Contents

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 3
Company Name : .............................................................................................................................. 3
Products............................................................................................................................................. 3
History............................................................................................................................................... 3
Training and Development ....................................................................................................................... 3
Benefits of training and development for the employer .................................................................... 4
Benefits of training and development for the employee ................................................................... 4
Recruitment and selection ......................................................................................................................... 5
Benefits of recruitment and selection for the employer .................................................................... 5
Benefits of recruitment and selection for the employee .................................................................... 5
Reward management ................................................................................................................................. 6
Benefits of reward management for the employer ............................................................................ 6
Benefits of reward management for the employee ........................................................................... 6
Performance management ......................................................................................................................... 7
Benefits of performance management for the employer ................................................................... 7
Benefits of performance management for the employee .................................................................. 7
Flexible organization ................................................................................................................................ 8
Benefits of flexible organization for the employer ........................................................................... 8
Benefits of flexible organization for the employee ........................................................................... 8
Different HRM practices in term of raising profit and productivity.......................................................... 9
Training and development ................................................................................................................ 9
Recruitment and selection ................................................................................................................. 9
Reward management ....................................................................................................................... 10
Performance management ............................................................................................................... 11
Flexible organization ...................................................................................................................... 11
Different methods used in HRM practices within an organizational context......................................... 12
Different methods used in Training and development .................................................................... 12
Different methods used in Recruitment and selection .................................................................... 12
Different methods used in Reward management ............................................................................ 13
 Different methods used in performance management .................................................................... 13
Different methods used in Flexible organization ............................................................................ 14
HRM practices and application within an organization .......................................................................... 14
Training and development .............................................................................................................. 14
Recruitment and selection ............................................................................................................... 15
Reward management ....................................................................................................................... 15
Performance management ............................................................................................................... 16
Flexible organization ....................................................................................................................... 17
The application of HRM practices .............................................................................................................. 17
Training and development .................................................................................................................. 17
Recruitment and selection ................................................................................................................... 19
Reward management ........................................................................................................................... 20
Performance management ................................................................................................................... 21
Flexible management .......................................................................................................................... 22
Reasons for the application of specific HRM practices .............................................................................. 23
Training and development .................................................................................................................. 23
Recruitment and selection ................................................................................................................... 24
Reward management ........................................................................................................................... 25
Performance management ................................................................................................................... 26
Flexibility management....................................................................................................................... 27
References ................................................................................................................................................... 27
INTRODUCTION

 Company Name :
Maam Biscuits Lanka (PVT) Ltd.

 Products :
Biscuits and Cookies

 History :

The orient Lanka confectionery (PVT) Ltd was established in the year 2000 for the purpose of
manufacturing high quality biscuits and cookies in multiple flavors and designs under the brand
name of “MAAM”. Our factory is located in the hill capital, Kandy. Maam manufacture all
varieties of biscuits which are popular around the globe, including Soft Dough, Hard Dough &
Cookies. Furthermore, Maam ‘Vision’ to be innovative to introduce new taste to the market.
They started to export their goods to major parts of the world since 2005 and are now catering
for customers in many countries. Locally, Maam Company already have a well established island
wide distribution network.

 Training and Development

 Training: The systematic application of formal processes to impart knowledge and help
people to acquire the skills necessary for them to perform their jobs satisfactorily.
(Armstrong, M. and Taylor, s (2014))

 Development: The growth or realization of a person’s ability and potential through the
provision of learning and educational experiences. (Armstrong, M. and Taylor, s (2014)).
 Benefits of training and development for the employer

1. Less turn over: In Maam Company, training and development creates a feeling of
confidence in the minds of the employees. It gives them a security at the work place then
the turnover will be reduced.

2. Increase talent employees: In Maam Company by training and development helps to

increase talented employees to the company, when someone unexpectedly leaves the
company or they accept a transfer or a promotion, to fill that gap we can use those well
train talented employees for that job.

3. Team spirit: In Maam Company, training and development helps to increase the team
work. Then the company will make the environment to work together towards their staff.
And reduce conflict among the employees.

4. Less supervision: Because of the well trained employees when they doing the task
correctly, then the less supervision are there. Its helps to achieve the company goals.

 Benefits of training and development for the employee

1. Increased productivity: Training and development improves efficiency and productivity

of employees in Maam Company. Day by day they live with modern technology well
trained employees show up quality performance.

2. Increase skill development: Training and development will helps to increase the job
knowledge and skills of employees in Maam. By this, they build up their personality and
also achieve their task in an efficiently and effectively.

3. Less mistakes: Most of the mistakes occur because of many employees lack the desired
knowledge and skills for the particular job. In Maam by Training and development
ensures that employees get a good knowledge and skills. So more trained employees will
do less mistakes.

