THE CRUSADES...

BACKGROUND
In a popular movement known
as the Children's Crusade
(1212), a motley crew including
children, adolescents, women,
the elderly and the poor
marched all the way from the
Rhineland to Italy behind a
young man named Nicholas,
who said he had received divine
 FIRST CRUSADE
Four armies of When the four main
Crusaders were formed armies of Crusaders
from troops of different arrived in
Western European Constantinople, Alexius
regions, led by insisted that their
Raymond of Saint- leaders swear an oath
Gilles, Godfrey of of loyalty to him and
Bouillon, Hugh of recognize his authority
Vermandois and over any land regained
Bohemond of Taranto from the Turks, as well
(with his nephew as any other territory
Tancred); they were set they might conquer; all
to depart for but Bohemond resisted
 DIVISION OF
CRUSADES
1) the first, 1095-1101;
2) the second, headed by Louis VII, 1145-47;
3) the third, conducted by Philip Augustus and
Richard Coeur-de-Lion, 1188-92;
4) the fourth, during which Constantinople was
taken, 1204;
5)the fifth, which included the conquest of Damietta,
1217;
6)the sixth, in which Frederick II took part (1228-
29); also Thibaud de Champagne and
Richard of Cornwall (1239);
7)the seventh, led by St. Louis, 1249-52;
8) the eighth, also under St. Louis, 1270.
CONSEQUENCES AND
CONCLUSION
● The most important
effect of the Crusades
was economic. The
Italian cities
prospered from the
transport of Crusaders
and replaced
Byzantines and
Muslims as merchant-
traders in the
Mediterranean.
● When judged by
narrow military
standards, the
Crusades were a