ASSIGNMENT

NICMAR / SODE OFFICE

1. Course - PGPCM 12

2. Course Title -

Human Resource

Management

3. Assignment No.

- One

4. Date of Dispatch

Submitted by-
 Name : Padmanabh Dixit

Reg no: 214-07-11-12268-2161

ASSIGNMENT

You are a Project Manager on site where work for 3K.m. long

Tunnel has been undertaken. The site is remote and takes about 2

days travel to nearest town. Supervisors, Technicians & Skilled

Workers are engaged in dangerous / hazardous work. Absenteeism

due to sickness, quarrels, drinking are adding to less output of

work and chances of accidents on site are increasing. Management

has urged to do something so that time targets can be achieved.

Discuss how will you tackle the problem and increase the output of

the work.

SOLUTION

Introduction of Main Problem: -

 1. Absenteeism Due To Sickness

2. Absenteeism Due To Quarrels & Drinking

3. Accidents at site

4. Technical problems

Reasons of Various Problems: -

Lack of Manpower Management (or) Planning

Un-Hygienic surroundings & Temporary Accommodation

Lack of Medication

Consumption of Alcohol

Availability of Alcohol

Storage of materials

Roof Spalling

Water seepage

Needs and Their Fulfillment on Site: -

 Lack of Manpower Management (or) Planning: -

Prepar

e a proper schedule of the Project and Assign Resources to

each Task i.e. each Activity, Assigning Resources means

Identify manpower required for each Task and what is the

availability of manpower and how much work has been done till

date and how much work is to be done. Identify Type of

manpower required i.e. Skilled (or) unskilled .If manpower is in

adequate try to get more manpower or Try to use the available

manpower Fully so that maximum amount of work to complete

and try to complete the Urgent woks such that it dose not effect

our project duration, reschedule the project and updated

schedule to head office and inform them weekly work progress

so that they can help you to overcome the manpower problem

(or) try to motivate the available manpower by giving extra

benefits if they complete the project in time. (or) if manpower is

very less than required then immediately inform head office so

that they can send some more manpower so that the project can

run smoothly

Suggestion & Recommendation to Management on

Manpower Management (or) Planning: -

Manpower planning involved some of steps if

the management and project manager follow these steps there

will be no problem due to the manpower in the project, because

the Tunnel project is a large project more number of manpower

is involved in the project and they are at different levels and

management has monitor all are working properly are not, if not

they have to have do some other arrangement are try to motivate

the manpower so that the project progress smoothly.

Understand the project in all respects and get all details of the

projects i.e.
 Site condition, contract conditions, technical specifications,

construction techniques, and time frame.

Working out the labour component in various parameters of

the project .by using constants to workout labour requirement

Classifying and categorising labour requirement and various

jobs by level of skill, responsibility, nature of work etc.

Determine the duration of each job or task at every stage of

project.

Estimate the number of manpower required in view of the

anticipated of absenteeism and labour turnover and the

stability factor.

Manpower management has

some principles to follow that should be known by the project

manager and also the management of the company.

The principles are as follows:

Care and skill should be exercised in the selection of employees.

Introduction to the job should be friendly skillful and adequate.

Each employee should be made to feel that his efforts are really

appreciated.

Consideration should be given to the effect that each rule and

instruction may have on the feelings of employees.

Employees should have apart in planning those things that

affect their working conditions.

Management should be absolutely fair in every policy and every

practice.

Each employee should have a feeling of pride in the

worthwhileness of his work and his company.

Based on the construction programme and various

other norms, the administrative set up is worked out for

completion of project. It is proposed to have two Chief

Engineers (Level-1), one for head works and other for canal &

canal structures headed by the Project Manager. Under the Chief

Engineer (Head work) four circle offices will be proposed and

under the Chief Engineer (Canal & Canal Structures) three

Circle offices will be proposed. There will also be one Director

(Administration), one Director (Finance), one Director (Quality

Control) and one

Director (Technical) under the Project Manager. There will also

be attached

Superintending Engineer (Mechanical) under the each Chief

Engineer. All these offices will be suitably located for effective

monitoring and control over the execution of project. A chart

showing the administrative set up is shown below

Un-Hygienic surroundings & Temporary

Accommodation: -

Before Starting of the project Management has to well plan

because this project is long duration so manpower involved

will be more it is the one of the preliminary need for the

employees & workers.