4. Job satisfaction: Training and development makes the employees happy. They get some
morale to achieve their tasks and duties in the organization. Then the Maam goals will
achieved automatically.
 Recruitment and selection

 Recruitment: Recruitment is the process of finding and engaging the people the
organization needs.

 Selection: Selection is that part of the recruitment process concerned with deciding which
applicants or candidates should be appointed to jobs.

 Benefits of recruitment and selection for the employer

1. Less turn over: When Maam Company is recruiting quality candidates with a proper way
the results are will; be less turn over. While the recruitment process is running those
candidates get to know about the background of the company. So then there will be less
turn over’s. It is a benefit for the Maam.

2. Brings new and innovative ideas: When the Maam Company recruiting external
candidates it helps to brings new and innovative ideas to the Maam Company. Through
this we can increase Maam productivity and also the profitability.

3. Reduce recruiting costs: When the Maam Company choosing the right person for the
right position, it helps to reduce the company recruiting costs. Recruiting and selecting
when doing in a proper way, then the company image will be getting high.

 Benefits of recruitment and selection for the employee

1. Increases the candidates’: It is a great opportunity to the employee, to get to know his
knowledge, ability and the skill level by recruitment and selection process. In the
recruitment process, it increases the candidates’ quality.

2. Increase the team spirit: Team spirit will be in a high position. Because the one who
joining to the Maam to full fill the managers post, he or she has 4 to 5 years experience in
a different company. Then the confidence will be increases to work as a team with his or
her staff.

3. Motivated employees: In Maam, while the selecting process is running the candidate gets
to know about background of the company. After the selection process he or she will
motivated to work and do their work efficiently.
 Reward management

 Reward management, defined as the process of deciding how people should be rewarded
and of ensuring that reward policies and practices are implemented. (Armstrong, M. and
Taylor, s (2014)).

 Benefits of reward management for the employer

1. Increase Productivity: In Maam Company, if efforts are likely to be rewarded then that
employee will work harder to increase the productivity.

2. Loyalty: When rewarding for their hard work, then it will generates loyalty and team
work among employees.

3. Retention: By rewarding to employees the company can reduce the turnovers. The
rewarding system gives employees a reason to stay.

 Benefits of reward management for the employee

1. Increase Employee happiness: Motivated employee can perform better because they have
a positive feeling towards the company. If the company treats his or her staff with respect
and gives rewards to staff, then they will do a great job with a happy working
environment.

2. Job satisfaction: Recognizing an employee’s efforts prove that the job they are doing is
valuable to the company and for the hard work company will rewarding them. This
makes the company feel that they are making a difference towards their employees.

3. Increase Employee performance: This rewarding system will directly effect to the
employee performance and this rewarding system will increase the performance of each
and every employee in the company.
 Performance management

 Performance management is a continuous process of identifying measuring and

developing the performance with the strategic goals of the organization. (Armstrong, M.
and Taylor, s (2014)).

 Benefits of performance management for the employer

1. Retention: In Maam, highly motivated employees are likely to be more loyal, as well, so
that management will have better success retaining valuable employees. Even as the
Maam workforce become change to a good way.

2. Increase morale: In Maam by the performance management morale will improve making
the workplace pleasant and output per hour worked will increase, cutting labor costs.

3. Save time and reduce conflict: By performance management the Maam Company knows
his or her skill and knowledge level. Save time, reduce conflicts among the staff ensures
efficiency and consistency in performance. And major thing is the company has the
confidence over their staff. And also the contribution for Maam Company is high. The
employees of Maam facilitating an effective communication throughout the Company.

 Benefits of performance management for the employee

1. Improve their communication ability: In Maam By performance management for an

employee, its helps to work together with their staff and can improve their
communication ability.

2. Improved performance: In Maam Clarifies the job accountabilities because of that, the
turnovers will be reduced clarifies expectations of the employees improved performance
of each and every employee. Throughout this performance management Maam Company
maximize employee’s career growth.

3. Motivated employee: In Maam, performance management will motivate the employees.

Through this performance appraisal he or she gets to know the strengths and weaknesses.
And they are giving a feedback of each employee. Then the employees get motivated.
 Flexible organization

Flexible organization is how quickly the work forces are able to adjust with the changes and
fluctuations of demands and supply of industry.

 Benefits of flexible organization for the employer

1. Increase employee morale: By flexible work schedules increased employee morale

engagement and commitment to the Maam. Employees get overall outlook, attitude,
satisfaction and confidence that employees feel at work by flexible schedules. When the
employees are positive about their work environment and believe that they can meet their
important career.

