Invention Journal of Research Technology in Engineering & Management (IJRTEM)

ISSN: 2455-3689
www.ijrtem.com Volume 1 Issue 5 ǁ July. 2016 ǁ PP 55-63

Survey: Investigating the Embodiment Roles of Smart Phones as A Modern

Technology Available in Every Pocket, and Briefcase for an Effective
Organization
Nader Muhammad saleh aljawarneh
1
(Business Management, / Girne American University,Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (TRNC))

Abstract : Mobile devices in this modern generation such as cell phones has become the most used instrument in the people’s daily
activities including browsing Internet and sending e-mails. In this work, the mobile technology is suggested to help the higher
educational students, studies, check their emails, self-testing themselves, following news, search for jobs, the help of new learning
environment to learn course subjects easily, collaborative learning opportunity, and remaindering the learning activities
automatically (Business, Homework and announcement, exam, self-test, chat, etc.). This application will also have the ability to
send a voice call to their teachers and attend conferences through internet, even by video calls. Basically, some methods have been
suggested to settle this application according to the available new technology. The preliminary outcomes of the conducted
experiment demonstrated the possibility of applying mobile devices within the various help of the businessmen, leaderships, and
students in their private works or their business life. In this work, a survey is prepared as two forms, one for personnel information
and the second for the use and benefits of using smart phones in business life.

Keywords: Smart Phone, Strategic, Planning, Knowledge, Leadership, Manager

I. Introduction
Background : This section depicts the changing around the worldwide business scene and demonstrates the pertinence of strategic
leadership rehearses in this work. Also, a percentage of the difficulties confronting Ekin Adademir (EA) Company LTD at the
Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (TRNC) will be portrayed. Lastly the risky way of the absence of organizational behavior practices
in EA association will be outlined.

Statement of Research Problem : Previous and also recent research studies make that clear that there are an elevated external and
internal doubt due to rising possibilities as well as risks, not enough the actual awareness of needs as well as the actual facilities
related problems, environment, and insufficient works. Many organizations spend most time realizing and re-acting to unpredicted
changes and difficulties as opposed to anticipating and get ready for them. This is what called turmoil supervision. Businesses
caught off guard might devote significant amounts of time, money, and effort playing get caught up. They will use upward their
vitality coping with instant issues with tiny vitality still left to anticipate and prepare for the following issues. This kind of vicious
loop tresses many businesses into a reactive position. This research examine is to assess the impact associated with embodiment roles
of Smart Phones as a Modern technology available in every pocket, and briefcase for an effective organization, which with the future
enhances organizational survival.

II. Objectives of the study

The general Objective : The general objective of this study is to investigate impact associated with embodiment roles of Smart
Phones as a Modern technology available in every pocket, and briefcase for an effective organization, special case the Ekin
Adademir (EA) Company LTD at the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (TRNC).

Specific objectives
 To establish the need of organizational behavior in the organization.
 To establish the performance of the selected organization that uses smart phones and modern technology beside strategic thinking
and planning as compared to the ones they are not using.
 Identifying the challenges that faced by the selected organization as a new organization practicing strategical thinking and
planning beside the use of smart phones as a new technology.
 Establishing the factors for the use of smart phones and tablets as a new technology within the strategic thinking and planning, as
much as how these factors affect the performance of the selected organization.

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Research Questions :In this study, mainly five questions were asked, the major question was “what is the impact factor of the
strategic thinking and planning on organizational performance and survival, the rest of the questions were,
 What is the need for smart phones in an organization?
 What is the performance of organizations that uses smart phones as opposed to those that do not use it?
 What are the challenges faced by the organization which practice motivation in the work?
 What factors are essential for effective strategic thinking and planning and how do they affect the overall organizational
performance?

Significance of the Study : In this section, the findings of this study are predictable to help multi-groups of people as much as the
selected organization:

Researcher : This study will give the ability to the researcher to achieve a PHD diploma in Business Management. Moreover, it is
the first requirement for the partial fulfillment of this diploma in Business Management. Finally, the researcher will understand the
effects of organizational behavior and how it can impact on the organizational performance.

Participating Organization : In this part, if the selected organization of this study can be considered by the management of
participating companies, this will lead this organization to act as the resource material in order to refer when formulating
organizational behavior including strategic thinking and planning. Finally, the selected organization can learn and improve the
areas of gaps where weaknesses are detected. Moreover, the selected organization will be the source of knowledge, as much as it will
be used by leaderships as a guide for implementing organizational behavior by supporting the employees with smart phones and brief
cases.
Other Researchers : For future researchers who are interested in this area can use this work as a reference in order to increase the
performance of his/her organization, beside strategical thinking and planning item, the motivational item which is considered as the
main item to increase the performance and change the way of the organization to the success.

