APA References Last Updated March 2010

_________________________________________
Author/Editor. (Year). Title: Subtitle [English translation of title]. (Edition). Place of
Publication: Publisher.
Note: Omit all titles (e.g. Dr, Professor, Sir) in the authors name.
BOOKS
One author Gardner, J. (2006). Assessment and learning. London: Sage Publications.

Two authors and Burns, T. & Sinfield, S. (2003). Essential study skills: The complete guide to success at
other than first
university. (5th ed.). London: Sage Publications.
edition
Three or more Soderman, A. K., Gregory, K. M., & ONeill, L. T. (Eds.). (1999). Scaffolding emergent literacy:
authors/editors
A child-centred approach for preschool through grade 5. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn &
Bacon.
No author Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.).(1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.

Chapter from a book James, M. (2006). Assessment, teaching and theories of learning. In J. Gardner (Ed.),
Assessment and learning (pp. 4760). London: Sage Publications.

E-book Breakey, C. (2006). The autism spectrum and further education: a guide to good practice
[Electronic version]. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Arabic Language Ghalib, H. (2003). Kanz al-lughah al-Arabiyah: mawsuah [English translation of the title].
book
Bayrut, Lubnan: Maktabat Lubnan Nashirun.
English translation of Laplace, P.S. (1951). A Philosophical essay on probabilities (F.W. Truscott & F.L. Emory,
a book
Trans.). New York: Dover (Original work published 1814).
JOURNALS & Author. (Date of Publication). Title of article. Name of Journal or Magazine, Volume
MAGAZINES
Number (Issue Number), (if available) Page numbers.
Gill, S. R. (2007). The forgotten genre of childrens poetry. The Reading Teacher, 60 (7), 622-
625.
E- Journal Author. (Date of Publication), Title of article. Name of Journal or Magazine, Volume
Number (Issue Number). Retrieved Date, from URL
Nora, J. (1999, Fall). Dissecting my classroom. Voices from the Field. Retrieved August 27,
2007, from http://www.alliance.brown.edu/pubs/voices/3qrt1999/
actref.shtml
Article from a Author. (Date of Publication). Title of article. Name of Journal or Magazine, Volume
database
Number (Issue Number), Page numbers. Retrieved Date from Name of database.

Schoen, S., & Schoen, A. (2003, January). Action research in the classroom. Teaching
Exceptional Children, 35 (3), 16-21. Retrieved August 27, 2007, from Academic
Research Premier database.
WEB Author. (Date of Publication). Title of webpage. Retrieved Month date, year, from web
SITES
page address
Improving ESL reading skills. (2007, February 9). Retrieved September 27, 2007, from
Basic web site
http://esl-programs-lessons.suite101.com/article.cfm/
no author
improving_esl_reading_skills
Page from a large or Chou. L. (1993). Technology and education. Retrieved August 2000, from Columbia University,
complex web site
Institute for Learning Technologies Web site:
http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/publications/papers/newwine1.html
Blog Author. (Date of publication). Title of the message (NOT Italicized). Message posted to the
name of the blog or discussion group, URL.
 Dean, J. (2008, May 7). When the self emerges: Is that me in the mirror? Message posted to
University Blogger, http:www.spring.org.uk.
ENCYCLOPEDIAS Author of article (if given). Date. Title of article. In Title. (Vol. page numbers). Place of
Publication: Publisher.
Weyant, R. G. (2003). Jean Piaget. In World book encyclopedia. (Vol. 15, p. 445). Chicago, IL:
With author
World Book.
Without author Literacy. (2003). In The Penguin concise encyclopedia (p. 540). London: Penguin.

Online Encyclopedia Allington, R. (2005). Dyslexia. Retrieved September 3, 2007, from Microsoft Encarta
Reference Library.
Wikipedia Literacy. (2007, September 26). Wikipedia. Retrieved September 27, 2007, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy
NEWSPAPERS Author (if given). (Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title, page numbers.

Kannan, P. & Sengupta, J. (2007, September 3). School buses caught in diversion logjams.
Khaleej Times, p.2.
Online Author if given. (Date of Publication). Title of article. Newspaper Title, Retrieved date,
newspapers
from URL

Al Lawati, A. (2007, September 2). Education holds key to positive ideals. Gulf News.
Retrieved September 4, 2007, from http://www.gulfnews.com
MOVIES Creator. (Date). Title [Format]. Place: Production Company.
Tass, N. (2000). Miracle Worker [DVD]. United States: Disney.
TV SHOWS Producer, P. P (Producer). (Date of broadcast or copyright). Title of broadcast [
Television broadcast or Television series ]. City of origin: Studio or distributor.
Johns, P. (Producer). (1988, March 10). Happy Days [Television series]. Hollywood: Fox.
CLASS NOTES Author. (Date handed out). Title of Subject. Publication place: Publishers name.
Smith, L. (2007, September 28). Authentic materials in the classroom. EDUC300 class
handout. Abu Dhabi: HCT Abu Dhabi Womens College.
A MAP, GRAPH, Creator. (Date). Title [Format]. In Author/Editor, Title (page). Place: Publisher.
TABLE or CHART Kane, T. (1999). Descriptive literacy inventory [Chart]. In C. Kamli (Ed.) Achievement testing in
the early grades (p. 128). Washington, DC: Eagleby Press.

CITING FROM A If you cite material that appears in a secondary source, the reference list entry must be from
SECONDARY the source you used, not the original.
SOURCE
Citation: Folse (1996) states that a trademark can be any name, design, picture or other
symbol (as cited in Black, 1997).
Reference list:
Black, L. (1997). Trademarks in business. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
PERSONAL Includes interviews, emails, telephone conversation etc.
COMMUNICATION Do not include personal communication in the reference list. Cite personal
communication in-text only, for example:
J. Jones (personal communication, July 28, 2006) stressed the importance of labelling things
in the classroom.