B.

TECH-VI SEM 6ME1A: DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS- II UNIT-1

Assignment-1/Tutorial Sheet 1

Syllabus: Fatigue Considerations in Design: Variable load, loading pattern, endurance stresses, Influence of
size, surface finish, notch sensitivity and stress concentration.
Goodman line, Soderberg line, Design of machine members subjected to combined, steady and alternating
stresses.
Design for finite life, Design of Shafts under Variable Stresses, Bolts subjected to variable stresses.

RTU 2011
1. Explain stress concentration, its causes and how it can be mitigated.
Determine the diameter of a circular rod made of ductile material with a fatigue strength
(complete stress reversal) σe =280Mpa and a tensile yield strength of 350 MPa. The member is
subjected to a varying axial load from 700 kN to - 300 kN. Assume Kt : 1.8, F.S : 2. (RSK203)
2. Write Soderberg's equation and state its application to different type of loadings.
3. Determine the thickness of a 130 mm wide uniform plate for safe continuous operation if the
plate is to be subjected to a tensile load that has a maximum value of 240 kN and a minimum
value of 100 kN. The properties of the plate material are as follows:
Endurance limit stress: 225 MPa, yield point stress: 300 MPa. The factor of safety based on
yield point stress: 1.5. (RSK203)
RTU 2012
4. Explain the following terms used in design of machine members subjected to variable loads:
a) Size factor
b) Notch Sensitivity
c) Endurance Limit
d) Surface finish factor
5. What information do you obtain from Soderberg Diagram?
6. What do you understand by stress concentration? How do you take it into consideration in
case of a component subjected to dynamic loading?
7. Determine the diameter of a tensile member of a circular cross section. The following data is
given: Maximum tensile load=20 kN: Maximum compressive load=10 kN, Ultimate tensile
strength=600 MPa, yield point=390 MPa, Endurance limit=290 MPa. Factor of safety=4, Stress
concentration factor=2.2
RTU 2013
8. Explain what is meant by Stress Concentration? How it can be reduced by suitable design
Practice.
9. A rod of a linkage mechanism made of steel 40 Crl (S ut=550 N/mm2) is subjected to a
completely reversed axial load of 100 kN. The rod is machined on a lathe and the expected
reliability is 95%. There is no stress concentration. Determine the diameter of the rod using a
factor of safety of 2 for an infinite life condition. (VB161)
10. Explain the difference between Gerber Curve, Goodman line and Soderberg line.
11. A polished steel bar is subjected to axial tensile force that varies from zero to P max. It has a
groove 2 mm deep and having a radius of 3 mm. The theoretical stress concentration factor
and notch sensitivity factor at the groove are 1.8 and 0.95 respectively. The outer dia of the bar

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PAWAN KUMAR GOYAL

B.TECH-VI SEM 6ME1A: DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS- II UNIT-1
is 30 mm. The ultimate tensile strength of the bar is 1250 MPa. The endurance limit in reversed
bending is 600 MPa. Find the maximum force that the bar can carry for 10 5 cycles for 90%
reliability. (VB173)
RTU 2014
12. Draw and describe Goodman and Soderberg diagram.
13. A component machined from a plate of thickness‘t’ has ultimate strength 630 N/mm 2. It is
subjected to completely reversed axial force of 50 kN. The expected reliability is 90 % and
factor of safety is 2. The size factor is 0.85. Determine the plate thickness ‘t’ for infinite life, if
the notch sensitivity factor is 0.8 (VB161)

14. What is stress concentration? Describe methods of reduction in stress concentration.

15. A solid circular shaft made of steel Fe 620 with S ut: 620 N/mm2 and Syt : 380 N/mm2 is
subjected to an alternating torsional moment which varies from - 200 Nm to + 400 Nm. The
shaft is ground and the expected reliability is 90%. Neglecting stress concentration calculate
shaft diameter for infinite life. The factor of safety is 2. (VB183)
RTU 2015
16. What is stress concentration? What are its causes and what are the methods of reducing stress
concentration? Discuss
17. A machine component is subjected to two-dimensional stresses. The tensile stress in the X
direction varies from 40 to 100 N/mm 2 while the tensile stress in the Y direction varies from 10
to 80 N/mm2. The frequency of variation of these stresses is equal. The corrected endurance
limit of the component is 270 N/mm 2. The ultimate tensile strength of the material of
component is 660 N/mm2.Determine the factor of safety used by designer. (VB178)
18. What is Goodman line? What is the difference between Gerber curve and Soderberg and
Goodman lines?
19. A solid shaft is subjected to a bending moment of 3.46 kN-m and torsional moment of 11.5 kN-
m. The shaft is made of C-45 steel, and factor of safety is 6. Determine the diameter of the shaft
RTU 2016
20. What is physical significance of notch sensitivity factor being one and zero.
21. What is fluctuating stress? Draw stress - time curve for fluctuating stress.
22. A bolted assembly is subjected to an external force that varies from 0 to l0 KN. The combined
stiffness of the parts, held together by the bolt, is three times the stiffness of the bolt. The bolt is
initially so tightened that at 50 % overload condition the parts held together by the bolt are just
about to separate. The bolt is made of plain carbon steel 50 C4. The fatigue stress concentration
factor is 2.2 and the expected reliability is 90%. The factor of safety is 2. Determine the size of
the bolt with fine threads. (VB261)
23. Explain modified Goodman diagram for bending stresses?
24. What is the difference between failure due to static load and fatigue failure?

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PAWAN KUMAR GOYAL

B.TECH-VI SEM 6ME1A: DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS- II UNIT-1
25. A transmission shaft carries a pulley midway between the two bearings. The bending moment
at the pulley varies from 200 N-m to 600 N - m, as the torsional moment in the shaft varies
from 70 N - m to 200 N - m. The frequencies of variation of bending and torsional moments are
equal to the shaft speed. The shaft is made of steel FeE 400 (S ut =540 N/mm2 and Syt=400
N/mm2). The corrected endurance limit of the shaft is 200 N/mm 2. Determine the diameter of
the shaft using a factor of safety of 2. (VB178)
RTU 2017
26. Explain modified Goodman diagram for bending stresses.
27. A cantilever beam of cord drawn steel 40C8 (S ut=600 N/mm2 and Syt=380 N/mm2) is shown an
figure. The force P acting at the free end varies from -50 N to +150 N. The expected reliability
is 90 % and factor of safety is 2. Notch sensitivity at fillet is 0.9. Determine diameter of beam at
the fillet radius. (VB176)

28. What is endurance strength? Draw S-N diagram, what are the factors that affect endurance
strength.
29. The section of a steel shaft is shown in fig (VB164)

The shaft is machined by a turning process. The section x-x is subjected to a constant bending
moment of 500 kN-m, the shaft material has S ut=500 MN/m2 & Syt=350 MN/m2 and endurance
limit in bending for a 7.5 mm diameter specimen of 210 MN/m 2. Notch sensitivity factor is 0.8.
Expected reliability is 90 %. Determine life of shaft. Theoretical stress concentration factor be
interpolated/taken from tabulated values. Here r is the fillet radius and d is the shaft dia.
r/d 0.025 0.05 0.1
kt 2.6 2.05 1.66

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PAWAN KUMAR GOYAL