To Ekin Adademir (EA) Company LTD : This work will be as a reference in the EA and a helpful material for competitors and in
the market, as much as increasing the level of the complete country when a motivated work exists in all organizations.

Scholars : As finally, this study will be a benefit scholars and experience in the markets, success, fully activated organization, and in
filling the gaps in the country which yields an increase in the country‟s economy as a complete study in the impact factors of
supporting smart phones and briefcases to the employees within an organizational behavior on the performance of an organization.

Limitation of the Study : According to this study, the researcher targeted leaderships, directors, managers and secretaries of the
selected organization, there was something called bias on the provided information, so that they tried to respond positively on the
study‟s questions. Moreover, the serial managers were frumps with relevant information.

Scope of the Study : This work which is entitled “the impact associated with embodiment roles of Smart Phones as a Modern
technology available in every pocket, and briefcase for an effective organization” aimed to report as a survey research in order to
identify the roles which played in the performance of an organization to improve and increase the level of it to a higher situation.
Furthermore, limited research has thus far been conducted exactly on the impact of the use of smart phones on the organization
behavior and its impact on performance of the business organization in the EA at the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus (TRNC).
Moreover, according to the gap that culminated, this work aims to answer the research question: “What is the impact associated with
embodiment roles of Smart Phones as a Modern technology available in every pocket, and briefcase for an effective organization”?

III. Research Methodology

Knowledge Production : In the current study, an innovation, respectively knowledge, and production function are used. Important
and basic assumption is that the results of the several inputs which are linked research and ongoing knowledge are presented as the
output of the innovation process (Kirsimarja et al., 2010). Augment this operate together with much more advices just like enterprise
qualities, company sources and organizational abilities to consider different paths by which information may influence the actual
organizations advancement routines into account. Additionally, venture techniques is included within the knowledge manufacturing
function, supplying initial insights of the relationship in between venture program ownership as well as the organizations
innovational action. In summary, the actual possibility that the company can create both item or even procedure innovations is
offered through (Kohlbacher, 2009).

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 Survey: Investigating the Embodiment Roles…

(1)

Where, is the ith organization‟s product or innovation process,

expected characteristics for innovations activities,
control dummies in the industry,
enterprise system used in the organization, and
Standard error

Innovations : Equation (1) expresses the extent enterprise system for innovation tendency, in this section, in order to detect the
importance and impacts of enterprise systems multi innovations belong to the same organization. Intensity process can be written as
in Equation (2).
(2)

Where, is the unhidden inherent variable for more than one organization‟s processes,
set of expected determinants that affects the number of innovations, the rest of variable are same as Equation (1),
enterprise system, and
standard error.

Estimation Process : Considering Equations (1) and (2) with maximum probabilities, rely information techniques must be
employed for inference since the advancement depth will be measured through the amount of recognized improvements within this
examine. Generally speaking, this kind of two-part model suffers from A range tendency as good info might be available for leaders
just. In general, examine however, this choice does not happen because the questionnaire features the right development issue for
each and every questioned firm at the end of the list of questions and possesses absolutely no distinctive questions with regard to
innovators only (Mezghanni, 2010). This constellation leads to a so named nook remedy, featuring a potentially big proportion
associated with zeros in the quantity of improvements. These 0's might occur for several reasons. Generally speaking, considering
both hurdle and inflated models that clearly allowing for different treatments for the zeros and positive outputs.
The stumbling block or the multi part model, the zeros are calculated by using the density function , so that

and (3)

In order to calculate the positive count which is obtained by the truncated density as

(4)

In order to ensure that the summation of the probabilities gives one, multiply Equation (4) by .