2. Reduce absenteeism: In Maam flexible work schedule will reduce absenteeism. When the
organization gives their employees a flexible working schedule they come on time to the
work place and work harder to achieve the Maam goals.

3. Reduce turnovers: In Maam reduce turnovers of valued staff because of the flexible work
schedules. Employees enjoy their work and allow employees to work whenever they can.
Then they develop their image as a reputed company.

 Benefits of flexible organization for the employee

1. Job satisfaction: By flexible working schedule they can do their day to day work in a
flexible way. Such as they can live with their family, personal matters and
responsibilities, they can do these things by working in a flexible environment. This will
makes the employee enjoy their day to day work.

2. Avoid stress: In Maam Avoids stress and also they enjoy work. Flexibility work schedule
employees can take a break when they need. And also they never mix up with their
personal life and the work life.

3. Increase the team spirit: In Maam flexible work schedule will increase the team work.
When the morale is high then the engagement of employees will be high. When the team
spirit is increasing the employees will work harder to increase the output.
 Different HRM practices in term of raising profit and productivity

 Training and development

 Profit: Training and developing Maam company’s staff, is a great way to achieve Maam
goals and objectives through their staff members and specially, can be used to cut cost
and increase the company profit. By training and developing employees and managers
the more contributions and great management make changes that increase efficiencies.
That means his or her team can do their work together, quickly and effectively. When the
Maam Company’s staff runs like this way the Maam profit will automatically increase.
When an employee leaves the company it is a huge cost for the company and it’s not
good for the company name as well. To reduce employee turnovers they must train and
develop them. So its helps reduce costs and will increase the profitability.

 Productivity: Maam Company’s quality and quantity will increased the range of products
produced through training and developing employee’s skill level and knowledge, they
have ability and determination to increase the productivity. In Maam they training their
staff by individually so it helps to get increase their productivity. Training employees in
first three months of employment have a huge improvement on his or her first two years
of their employment. Training and development increase workers motivation and
satisfaction through this they can promote better productivity.

 Recruitment and selection

 Profit: In Maam, employees are the most important thing to be considered. Maam
company success and profitability depends on how their employees accomplish their job.
Therefore, it’s important to choose the right person. When they recruiting an employee
from external source, so they brings new and fresh ideas to the company. By this they can
develop their product quality and its helps to increase the profitability. When Maam
giving promotions to their internal employees. It helps to reduce the turnovers and
reduced the costs of recruiting another person to the company. The correct selection
process will increase the profitability of the Maam Company. The recruitment and
selection is a major function in Maam Company. When putting employees for the sector
then they do their job at a high level and with commitment. These employees less interest
in turnovers and become part of the Maam Company. And also they sacrifice their own
things and works for the betterment of Maam. The motivation of new employees will
increase the profitability of Maam.
  Productivity: productivity is the most challenging one to manufacturing and services
organizations. In Maam Company, an effective recruitment and selection process hires
the right candidate for the right job it also can affect for the productivity of Maam. When
Maam Company using the correct type of recruitment and selection process may impact
the company’s efficiency in producing great talents. Those talented people have skills,
knowledge, new ideas and many more. Such things may affect for the increasing
productivity of the Maam Company.

 Reward management

 Profit: In Maam Company employees are motivated by rewards. It helps to increase the
profit of Maam Company. Rewarding become more important thing in Maam Company.
Because when giving rewards for each and every employee the employee performance,
employee happiness, retention, job satisfaction will be high. These things will increase
the Maam profit. Intrinsic rewards make the employee feel better in Maam Company.
Extrinsic rewards will focus more on their day to day work performance and activities of
the employees in order to achieve goals. And it helps to increase the profit. In Maam,
effective non financial incentives for employees reach out and touch the emotions to
make the employee feel welcomed, appreciated and valued. Employees respond well to
non financial incentives. They work hard to get maximum output to the company. And
they focus more on day to day work. It helps to increase the profitability.

 Productivity: Rewards system is an important thing for increase productivity of the

company. In Maam they giving both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards for their employees.
It will be a huge affect for increasing productivity. In Maam major tool is the reward
system is, motivating their employees and also these reward system attract employees to
have a closer relationship with Maam Company. And keep them coming to work and
motivate them to perform well in their work. It helps to increase Maam productivity.
When the sales persons achieve their target of selling Maam, they will be rewarding with
non financial incentives. So it also helps to increase the productivity.
 Performance management

 Profit: Performance management has become one of the biggest things in HR. In Maam
performance management mainly focus on the process of managing, coaching,
developing and evaluating employees are main key process for gain profitability. And
also Maam company focuses on quality, high communication, reduce conflicts among
employees, quick decision making and efficiency. These things will helps to gain
profitability. By giving a good training through performance management they can
reduce the wastages and reduce the cost as well. Its helps to increase the profit.

