Professional Documents
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OUMH1103
MATRICULATION NO : 800907115259001
IDENTITY CARD NO. : 800907-11-5259
TELEPHONE NO. : +6010-9333130
E-MAIL : ahmad_daniel@oum.edu.my
LEARNING CENTRE : OUM Shah Alam
OUMH1103
1.0 INTRODUCTION 2
2.0 CHALLENGES 3
3.0 ARGUEMENT 1
-Effective Reading Technique 5
4.0 ARGUEMENT 2
-Efficient Making And Taking Note Skills 6
5.0 ARGUEMENT 3
-Computer Literacy and Internet Study Skills 8
6.0 ARGUEMENT 4
-Information Evaluation Skills 10
7.0 CONCLUSION 13
8.0 REFERENCES 14
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Introduction
Study Skills are the technique and strategies that help a person read or listen for specific
purposes with the intent to remember. Harris and Hodges (as cited in Richardson, Judy
S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010).
As stated by (Richardson, Judy S.;, Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010)List of
study skills, consistent over many years, usually include creating and understanding
visual representations of information, previewing a text before reading, locating
information, taking notes, taking test, listening and reading with attention and intention
to learn.
From the statement above, it can be defined that study skills refer to term or
strategy use to make learning process more efficient, effective and organizable. The
skills may be differ from one another depend on personal individual habit or interest.
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Some of them may prefer study in group, and some may like to study late at night.
Despite of varies technique and strategy applied, the main goal and objective is to
achieve an excellency during studies.
Challenges
As an online distance learner, progress in information, communication and
technology does give a big impact on student’s life as they carrying out their daily life
task and duties. Although the development on information, communication and
technology generally help to accelerate the effectiveness of study skills and information
literacy. Students still faced some of the challenges as they moved along.
a) Flood of information from the internet, with the explosion of information has
resulted an outrages amount of information available for the students.
On the other hand, student are largely directed to the Internet as the main (and
only) media of learning, and they are expected to cope in the “sea” of available
information sources. (Mandusic, Dubravka,; Blaskovic, Lucija,; 2013)
b) Implementation of study skills that were introduced before the computer and
internet era is not practical anymore due to changes of study environment
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d) No direct relationship between student and tutor as it will cause the student have
to take an extra incentive on managing and planning with their own studies as
opposed to traditional learning system.
Lack of interaction with fellow students and teachers.( Sulcic, Viktorija,; Lesjak,
Dusan ,; 2009)
In order for students to cope with these challenges, relevant study skills and
information literacy skills should be adopted, to get the learners going and be able to
absorb and accelerate in the education process.
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Argument 1
REAP is the study skills that develop independent reading skills by encouraging the
reader to put the main idea of the passage into his/her own words, both written and orally.
It is a technique to imprinting information to a long term memory
REAP is an acronym for the following process:
SQ3R
SQ3R is the reading skills that proven to be effective and mainly developed by Francis
Pleasant Robinson in his 1946, Effective Study based on principles documented in 1930’s
SQ3R was found to be more nor less effective than a student’s own technique.
Graham (as cited in Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010)
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Q-Formulate Question about content reading
R-Read rapidly by focusing on keywords
R-Recite /Recall after each reading section
R-Review the consolidation and integration of the information gathered
Student can make use of technology invented to accelerate and make the reading
skills more efficient and effective by using digital camera/voice recorder. Instead of
orally say the main passage in order memorize the material being read, the usage of
digital camera/voice recorder will enhance memorizing process by storing and re-
listening and watching the recorded voice/clips anytime at students convenient.
Argument 2
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Semantic mapping enhanced study skills. Schewel (as cited in Richardson, Judy S.;
Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010).
For instance, when reading from a textbook, one may write notes on index cards or sticky
notes. When reading on a computer, one may take note by inserting remark into
document with red font, or by using track editing or footnoting. (Richardson, Judy S.;
Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010)
With the rapid growing of information technology, the task of making and taking
notes become effective where student can utilize the software in the computer as a tool in
making notes. Programs like Microsoft PowerPoint become useful in making
mind/semantic maps type of notes.
Students can learn and study more efficiently when taking notes on a laptop. Anderson-
Inman (as cited in Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010).
One of the convenient function that has been provided in internet browser is web-
bookmarks option, student are able to mark any website that has useful information for
their assignment or study for example. Students might find it useful as they don’t have to
save or print all the information needed either for note making or as an additional
material for study.
The use of web- based bookmarks in elementary setting was explained. Forbes (as cited
in Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010).
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Argument 3
Computer assisted study skills program increased study habits and attitudes.
Several efforts have been done by learning centre in order the overcome and to
ensure the entire learner is literate in computing skills. Basic course on introduction to
computer, tutorial on Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft PowerPoint, are
among the effort offered to the students in order to get them started.
