You are on page 1of 22

Apuntes protecciones

1/2 cycle (momentary) bracing bus bar (apertura breakers bajo voltaje)
5 cycles (interrupting) capacidad de apertura latching (apertura breaker mvoltaje)
30 cycles (of relay) (actua rele)

RELES
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In the design of electrical power systems, the ANSI Standard Device Numbers
(ANSI /IEEE Standard C37.2) denote what features a protective device supports (such as
a relay or circuit breaker). These types of devices protect electrical systems and
components from damage when an unwanted event occurs, such as an electrical fault.
Device numbers are used to identify the functions of devices shown on a schematic
diagram. Function descriptions are given in the standard.
ANSI/IEEE C37.2-2008 is one of a continuing series of revisions of the standard, which
originated in 1928.

List of Device Numbers and Acronyms


 1 - Master Element

 2 - Time Delay Starting or Closing Relay

 3 - Checking or Interlocking Relay

 4 - Master Contactor

 5 - Stopping Device

 6 - Starting Circuit Breaker

 7 - Rate of Change Relay

 8 - Control Power Disconnecting Device

 9 - Reversing Device

 10 - Unit Sequence Switch

 11 - Multi-function Device

 12 - Overspeed Device

 13 - Synchronous-speed Device

 14 - Underspeed Device

 15 - Speed - or Frequency, Matching Device

 16 - Data Communications Device


 17 - Shunting or Discharge Switch

 18 - Accelerating or Decelerating Device

 19 - Starting to Running Transition Contactor

 20 - Electrically Operated Valve

 21 - Distance Relay

 22 - Equalizer Circuit Breaker

 23 - Temperature Control Device

 24 - Volts Per Hertz Relay

 25 - Synchronizing or Synchronism-Check Device

 26 - Apparatus Thermal Device

 27 - Undervoltage Relay

 28 - Flame detector

 29 - Isolating Contactor or Switch

 30 - Annunciator Relay

 31 - Separate Excitation Device

 32 - Directional Power Relay

 33 - Position Switch

 34 - Master Sequence Device

 35 - Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring Short-Circuiting Device