 Productivity: Performance management focuses on the organizational performance,

employees, departments and also the increasing of productivity. In order to increase the
Maam biscuits productivity, they mainly focus on employee involvement and training,
improve the knowledge skills and abilities in the same time they do concerned about their
motivation level and reduce turnovers to achieve goals and objectives. Maam Company
builds up quality employees to increase the productivity.

 Flexible organization

 Profit: Flexible working will boosts profits. In Maam. They have the flexible working
schedule so the employees get more morale to work in the company, reduce absenteeism.
Increase ability through the flexible working schedule they improve and increase their
profit. In Maam Company, flexible work arrangements will reduce stress because
employees working flexibility are more satisfied with their jobs, and with their lives.
Then the employees will more engage more with their work. The more engagement
brings profit to the Maam Company. Flexible working environment will reduce
employee’s turnovers. To Maam Company, employee’s turnovers will be a huge cost. So
the flexible working schedules give them reason to stay with Maam. Through this it
increases the profit.

 Productivity: Flexible working shows that employees are healthier, less stress and more
productive. When they work in Maam company flexible working helps to change their
staff’s ability. Because the flexible hours supports to the employees. Then the quality
works will be done by each and every employee and also they work hard, efficiency and
effectively. In order to increase the productivity of Maam company.
 Different methods used in HRM practices within an organizational
context

 Different methods used in Training and development

In Maam Company they mostly using training methods are job instruction, on the job
training, coaching and demonstration. Job instruction training done through step by step. It’s
easy to understand and can quickly identified the each step. For an example this method will
be training for low level employees. On the job training, under this method new or
experienced employees learn through observing assistants or managers performing the job
and trying to imitate their behavior. Maam Company they training this method for assistant
managers. Coaching is one to one training it helps in quickly identify the weak areas and tries
to focus on them. The demonstration method in Maam Company for an example they usually
give training for machine operators. In Maam they describe and displays. And machine
operators can raise arguments to issues in the lecture.

 Different methods used in Recruitment and selection

Maam Company, they recruiting candidates from internal and external both. When Maam
recruiting candidates from externally. They are posting their advertisement through Maam
website, news papers and social media because they need quality applicants for the future
aspects. In interviews they mostly used structured interview for an example they ask question
on situational and behavioral. And also when Maam HR, selecting their candidates through
test and interviews. These tests and interviews are mainly focuses on testing physical ability
and cognitive ability. Externally mostly they are recruiting lower level employees such as
trainees and sales employees.

When Maam Company recruiting internally. They are posting the vacant position through
company email. So the every employee looks in to that mail and decides to apply that
position. Mainly Maam Company recruits employees internally to higher positions such as
managers and assistant managers. Even when they recruiting they have to pass through some
laders in recruitment process such as interviews. For those interviews, in the interview panel
there will be CEO of Maam Company, HR head and one of the directors. When the selecting
process is comes there will be a test. They mostly test whether the vacant position is suitable
to the above employee.
 Different methods used in Reward management

When it comes to reward management, Maam company methods are intrinsic rewards and
extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards, positively valued work outcomes the individual receives
directly as a result of great task performance. For an example Maam Company gives
performance awards and recognition. These awards will motivate individuals to perform
well. Extrinsic rewards positively valued work outcomes that given to and individual or
group by some other person or source in the work setting. For an example Maam Company
gives promotions, bonuses and tours. Even it helps to motivate employees in the work place
and the employees contribute more for the Maam Company. Every end of the year Maam
Company has an award ceremony. In there they will award intrinsic and extrinsic awards.
Financial rewards, provided to employees in order to motivate them. It is an advantage to
employees because they increase the personnel staying with the company, allowing employer
to retain and etc. financial rewards are allowance wage and salaries etc. Non financial
incentives do not involve many payments. These are also important in motivating employees
as they bring in psychological and emotional satisfaction to them. The non financial
incentives are company car, free private medical care etc.