Quelling repressors in order to simplify, then the density of the stumbling block is expressed as

(5)

This stumbling block model is represented by the reflection of two stages of decision making process, each one as a model with its
own decision. These two cases are independent on each other. Therefore, the actual difficulty model could be believed by way of
maximum possibility simply by separately maximizing two conditions, one related to the 0's and also the additional one to the actual
advantages. The beginning uses the full sample; the second part utilizes only the positive depend findings.
Here appears that the zero inflated system is completely differs from the other model with , assuming that
for all . Where, in the other system the zero inflated combines directly with , with density . in the case of zero value for
the binary process and a probability of , then the result y is also zero. While, the case when binary process gets value of one
with probability , then the result y takes value in ascending order starting from zero from the count density . This yields
that the value zero takes place in both models, the density of the zero inflated model is represented as

(6)

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 Survey: Investigating the Embodiment Roles…

Since the zero-inflated design enables a couple of different types of 0's, it is expected to function as more sensible choice regarding
inference in the present analysis. Nevertheless, any Voong analyze is used in the following to recognize whether or not the hurdle or
perhaps the zero-inflated product is suitable in the given set up. represents the probability, this can be constant or can be
parameterized inside the binomial model as logit or even probit. While considering the second part, which can be based on Poisson
or even the negative part of binomial distribution.

IV. Related Work

Introduction : Nowadays most of approaches of strategical thinking are exist, the strategical thinking was deposited to the historical
literature. Its well-known that the definition of any business environment as complex or nonlinear, discontinuous and variation
development, the flux of samples and competition without the gamut and these features undermines the accuracy of prediction of the
future environment greatly (Vaez et al., 2015).
While researchers considered the elements needed in the leadership in order to transform the strategic target into real throughout
his/her organization to be in a higher level as (Dinwoodie et al., 2014):
1. To identify the basic drivers of hierarchical achievement
2. To shape a society that gives the conditions to people to perform
3. To create a solid and manageable ability pipeline
4. To evolve the authoritative outline to best bolster execution on the business technique
After some time, the leader's ability is in this way formed by the top group's quality and also with the capacities of the full
association (Serfontein et al., 2011).
These can either give significant backing to the progressions a leader needs to roll out or render those improvements conceivable.
Subsequently the best leaders pay a lot of regard for the configuration of the components around them. They verbalize a clear feeling
of reason, make compelling administration groups, needs and arrangement their drives precisely, overhaul association structures to
make great execution less demanding and in particular, incorporate every one of these strategies into one sound system (Klein er,
2009). This configuration of key initiative is subsequently an incorporated gathering of practices that assemble an association's
ability for change and capacity to perform. To create and keep up this limit, four basic components should be incorporated together:
the dedication to the association's motivation, the cosmetics of the top administration group, the abilities and inspiration of
individuals all through the association and an arrangement of well-picked key activities that can take the association forward
(Worley et al., 2010).
Literature Review : All studies around the effects of the market disorder and technological changes on strategic thinking and the
impact of the performance was studies as:
Lafley and Martin (2013) characterized strategy as an incorporated arrangement of decisions that extraordinarily positions the firm
in its industry in order to make feasible point of interest and better esteem relative than the opposition. Additionally, examined how
leaders in some cases approach system through ineffectual perspectives, for example, comparing methodology to vision or to an
arrangement.
Vaez et al., (2015) prepared a survey study by gathering the documents and the structural equation, also used the equations model in
order to perform the deductive analysis for testing the hypothesis. Moreover, the author proved that the market disorder and the
changes in the technology have the direct and considerable effects on the strategic thinking. Finally, stated that these changes need
important steps in order to manage them, as much as preparing the background in order to strengthen the strategic thinking.
Rahnama et al., (2015) conducted a study in order to identify the factors which affect the strategic thinking. Also gathered the data
through questionnaire about Shiraz municipality. As much as, proved that the market disorder and the changing in the technology
enhance the thinking at any organizational level.

Dehgahi et al., (2015) identified the main components of the strategic thinking which affect the decision-making process, as much as
investigated their roles in order to improve the process for managers. Moreover, obtained a result that strategic thinking positively
affects the decision-making operation.Nazemi et al., (2015) investigated the demonstrating wish in huge scale shapes. Additionally,
distinguished the fundamental wellsprings of the instability in the present recreation because of the restrictions in information to
host expansive scale models and also proliferation of different predispositions over the coordinated demonstrating framework.
Ferreira et al., (2015) expected to comprehend the truth of social administration associations, the level of execution of vital
arranging and additionally the effect of its application on hierarchical viability. Key arranging is one of such a significant key
administration instrument and one of its principle targets is to make associations more viable. In this way, the exploration has been
directed so as to figure out whether key arranging is executed in social administration associations and what impacts has its
application had on authoritative viability. At last, presumed that the selection of vital arranging affects hierarchical adequacy of
social administration associations.

