DILLA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCEINCE AND HUMANITIES

DEPARTIMENT OF JOURALISM AND COMMUCATION

INVESTIGATING DILLA UNIVERSITY STUDENT SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE AND

PREFENCE

BY SULTAN KEDIR
ADVISOR ALEBE G. (MA)

APRIL, 2017
DILLA, ETHIOPIA
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE
CHAPERT ONE ……………………………………………………....1
1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………....…1

1.1 Background of study ………. ………………………………………………..1

1.2 Statement of the problem ….…………………………………………...……2

1.3 Objective of study ………………………………………………………….3

1.3.1 General objective……………………………………………...3

1.3.2 Specific objective …………………………………………………….3

1.4 Research question

…………………………………………………………………………………3

1.5 Significances of the study ………………………………………………3

1.6 Scope of the study

………………………………………………………………………………….3
1.7 Limitation of the study ………………………………………………….3

1.8 Organization of the paper ……………………………………………………3

CHAPTER TWO ………………………………………………………......4

2. Review of related literature …………………………………………………4

2.1 What is social media……………………………………………………….4

2.2.1Major types of social media ………………………………………………..5

2.2.2Twitter …………………………………………………………………….5

2.2.3 Twitter and education …………………………………………………….5

2.3 Blog ………………………………………………………………………..5

2.3.1 You Tube

…………………………………………………………………………………6

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2.3.2 Face book
………………………………………………………………………………6

2.3.3 Face book and education …………………………………………..7

2.4. Theories of social media ……………………………………………8

2.4.1 Micro theories ………………………………………………...9

2.4.2 Macro theories ……………………………………………….9

2.4.3 3 Pseudo theories …………………………………………...9

2.5 Advantages and disadvantages social media education tools ………10

2.5.1 Advantages social media learning tools …………………… 11

2.5.2 Improvement of research skills …………………………….12

2.5.3 Relevant real life learning …………………………………12

2.5.4 Ability to sharing leering ………………………………….12

2.5.5 The potential to appeal to different learning styles……………………….12

2.6 The disvtantgtivees and social media ……………………………12

2.6.1 The factor and distractions …………………………………………..12

2.6.2Limiting face-to-face communication …………………………………12

. CHAPERT THEREE ………………………………………………13

3. Methodology of the study …………………………………………………………13

3.1. ResearchDesign………………………………………..................................13

3.2 Qualitativemethods…………………………………………………………13

3.2.1 Quantitative methods……………………………………………….13

3.2.2 Sampling size……………………………………………………14

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3.2 .3 Sampling techniques……………………………………………14

3.2.4 Source of data……………………………………………………14

3.2.5 Primary source …………………………………………………14

3.2.6 Secondary source ………………………………………………14

3.2.7 Data gathering instrument…………………………………………15

3.2.8 Questionnaires ………………………………………………….15

3.2.9 Interview …………………………………………………………15

3.2.9 .1 Data analysis method……………………………………………...15

CHAPTER FOUR …………………………………………………………16

4.1 Data presentation and Analysis …………………………………………….16

4,1.2 Background of the respondents …………………………………………16

4.1.2.1Information based on age ………………………………………………16

4.2.3Information based on year ………………………………………………16

4.2.4 Information based yes or no question …………………………………..17

4.3.1 which social media use prefers more…………………………………17

4.3.1 why do you use social media …………………………………………18

4.4 How often do you prefers social media …………………………………..19

4.4.1 When do you start using social media ………………………………....20

4.4.2 For what you use social media …………………………………………..21

4.4.3 do you believes dilla university journalism and communication student

prefers more over other department student …………………………………22

RERFERS ………………………………………………………………………23

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5
CHAPTERONE
1. Introduction

1.1 Background of the study

(kitzmann 2012 ) Social media means the employ mobilize and use base technology to Commented [A1]: Cite properly edit language or begin
create highly interactive plat forms via which individual and community share co create with According to……………or ……..says…..

disuse and modify users generated content. (P.4).

Anderas and micher (2002) are opinion that social media is group of internet base
application that build on the ideological foundation allow the creation and exchanges of
users .

(care builder ) Social media is increasing business and finding way promo tote product and Commented [A2]: Similar problem with the first
services connect with customer’s gate new one and drive revenue all through social media event paragraph

more recently. Organization is using social media not only to generate new. Customer as well
social media offers the opportunity to engage in no way conversation with job (P. 4).

