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NOTE : We may also use awdio.com website coz, a broadcast lasts for 1 hour only on Mixlr.
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And the conference will me made from my side so no cost will be applicable from your side. If
possible this will be implemented.
so there was a need to assign an address to every computer so we implemented the concept of
giving a unique number to every computer which is known as ip address of the computer .
yes, one doubt in number of subnets and hosts and that-2 we do,where to subtract 2 addresses,
hope uMAC addresses are local to a manufacturer, two manufacturers may have same mac
addresses, there is a need to uniquely identify
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@amar mac also contain date and time of the manufacturer of the ip. so even though the the id
can be same the time and date different .
total number of subnets should not be ( total subnet -2) . plz don’t do this until specified .
now the number of address in the subnet will be the size of subnet . like if the size of subnet is
64. then number of address 4k
Concept of Limited directed broadcast address?theory i noe means which one will iP limited is
last??
200.1.1.0 255.255.255.192 a
110.2.30.5 255.255.255.152 b
0.0.0. 0.0.0.0 e - default entery
a new packet arrived with a ip like this
now if broadcast request comes like at 125.6.7.255, so broadcasting is done in entire n/w
or only in subnet 2 ???
Ans- I think it’s subnet 2 because .255 here is broadcast of 2nd subnet, but the
broadcast is not like.. “do it at X.X.X.255”
cannot do . as the outside router does not know that u have done subnetting in your
network. only the internal router knows about it . so if a computer from the subnet
125.6.7.0 want to direct broadcast to another network then it can send. or directly
broadcast as it is in network and the internal router knows about the subnetting . but the
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outside router does not know about the subnetting. if u do it intentionally then i think it
should be done.
depends on the router too, many organization have a firewall which does not allow
subnet access from outside. ok
Q. Does this mean that all the host inside that network receive the broadcast, irrespective
of subnetting?
0.1.1.2 -message ip
255..255.255.192
200.1.1.0
if it match with 2 entries, we should check after matching with fst or not? choose subnet with
more number of ones and its interface. @Ravi 0s or 1s?
more number of 1’s in subnet mask
http://gateoverflow.in/30873/subnetting
pls someone look into this...i tried to solve it,but options are not matching..
@arjun sir..
Q. If in Class A, they ask how many networks are possible, should I count 127.0… or it
should not be included?
no. its loopback address
and 0.0.0 is also not used. so 126 class A addresses.
1-126 ranges of ip address… and so total 126 class A n/w’s possible.
As i think its dec end so all who are preparing for gate knows all about CN ...so just start by
doubt
@ name - Can you explain what happened here? - I mean how this text message I typed
reached you via Internet :) (Need to discuss only the portions in GATE syllabus)\
for example.
chrome will forward the packet to transport layer
suppose i wrote ravi .
so the transport layer will make a packet like
ravi : 8080 : 65 . 65 is the destination port .
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while . 8080 is the source port.
then it will be forwarded to network layer .
which will add the ip address.
now he msg will be
ravi : 8080 : 65 : 112.165.2.3 : 123.23.5.6
the 112 source address and 123 …. is the google server
now the packet will be given to data link layer
which will add its mac address and the next hop mac address.
.
sir if i type just “a”, a single character of 1 byte, then isn’t there is a lot of BYTES of
header overhead for a single byte data?????? but here, like you explained above, you
typed ravi. and packet is sent to server..
currently we are using tcp or udp??
i think udp.
ex:hd streaming:tcp (frames not lost)
messenger,low quality streaming(udp)
There is one field in ipv4, types of services, what it’s used for????
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Hey what i think is . we should end this here only . i will take again from here on. there is no
point of wasting time if u don’t understand . let me again prepare and this time i will take the
whole syllabus . u just collect your doubts. it’s not like i ' m feeling embarrassed .
i ' m not satisfied by me performance. and i do thing till i am not satisfied. i can guarantee u next
revision will be much better than this . and it was first experiance for me,
i will reschedule it soon. when u want it .?
i need some time so that i can explain u in much better way . so plz cooperate.
give your email id sir,, we will forward you our doubts in between, and so all could be discussed
next time.