 36 - Polarity or Polarizing Voltage Devices

 37 - Undercurrent or Underpower Relay

 38 - Bearing Protective Device

 39 - Mechanical Condition Monitor

 40 - Field (over/under excitation) Relay

 41 - Field Circuit Breaker

 42 - Running Circuit Breaker

 43 - Manual Transfer or Selector Device

 44 - Unit Sequence Starting Relay

 45 - Abnormal Atmospheric Condition Monitor


 46 - Reverse-phase or Phase-Balance Current Relay

 47 - Phase-Sequence or Phase-Balance Voltage Relay

 48 - Incomplete Sequence Relay

 49 - Machine or Transformer, Thermal Relay

 50 - Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay (BF) breaker failure

 51 - AC Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay

 52 - AC Circuit Breaker

 53 - Exciter or DC Generator Relay

 54 - Turning Gear Engaging Device

 55 - Power Factor Relay

 56 - Field Application Relay

 57 - Short-Circuiting or Grounding Device

 58 - Rectification Failure Relay

 59 - Overvoltage Relay

 60 - Voltage or Current Balance Relay

 61 - Density Switch or Sensor

 62 - Time-Delay Stopping or Opening Relay

 63 - Pressure Switch

 64 - Ground Detector Relay

 65 - Governor

 66 - Notching or Jogging Device

 67 - AC Directional Overcurrent Relay

 68 - Blocking or "Out-of-Step" Relay

 69 - Permissive Control Device

 70 - Rheostat

 71 - Liquid Level Switch

 72 - DC Circuit Breaker

 73 - Load-Resistor Contactor

 74 - Alarm Relay
 75 - Position Changing Mechanism

 76 - DC Overcurrent Relay

 77 - Telemetering Device

 78 - Phase-Angle Measuring Relay

 79 - AC Reclosing Relay

 80 - Flow Switch

 81 - Frequency Relay

 82 - DC Reclosing Relay

 83 - Automatic Selective Control or Transfer Relay

 84 - Operating Mechanism

 85 - Communications,Carrier or Pilot-Wire Relay

 86 - Lockout Relay

 87 - Differential Protective Relay

 88 - Auxiliary Motor or Motor Generator

 89 - Line Switch

 90 - Regulating Device

 91 - Voltage Directional Relay

 92 - Voltage and Power Directional Relay

 93 - Field Changing Contactor

 94 - Tripping or Trip-Free Relay

 95 - For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable

 96 - For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable

 97 - For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable

 98 - For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable

 99 - For specific applications where other numbers are not suitable

 AFD - Arc Flash Detector

 CLK - Clock or Timing Source

 DDR - Dynamic Disturbance Recorder

 DFR - Digital Fault Recorder


 ENV - Environmental Data

 HIZ - High Impedance Fault Detector

 HMI - Human Machine Interface

 HST - Historian

 LGC - Scheme Logic

 MET - Substation Metering

 PDC - Phasor Data Concentrator

 PMU - Phasor Measurement Unit

 PQM - Power Quality Monitor

 RIO - Remote Input/Output Device

 RTU - Remote Terminal Unit/Data Concentrator

 SER - Sequence of Events Recorder

 TCM - Trip Circuit Monitor

 SOTF - Switch On To Fault

Suffixes and prefixes


A suffix letter or number may be used with the device number; for example, suffix N is
used if the device is connected to a Neutral wire (example: 59N in a relay is used for
protection against Neutral Displacement); and suffixes X,Y,Z are used for auxiliary
devices. Similarly, the "G" suffix denotes a "ground", hence a "51G" is a time overcurrent
ground relay. Suffix numbers are used to distinguish multiple "same" devices in the same
equipment such as 51-1, 51-2.[1]
Device numbers may be combined if the device provides multiple functions, such as the
instantaneous/time-delay AC over current relay denoted as 50/51[1]
For device 16, the suffix letters further define the device: the first suffix letter is S for
Serial or E for Ethernet. The subsequent letters are: C Security Processing Function VPN,
Encryption F Firewall or message Filter M Network Managed Function R Router S
Switch T Telephone Component. So a managed Ethernet switch would be 16ESM

References
1. ^ a b Applied Protective Relaying 1979 by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 2nd
Printing, "Appendix II, Electrical Power System Device Numbers and Functions" as
adopted by IEEE standard and incorporated in American Standard C37.2-1970.
 IEEE Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers,

Acronyms, and Contact Designations, C37.2 , 2008, PDF: ISBN 978-0-7381-5778-8

27-- UNDERVOLTAGE RELAY


27dc-- PROTECCIÓN BAJA TENSION CIRCUITO DISPARO INTERRUPTOR
32-- PROTECCIÓN POTENCIA INVERSA
38-- PROTECIÓN RODAMIENTOS
40-- PROTECCIÓN PÉRDIDA DE CAMPO
46-- PROTECCIÓN DESBALANCE DE FASE
49-- PROTECCIÓN TÉRMICA.
49L--TRANSFORMER LIQUID THERMAL (OVER TMPERTURE) RELAY
49W--TRANSFORMER WINDING THERMAL (OVER THEMPERTURE) RELAY
63--RAPID PRESSURE REALY, TRANSFORMER
51G--GROUND FAULT DETECTION RELAY,
63--TRANSFORMER SUDDEN PRESSURE RELAY (SOBREPRESION ACEITE)

81U--UNDERFREQUENCY RELAY C/W TWO UNDERFREQUENCY SETPOINTS, BASLER BE1-


810/U STYLE NUMBER T3E-E1J-A7N1F
25--SYNC CHECK RELAY
86--LOCKOUT RELAY RELE DE DISPARO Y BLOQUEO
47--VOLTAGE NEGATIVE SEQUENCE
50--PHASE/NEG SEQUENCE INST OVERCURRENT
50G--GROUND INSTANTANEOUS OVERCURRENT
51--ELECTRONIC PROTECTIVE RELAY INTEGRAL TO BREAKER, C/W LONG TIME, SHORT
TIME AND INSTANTANEOUS CHARACTERISTICS AND CAPABILITY TO DISABLE
INSTANTANEOUS TRIP.
51--PHASE/NEG SEQUENCE TIME DELAYED OVERCURRENT
51G--GROUND TIME DELAYED OVERCURENT
51V-- PROTECCION DE 51V-- PROTECCION DE SOBRECORRIENTE TIEMPO INVERSO
(TIERRA)