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Employee Motivation and the Benefits to an Organization : Nowadays, the mensuration of any organization is calculated by
keeping the employees. Without knowledgeable, dedicated, and also inspired workers, a company can't perform correctly or perhaps
work efficiently being as effective since it could be. There are various factors to consider using the total achievement of your
business, for example; running charges, marketing and advertising, the particular economic climate, advertising, and also primarily
the workers. Although the costs regarding workers are part of the working expenses, it is probably the leading expenditures in which
keeps rising, as well as there are lots of factors included like; salaries, additional bonuses, coaching, type of pension, healthcare,
pension, and many other connected costs. Everything begins with the actual hiring process and also finding the best feasible
employees for the job. Nevertheless, also agencies in which hire The best employees can have difficulties when they are not properly
inspired, content, and also cared for. Since it just about all begins with hiring employees that are best suited to the kind of perform
and also can handle contributing to the achievements the company, it is crucial to possess some type of official job description for
standards during the candidate selection process.

The purpose of virtually any firm throughout the hiring process is always to entice individuals that are one of the most certified for
your positions that are available. Before an organization starts meeting with possible individuals for a particular job, you need to
evaluate the requirements with the placement, and also the diverse jobs involved. Through studying these needs, a suitable
conventional job outline can be produced to create the actual hiring process more successful by concentrating on those who find
themselves more qualified in order to load the positions that are available. Then after a period of 12 months every employee is given
a yearly analysis. These kinds of worker tests are employed to examine as well as examine each employee's performance to aid the
business determine the quantity of the spend improve, if further coaching is necessary, or even in the event the staff will move
forward in the business.

An appraisal from the employee's performance is very important to both the business as well as the staff and it is utilized to; fairly
examine efficiency, encourage workers, assistance with management choices, and improve efficiency. When appraising a good
employee's performance there are two diverse techniques that can be used which include; goal overall performance actions, as well as
summary overall performance steps. The aim efficiency is utilized to be able to look at the efficiency of a worker based on
information which can be found in the corporation's information. The two kinds of data that are typically obtained tend to be
production measures and staff actions. Depending on the type of business, manufacturing measures range from; revenue amount,
number of errors, or quantity of units made. The actual personnel measures contain; absenteeism, tardiness, conduct concerns, basic
safety actions, or perhaps thievery. Both these actions are generally rated based on the quality associated with performance. A
summary overall performance determine depends on human judgment, and it is typically examined through the manager or perhaps
boss. In lessening bias, the evaluator angles the actual score simply by observing the behavior of the employee and just how this
relates to their job performance. Together with very subjective performance steps there are many different methods you can use just
like; composed narratives, get ranking ordering, paired comparison, pressured submission, graphic rating size, behaviorally
anchored score scale, as well as behavior statement scale. Summarizing the benefits of supporting smart phones for employees as a
motivation, the list of benefits is tabulated in Table 1.

Table 1: List of Benefits that can be Gained Through Supporting Smart Phones for Employees as a Motivation

1. Focusing on important items as time, talent, and money. 2. Proving the awareness of changing the environment as foundation
3. Analyzing the internal business and evaluating its performance. 4. Recognizing the impacts which change the business environment.
5. Aware of the organization and its potentials as strengths and weaknesses. 6. Identification and analysis of the available opportunities and
potential threats.
7. Bringing strategic issues to its top management. 8. Setting more than one set of realistic objectives.
9. Better and faster communication. 10. Detecting employee‟s position for support process if he/she
requires.
11. Improving the level and performance of the organization. 12. Identification or may be vanishing weaknesses and delay of goods
process.
13. Controlling problems. 14. Better communication with other employees.

1.8 Data Collection : The researcher requested a permission from his adviser in order to write, taking permission to go to the
selected organization, and distribute the questionnaires. The questionnaires were submitted to the selected organization and given a
period of one week to fill and answer the questions because the selected organization is considered the biggest one at the TRNC, so
that the number of employees exceed the 300 employee and more than 57 departments, then collected and the researcher did the
required calculations, then tabulated them. Structured and unstructured forms were used in the questionnaires.

Data Analysis : Qualitative and quantitative analysis were used in order to analyze both kinds of questionnaires and the personal
interviews.
Presentation of Findings : Response rate, Table 2 presents the response rate as

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Table 2: Response Rate

Issued Questionnaires Filled questionnaires Percentage
173 132 76.30057 %

Analysis and Findings : In this section, the percentage of the response for the questionnaires was considered as normal, so that it
met the expectations of the researcher, as much as it was assumed to access the challenging top organization‟s owner, presidents,
leaderships, human resource managers, and directors. Moreover, the researcher was satisfied from the obtained result 76.30057 %.
Even though, some persons were not available in the organization according to their work, so that they fill their cars before one night
of their work day and go direct from their houses to their planned work, some employees left some questions empty.