(mocrba 2012 ) Social media refers to communication devices which can be used to Commented [A3]: The same with the above problem
commutates and interact with largest number of audience in differs languages be in it
pictorial message of the early age. the high technology media that are available today in one
thing that all agree upon .it that mass media are on inseparable part of our lives
entertainment and media away go hand But communication spreading information
advertisings marking view option and ideas .( p.2).

(Jonco 2o11 ) social networking site have become an integral part of higher education so Commented [A4]: The same with the above problem
just like other university student . Dilla university student also have opportunityand And you take lot of space and time only the definition

admittance to use social media because of is accessible connection inside the campus for Commented [A5]:

journalism student the use of social media is apart from this because of multimedia and
media convergence social media technologies on journalism practices have tined to
focus more on how there technologies have reconfigured new production dissemination
and consumption practices (breger 1997). Particularly journalism student are expected to use
social media in view of fast that practice of journalism is changing fast from the traditional
media to the new media.
Commented [A6]: Punctuation
Social media is the website that allows registered user to create relationship with friend, family
the websites membership was interlay limited by founders to Harvard university student . But Commented [A7]: Place make space between in and the

expanded to other colleges intheBoston area and gradually most university in Canada and U.S.A
corporations Septembers 2006 to every age 13 and older to make group with valid social
media following this the growth of social media becoming fast in Africa (miffat 2014 ).
Commented [A8]: What does it mean?
Commented [A9]: Still you didn’t tell us your area please
inform some points what will your focus in your research
Commented [A10]: You can say Hence, a study that will
analyzes……………..

6
1.2 statements of the problems
(tynes 2007 ) Social media environment providing training wheels allowing people to Commented [A11]: Why you begin in this way?
practices interaction with others safely of the homes . Social media gives chance to practice
interactions as well all academic.( According to cottle 2000).Africa as journals have forged Commented [A12]: Punctuation
new ways of practicing journalism in wider context of new production . The researcher Grammar
Language
agrees journalism must works hard because of fast growth new media . Similarly researcher
have been out Ethiopia the area social media education value for Ethiopia user low as
most user are not utilizing in to shape the personally to learn about health related issue
and to enhance their skill . the majority of the users are spending much time for
trivialities or not important on social media (sireshie 2014 ).

According to mifta (2014 ) a part the time devoted social media in the amount of physical
and psychological energy that student would have devoted to the academic experience is
partly exhausted on their exploration of virtual world through social media services .

My personal experience social media are negative contribution to the academic outcome Commented [A13]: Better to say the researcher
social media to get more information from external and internal. But getfalseinformation
from social media and limiting face to face communication this all are the problem of social
media.

Journalism and communication student when the teacher give assignment for student .the
student searcher on the social media not reference book in library this method the reduce
the ability of the student . The researchers investigate the student use social media in case
education sector , do to all this reason the researcher resolve the gap between mention above
problem of student and teacher as social media in dilla university the case of journalism and
communication student, for the case of researcher paper completed after the data analysis all
this challenges may come reduce the communication comes improve student social media.
Commented [A14]: Generally have great language
problem you have to show your friends to edit the language
they have good at the language, may be from English
department students
Commented [A15]: Still you didn’t show the gap and also
what other researches stated and what do you want to
show

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1.3 Objective of the study

1.3.1 General Objective

The general objective of the study is use and preferences of social media in dilla Commented [A16]: Add action verb like to assess……. To
university student . analyze……..to show etc……

1.3.2 Specific objectives

 To find out the reason dilla university student usessocial media. Commented [A17]: Make it capital because it is the name
of place
 To identity typessocial media used by dilla university student.
Commented [A18]: Make it plular
 To figure out the uses presences of social mediatypesby dilla university student .
 To extent weather the student of dilla university student used the social media . Commented [A19]: Add preposition of
Commented [A20]: Add action verb like to what extent or
1.4 Research question to check out whether……………….

The research questions of this study are;

 What type social media are used in dilla university student? Commented [A21]: Add preposition of
 Why dilla university student use social media?
 To what extent dilla university student use that social media?
 What social media are more prefer used in DillaUniversity?