52--POWER CIRCUIT BREAKER

59--BUS OVERVOLTAGE
67--DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT
71-- BAJO NIVEL DE ACEITE
81--BUS OVER/UNDERFREQUENCY
87-- PROTECCIÓN DIFERENCIAL
12--Sobrevelocidad
21--Distancia
24--Voltios /Hz
27--Minima tensión.
50/27--energizacion accidental del generador
32--Potencia inversa/minima potencia directa
38--Sobretemperatura de los Rodamientos (RTD)
39--Vibracion de rodamientos (entradas analogicas)
40--Perdida de exitacion (impedancia)
40Q--Perdida de campo (potencia reactiva)

46--sobre intencidad de secuencia negativa (I2«2t)


47--inversion de fases de tension
49--termica de estator (RTD/Modelo termico)
50--Sobreintensidad de fases
50bf--fallo del interruptor
50--Sobreintensidad generada off.line
50/51GN--Sobreintencidad de tierra
51V--Sobreintencidad con frenado por tension
59--Maxima tension
59GN/27TN--100% tierra estator
60FL--Fallo de fusible
67--Direccional de tierra
76--Sobreexitacion (entrada analogica)
81--Maxima /Minima frecuencia
86--Bloqueo electrico

87G--Diferencial

12--Sobrevelocidad
21--Distancia
24--Voltios /Hz
25--Sync Check
25A--Auto syncronizing
78--Out of step
27--Minima tensión.
50/27--energizacion accidental del generador
32--Potencia inversa/minima potencia directa
38--Sobretemperatura de los Rodamientos (RTD)
39--Vibracion de rodamientos (entradas analogicas)
40--Perdida de exitacion (impedancia)
40Q--Perdida de campo (potencia reactiva)
46--sobre intencidad de secuencia negativa (I2«2t)
47--inversion de fases de tension
49--termica de estator (RTD/Modelo termico)
50--Sobreintensidad de fases
50bf--fallo del interruptor
50--Sobreintensidad generada off.line (50IE) Inadverted Energization
50/51GN--Sobreintencidad de tierra
51V--Sobreintencidad con frenado por tension
59--Maxima tension
59GN/27TN--100% tierra estator
60FL--Fallo de fusible
67--Direccional de tierra
76--Sobreexitacion (entrada analogica)
81--Maxima /Minima frecuencia
86--Bloqueo electrico
87G--Diferencial

APUNTES NEC
CABLE TRAY

NEMA LOAD/SPAN DESIGNATIONS


Class Designation Support Span Working Load
(Feet) (lbs./linear foot)
8A 8 50
8B 8 75
8C 8 100
12A 12 50
12B 12 75
12C 12 100
16A 16 50
16B 16 75
16C 16 100
20A 20 50
20B 20 75
20C 20 100

CSA STANDARD LOAD CLASSES


Design load at varying support spacings in kg/meter
Class 1.5M 2.0M 2.5M 3.0M 4.0M 5.0M 6.0M
A 99 62 45 37 N/A N/A N/A
C1 259 164 119 97 N/A N/A N/A
D1 N/A N/A N/A 179 113 82 67
E N/A N/A N/A 299 189 137 112

GROUNDING
Equipo alimentado con 150v ymenor voltaje, alimentado desde paneles de distribucion, tales como
Lamparas y receptaculos pueden ser puestos a tierra a traves del sistema de cables.
El conductor de tierra de equipos deben ser del tamano requerido por NEC con los siguientes calibres
minimos, calibres no especificados aqui o en graficos deben estar de acuerdo a los requerimientos de la
NEC o codigos locales.
MOTORES 4000V y mayores, en todos los tamanos 4\0 AWG (2 conexiones)
460V, 15HP y menores 6AWG
460V, 16HP a 60HP 2AWG
460V, sobre 60HP 4\0AWG
480V, motores accionamiento de valvulas - En la misma forma que los motores a 460V.

Abbreviations and definitions


API American Petroleoum Institute
BOPD Barrels of Oil per Day
BPD Barrels per Day
BWPD Barrel of water per Day
BS&W Basic sediment & Water
CFM cubic feed per minute
EPF Early Production Facility
FWKO free Water Knock Out
IFA Issued for Approval
IFB Issued for Bid
IFC Issued for Construction
mmscfd Millon Standart Cubic Feed per Day
PCV pressure control valve
PFD process flow diagram
TBD To Be Determined
lec lnternational electrotechnical commission standart
ANSI. .