 Suggestion Methods for Hygiene Factors: - Management

has to well plan for the temporary shelters in such a way that

number of workers will be involved in the project and how

many shelters are required and for different category of

employees will be working at site and different types of

shelters should be constructed with different facility what all

materials required for construction any how much time

required to construct it so that all those thing should be

completed before starting of project, Management should

built temporary shelters for the workers who will be working

at site because the site is at remote area workers cannot be

able to say at there home and come for work it is the

preliminary requirement for the workers so management has

to take extra precautions, A site office also be built with all

necessary requirements, dinking water should be good

because most of diseases are spread by water so it is

important step to taken care by management.

 Lack of Medication: -

Management should send a medical

team to site and they should stay there till completion of

project. They should be supplied necessary equipments and

medical kits so that they can manage any hazardous

situation i.e. any sudden accidents they can handle the

situation, any epidemic occurred they can over come that

situation. By this work will be smoothly progressed and

number of workers absenteeism will be reduced. Worker

who is sick will be taken care by medical team he will be

recovered quickly and he can start doing the work so that

manpower problem is solved.

Consumption and Availability of Alcohol: -

This is the major

problem with labour because they drink daily after work so

that they get some relief from whole day work and body
 pains, but management should try to avoid drinking alcohol

or try to get them in limited dose so that they have it n just

go for sleep if they get it in excess quantities they will be

drinking whole night and next day they will be absenteeism

and also after excess drinking they start quarreling between

themselves its a big problem for the project manager while

quarreling they may be any accidents that leads to more

absenteeism that will also indirectly effects the progress of

project. If this quarreling happens regularly then

management has to take some precaution steps to handle

that problem. Such as try to avoid the availability of alcohol

near the site so that the labour cannot consume much

alcohol and this problem is solved and the project may

continue smoothly

Storage of Materials: -

This is also a major problem for such

a big project and at remote place materials will be at site well

 before start of project so store rooms should be properly built

well in advance so that it will not create a problem while

execution of work for that what all employees required and

how many number required should be planned before so that

materials are properly handled by this only the cost of project

depends.

Roof Spalling: -

The management should have complete

knowledge of what all technical problem may occurs while

execution of project and it has to take proper precautions and

it should be well planned before so that it would not effect

the project duration, what are causes of the problems and

how to over come the problems.

The cause of roof spalling is type of formation of

rock, rock with excess of foliations, joint & poor rock mass

leads to the rock spalling.

 Suggestion & Methods to over come Roof Spalling

Problem: -

Tunnel should be properly scaling to remove loose rock mass

& cement grouting should be done so that the rock will get

some extra strength so that it can hold properly it cannot be

fallen down easily

Tunnel should be properly provision of

steel ribs immediately so that it will be support on the steel

rids and work can be progress smoothly and project manager

should have all this materials well in advance because these

materials are required suddenly.

Water Seepage: -

The management should have complete

knowledge of what all technical problem may occurs while

execution of project and it has to take proper precautions and

 it should be well planned before so that it would not effect

the project duration, what are causes of the problems and

how to over come the problems.

The cause of water seepage is manly due

to the discontinuous rock formation, Ground water table

height etc.

Suggestion & Methods to over come Water Seepage

Problem: -

While designing the tunnel they should provide proper

drainage system so that if the water is accumulating in the

tunnel it will affect the progress of work, so drainage system

should be such that water accumulated should be quickly

drained any from working space so that it dose not affect the

work progress. Or proper grouting should be done so that the

rock will get more strength so that it can stop the water

seepage into the tunnel. This is the easy method to over come
 the seepage problem, the other method to overcome the

seepage problem covering the tunnel section with water

proofing membranes it will also not allow the water to

seepage into the tunnel so that work can be progress

smoothly.

Recommendation to Management: -

Top Management

should be more responsible and it should have to properly

monitor the progress of work and if any urgent needs at site

should be fulfilled as quickly as possible and it should see that

the lower and middle management is working properly are not.

If any accidents are hazardous situation then top management

has to urge to do some help to lower and middle management

so that they can over come the situation they must send some

team so that will help them and work will be progress

smoothly.
 Tunnel project is a very large project it will take lot of time to

complete the whole project so management has to be well

prepared of all the fore coming situations i.e. labors problems,

absenteeism etc.

Management has to determine the

functions of each level of management it should be clear for all

the employees and management has to monitor such that each

employee is doing his duty properly are not.

FUNCTIONS OF TOP MANAGEMENT:

1. Determining the objectives

2. Framing policies & making plans to carryout the

objectives & policies.

3. Setting up the organizational framework to conduct the

operation as per plans.

4. Gathering the resources needed to put the plans into effect.

5. Controlling the operations through the organization.

Middle management is concerned with the task of implementing

the policies & plans chalked out by the top management. Middle

management consists of departmental heads exercise the usual

functions of management in respect of their own departments.

They have top plan the operations, issue instructions to their

assistants; collect the resources required & control the work of the

men under them.