1.5. Significances of the study

The significances of the study had been to analysis its use and preferences of social media to
get a numbers of outcome as result of using social media , among they becomes accedes of Commented [A22]: Edit language
any new information on time ,They can get reference book or any written material as well as
can do assignment ,communication to the family and friends.

1.6Limitation of study
This study has different limitations those are, Because of factor that face the researcher papers
during the course of this study such us; The lack of expiries, shortage of time by over Commented [A23]: What does it mean?
lapping with learning class , lack of finances to copy different material because of I. am

8
student at this level know I depend up on my family do to this sort the researcher takes the
place and students at dilla university.

1.7 Organizations of the study

This research paper has presented in five chapters. The first chapters are background of study,
statement of the problem, research questions, objectives, general and specific objectives, scope
of study, significance of the study, organizations of the study and also chapter two contents about
overview related to literature, Chapter three research methodology and references are involve.

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CHAPTERTWO
2. Review of related literature
2.1 What is social media?

(mr Arpansinha) 2012 Social media are used to communication with peoples who are Commented [A24]: Please read more about citation this
already their known or friend or relatives in social sharing interest. Vices discussions is a great issue in review related literature

through process on discussion debatable topic new articles. Latest up data on fashion or gadget
is the most comm. topic on these social channel.(p.3).

Social media technologies take on many different forms including magazines, internet forms,
weblogs, social blogs, micro blogging, wikis, social network, podcast, photographs or pictures,
videos, rating and social marketing

(schwarlz 2012) Social media sites offer a chance to communication is aspect and well
organizing manner event voices media visual media world media any methods can be used
to comment with other second writing any update of twitter take just second and with cross
posting over other social media switched off that update reach every one other persona
want to reach in infant. Social media web based technologic such as social network blog ,
face book , you tube , and multimedia sharing tools allow user to comment to the social
media to create and share content with other user

Social media are different from traditional or industrial media in many ways, including quality,
reach, frequency, usability, and performance. There are many effects that stem from internet
usage. According to Nielsen, internet users continue to spend more time with social media sites
than any other type of sites. At the same, the total time spent on social media in United States
across personal computer and mobile devices increased by 99 percent to 121 billion minutes in
July 2012 compared to 66 billion minutes in July 2011.(Nielsen,2012).

Social media there is no privacy of personal information in face case any unknown person
accesses the persona information

College student have great interest in social media for the purpose of this student social media
was defined as face book, you tube blog ,Twitter may space or linked in martin 2008).although

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providing detailed perspective on social media use among university student and underscoring
that such use can produce both positive and negative consequences according to a Nielsen
media research study in June 2010 almost 25 percent of student time on the internet is now
used social media by college student followed by you tube and Twitter more over face book
alone repose that it now has 500 active million users 50% of who long on every day.

2.2 Major types of social media.

2.2.1Twitter
Twitter is allowing users to send out short message or ‘twitter ‘about what they are doing or link
to resources of interest people can choose to follow selecteduser. Twitter and they can rewet or
repost someone for other to see It is an online version of text message with the capability of
sending the some message to several thousand people all at once (Ezumal 2013)

Twitter, which is understood as a micro-blogging site or platform for user-generated content,

allows user to post short messages of a maximum 140 characters.Its contents are entirely
produced by users, who see a rolling line of new tweets as they come in (Henok N.modular course
online journalism).

Twitter is a free micro blogging site that enables user s to send receive messages (Google
analytic 2010). Twitter it is also famous social networking website allows interaction and
feedback of different peoples. There was a time whenit was very popular among celebrities and
individuals to day the government of various nations have understood the important of
twitter information to the public and regularly share information through twitter .
(Fromhttp; \\www.buzzle .com \artic her/ different types of mass media htms).march ( 1,02,17)

2.2.2, Twitter and education

Twitter has been adopted as a communication and learning tool in educational setting mostly in
colleges and universities. It has been used as a backchannel to promote student interaction,
especially in large lecture courses.

Research has found that using twitter in college courses helps students communicate with each
other and faculty promotes informal learning allows shy students a forum for increased

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participation, increases student engagement, and improves overall course grades. (Wiebeck&
Andy, 2012).