CUTTLE Hammer
Magnum DS Breaker Control Voltages and Currents
Control Voltage 24 DC 48 DC 125 DC 120 AC 240 AC
Close Current (SR), Amperes 0.67 0.59
Shunt Trip Current, Amperes 0.67 0.59
Spring Charge Motor, Amperes 3 3
Control Voltage Range:
Close — 100-140 104-127
Trip — 70-140 60-127
Motor currents are running currents. Inrush is approximately 400%. Motor running time to charge
spring approximately 5 seconds
ajf

NEMA Types of Wiring


Type A includes no terminal blocks. Combination line starters are factory wired and assembled in the
structure in the most efficient arrangement. Auxiliary devices can be supplied, but no wiring external to
the unit will be furnished. All feeder circuit Brecker or fusible disconnect units are in this classification.
Type B duplicates Type A except that all control wires terminate at blocks on the side or near the bottom
of each unit. Load terminals are all conveniently located adjacent to the control terminal blocks on size 1
units only. Plug-in type terminal blocks are standard for all control wiring.
Type C-S all factory supplied control terminals and load terminals for size 1 and 2 starters are brought to a
master terminal block located in the structure.
Type C-M all factory supplied control terminals and load terminals for size 1 and 2 starters are brought to
a master terminal block located in a separate marshaling structure.

Electricity and body

Men
•Perception Threshold
-0.001 Amps (1 mA)
•Painful Shock
-0.009 Amps (9 mA)
•Cannot Leg-Go Level
-0.010 Amps (10 mA)
•Ventricular Fibrillation
-0.100 Amps (100 mA) 3 Seconds
-0.200 Amps (200 mA) 1 Second
•Heart Failure
-0.5 Amps (500 mA)
•Organ Burn and Cell Breakdown
•1.5 Amps (1500 mA)

•Women
•Perception Threshold
-0.0007 Amps (0.7 mA)
•Painful Shock
-0.0012 Amps (1.2 mA)
•Cannot Leg-Go Level
-0.010 Amps (10 mA)
•Ventricular Fibrillation
-0.100 Amps (100 mA) 3 Seconds
-0.200 Amps (200 mA) 1 Second
•Heart Failure
-0.5 Amps
•Organ Burn and Cell Breakdown
-1.5 Amps

AREA CLASIFICATION CRITERIA


The Classification Criteria is based on NFPA 70 (National Electric Code - USA)
and API Recomended Practice 500 dated June 1991.

Considering adequately ventilated sections, i.e., areas where ventilation


(natural or artificial) is sufficient to prevent the accumulation of significant
quantities of vapor-air mixtures in concentrations above 25% of their lower
explosive limit (LEL).

Taking into account the characteristics of the fluids handle in our facilities,
they correspond to the "D" Group, as part of the Class I Group Classification,
which means those areas in which flammable gases or may be
present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible
mixtures.

Class I Locations will include those specified in A) & B) below:

A) Class I, Division 1.
An area in which:
1. Ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors can exist under
normal operating conditions.

2. Ignitible concentrations of such gases or vapors may exist frequently


because of repair or maintance operations or because of leakage.

3. Breakdown or faulty operation of equipment or processes might release


ignitible concentrations of flammable gases or vapors, and might also
cause simultaneous failure of electric equipment.

B) Class I, Division 2.
An area:
1. In which volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases are handled,
processed, or used, but in which the liquids, vapors, or gases will
normally be confined within closed containers or closed systems from
which they can escape only in case of accidental rupture or breakdown
of such containers or systems, or in case of abnormal operation of
equipment.

2. In which ignitible concentrations of gases or vapors are normally


prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, and which might become
hazardous through failure or abnormal operation of the ventilating
equipment.
3. That is adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location, and to which ignitible
concentrations of gases or vapors might occasionally be communicated
unless such communication is prevented by adequate positive-pressure
ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective safeguards against
ventilation failure are provided.

1.METALCLAD
This means complete enclosure of all live parts and separation of major portions of the
circuit to retard the spread of faults to others compartments.