OK
rvsingh011@gmail.com
No problem sir :) It was ur first tym you must have learned something btw it was gud :)
plz give me a date and then we can again start . . yes . is 2 jan gud for all ??
no sorry, you wanna help us that intention is great, very rarely found in people.. hats off
and one more thing i was als not able to revise . that why i can’t explain well this was all
last year. i was out for an urgent work . and there was no time. and i thought i will over it
late.
@Ravi my suggestion is we have to more concentrate on new topic like wifi, IPV6
ok the next time we will start with ipv6 and wifi then we will come to ipv4.
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and another request to give detail on socket (tcp,udp(accept, listen, bind etc)), tcp
congestion control . ok
after giving detail on these topics , u could solve individual problem, that will be better:)
ok i will keep the requested topic in details and upload my notes too,
and also one more thing, ARP works locally. like you can get mac address of a m/c which is in
your n/w only.
into subnets with a 6-bit subnet number. What is the maximum number of subnets and the maximum
number of hosts in each subnet?
As they have already answered and explained we do not subtract 2 from subnet so nid 16 bit and hid is
16bit in class b, 2^6 = 64 subnets and 2^10 -2 hosts are possible = 1022
q1) How many bits would you require in the Advertise window field of TCP header to keep pipe full??
q2) How many bits would you require in the Sequence no. field of TCP header to avoid wrap around
within MSL of segment??
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I’ll try to explain MSL using an ex . let's say client want to sort some no then it establish conn. with server
and send all these no to server.Now since client has no further data to send it can close its connection rt?
therefore it send fin segment and received ACK for same .At this time client has closed its connection but
server can still send data(which is sorted data) when it has finished sending data closes this connection
by sending FIN segment .Now suppose client send ACK but ACK got lost,server cannot close conn.client
is waiting for ack that is why we need an Time wait state in which ,if any data left in the transmission
whose ack is not received till this time then these segment will be discarded because we are using IP
datagram which as its TTL.coming to r ques what is MSL .well Timewait =2*MSL.(MSL is wrap aroun
time) not exactly it has different significance,though it can be interpreted as Wrap around for this ques
.okk :)
Now
1)solving this ques RTT is 140 ns therefore total data send in RTT is 140b so only 8 bit needed for
advertsed window to keep pipe full(140b by 1Gbps*140 ns na?)yes ok :) bro/sir meet me in chat for this..
:)this ans is though not correct
http://gateoverflow.in/3859/gate2005-it_85b
what is the meaning of C will change his table from D and E ? when D gets an updated table from C it
sees that something is going wrong becoz only possibility it can reach A is via B .
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Now since updation takes place synchronously to every node is updated periodically not only when there
is topological change !! Its mentioned in question that table changes synchronously . (It is like the
algorithm runs parallely on all nodes, so update from one node won’t be visible in current iteration but only
in next) ok. Assuming this fact if D gets the table from C before C sends it to B than it can happen . D will
notice there is some change and it will update its distance to 3 . So D can reach A at dist 3 . After that at
t+2 the table is forwarded to F from D. This will make F update its distance to 4. So basically it's
updated once every 2 timestamp (why 2?) -- All nodes run the algorithm at each time step-- so at 100 it
should get 50 updations . so it should be 4+50 = 54 na ? @Where am i going wrong? becoz t+2
when the algo is running on a node what is happening ? F will send its table to all its neighbour ? yes, and
same for all nodes - all get tables from their neighbours and all run the algorithm simultaneously.
ohhh ok then after t+2 there is constant interaction between D and F right and they keep modifying their
distances . yes.. now u r getting 102? yep
Ok )
NUMERICALS_TOPICS
(Q.) Can anyone list all topics from which numericals are asked ?
tcp
routing protocols
sliding window(min no of bits required to represent sequence no)
fragmentation
rsa algorithm
diffie hellman algorithm
subnetting
congestion control
What is RTT? Round Trip Time - It is the time from which a packet is sent and an ACK is received back.
So, while using this is problem, we have to know the exact meaning. Many places RTT is used to denote
the network efficiency by considering a small packet (for which transmission time close to 0). But when
we send a large packet, we have to include transmission time- why? See below
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In case when ACK is piggybacked (it is send back along with data) we also have to add the TT of the
packet which carries the ACK. Or when ACK (usually very small) size is not negligible we have to add its
TT also.
This definition is not important but needed only if you use RTT in formulae. Most good sources I have
seen avoids this usage and just put PD and TT directly in formulae.
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