2.2.3 Blog
(Bob Mathew ) Blog is a space of the internet where single person or group of peoples
record their information opinion photo , video .It is an interesting and free plant form to task
about any interaction happen in the form of comment or feedback .Blog the word blog is
take from the word web. But ismore than a simples’ diary hosted on the interact they are dozens
of blog host on the to choose from. But forease ofuse features and adaptability touse by math
teachers ( p.12).

Blog can be used to facilitated from working a numbers of commentator argue that blog
encourage reflective learning (chenetal 2005). They can be used a keep diary. Reader or view to
post according tocategories anddate aswell as allowing theusers to use keyword to search for
post any topic . Blog can decease feeling of isolation for distance student. ( Dickery 2004) and
promote the shift from surface to deep leering (Bartletbragg 2003). Oravecn.d in millions
and Jacobs 2004) argues that the immediacy and commentary based systems of blogging
lead to reflection and analysis and contextualization of leering via hype inks they further
contend that blogs are more successful in promoting interactivity that is conversation as
opposed to other online dissuasion . Research also suggest that blogs allow a more creative
repose from student ( ovavec 2003) and that the open and interlinked nature of blog
connect learners to contexts beyond the class room (Barin 2004 halavaiwa

2.3You tube
The you tube it is a website which up sounds content in video format. It house a range of
interesting video that apples of all generation from films to education video you will find
everything on you tube. You tube is video sharing website it is owned by Google
unregistered user canmach video and registered use can up loaned video (Dr Richard
EmamsAlabanan state university 201).

2.2.4Face book

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 face book is a social networking website introduced in February 2004 and is privately
owned under the name of ‘Face book Inc.’ It get its name for the book given to
students at the start of the academic year by some university administrations in the
United States to help students get to know each other. It was founded by a group of
college students, mainly Mark Zuckerberg and his college roommates from the
computer science group including Eduardo Saverin, Dustin Muscovite and Chris
Hughes. The only people who could use the website were the founders and other few
students from the Harvard University. Later on the membership was expanded to other
students from Lvy and Stanford universities. These all universities were located in
Boston (Miftah, 2014).

In September 2005, Zuckerberg launched a high-school version of uses internet and this version
needed an invitation from an existing user to join. Finally on September 26, 2006 internet was
opened to everyone to join freely with the age limit of being over 13 and having a valid email
address.

The popularity to socialize through facebook has grown significantly, as membership has nearly
reached one billion users and more than eight billion minutes have been spent on face book
services daily (Barnett, 2012; Kirschner&Karpinski, 2010). The face book it is the most popular
networking website. Face book has several a application which peoples utilize. It is the best plat
from to meet old friend or make new ones .Advertisers also like this forum for communicating
about their production. Face book is a term used to describe the type of media that is based on
conversation and interaction between online. (Alejandro2010).

2.3.4.1 Face book and education

The benefits of Face book’s networking and social communication capabilities can benefit both
the instructor and the student by tapping into a greater number of learning styles, providing an
alternative to the traditional lecture format, creating an online classroom community, and
increasing teacher-student and student-student interaction( Munoz and Towner,2009).

Efforts should be made by instructors to expand their pedagogical portfolio, promote active
learning through a learning community, and to test the effectiveness of on-line learning
communities through social networks such as Face book. Scholars should continue their
investigations into these alternative teaching tools to determine if the benefit of creating cyber

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teaching communities to complement the traditional classroom experience is worth the cost of
retooling and restructuring (ibid).

Furthermore, teacher preparation can be enhanced by creating opportunities for teachers in

training to see, experience, and effectively model lessons learned on Face book in their future
classrooms

Educators can help students realize even more benefits from their social network site use by
working to deepen students' still emerging ideas about what it means to be a good digital citizen
and leader online. Students using social networking sites are actually practicing the kinds of 21st
century skills. Students are developing a positive attitude towards using technology systems,
editing and customizing content and thinking about online design and layout. They're also
sharing creative original work like poetry and film and practicing safe and responsible use of
information and technology (Greenhow, 2008).

Facebook is a network that connects students with other students, indirectly creating learning
Community, a vital component of student education (Baker, 1999). Face book provides
instructors opportunities and structures by which students can help and support one another by
building their courses atop the community already established by the students themselves.