2. NEMA - electrical motors efficiency ratings.

NEMA Letter Nominal Minimum


Index Efficiency Efficiency

A 95.0

B 95.0 94.1

C 94.1 93.0

D 93.0 91.7

E 91.7 90.2

F 90.2 88.5

G 88.5 86.5

H 86.5 84.0

K 84.0 81.5

L 81.5 78.5

M 78.5 75.5

N 75.5 72.0
P 72.0 68.0

R 68.0 64.0

S 64.0 59.5

T 59.5 55.0

U 55.0 50.5

V 50.5 46.0

W 46.0
2.GENERADORES.
rpm=7200/n.polos (60hz)
g.electrico=g.geometrico*npolos/2

STANDBY RATING
Typical Load Factor: 60% or lees
Typical hours per year: 500h
Typical peak demand: 80% of standby rated ekW with 100% of rating available for the duration of an
emergency outage
Typical application: building services standby and enclosed/sheltered enviroment.

PRIME RATING
Typical Load Factor: 60% to 70%
Typical hours per year: no limit
Typical peak demand: 100% of rating used occasionally
Typical application: industrial pumping construction peak shaving or cogeneration.

CONTINUOUS RATING
Typical Load Factor: 70% to 100%
Typical hours per year: no limit
Typical peak demand: 80% of standby rated ekW with 100% of rating available for the duration of an
emergency outage
Typical application: base load utility, cogeneration, parallel operation.

ISO 8528-1

CONTINUOS OPERATING POWER


is the power a generator set can operate at a continuous load for an unlimited number of hours
under stated ambient conditions

PRIME RUNING POWER


is the maximun power a generation set has during a variable power sequence for an unlimited
numbers of hours under stated ambient conditions.

LIMITED TIME RUNNING POWER


ls the maximum power that a generator set delivers for up to 500h per year under stated ambient
conditions.

3.SISTEMAS CONTRA INCENDIOS.


ASME section VIII unfired pressure vessel code.
NFPA 2001 standart on clean agent fire extinguishing systems.
NFPA70
NFPA72E Automatic fire detector
FM200 concentracion 6.25% al 7% debe ser rapido max 20s.
Recipientes deben estar dentro del area protegida

4. CORTOCIRCUITOS
I=S/(raiz(3)*VL)
I*1.6=kA asimetricos rms.
I*2.7=kA.asimetricos pico.
Luego para comparar contra los eqvipos se usa un factor de proteccion de un 20% apro
ximadamente
Comparacion CC versus Capacidad de CC de equipos.
5. ARRANQUE DE MOTORES
norma Ansi c84.1-1995 y ansi/nema MG1-2003 permiten una caida maxima del 10% de la
tension de placa de los motores durante el tiempo de arranque de los mismos. 0.5seg y
1min.

6. ESTABILIDAD
....
...
List of NEMA Enclosure Definitions & Applications

What does NEMA 4 rated mean? In non-hazardous locations, there are several
different NEMA ratings for specific enclosure "types", their applications, and the
environmental conditions they are designed to protect against, when completely
and properly installed. The following provides an overview of the NEMA Types.
For complete definitions, descriptions, and test criteria, see the National
Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards Publication No. 250.

NEMA 1
Enclosures constructed for indoor use to provide a degree of protection to
personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment and to provide
a degree of protection against falling dirt.
NEMA 1 Enclosure
Definition: Intended for indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection
against (hand) contact with enclosed equipment.
Applications: NEMA 1 industrial enclosures are typically used for protecting
controls and terminations from objects and personnel. This style of enclosure,
while offering a latching door, does not have a gasketed sealing surface. NEMA 1
enclosures are used in applications where sealing out dust, oil, and water is not
required. Motor start/stop stations are often housed in NEMA 1 enclosures.
Usually, a low cost enclosure but suitable for clean and dry environments.
Custom Tigerbox™ enclosures are available for electronics applications.