 Different methods used in performance management

Maam company they using two tool assessments in performance management. One is
occupational personality inventory and the other one is Belbin team analysis. The
occupational personality questionnaire provides in-depth information on how individuals fit
within a work environment, how they will work with others and their performance potential
against job competencies. For an example in Maam Company this test is giving for assistant
manager and employees this test measures the behavioral style at work. Belbin team analysis
helps to analyze team membership roles as a check for potential strengths and weaknesses
within a team. For an example in Maam Company this method mostly focus on lower level
employees. Their manager giving them a task and check their teams work. They check
strengths and weaknesses of each and every employee and give them a feedback. They
improved their selves by feedbacks.
  Different methods used in Flexible organization

In Maam Company they used location flexibility and temporal flexibility. Location
flexibility, which can achieve by working of employees outside of usual workplace of the
organization. For an example in Maam company this method using by upper level
management like CEO, managing directors. They usually come for the board meetings and
other stuffs they controlling in outside of the work place. It improves the fit between paid
work and private life and increase job satisfaction. Temporal flexibility includes adjustment
of working schedule, working flexi time over time of currently working employees. For an
example in Maam company this is mostly happens with factory machine operators and also
lower level employee they schedule their work with their flexible time. It helps increase
efficiency, productivity and job satisfaction.

 HRM practices and application within an organization

 Training and development

To train employees there are 8 training methods such as on the job training, demonstration,
job instruction training, vestibule training, apprenticeship, coaching, job rotation, simulation
training. In Maam they are using only 4 trainig methods. Those are job instruction, on the job
training, coaching and demonstration. Job instruction is training through step by step because
it can quickly grab to the minds of employees in Maam. For an example this method using
for lower level employees. This method helps to reduce turnovers and improves knowledge
and skills. When the employees are quickly identified the each step, then he or she knows
what, how and when to be done. So it helps to retain employees. On the job training and by
on the job training each and every employee get some knowledge and skills through this
method in Maam company, on the job training is done through, new employees or
experience employees learn through observing others performing the job and trying to imitate
their behavior. Maam Company is using this method for assistant managers. In this training
method Maam Company ensure that the training employees within their own working
environment can be seen easily and clearly by using this tool. They carry out the tasks and
also this training method trainees will trained under the administration of qualified staff. This
way they gain confidance in their work. Coaching is one to one training, it helps to identify
the weak areas and give them a quick feedback. And also one to one coaching focuses
individual skills and helps to point behaviors that way need improving, able to recognize and
learn more about their selves. Feedback or the results motivates the overall staff members in
Maam. Demonstration method in Maam they describe and display the trainees combined
with lectures and have a group discussion through this. It helps develops interest in the
trainees and motivates them for do their tasks efficiently. Through this method also trainees
get their knowledge and skills. Because of these advantages Maam company using on the job
training, job instruction, coaching and demonstration.
 Vestibule training, apprenticeship, job rotation and simulation training, in Maam these
training methods they are not using because these methods are more costing and also small
learner to trainer ratio. These methods will take more time to train each and every employee.
It will be a huge effect for the costs. In these methods there are no results towards the end.
Because of these disadvantages Maam Company not using this methods.

 Recruitment and selection

When the recruiting employees they using external recruiting and internal recruiting. But in
Maam they mostly considered about the internal recruitment. In Maam they are recruiting
internally because the selection process is much easier and quicker. And there will be a
smaller pool of applicants. When recruiting existing employees, company already know the
capabilities of the candidate and have better idea of how they will perform on his or her role.
And its reduce cost because they no need to advertise the job vacancies. Promoting staff from
within the Maam Company can be motivating for employees who will reconise their hard
work. The candidate already knows about the company and the staff background. But there
are some disadvantages of internal recruitment. There are no new ideas and it limits with
fewer number of candidates.

When it comes to external recruitment, it brings new talent and new ideas to the Maam
Company. It effect to the Maam Company’s goal achievement and contribute to the
organization success. And it helps to overall growth of the company. There will be a big pool
of applicants for the position. Then they can chose qualified and skill full employees to the
organization. In Maam external recruitments selection process follows a long process. Then it
will take a longer time period. Recruiting externally is a more expensive process with cost for
advertising the job and arranging interviews. And those external candidates are less known
the work culture of the company. However Maam Company is balancing the both external
and internal recruitment to achieve their goals and objectives.

 Reward management

In Maam Company they use both extrinsic and intrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards positively
valued work outcomes individual receives directly as a result of great task performance. And
these rewards are emotionally connected with employee’s words of praise from employers
for a job well done also encourages employees and is reflected in their positive performance.
Intrinsic rewards enable the employees to have greater concentration and keep them
energizing and self managing. The employees feel happy and satisfy at the same time. It
helps to increase profit because of the job satisfaction. Because of the intrinsic rewards
employees will work harder in order to produce quality results. Disadvantage of this intrinsic
reward is, to get a reward it will get a longer period of time to achieve.
 When it comes to extrinsic rewards positively valued work outcomes individuals or group by
some other person or source in the work setting. For an example Maam Company gives
promotions bonuses and tours. They will be more motivated by pay than any other type of
rewards. Financial incentives have larger impact on motivation because money is very
important for an individual for their need in daily life. And also by extrinsic reward increase
the competitive advantages of the Maam in the industry because of the effective and efficient
performance. When the Maam goals are achieved perfectly, but some employee’s satisfaction
is will be decreases due to uncomfortable with the job. In this situation extrinsic rewards will
less effective. So they have to mange extrinsic rewards system carefully. Because of these
advantages they are using the both methods.

