesar dari pelumas Meningkatkan kemampuan pelumas
Menentukan sifat dasar dari pelumas Melindungi base oil
Menjaga mesin
Formulated lubricant
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
10
Apa pengertian base oil Group I, II, III, IV & V?
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
11
Mengapa menggunakan oli sintetik?
Keuntungan pelumas sintetik dibandingkan dengan mineral
Stabilitas oksidasi dan thermal yang baik umur pelumas lebih panjang
Tidak mudah encer pada temperatur tinggi
Reduced vibration
Meningkatkan efisiensi
Menurunkan temperatur
Menurunkan konsumsi energi
Ongkos maintenance yang lebih rendah
Potential Disadvantages:
Compatibility dengan seal dan cat (terutama jenis PAG dan ester)
Mahal
Ketahanan terhadap air (jenis PAG)
Limbah sintetik lebih rumit di handling
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Additif
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
12
Additives Protect the Base Oil
Antioxidants
Memperlambat kerusakan base oil akibat
oksidasi
Oksidasi adalah penyebab utama degradasi
dari pelumas
Oksidasi pada base oil menyebabkan :
Keasaman pelumas naik (korosi)
sludges, varnishes (filter blok) Oxidation
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
13
Sifat penting pelumas
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
14
Viscosity (kekentalan)
Viscoity adalah sifat pelumas paling
penting
Viscosity adalah tingkat ketahan pelumas
untuk mengalir
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Jenis kekentalan
Units = cSt
Units = cP (mPa.S)
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
15
Bagaimana viscosity kinematic diukur?
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Shell Tellus 46
Shell Corena AS 68
Shell Omala HD 320
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
16
SAE Viscosity Grades for Engine Oils - SAE J300
Low Temperature Viscosities
High Temperature Viscosities
cP Max
Kinematic High Temp High
SAE Viscosity
Cold Cranking Cold Pumping Viscosity Shear Viscosity
Grade
cSt @ 100C cP @ 150C Min.
0W 6,200 @ -35C 60,000 cP @ -40C 3.8 Min
5W 6,600 @ -30C 60,000 cP @ -35C 3.8 Min
10W 7,000 @ -25C 60,000 cP @ -30C 4.1 Min
15W 7,000 @ -20C 60,000 cP @ -25C 5.6 Min
20W 9,500 @ -15C 60,000 cP @ -20C 5.6 Min
25W 13,000 @ -10C 60,000 cP @ -15C 9.3 Min
20 5.6 to < 9.3 2.6
30 9.3 to < 12.5 2.9
40 12.5 to < 16.3 2.9 (0W, 5W & 10W)
40 12.5 to < 16.3 3.7(15W, 20W & 25W)
50 16.3 to < 21.9 3.7
60 21.9 to < 26.1 3.7
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
17
AGMA Viscosity Grades for Enclosed Gear Oils
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
18
Comparison of Viscosity Grade Systems
ISO VG 220
AGMA 5
1200 SUS
SAE 50 Crankcase
SAE 90 Gear Oil
ISO VG 100
30W Non-Detergent
85W SAE Gear Oil
Industry Lubrication
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
THICK
OIL 3189.24
Kinematic Viscosity, cSt
1000.00
326.09
149.42
ISO 32
VISCOSITY 100.00
ISO 150
56.15
31.87
26.36
15.17 14.48
10.00
8.56
5.44 5.97
2.79
THIN 2.48
OIL 1.00
1.44
19
Viscosity Index
Viscosity index (VI) mengukur perubahan kekentalan pelumas terhadap perubahan temperatur.
Pelumas yang mempunyai VI tinggi mempunyai perubahan viscosity yang rendah
terhadap perubahan temperatur
Pelumas yang mempunyai VI rendah mempunyai perubahan viscosity yang tinggi
terhadap perubahan temperatur
100 75
Viscosity, cSt
150
40C 100C
Industry Lubrication Temperature, C
Training Module
2008 Shell Oil Products US
20