FUNCTIONS OF MIDDLE MANAGEMENT:

1. Understanding the policies framed by top management.

2. Preparing the organizational set-up in their department.

3. Finding out the suitable operative & supervisory personnel

& fixing duties & responsibilities to them.

4. Arranging & issuing instructions to the assistants &

operatives.

5. Motivating the personnel for higher productivity.

 6. Co-operating with other departments for smooth

functioning of organizations.

7. Collecting reports, statistical information & other records

about the work turned out in the respective departments &

forwarding the same to the top management.

8. Recommending to the top management new or revised

policies for their departments to obtain better performance.

LOWER LEVEL MANAGEMENT: -

It is the lowest level in the

administrative framework & actual operations are performed here.

Foremen supervisors assisted by a no of workers & clerks carryout

the actual operations as per schedule. Their authority &

responsibility is limited & they have to follow the lines drawn by

the higher levels of management. The foremen or supervisors are

responsible for carrying out work orders allotted to their respective

departments. They pass on the instructions of middle management

to the workers. The quality of the workmanship & quality of output

will depend upon the hard labor, discipline & loyalty of the

operating personnel.

Motivation of Employees in Construction Project: -

Motivation

is the driving force within individuals that drive them

physiologically and psychologically to pursue one or more goals to

fulfill their needs or expectations. Motivators may be intrinsic or

extrinsic. An example of an intrinsic motivator is the self-

fulfillment of a worker as a result of performing a task well.

Motivation of labor in Construction Project: -

Construction labor

can be motivated. This is important because dwindling productivity

is a major problem confronting construction today. Productivity

has decreased every year for the past decade, in part because of

increasing design complexity, more rigorous federal and state

regulations and socio-economic changes affecting the work force.

Our findings indicate that a highly motivated workforce enhances

productivity and project effectiveness.

In construction, the work itself

that is, the building of a structure for all to behold is a key

motivator for all levels of management and the work force.

Therefore, a well-planned project seems to be the first and most

important step to achieve good productivity. Unfortunately, on

large industrial projects, craftsmen often receive only minimal

amounts of information about their work. Duplication of effort,

numerous modifications to plans, and schedules that consistently

slip makes it difficult to maintain a motivated workforce. On large

power plant projects, changes in design and problems with material

availability are considered the major demotivating factors. With

effective pre-planning, the availability of materials will be checked

before workers are assigned to an area so workers do not start in

one location only to have to be shifted to another location. Care in

this respect should improve worker motivation and productivity

and help promote a high level of accomplishment. Most foremen

and craftsmen take considerable pride in the work they do. Having

to rip out their work and redo it can be extremely discomforting. In

fact, if it is extensive, redoing parts of a project may be the worst

demotivator of all. Craftsmen view overcrowded conditions and

crew interference due to extensive rework as demotivating. Worse,

such problems can create hostile feelings as a result of the

frustration. Design standardization can help to minimize rework

and improve morale.

Motivational programs: -

Although some unique motivational

programs were found, the vast majority can be grouped into five

primary categories: goal setting, incentives, positive reinforcement

(i.e., recognition for a job well done), worker participation, and

work facilitation. The following presents a dissertation on each of

the five categories discussing first their use in other industries and

then their application to construction.

Absenteeism and Turnover: -

The Department of Energy study

indicated that the absenteeism and turnover are a relatively minor

concern to workmen. Still, they can have a major impact on total

project productivity. High rates of absenteeism are a concern,

however, to individuals who had to carry extra workloads to

compensate for missing crewmembers.

The low job satisfaction resulted in high absence

from work and high turnover. Thus absenteeism and turnover can

be viewed as effects of motivational Activities or demotivational

concerns. The cost of motivational programs is often justified by

the reduced absenteeism and turnover.

For example, the cost of M2 group

Engineering Pvt Ltd. Big Designing & Construction Company On

eight projects has been more than paid for by the reduction in

absenteeism and the reduced costs associated with hiring fewer

workmen. Director indicated that it required some amount per

employee to process paper work plus two to three weeks of each

new employee's time to learn the job. Again, the figures on

attendance and turnover measure the motivational effort that is

financially justified. Moreover, awards for good records are

perhaps the most effective method to decrease absenteeism.

Bibliography: -

Management in organization by Koontz and Odoneal, MacGraw

Hill Publicatio
 Managing Director

C h i e f AcM
c oaur nk teaC
t ni ont -gOM
r dainnaagt ieor n Purchase Manager Project Manager Tec h n i c a l M a n a g e r

Personal Officer Site Engineer

Wel f a r e S u p e r v i s o r Welfare Personal Supervisor Time Office Supervisor

Labours