1.11.3 Interviews : Table 3 presents the response rate of the interview, where the interview was conducted beside the questionnaires
in order to assist some of the respondents for their English as the main language was the Turkish language.
Table 3: Response Rate

Accessed Respondents Benefited Respondents Percentage

132 81 61.3636%

Analysis and Findings : In this section, the response rate was comparatively higher in comparison with the questionnaires, this
result due to the main language in the selected organization was the Turkish language as firstly, secondly, the selected organization
is completely a marketing company, so that its income depends on the marketing employees and then to the drivers in order to
support markets with the required goods, for this reason, the directors, leaders, and the owner were interested to have like this
interview.

Need of Motivation for Employees : In this item, the need of motivation (Smart phones and briefcases) in the selected organization
which depends on the training level for each member. The obtained results are tabulated in Table 4, and shown in Figure 1.
Table 4: Needs of Motivation

Need level of Motivation Respondents Percentage

Strongly Agree 115 87.1212 %
Agree 6 4.545 %
Strongly Disagree 4 0
Disagree 0 0
Non 7 5.303 %

Figure 1: Needs of Motivation

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Encountered Challenges by the Selected Organization :The challenges of the motivation process by supporting employees with
smart phones and briefcases process in the selected organization are tabulated in Table 5 and the obtained results are shown in
Figure 2.
Table 5: Effective Motivation
Item Respondent Percentage
Unidentified Goals 7 5.30303 %
Culture 23 17.4242 %
Inappropriate Culture 2 1.51515 %
Inadequate leadership by department managers 25 19.9393%
Information system used for motivation process 7 5.30303 %
Insufficient resources for execution process 18 13.6363 %
Ownership feeling‟s leakage 20 15.1515 %
Given training and instructions 30 22.7272 %

Analysis and Findings : From the Table 5 above, it is apparent that all the actual stated obstacles were influencing effective
motivation pondering as well as preparing within a business. Many respondents admitted which inadequate authority and emotions
of lack of possession on the part of department managers and employees respectively as a major burden in order to efficient ideal
considering in an organization. Also influencing effective motivation is lack of concerning employees in forming methods as this
makes them believe that the particular methods already been formulated are usually strange in their mind consequently requirement
for opposition which usually affects the ideal organizing in an organization. Moreover, some of the employees disagreed with this
motivation process giving reasons as: Some employees explained that they have not the enough money according to the expense of
life here at the TRNC and they cannot support the bills of smart phones, so that they disagreed. Some employees replied that this
kind of motivation is not fear, so that if there is another kind of motivation, then it will be more suitable for them as an increase in
their salaries with little percentage. While some employees replied that if this motivation including the payments of the phone bills
and if possible to take these phones to their houses, then it will be better for them.

Figure 2: Effective Motivation

Effective of motivational on the Essential Factors

Table 6 shows the effective factors that are mainly necessary for the effective motivational in the selected organization.

Table 6: Effective Factors for the Motivational Work

Items Respondents Percentage
Organizational Structure 34 25.7575
Effective communication 33 25

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Figure 3: Effective Factors for the Motivational Work

V. Summary
The researcher wanted to understand the need for motivational process in an organization, as much as the effects of supportin g smart
phones and brief cases to the employees on the performance of the organization, and all respondents felt there was a need for these
smart phones in an organization in order to achieve corporate organizational goals. From the findings it was also evident that
effective motivational support provides unity of purpose for all employees to steer towards achieving organizational objectives.
According to the findings, the performance of the selected organization which applies motivational process had higher chance of
expanding its existence in the market, so that there are so many competitors at the TRNC, it shares a financial stability. The study
findings indicate that one of the major challenges for motivational work specially the un-financial processes is inadequate leadership
and direction by departmental managers. Since department managers are responsible in formulating and implementing short term
plans.

VI. Conclusion
From the findings, the study carried out the actual investigator concludes in which strategic thinking is to support the motivational
process a crucial device which should not be assumed. An organization which usually has to excel need to utilize motivational
process to gain competing edge on competitors. Motivational process is applicable to all or any organizations no matter their
particular dimensions and also scope of functions. The control over the actual businesses need to set up the need for proper thinking
and also planning in their respective businesses as well as motivational works to formulate policies and finances in order to achieve
organizational goals. Simply by creating the requirement of motivations, the particular administration may with each other work at
achieving the company objectives from the organization.

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