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Master of Business Administration - MBA Semester 3

HRM302-Management and Organisational Development-4 Credits

(Book ID: B1726)

Assignment (60 Marks)

Note: Answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately of 400 words. Each question is
followed by evaluation scheme. Each Question carries 10 marks 6 X 10=60.

Q1. Define Organizational Development (OD).What are the characteristics of OD.

Answer. Organization development (OD) is a deliberately planned effort to increase an

organization's relevance and viability. Organizational Development (OD) can be described as the
systematic process to change the culture, system and behavior of organization. It is process that
helps in solving organizational problems and achieving organizational objectives. Organizational
Development works as important mechanism that helps in impressing the organization and its
employee through planned and established system. It concentrates on people dimensions like

Q2. As an HR, you find that the OD professional in your organization is not competent enough.
What are the competencies you will consider in a good OD professional?

Answer. To be effective, all OD practitioners must possess the following basic knowledge, skills
and attitudes which are listed below:

1. Intrapersonal skills: As OD is a highly, uncertain process which requires constant adjustment

and innovation, OD practitioner must possess good learning skills and must have values, feelings,
purposes and integrity that helps in building the relationships in a smooth and cordial way.

Q3. What are the ethical dilemmas in practicing OD?

Answer. An ethical dilemma is typically described as a complex situation that involves a conflict
between different morals. Ethical dilemmas are commonly found in medicine. For example,
deciding whether or not to install a feeding tube on a comatose patient could constitute an ethical
dilemma. There are three conditions that must be present for a situation to be considered an
ethical dilemma. The first condition occurs in situations when an individual, called the “agent,”
must make a decision about which course of action is best. Situations that are uncomfortable but
that don’t require a choice are not ethical dilemmas.

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SET-II

Q1.What is Performance Appraisal? What are the purposes and characteristics of Performance
Appraisal? Describe the steps in Performance Appraisal System.

Answer. Performance Appraisal is the systematic evaluation of the performance of employees

and to understand the abilities of a person for further growth and development. Performance
appraisal is generally done in systematic ways which are as follows:

 The supervisors measure the pay of employees and compare it with targets and plans
 The supervisor analyses the factors behind work performances of employees.
 The employers are in position to guide the employees for a better performance.

Two broad purposes of performance appraisal as depicted below:

1. Evaluation:

To let employees know where they stand relative to performance objectives and standards. An
effective entails the following:

Q2. What is a Learning Organization? Discuss the attributes of a learning organization. Explain
the various learning disciplines in learning organization.

Answer. Definition of a Learning organization: - An organisation that learns and encourages

learning among its people. It promotes exchange of information between employees hence
creating a more knowledgeable workforce. This produces a very flexible organisation where
people will accept and adapt to new ideas and changes through a shared vision
Organization that acquires knowledge and innovates fast enough to survive and thrive in a rapidly
changing environment. Learning organizations

(1) Create a culture that encourages and supports continuous employee learning, critical thinking,
and risk taking with new ideas,

(2) allow mistakes, and value employee contributions,

(3) Learn from experience and experiment, and

(4) Disseminate the new knowledge throughout the organization for incorporation into day-to-day
activities.

The characteristics of the learning organisation are as follows:

• Strategic orientation: Before taking any decisions, learning organisations has to take care of both
its customers and employees.

• Openness: There should be openness in the learning organisation for both the tolerant of
debate and criticism as well as enquiry also

• Innovation: There must be organic culture and structure in the learning organisation which
allows it to evolve rapidly. Also, it must have the deep skill and the capacity to deal with internal
uncertainty and complexity.

The 5 Learning Disciplines –

Each Discipline consists of:

 Principles, propositions or concepts (Senge calls these ‘guiding ideas’)

 Tools or techniques that, once learned and practised, assist in making the Disciplines come
to life
 Practices or precepts to follow in your own leadership behaviour and approaches

(a) Personal mastery: It creates the organisational climate that encourages and motivates the
organisational members to develop themselves towards purposes and objectives which they
choose.

(b) Mental models: It is an enquiry and reflection skills which is focused in developing awareness
of perceptions and attitudes. It, thus, helps in defining the current reality more clearly and
honestly and shapes the manager’s views of market strategies and conditions.

(c) Shared vision: It emphasises on the focus of mutual purpose. Thus, by guiding practices and
principles and developing shared images build a sense of commitment within a group.

(d) Team learning: It is related with the interactions among the group. Thus, it is a collective
thinking which put focus on achieving the common goals and involves exposing new ideas through
constructive disagreement and being comfortable not knowing answer to every question as well
as listening to others without confirmation bias.
(e) Systems thinking: It is about the behaviour of the feedback and is able to deal more efficiently
with the force that shapes the consequence of their actions. Thus, it is a language for
understanding and describing interrelationships which helps in shaping the behaviour of the
systems.

Q3. Write short notes:

a. Goal Setting

b. Managing Workforce Diversity

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