NEMA 2
Same as NEMA 1 including protection against dripping and light splashing of
liquids.
NEMA 2 Enclosure
Definition: Intended for indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection
against limited amounts of falling dirt and water.
Applications: NEMA 1 industrial enclosures are typically used for protecting
controls and terminations from objects and personnel. This style of enclosure,
while offering a latching door, does not have a gasketed sealing surface. NEMA 2
enclosures are used in applications where sealing out dust, oil, and water is not
required. Motor start/stop stations are sometimes housed in NEMA 2 enclosures.
This is a low cost enclosure also. Custom Tigerbox™ enclosure are available for
electronics applications.
NEMA 3
Enclosures constructed for either indoor or outdoor use to provide a degree of
protection to personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment;
to provide a degree of protection against falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, and
windblown dust; and that will be undamaged by the external formation of ice on
the enclosure.
NEMA 3 Enclosure
Definition: Intended for outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection
against windblown dust, rain, and sleet; undamaged by ice which forms on the
enclosure.
Applications: NEMA 3 electrical enclosures are typically used in outdoor
applications for wiring and junction boxes. This style of enclosure provides
protection against windblown dust, falling rain, sleet, snow, and external ice
formation. Indoors they protect against dripping water. Note that this style of
enclosure has a gasket sealing surface. Some models have hasps for
padlocking. The Tigerbox™ NEMA 3 Enclosures are available with durable
gasket seals for both indoor and outdoor applications.

NEMA 3R
Same as NEMA 3 excluding protection against windblown dust.
NEMA 3R Enclosure
Definition: Intended for outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection
against falling rain and sleet; undamaged by ice which forms on the enclosure.
Applications: NEMA 3R electrical enclosures are typically used in outdoor
applications for wiring and junction boxes. This style of enclosure provides
protection against falling rain, sleet, snow, and external ice formation. Indoors
they protect against dripping water. Note that this style of enclosure does not
have a gasketed sealing surface. Some models have hasps for padlocking. The
Tigerbox™ NEMA 3 Enclosures are available with optional gasket seals for both
indoor and outdoor applications.

NEMA 3S
Enclosures constructed for either indoor or outdoor use to provide a degree of
protection to personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment;
to provide a degree of protection against falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, and
windblown dust; and in which the external mechanism(s) remain operable when
ice laden.

NEMA 4
Enclosures constructed for either indoor or outdoor use to provide a degree of
protection to personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment;
to provide a degree of protection against falling dirt, rain, sleet, snow, windblown
dust, splashing water, and hose-directed water; and that will be undamaged by
the external formation of ice on the enclosure.
NEMA 4 Enclosure
Definition:Intended for indoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against windblown dust and
rain, splashing water, and hose directed water; undamage by ice which forms on the enclosure.
Applications: NEMA 4 industrial enclosures are used in many applications for occasional washdown occurs
or where machine tool cutter coolant is used and sprayed. The Nema 4 enclosure also serve well in
applications where there is possibly dripping water in a building. NEMA 4 enclosures must have quality
seal gasket to prevent water ingress and the door is typically clamped for maximum sealing. Tigerbox™
Nema 4 are commonly have continuous hinges, mounting feet and sometimes padlock hasps. Tough
Tigerbox™ NEMA 4 enclosures are available in sizes from small wall mounts to two-door floor mount
enclosure models.

NEMA 4X
Same as NEMA 4 including protection against corrosion.
NEMA 4X Enclosure
Definition:Intended for indoor or outdoor use primarily to provide a degree of protection against corrosion,
windblown dust and rain, splashing water, and hose directed water; undamaged by ice which forms on the
enclosure.
Applications: NEMA 4X enclosures are typically made of stainless steel or plastic. These NEMA
enclosures are used in harsher environments than standard NEMA 4 units. Applications where corrosive
materials (for example saltwater) and caustic cleaners are used necessitate the use of a NEMA 4X
enclosure. A few examples are applications for sanitary poultry processing facilities (where total washdown
with disinfectants occur repeatedly), petro-chemical refineries and offshore drilling platforms for oil and
natural gas. NEMA 4X is used when protection from the worst environments is required. NEMA 4X
industrial enclosures are available in sizes from small wall mounts to two-door floor mount models. The
Tigerbox™ NEMA 4X enclosures are available in 304 & 316 stainless steel. Tough Tigerbox™ Nema 4X
enclosures are available with continuous hinges, mounting feet and sometimes padlock hasps. Tigerbox™
NEMA 4X enclosures are offered in sizes from small wall mounts to two-door floor mount enclosure
models. Also, stainless steel passivation for additional corrosion protection is available on request for all
the stainless steel products.

NEMA 5
Enclosures constructed for indoor use to provide a degree of protection to
personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment; to provide a
degree of protection against falling dirt; against settling airborne dust, lint, fibers,
and to provide a degree of protection against dripping and light splashing of
liquids.