Students who participated in a web-enhanced class outperformed those students in a

traditional lecture format. This suggests that Internet based learning modules actively
engage students in a manner unique from the traditional class lecture. Face book also
increases both teacher-student and student-student interaction in the form of web-
based communication. Facebook helps instructors connect with their students about
assignments, upcoming events, useful links, and samples of work outside of the
classroom. Students can use Facebook to contact classmates about questions
regarding class assignments or examinations as well as collaborate on assignments
and group projects in an online environment. (Hamana&Wilson, 2002).

Utilizing Facebook effectively in teacher education courses will help facilitate perspective
teachers to model what they have learned in their own classrooms. Teacher education students
will not only benefit by the classroom advantages of using Facebook, but also by learning
professional Facebook etiquette (discussed in the best practices section).

Junco (2011) asserts that higher education administrations, faculty and stuff have an opportunity
to help students use Face book in ways that are beneficial to their engagement and, by extension
to their overall academic experience. On the other hand, Sileshie (2014) found that Face book’s
educational value for Ethiopian users is low as most users are not utilizing is to shape their
personality, to learn about health related issues and to enhance their skills.

2.4Theories of social media

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There are main social media theories micro theories, macro theories, and pseudo theories.

2.4.1Micro theories
The micro theories the deals with the information available on online and the communication
from individual information communication from fried and relatives is consider to the more
credible and communication are not compensated for such type of referrals . Introduction of
web 2.0 technologies and other social networking sites consumers are now access event strangest
experience and post purchase connect which significant affect purchasing behavior (Depeches
2010).

2.4.2 Macro theories

The macro theories deal with the structure and dynamic of social actor and social media content.
The macro theories views individual of the community as connected actors and such
theories use mathematical model to study is structure evolutions and development
.(wallernmaand fanes 1994). According tothese theories social media is the materialization and
solidification of consume and chatters the recent phenomenal growth in multi dimensionalSocial
media has effect consumes pushing behavior and its infraction between social actors
andinformation artifact (contractor 2009).

2.4.3 Pseudo theories

The pseudo theories the deal with the recently developed conceptual farm work in making .In
this theory social gragraph and social feedback loop of consumers are important
considerations.(Fazlemailk ). The social media landscapes is changing very facts to the
democratization of information and the low cost of innovation .Business need to focus on the
social graphic of the consumers instanced of demographic, psychographic professes of them
(jowyang 2010).

2.5 The advantages and disadvantages of social media as educational tool

According to Lorna (2009), it is quite obvious that a tradeoff is happening between the
advantages and disadvantages of social media. While it increases the communication and
connection between friends and the online community it also increases the risk of procrastination
and makes it easier for others to stalk a user.

There is assumption which is social media affect academic performance of students. But studies
show that social media is not cause for academic failure of students. According this scholar
social media has high advantage to practice academics.

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 Osborne (2012) stated that the debate surrounding social media as a learning tool is unlikely to
abate any time soon. Is it just a distraction, or do the interactive educational tools available
outweigh any disadvantages.

Changes in academic achievement did not vary with Face book use when demographic controls
were considered. Facebook simply does not seem to have a generalization impact on grades
(Pasek, E.More&Hargitttai, 2009).

Both time spent on social media and time spent engaged in certain Face book activities can
be positively predictive, negatively predictive or positively and negatively predictive of
engagement depending on the outcome variable. Social media platforms, such as Facebook
and Twitter, are becoming steadily more integrated within a variety of apps targeted at
learning. Real-time news feeds and instant accessibility make them a tool that can be used
quickly and efficiently but due to its changeable nature, it can be difficult for school
systems to keep up and compensate (Junco, 2011).

Loran (2009) stated that while it increases the communication and connection between friends
and the online community it also increases the risk of procrastination and makes it easier for
others to stalk a user.

2.5.1 The advantages of social media as learning tools

2.5.2 Improvement of research skills
Being able to find information online is a skill that is now important in the workplace and one
that can be taught through lessons designed around social media platforms. Now day’s
researches are available on internet and this is important students to conduct researches.

2.5.3Relevant, real-life learning

Teaching students how to use social media in order to improve their job prospects can be
extremely valuable. Because students are more participant on Facebook and this is eliminate
traditional teaching style

2.5.4 The ability to share learning material

Social media sites including Face book and Twitter are full of user-generated content, links and
shared items. This can be used to your classes' advantage. Schools can create a Facebook group
dedicated to their class, or set a task to research something across these networks.

