Augustine Martin K.

Tan BSN – 4 Drug Study – EAMC 5N

Drug Mechanism of Action Classification Indications Contraindicatio Adverse Reactions / Nursing Management
ns Side Effects
Amlodipine a calcium-channel blocker, is used alone antihypertensive, hypertension hypersensitivity peripheral edema, - obtain drug
or with an angiotensin-converting calcium channel to drug and headache, dizziness, sensitivity to
enzyme inhibitor, to treat hypertension, blocker components flushing and nicardipine,
chronic stable angina pectoris, and abdominal pain levamlodipine and
Prinzmetal's variant angina. It inhibits amlodipine
the influx of extra cellular calcium - monitor for adverse
across the myocardial and vascular reactions
smooth muscle cell membranes possibly - monitor VS
by deforming the channel, inhibiting
ion-control gating mechanisms, and/or
interfering with the release of calcium
from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The
decrease in intracellular calcium inhibits
the contractile processes of the
myocardial smooth muscle cells, causing
dilation of the coronary and systemic
arteries, increased oxygen delivery to
the myocardial tissue, decreased total
peripheral resistance, decreased
systemic blood pressure, and decreased
afterload.
Nimodipine Calcium channel blocking agent that is Calcium channel Prophylaxis and treatment of hypersensitivity Severe BP lowering, - obtain drug
relatively selective for cerebral arteries blocker, ischemic neurological deficits to drug and GI disturbances, sensitivity to
compared with arteries elsewhere in the antihypertensive due to cerebral vasospasms components deterioration of renal nimodipine
body. This may be attributed to the drug’s after subarachnoid function, disturbances - monitor for adverse
high lipid solubility and specific binding to hemorrhage of heart reactions
cerebral tissue. rhythm, phlebitis, - monitor VS
increase of
liver enzymes.
Omeprazole Suppresses gastric acid secretion by Anti-secretory GERD, elimination of H. Pregnancy, Headache, dizziness, - assess abdomen for
inhibiting gastric pump; block hydrogen drug pylori with amoxicillin or lactation, vertigo, rash, pain or swelling
potassium ATPase enzymes metronidazole, hypersensitivity inflammation, - monitor VS
Short term treatment of to drug pruritus, dry skin, - monitor effects of
duodenal ulcer diarrhea, abdominal medication
pain, nausea, - assess other
vomiting, medications
constipation, cough,
epistaxis
 Tramadol Binds to opioid receptors and prevents Analgesic for Moderate to severe pain Alcoholism, Respiratory - prevent prolonged
reuptake of serotonin and moderate to patient has depression if use to avoid addiction
norepinephrine severe pain taken other contraindications - monitor VS before
narcotics or ignored, and after
sedatives constipation, administration
seizures, addiction - assess pain to
ascertain need for
medication
Ceftriaxone Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall antibiotic Indicated in patients with allergy to Pain, Induration, - monitor for adverse
causing cell death neurologic complications, cephalosporins Phlebitis, Rash, reactions
carditis and arthritis. It is or penicillins. Diarrhea, - monitor VS
also effective in Gram Use cautiously Thrombocytosis, - obtain drug
negative infections; with renal Leucopenia, Glossitis, sensitivity prior to
Meningitis, Gonorrhea. It failure, Respiratory super administration
is also for Bone and joint lactation, infections
infections, Lower pregnancy
respiratory tract
infections ,middle ear
infection, PID, Septicemia
and Urinary Tract
infections.
Telmisartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and angiotensin II hypertension, NYHA class hypersensitivity cough, pruritus, rash, - monitor for adverse
aldosterone-secreting effects of receptor II-IV heart failure, left to drug and urticaria, reactions
angiotensin II by selectively blocking the antagonist, ventricular systolic components hyperkalemia, - monitor VS
binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 antihypertensive dysfunction hyponatremia,
receptor in many tissues, such as hepatitis,
vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal angioedema,
gland neutropenia,
leukopenia