 Performance management

In performance management there are varieties of testing tolls in an organization. Such as

occupational personality inventory, belbin team analysis, Firo-B test, motivation
questionnaire, rapid personality questionnaire and customer services questionnaire. But in
Maam Company they are using only two methods. Those are occupational personality
questionnaire provides in depth information on how individuals fit within a work
environment, how they will work with others and their performance potential against job
competencies. Occupational personality questionnaire result will provide individual with a
greater insight into their own behavior and also through these employees in Maam can
develop an understanding of their own profile. There will be a face to face discussion about
the questionnaires it is a real benefit for the employee. Belbin team analysis, this tool helps to
analyze team membership roles as a check for potential strengths and weaknesses within a
team. This analysis helps to enables teams to communicate and work together with a greater
understanding working together will be enhancing motivated and efficient employees. So it’s
directly effect for the productivity and profitability. From this belbin analysis improves
leadership development as well. Because of these advantages Maam Company tend to use
occupational personality inventory and belbin Team analysis.

Firo-B test, motivational questionnaire, rapid personality questionnaire and customer service
questionnaire, these assessment tools are not using by Maam because with these tools they
get some difficulties to perform when doing this assessments. In these situations employee’s
efficiency and progress will get damage. In these assessment tools some questions are
difficult to analyze. When answering questions some questions will be ignore. Employees
won’t take a risk to answer those questions because of these difficulties Maam not using this
assessment tools. However these difficulties face in occupational personality inventory and
bebin team analysis. But they managed it and try to achieve their goals and objectives.
 Flexible organization

In flexible organization there are 5 types of flexibility such as external numerical, temporal,
functional, financial and location flexibility. In Maam they use only two of these. One is
temporal flexibility and the other one is location flexibility. Temporal flexibility includes
adjustments of working schedule, working shifts flexi time overtime of currently working
employees. By this flexible working Maam can reduce turnovers, can have talented workers,
reduce absenteeism, increase commitment and increase productivity. And employee can
balance their work life and their personnel life too. Location flexibility, this is another type of
flexibility which can be achieved by working of employees outside of usual workplace of the
organization. This location flexibility will reduce turnovers and hiring costs. If it is a floss,
tornado warnings, internal service disruptions in such a situation we can stay in another
location and do the office work. Location flexibility built more satisfied employees.

External numerical flexibility, functional flexibility and financial flexibility, these are not
using in Maam. When in team departments, it is impossible to implement flexible working
schedules as teams must meet almost daily. When employees get advantages of this freedom,
then they get lazy on their work and also continuity will suffer in flex time. Because of these
kind of disadvantages can directly effect to the employees and also organizational goals.
However Maam Company try to managed with temporal flexibility and location flexibility,

 The application of HRM practices

 Training and development

Identifying Choosing Planning

Execute the
the training the training the training
training
needs methods process
In Maam Company, they are using job instruction, on the job training, coaching and
demonstration. These methods are systematic, fast and effective methods for teaching their
workers to do the job correctly and safely. When conducting these methods, the trainer uses
the following four steps.

1. Preparation: First Maam Company, identifying the training needs. Such as task analysis
and man analysis. These training methods provide a positive learning for workers by
putting them ease, evaluating what they know and the importance of the job safety.

2. Choosing methods: In Maam Company they are using only job instruction, on the job
training, coaching and demonstration. From these four they choose the correct method to
fulfill lacking parts of those trainees.

3. Planning training: In Maam they planning this process whether they are going to conduct
an individual training or a group training. In an individual training, it will be directly
effect to the particular employee and improve them self effectively and efficiently. By
group training they can build up the team spirit and the unity. Likewise they are planning
this process.

4. Follow-up the workers: Finally in this stage they are executing the training. When they
executing, they monitor the workers performance as they complete the steps. And
encourage them to ask questions after completing the training.