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 2.5.5 The potential to appeal to different learning styles
Whether a learner naturally prefers kinetic, audio or visual learning, the varied types of media
and information found on sites such as Face book can appeal to a wide range of learner style

2.6 The disadvantages of social media as learning tool

2.6.1. The factor and distractions
The use of sites such as Face book and Twitter are incorporated into a class plan in order to
contribute towards an objective lesson aim, and then it could become nothing more than a waste
of time. Unless teachers properly supervise their students and maintain control if the novelty of

YouTube makes them too excited it can be difficult to follow through with a lesson based on
face book research

2.6.2.. Limiting face-to-face communication

If a balance is not maintained, then too much technological input can have a detrimental effect
on social skills that children need to learn

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 CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

3.1. RESEARCH DESIGN

The study used mixed approach quantitative and qualitative method theReasonresearcher choosing Commented [A25]: Use punctuation
mixed approachdata can improve an evaluation by ensuring and aimed achieving to gather the
overall necessary data from targeted group and the reason for selecting those both method is for
more detailedinformation, The goal is that to understand depth view point of its responders of
participant

3.2.1 Qualitative methods

The qualitative method is non-numerical variables and it can’t be measured. It includes question,
interview, observation,focus group

Qualitative research involves studies that do not attempt to quantify their results through
statistical summary or analysis. Qualitative research seeks to describe various aspects about
behavior and other factors studied in the social sciences and humanities.

In qualitative research data are often in the form of descriptions, not numbers. But sometimes,
results of qualitative research are subjected to relatively less rigorous quantitative treatment.
Often the goal of qualitative research is to look for meaning. .( zelale shferawcourse media
research ).

(Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector’s Field Guiby Family Health International
(2005 ) The strength of the qualitative research is its ability complex textual decretory of Commented [A26]: Wrong use of citation
how people experience a give research issue it provides information about the human side
of an issue is the often contradictory behaviors, beliefs, opinion, emotions, and relationship of
individual. The most common qualitative method explained in detail in their respective modules
are participation observation invert view and focus group each method is particularly suited for
obtain a specifies types of date ( p .12 )

For this all researcher used qualitative methods because this qualitative research to propagate the
number accrued in analyst form of table to show more information fromthis source explanation
from

3.2.2Quantitative methods
The quantitative methods is numerical and it can be measured the it includes table,chart , graph
, figures , and percentages. Quantitative methods attempt to maximize objectivity, reliability, and

18
generalization of findings, and are typically interested in prediction. Integral to this approach is
the expectation that a researcher will set aside his or her experiences, perceptions, and biases to
ensure objectivity in the conduct of the study and the conclusions that are drawn (Harwell,
2011).

Using a quantitative data can improve an evaluation by ensuring that the limitations of one type
of data are balanced by the strengths of another. This will ensure that understanding is improved
by integrating different ways of knowing.

Quantitative method used district and precise way to calculate indexes of reliability and several
articulated techniques that helps establish validity. [Roger D.[200]; A quantitative approach
waits unit is the numbers are in brief and before analysis beginning.

3.2.2 Sampling size

The sampling size is statisticalprocess of selecting subject of population for the purpose of
making observation. The total sampling size the researcher would be get 110, from those the
researcher selected,55respondents, theresearcher selected, 50 for question and5 people for
interview

3.2 .3 Sampling techniques

(Family Health International 2005) The purposive sampling one of the most coping strategic
group participant according to presclendig to criteria relent to particular research question Commented [A27]:

(p.14).

This sample includes subjects selected on the basis of specific characteristics or qualities and
eliminates those who fail to meet these criteria. It is chosen with the knowledge that it is not
representative of the general population. However, the in-depth information from the subjects
will give the researcher optimal insight into an issue about which little is known. Often different
strategies are combined, depending on the topic under study, the type of information wanted and
the resources of the investigator.

Among the sampling techniques the researcher selected used purposive sampling to this Simple
ispurposive a method of selecting items from a population,The reason the researcher selected
purposive sampling helps the research to gain proper response from relevant persons about the
study that conducted around area .and reduced cost, greater accuracy, greater scope andmore
detailedinformation would been obtained.

