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3. The topic focal point is on the control surfaces of Airbus A320's wings.
This study will help to find out out the prevalance and contributing factors
of A320's wings among the students and professors which will be signifant as
it will help the students and professor to know more about the A320's wings and other
Foreign Literature
According to China's foreign literature about A320's wings that Airbus assemble
outsource more production to the Asian Country. The move would see the UK lose its exclusive
The President of China, Laurence Barron says the wings for the A320 due to roll
off the new assembly line in Tianjin each month would "ideally" be manufactured in country.
The Airbus A320 family are narrow-body (single-aisle) aircraft with a retractable tricycle landing gear and are powered by two wing
pylon-mounted turbofan engines. The Airbus A320 family is the only narrow-body aircraft from Airbus.
Airframe
A319 left wing with spoilers deployed during landing.
The Airbus A320 family are low-wing cantilever monoplanes with a conventional empennage with a single vertical
stabilizer and rudder. Its wing sweep is 25 degrees. Compared to other airliners of the same class, the A320 features a wider single-
aisle cabin of 3.95 metres (156 in) outside diameter,[52]compared to 3.8 m (148 in) of the Boeing 737 or 757, and larger overhead
bins. Its cargo hold can accommodate Unit Load Devices containers.
The A320 airframe includes composite materials and aluminium alloys to save weight and reduce the total number of parts to
decrease the maintenance costs.[101] Its tail assembly is made almost entirely of such composites by CASA, who also builds the
elevators, main landing gear doors, and rear fuselage parts.[102]
The Airbus A320 family was the first commercial airliner to feature a full glass cockpit and digital fly-by-wireflight control system. The only analogue
The A320 was the first civil airliner to include a full digital fly-by-wire flight control system. At the time of the aircraft's introduction, the
behaviour of the fly-by-wire system equipped with full flight envelope protection was a new experience for many pilots.
Early A320s used the Intel 80186 and Motorola 68010.[103] In 1988, the flight management computer contained six Intel 80286 CPUs,
running in three logical pairs, with 2.5 megabytes of memory.[104]
Its design also included a full glass cockpit rather than the hybrid versions found in previous airliners. The A320's flight deck is
equipped with Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) with side-stick controllers. The A320 features an Electronic Centralised
Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) which gives the flight crew information about all the systems of the aircraft.
From 2003, A320's feature liquid crystal display (LCD) units in the flight deck of its A318, A319, A320, and A321 flight decks instead
of the original cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. These include the main displays and the backup artificial horizon, which was an
analog display prior to this.[105]
Airbus offers an avionics upgrade for older A320, the In-Service Enhancement Package, to keep them updated. [106] Digital head-up
displaysare available.[107]
Specifications
Cockpit crew 2
Exit
136 160 195/190 230
limit EASA[137]/FAA[138]
132 at 29–30 in (74– 156 at 28–30 in (71– 186 at 29 in (74 cm) 236 at 28 in (71 cm)
1-class max. seating[139]
76 cm) pitch 76 cm) pitch pitch[140] pitch[141]
107 (8F @ 38 in, 99Y 124 (8F @ 38 in, 116Y 150 (12F @ 36 in, 138Y 185 (16F @ 36 in, 169Y
2-class, typical[139]
@ 32 in) @ 32 in) @ 32 in) @ 32 in)
Cargo volume 21.20 m3 (749 cu ft) 27.70 m3 (978 cu ft) 37.40 m3 (1,321 cu ft) 51.70 m3 (1,826 cu ft)
Length 31.44 m (103 ft 2 in) 33.84 m (111 ft 0 in) 37.57 m (123 ft 3 in) 44.51 m (146 ft 0 in)
Wheelbase 10.25 m (33 ft 8 in) 11.04 m (36 ft 3 in) 12.64 m (41 ft 6 in) 16.91 m (55 ft 6 in)
Fuselage 4.14 m (13 ft 7 in) height, 3.95 m (13 ft 0 in) width, 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in) cabin width
Maximum takeoff
68 t (150,000 lb) 75.5 t (166,000 lb) 78 t (172,000 lb) 93.5 t (206,000 lb)
weight (MTOW)
Maximum landing
57.5 t (127,000 lb) 62.5 t (138,000 lb) 66 t (146,000 lb) 77.8 t (172,000 lb)
weight (MLW)
Maximum zero-fuel
54.5 t (120,000 lb) 58.5 t (129,000 lb) 62.5 t (138,000 lb) 73.8 t (163,000 lb)
weight(MZFW)
Operating empty
39.5 t (87,100 lb) 40.8 t (89,900 lb) 42.6 t (93,900 lb) 48.5 t (107,000 lb)
weight(OEW)[139]
Speed Cruise: Mach 0.78 (447 kn; 829 km/h)[143], MMO: Mach 0.82 (470 kn; 871 km/h)[143]
Range, typical payload[d] 3,100 nmi, 5,750 km 3,750 nmi, 6,950 km[c] 3,300 nmi, 6,100 km[c] 3,200 nmi, 5,950 km[c]
ACJ range 4,200 nmi, 7,800 km[144] 6,000 nmi, 11,100 km[145] 4,300 nmi, 7,800 km[146]
Landing (MLW, SL, ISA) 1,230 m (4,040 ft)[144] 1,360 m (4,460 ft)[145] 1,500 m (4,900 ft)[146]
Engines (×2)
PW6000A, 56.5 in
IAE V2500A5, 63.5 in (1.61 m) fan
(1.44 m) fan
The A320 is manufactured by Airbus industries which is a consist four European Aerospace Germany,
England, Spain, and France. The fuselage section the tail flaps and spoilers are built in Hamburg,
Germany. England is responsible for main wing section, Spain builds the horizontal stabilizers and
elevators. France constructs the cockpit the forward fuselage and the engine pylons.