For an example on the job training, this method uses for Assistant Managers and Managers.
In Maam trainers, give them to read a manual. Through that they can gain knowledge of
about the task and secondly they observe given task. Trainers explain the duties and ask
questions from trainees. This method gives employees motivation to start the job.
 Recruitment and selection

HR planning

Identify job
vacancy

Job description
and job
specification

Recruiting plan

Internal External
candidate candidate

Promotion Post job vacancy

Review
applicants

Interviews

select hire

Finalize
recruitment
 In Maam comapany they are using both ineternal and external recruitment for the vacant
position. Maam comapany’s HR department, when a employee leaves the company then they
considered bout the job vacancy to fullfill the above position. After the HR planning they
identify the vacancy to choose the correct person to the position. After the identifying the
vacancy, they consider about the job discription and the job specification. In this stage they
identify the duteies and responsibilities, education level, experince and etc. recruiting plan
will be include whether the candidate is an internal or external. If it is a internal recruitment
the HR of Maam comapany they looking their qualifications for promotions. If he or she
qualified to the position. Then they will promote to the vacant position. And when
considering about the external source, they posting the job vacancy in social media and
review those aplications. If its 100 applicats they will short list for 20 candidates. And those
20 applicants are the most suitable candidates for the position. After the review, they
conducting the interview process and the selection process. In these two process out of that
20 candidates they reducing up to five. Finally they give the job offer to the right person.

 Reward management

Extrinsic

Setting up Select
Measure the
tasks for talented Rewarding
performance
employees employees

Intrinsic
 In Maam Company they are using both methods intrinsic and extrinsic to reward each and
every employee. In reward management at Maam Company firstly they are setting up the
tasks for each and every employee. Those tasks can be in operations side, marketing side and
etc. they giving a time period to finish that task and within that time they need to finish it.
After that through the task performance they are selecting talented employees. And Maam
Company measures the performance as individuals or team. After all these steps, they finally
rewarding to the great performance.
For an example if it is a sales team. First Maam company giving them a task, within the
given time period the sales team have to sell 15000 packets. However as a team they work
together and achieved the given target. Next process selecting talented employees and
measure the performance as individuals or as a team and rewarding them for the achieving
the target. Such employees rewarded by handing over new responsibilities and duties.

 Performance management

Performance
goal setting

Providing Performance
performance management
feedback policies

Performance
Evaluating
appraisal
performance
process
 Maam Company testing employee’s performance by occupational personality inventory
method. Maam Company to evaluate this method, they using questionnaire format. There are
50 questions. The employee should take between 45 to 60 minutes to complete the
questionnaire each offering four statements of behavior. This helps increase behavior when
working with other employees and thinking style. Belbin team analysis, to evaluate this
method Maam introduces a belbin team map. By analyzing belbin team map, teams can
create their own ground rules based on the contributions that each individual brings to the
team. From this belbin team mapping they use to get faster and better results from teams. In
Maam company this two methods mostly using for lower level employees and machine
operators.

 Flexible management

In Maam Company, they used location flexibility to operate their day to day work easily.
Usually in Maam company this method using by CEO and managing directors. They control
their work from home or another location. They mostly connected to the work by computer,
fax or telecommunication. They need to considered about,

1. How will meetings and joint projects handle

2. How communication with co-workers and supervisors will occur
3. What equipment is needed and who will provide it etc.

In Maam Company, temporal flexibility use by machine operators and customer service
department. They have flexible time allows employees to begin and end work within limits
set by management, for an example variable day employees may work a consistent schedule
of a different number of hours each day as long as they achieve the expected number of hours
within the week. (e.g. Monday and Wednesday 10hours, Tuesday and Friday 8hours,
Thursday six and a half hours)
 Reasons for the application of specific HRM practices

 Training and development

In Maam company training and development they using these methods such as job
instruction, on the job training, coaching and demonstration because of the following
reasons.

 Improved employee performance: The employee who gets the training he or she will
perform more in the job these training methods will give the employee a good
understanding and build up confidence among them. This confidence gives the overall
performance and its effect for the growth of the Maam Company.

 Improve employee satisfaction and morale: By training, that a company makes shows
employees that they are valued. Training and development make a supportive and peace
full work place. Through the training and development employees get more satisfaction
and morale on their day to day work.

 Addressing weaknesses: some of employees will have weaknesses in their work place.
These training methods will go through each and every employee weaknesses and
provide them strength to build up their weaknesses. This helps to reduce weaknesses and
providing the necessary training creates a knowledgeable staff with employees and its
helps to work individually without supervision.

 Increase productivity: By these training methods, its helps to increase the productivity.
Through these methods can increase the efficiency and its helps to have a potential
market share from training and development. New ideas can be formed and its directly
effect for the productivity of Maam.
 Recruitment and selection

In Maam they are using internal external recruitment because of the following reasons.