NEMA 6
Enclosures constructed for either indoor or outdoor use to provide a degree of
protection to personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment;
to provide a degree of protection against falling dirt; against hose-directed water
and the entry of water during occasional temporary submersion at a limited
depth; and that will be undamaged by the external formation of ice on the
enclosure.
NEMA 6 Enclosure
Definition:Intended for indoor or outdoors which occasional temporary submersion is encountered.
Applications: NEMA 6 enclosures are typically made of carbon steel, stainless steel or plastic. These
NEMA 6 enclosures are used for any application to protect equipment from temporary submersion in water
but not any salt water, acidic fluids, oils or flammable. A few examples are applications for any heavy
washdown for cleaning or temporary submersion from rainwater but not prolonged. The Tough Tigerbox™
NEMA 6 enclosures are available in carbon steel, 304 & 316 stainless steel and available with continuous
hinges, mounting feet and sometimes special fittings for applications. Tigerbox™ NEMA 6 enclosures are
offered in sizes from small wall mounts to single-door medium size floor mount styles. Also, stainless steel
passivation for additional corrosion protection is available on request for all the stainless steel products.

NEMA 6P
Same as NEMA 6 including protection against the entry of water during
prolonged submersion at a limited depth.
NEMA 6p Enclosure
Definition:Intended for indoor or outdoors which occasional prolonged submersion is encountered.
Corrosion protection is required.
Applications: NEMA 6p enclosures are mostly made of 304/316 stainless steel for industrial applications
and sometimes plastic for inexpensive electronics. The NEMA 6 enclosures are used applications in
applications where more protection is needed and there might be water submersion. Applications where
corrosive materials (for example saltwater) and caustic cleaners are used necessitate the use of a NEMA 6
enclosure. Tough Tigerbox™ Nema 6p enclosures are available with special configurations that are unique
for each customer's applications. And the Tigerbox™ NEMA 6p enclosures are offered in sizes from small
wall mounts to two-door floor mount enclosure models. Also, stainless steel passivation for additional
corrosion protection is available on request for all the stainless steel products.

NEMA 7
Enclosures are for indoor use in locations classified as Class I, Groups A, B, C,
or D and shall be capable of withstanding the pressures resulting from an internal
explosion of specified gases, and contain such an explosion sufficiently that an
explosive gas-air mixture existing in the atmosphere surrounding the enclosure
will not be ignited. Enclosed heat generating devices shall not cause external
surfaces to reach temperatures capable of igniting explosive gas-air mixtures in
the surrounding atmosphere. Enclosures shall meet explosion, hydro-static, and
temperature design tests.
NEMA 7 Enclosure
Definition:Enclosures are for indoor use in locations classified as Class I, Groups A, B, C, or D and shall be
capable of withstanding the pressures resulting from an internal explosion of specified gases, and contain
such an explosion sufficiently that an explosive gas-air mixture existing in the atmosphere surrounding the
enclosure will not be ignited. Enclosed heat generating devices shall not cause external surfaces to reach
temperatures capable of igniting explosive gas-air mixtures in the surrounding atmosphere. Enclosures shall
meet explosion, hydro-static, and temperature design tests.
Applications: NEMA 7 enclosures are mostly made of heavy cast iron, cast stainless steel or cast
aluminum. The cover flange and the base flange are machined flat and even for a type surface fit. The
enclosures are typically used in facortories, chemical refineries or offshore drilling platforms.
NEMA 9
Enclosures are intended for indoor use in locations classified as Class II, Groups
E, F, or G, and shall be capable of preventing the entrance of dust. Enclosed
heat generating devices shall not cause external surfaces to reach temperatures
capable of igniting or discoloring dust on the enclosure or igniting dust-air
mixtures in the surrounding atmosphere. Enclosures shall meet dust penetration
and temperature design tests, and aging of gaskets (if used).
NEMA 9 Enclosure
Definition:Enclosures are intended for indoor use in locations classified as Class II, Groups E, F, or G, and
shall be capable of preventing the entrance of dust. Enclosed heat generating devices shall not cause
external surfaces to reach temperatures capable of igniting or discoloring dust on the enclosure or igniting
dust-air mixtures in the surrounding atmosphere. Enclosures shall meet dust penetration and temperature
design tests, and aging of gaskets (if used).
Applications:NEMA 7 enclosures are mostly made of heavy cast iron, cast stainless steel or cast aluminum.
The cover flange and the base flange are machined flat and even for a type surface fit. The enclosures are
typically used in facortories, chemical refineries, offshore drilling platforms or dusty environment.

