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The roots of Uzbek musical art reach back into deep antiquity. As
early as the sixth to fourth centuries B.C. Herodotus wrote about
the abundance of songs and dances among the tribes living on the
territory of present-day Uzbekistan and about the role of music in
the life of those ancient inhabitants of Central Asia. This is con-
firmed by archaeological finds in the territory of Uzbekistan, in-
cluding monuments of material culture and works of art.
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The local traits of folk music in the Ferghana Valley are especially
interesting. The instrumentarium is comparatively limited. Profes-
sional music does not occupy such a sweeping role. Here the
maqams were not as widespread in pre-Soviet times as in Bukhara,
Samarqand and Khwarizm. The exception to this pattern was the
cultural center of the Ferghana Valley, Kokand (capital of the
Kokand Khanate--M. S.), where the maqams and other varieties
of Uzbek professional music were introduced from Bukhara. The
Ferghana Valley is particularly marked by its songs. They are
narrow in range and simple in structure, but many-sided in content.
Ichkari or women's songs, occupy a large place. The panis-
ashula is also quite local in character, widespread only in the
Ferghana Valley, including the Tashkent region. The singing
style and varied manner of performance are also local traits.
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52
FOOTNOTES
53
Ex. 1
Ex. 2
Ex. 3
Ex. 4
54
sV L~It I
I
! ! !!
Oiab-ilbodaI
I I
I
"i-"' ,I, , l!
, . . . .I
TP Ff T T F
v 1 If t
T~~t fhrci Fff5f7
9
do- im chor- ra- ha sol- gan, So- ghat- gan- dan qu. va- lab,
ft f f
l V
r
LA
. I I IP fL
I
'
El
doff
uli• I_
Oir- dan bo- ni oL gan gs- yo
shi- Sha-mo- li-
..IV"nIIo
.. . . b. I 11% 1
,r
4
t 1rvg
2 112 !, 1L
(Chash.
ma- ga-lar
kut-la-
CG-ugh-li-khon-dan tai mi, khon
gan, ai-
6m J bm i i I
m-I l l i
-6- ::P -s
•It%$.
-p-, "-0- - , • t
i i tot I 15! t ,
.... . .66
55
-
-0-a va- mi,
a- A-tai- 4 bo- tie -! dan ai- ti- mi ? a
kho-dan
oeh chkA
. da
ghl. o
iure. l sdi
4a, qa rormb. i, etc.
So, en-di mua ni yor il- dir- a&- yo n-di ma- ni yor
1i-dir-sin•
drum r etc.
boiklaA
1h ua-di- ke. att ni yor sa- yo sin
ldl ildir. (Hol)
pit-h th rbk
diyI. fydryrm, -
d I- i, dil.b F
ty 4
Z
1 k. N.Ferghana
IDnc.Ton (Trans. F. aromatoy)
4. . 4-.
drum
Vaq-tin ni chogh re
khu-mo-
qi.-dan
dan kfip yo
chiq-dd B• lai d.. gan
oi
I'
bI_
a-kang khu. mor ho. ho la-la.
ya. ya- la- la, ho- ho
58