 Internal recruitment

 Save time and money: By advertising job vacancies and conducting interviews, these are
very cost processes. It also consumes valuable HR time and resources. Which can be
using for improving morale and productivity and existing employees. Internally
recruiting no need to check extra references personality profile and also when advertising
they can use the company intranet. Its save time and money.

 Improve productivity: Internal recruits, they know about the company background
policies and procedures. Because of that they can easily grad the job duties and
responsibilities than outsiders. It will effect for the company productivity.

 Improves morale: When internally promoting employees they gain morale and will more
engage with the company. Reduce staff absenteeism and also will reduce turnovers in the
company employees are like to stay with the company because they improve their skills
through training and its helps to build up their career.

 Reduce training time: An internal recruitment, they need no orientation and also will be
less training because they already know about the company goals, processes and way of
doing things. It helps to reduce training time.

 External recruitment

 Increased chances: when we considered about external recruitment, the company receive
large number of candidates who has knowledge and skill to handle the job. When the
selection process is going with external recruitment then their will be a chance of find out
the correct person to the correct position.

 Qualified candidates: when Maam Company advertising the job position through the
social media or news papers. Maam Company’s HR will commonly focused on the
employee experience and whether the candidate is qualified to the particular position.
After advertising there will be variety of qualified applicants to that position. This will be
variety of qualified applicants to that position. This helps to choose the best and
knowledgeable candidate to the position.
  Better growth: Maam company they always thinking about the company growth. By
external recruitment when selecting a qualified and potential candidates. Its helps for the
overall growth of the company. External candidates provide creative and new ideas for
overall development of the company.

 Reward management

When it comes to reward management, in Maam they are using both intrinsic and extrinsic
rewards because of the following reasons.

 Intrinsic reward

 Look for opportunities and provide them a positive feedback get them together and find
out the well perform employee and recognize them for their good work then others also
be motivate and work harder in their job. It helps to achieve company goals.

 They respecting to each and every employee they praise in public, problems solving in
private. And supporting them to achieve their company goals and personal growth.

 When the operational decision making, get the whole staff together get their opinions
before change processes and procedures. It helps to gain confidence of employees in
Maam and they perform good work by intrinsic rewards.

 Extrinsic reward

 Loyalty: Extrinsic reward will be generates loyalty among employees and superiors. It
helps to build up their team work and unity. And also they engage more with their day to
day working. It also helps to achieve organization goals.

 Job satisfaction: financial incentives have larger impact on motivation because

nowadays money is very important for live their life happy and also it’s creating happy
working place. This rewarding system will motivated each and every employee to
perform well in order to achieve organizational goals.
 Performance management

In Maam they are using Occupational personality inventory and Belbin team analysis to
evaluate each and every employee. They are using these assessment tools because of
following reasons.

 Identify the strength and weaknesses: Different employees have different strengths.
Identifying the correct person to the correct position is the crucial part of an
organization. Through performance management it easy to track their individuals
strengths and weaknesses. It helps to develop employee’s career and also to achieve
company goals and objectives.

 Providing feedback: In Maam company they providing feedback about strengths and
weaknesses of each and every employee through these assessment tools such as belbin
analysis and occupational personality inventory. When the employees get feedback that
employee will motivate and shows a higher improvement on their day to day work.
Through this feedback they improve their communication ability. It’s an important thing
to build up their career.

 Enhancing employee’s effectiveness: Most employees like to work hard in their day to
day work these assessment tools will helps to identified strengths and weaknesses of
every employee. Then they will perform well with better understanding of the role and
increase work efficiency. Save time and reduce conflict among their staff. Its help to
ensure efficiency and consistency in performance and its build up the confidence and its
build up the confidence among their staff.
 Flexibility management

In Maam they are using location flexibility and temporal flexibility because of following
reasons.

 Work and life balance: In Maam, it is easy to manage employee personal life and
professional life because of the flexibility working schedule. When they working in a
flexible working place and they never mix up with their personal life and the working
life. These flexible methods using by Maam, because it’s directly effect for their
employees in a better way. It helps to achieve Maam goals and objectives.

 Higher morale: when it’s a flexible environment. It reduces absenteeism and turnovers
and also higher engagement on their day to day work. Employee get satisfy and be
confidence at their working place. Develop their relationship between superiors and
lower level employees these will be help full for growth of the company.

 Avoid stress: flexible working environment will avoids stress and also they enjoy work
it helps to gain more output in Maam and also their outcome will be in a high quality.
They work hard to achieve company goals. These methods will make employees happy
and work more efficiency in their day to day work.

References

1. Maam Biscuits Lanka (Pvt) Ltd; http://www.maambiscuits.com.lk/

2. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, s (2014).

There are no sources in the current document.