NEMA 12
Enclosures constructed (without knockouts) for indoor use to provide a degree of
protection to personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment;
to provide a degree of protection against falling dirt; against circulating dust, lint,
fibers, and against dripping and light splashing of liquids.
NEMA 12 Enclosure
Definition:- Enclosures constructed (without knockouts) for indoor use to provide a degree of protection to
personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment; to provide a degree of protection against
falling dirt; against circulating dust, lint, fibers, and against dripping and light splashing of liquids.
NEMA 12 enclosures are designed to prevent the ingress of dust, water, and oil. NEMA 12 enclosures are
most often used for indoor applications of automation control and electronic drives systems. Some
examples are packaging, material handling, non-corrosive process control, and manufacturing applications.
Gasketed doors seal the enclosure's contents from airborne contaminants and non-pressurized water and oil.
These NEMA enclosures are available in sizes from small wall mounts to two-door floor mount models

NEMA 12K
Same as NEMA 12 including enclosures constructed with knockouts.

NEMA 13
Enclosures constructed for indoor use to provide a degree of protection to
personnel against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment; to provide a
degree of protection against falling dirt; against circulating dust, lint, fibers, and
against the spraying, splashing, and seepage of water, oil, and non-corrosive
coolants.
Notes for NEMA 4 & 12 Enclosures
Nemaco's “412” enclosures combine the attributes of NEMA 4 and NEMA 12 in an
attractive, clean line enclosure. This enclosure features reversible doors for left or right
opening, concealed hinges or removable hinges available and mounting feet are available
for conventional wall mounting. Sometimes rear mounting holes with seals are available
for a more attractive installation. Nemaco's enclosures are available from small sizes to
large buildings.

Other Technical Information Available


In the other specialized technical reference sections there are descriptions of the each
type of NEMA Enclosures and there is detailed information for the NEMA type ratings &
defintions. Nemaco provides some samples of the NEMA type enclosures in the the other
sections. Also, the other technical sections provide many internal and external photos of
the enclosures. Of course you can call Nemaco for additional information for any of
Nemaco's Tigerbox products or any of the NEMA type enclosures, cabinets or boxes.

3.SISTEMAS CONTRA INCENDIOS.


ASME section VIII unfired pressure vessel code.
NFPA 2001 standart on clean agent fire extinguishing systems.
NFPA70
NFPA72E Automatic fire detector
FM200 concentracion 6.25% al 7% debe ser rapido max 20s.
Recipientes deben estar dentro del area protegida

4. CORTOCIRCUITOS
I=S/(raiz(3)*VL)
I*1.6=kA asimetricos rms.
I*2.7=kA.asimetricos pico.
Luego para comparar contra los eqvipos se usa un factor de proteccion de un 20% apro
ximadamente

1.METALCLADThis means complete enclosure of all live parts and separation of major
portions of the circuit to retard the spread of faults to others compartments.

2.GENERADORES.
rpm=7200/n.polos (60hz)
g.electrico=g.geometrico*npolos/2
.

STANDBY RATING
Typical Load Factor: 60% or lees
Typical hours per year: 500h
Typical peak demand: 80% of standby rated ekW with 100% of rating available for the duration
of an emergency outage
Typical application: building services standby and enclosed/sheltered enviroment.
PRIME RATING
Typical Load Factor: 60% to 70%
Typical hours per year: no limit
Typical peak demand: 100% of rating used ocationali
Typical application: industrial pumping construction peak shaving or cogeneration.
CONTINUOUS RATING
Typical Load Factor: 70% to 100%
Typical hours per year: no limit
Typical peak demand: 80% of standby rated ekW with 100% of rating available for the duration
of an emergency outage
Typical application: base load utility, cogeneration, parallel operation.
ISO 8528-1
CONTINUOS OPERATING POWER
is the power a generator set can operate at a continuous load for an unlimited number of hours
under stated ambient conditions
PRIME RUNING POWER
is the maximun power a generation set has during a variable power sequence for an unlimited
numbers of hours under stated ambient conditions.
LIMITED TIME RUNNING POWER
ls the maximun power that a generator set delivers for up to 500h per year under stated ambient
conditions.

You might also like