Info graphic 1, below shows how computers become an important study skills
element, especially for online distance learner.
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The usage of chat-room for student to discuss on educational matters with the
tutor can be seen as a new way of study skills as opposed to traditional face to
face/classroom tutor.
Student can use chat room to discuss their learning. Albright, Purohit & Walsh (as cited
in Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010).
Students can use on-line discussion to discuss content. Thomas & Hofmeister (as cited in
Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; 2010)
With the blended learning approach, student will still have an opportunity get to
see the tutor once in a while and experience a normal learning process. Thus it will
become a solution to one of the challenges mentioned.
This kind of approach has been largely practice in education system such as Open
University Malaysia in organizing Online Distance Learner program and it is proven to
be effective and efficient for both parties in sharing and delivering information.
Writing an assignment has been never been easier with computer and internet.
Thanks to the technology that enable student to have a peace of mind on having enough
time on writing, evaluate the information and submit the assignment through online.
Through the Online Distance Learner portal, each student will be given an access to
personal VLE (Virtual Learning Environment) interface where all the students details,
examination result, link to virtual library and course material can be accessed through the
web page.
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And also the existence of Virtual Library,the concept is the same as physical
library, except for all the information is in paperless format instead of using card
catalogue to retrieve library material and learners have a convenient to access the library
anytime, anywhere.
Argument 4
It is necessary to evaluate the information. You need to know to read the text and how to
extract necessary from it. We should be able to recognize if the information is the one
that we need.
The challenges due to, mix of unfiltered information that is easily accessed, the
students tend to get confused on how to use them and manipulate the information inside
it. Furthermore the quality of the online material need to be clarified of its originality,
reliability, whether it has been cited or plagiarize. All of these factor should be count and
determined by the student in order to evaluate the information from internet.
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Barbara Braxton, a teacher from school Palmerston, Australian states that
information literacy process consists of six steps: defining, finding and selection of
sources, organization, presentation and evaluation. Figure below show the simplified of
method that has been introduced by her.
According to this method, Barbara Braxton clearly stated the steps and guide on
the adaptation of information literacy in students learning process where each of the
definition represent a group of question that has to be answered or appointed while
executing the specific task.
Defining; Elaboration of the main core idea, on what is the information that are needed,
what are the topics, subtopic or title by focusing on the keywords and what are the
information that the student already.
Finding source of information; Focusing on what is the best and reliable source that is
available by that time. It may come up with either it is in OPAC (Online Public Access
Catalogue), Electronic databases (e-books and e-journals) or internet website. Open
Distance Learners Virtual Library for an example would be the best need for the students
on searching and finding a journal for their assignments and study works. Also it is on the
source that students don’t have and how they manage to access these resources.
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Selection; Select the information effectively, based on the main idea or topic by look for
any clue or cues. Also student must be able to identify whether the information is
relevant, recent, accurate and unbiased. In information retrieval process, the use of
“Boolean Connector (AND, OR and NOT)” will helps to narrow down or broaden the
search and gives more accurate and better result. Student can use them by combining it
with the search term.
Organization; It is the effort on how to organize the information so the student can get
better understandings. Information should be arranged accordingly so it can be easily
understood by the others. It is also crucial at this stage for students to check whether the
information is in line with the main core idea or topic.
Presentation; It is how the student shares the information with others. What is the
purpose and the best format to meet the needs, either it is in a written, oral or in Microsoft
PowerPoint format, as the student have their own target audience.
Evaluation; Based on the student’s outcome from the information looked for. Which part
that would be improved or any parts that require extra support in the future.
This is a very simple example, shown on the way that even the students in primary school
can handle it, ie. They can comprehend the meaning of information literacy and how to
gain it.
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Conclusion
Return to our opening question (How are you going to ensure that you acquire
Excellent study skills and information literacy so that you can cope with these
challenges and succeed in your studies) In the light of foregoing conclusion and findings,
it is suggested that;
With the challenges that has been identified along with the suggested effective study
skills and information literacy guide. Online learners will definitely can continue on
pursuing their learning and take the challenges as a motivation in order to achieve an
outstanding result in their life learning process.
2998 Words
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ATTACHMENT
REFERENCES
1. Richardson, Judy S.; Robnolt, Valerie J,; Rhodes, Joan A,; (2010). A History Of Study
http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.newdc.oum.edu.my/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=2&sid=e5b
ba166-b341-4d8e-a8c5-6a8198024bd5%40sessionmgr4001&hid=4111
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3. Sulcic, Viktorija,; Lesjak, Dusan ,;(2009). E-Learning and Study Effectiveness.
[Online] Available :
http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.newdc.oum.edu.my/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=546
314f7-2392-4d7a-980c-c44606f588d1%40sessionmgr4001&hid=4111
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