Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Materials needed:
1. Converting cellulose to glucose units via hydrolysis and the sugars produced from
the hydrolysis process can then be converted to ethanol by.
Pre-treatments are normally applied to separate the mixed polymers of lignin, hemicellulose
and cellulose to provide the sugars needed for the hydrolysis and the fermentation processes. The basic
steps involved in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol are shown in Fig 1.
Sugar/ Molasses
Banana Peel Cellulose Ensilled w/ Molasses
Ensilled W/o Molasses
(Pretreatment) (Hydrolysis)
(Pretreatment)
Animal
Ethanol Distillation
faeces
PRETREATMENT
HYDROLYSIS
The aim of hydrolysis is to further degrade the polysaccharides present in the pretreated
lignocellulosic biomass of banana waste into monosaccharides subunits. The monosaccharides that
will be produced upon hydrolysis will enhance the fermentation process by S. cerevisiae.
After a week, we extracted the hydrolysate. Active dry yeast is added (2%, 3% and 4% of 200 ml
hydrolysate). Leave for a week.
FERMENTATION
DISTILLATION
It is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by selective
boiling and condensation. Two liquids with different boiling points can be separated. The mixture is
heated in a flask. Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water so it evaporates first. The ethanol vapour
is then cooled and condensed inside the condenser to form a pure liquid. The thermometer shows the
boiling point of the pure ethanol liquid. When all the ethanol has evaporated from the solution, the
temperature rises and the water evaporates.