The researcher selected2nd and 3rd year journalism and communication student at dilla
university because journalism and communication student 2nd and 3rdyear student is thetaking or

19
learning the course named as online journalism, so journalism and communication student more
related to social media.

3.2.4 Source of data

In order to get information, the researcher collected information from different primary and
secondary sources of data.

3.2.5 Primary source

Primary data would be obtained using questionnaires and interview

3.2.6Secondary source
Secondary data would be different documentaries and information from media, book and depend
on others internet.

3.2.7 Data gathering instrument

3.2.8Questionnaires
Questionnaires is the process question will use to collect from the population. In data gathering
process questionnaire were used to collect data from the population. Questionnaire is used to
address large size of respondents with in short period of time and to reduce material as well as
cost of the researcher. According to Beiske (2002), questionnaire is essentially a structured
technique for collecting primary data. So the researcher wants to collect real data from
respondents’ journalism and communication learner’s 2nd and 3rd year50 student by use sample Commented [A28]: Make it simple
random sampling.

3.2.9Interview
Interview is one common technique to collect qualitative data this tool helps to put human
element on scientific study Interview is technique designed to elicit a vivid picture of participants
on the researcher topic. During interview the person beinginterviewed isconsidered theexpert and
the interview is considered thestudent. The research techniques are motivated by the desired to
learn everything the participant can share about topic (Natasha , Cynthia , kathleen , Gree,and

20
Emily 2005 ) (p 29) .With this concept the researcher has conduct interview with an 5
student .

3.2.9 .1Data analysis method

Data analysis method depend up on information get from questioners and interviews, After the
required data and information was gathered and well collected, it was analyzed by
quantitativeand qualitative methodology, the qualitativemethod focusedon questioners and
interview but,the quantitative method focus ontable and figures formsby explanation.

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 CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRERETATION AND ANALIYSIS

This chapter deals with presenting and analyzing the data collected (which were found) through
questionnaires and interview. The data from (feedback of) students was obtained by using
structured questionnaire and interview which is intended to understand the used and preferences
of social media by those students.

The gather data from the respondents were presented in the following way;

4.1 . Data presentation

4.1.2. Background of the respondents

4.1.2.1. Information based on gender or sex

Sex No of students Percentage

Female 20 40 %
Male 30 60 %

Total 50 100%
Table 1, information based on gender or sex

The above Tables, shows that out of the 50 of the students of the sample 30 (60%) of the
respondent were male. And while the reaming 20 (40%) are female. Theis table indicates that
there are more male respondents than female respondents.

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4.2. Information based on age

Age No of student Percentages

18 - 22 29 58 %
22 - 26 14 28%
26 - 30 7 14%
Total 50 100%

Table 2 information based on age

As table No.2 show that, the data collected by {gathering number of samples} from source of
questionnaires indicates that the ages between, (18-22] which covers 30 (58%) out of total
numbers. This show that from the total samples most of the social media users are found in the
age between 18 -22-year-old.

4.2.3 Information based on year study Commented [A29]: Better to say batch

Year of study No of students Percentage

nd
2 year 21 42%
rd
3 year 29 58 %
Total 50 100%
Table 3 information based batch {on year of study]

As indicated above table No 3 out of 50 total sample 29 (58%) are 3rd year students and

remain 21(42%) 2nd year journalism and communication students. Commented [A30]: Put your/researchers understanding
under each data
You are putting only the data but here is analysis part

4.2.4 Information based social media users

Yes or no No of student Percentage
Yes 50 100%
No - -
Total 50 100%
Table 4 information based yes orno question

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As the indicated in the above table No 4. Out of 50students all are used social media 50 (100%).
However, some of them are used different time. Commented [A31]: Edit language

Based on the above question another additional question that request the reason why the don’t
use social media was asked. So, the respond that: ……………

4.3 In based above table No 4 the reason out? Commented [A32]: Edit language
Based on the above table
So, some of reasons why they use social media is they have mentioned that they can more
information and contact with friend some daily through this social media. In addition they have
mentioned that the use it to ge generally information and knowledge throght their three domains,
such as, skill, attitude, create new knowledge that Illumination ways.

4.3.1 What kind of social media do you use? (Types of social media students use )

Type of social No of students Percentage

media
Face book 42 84%
You tube 4 8%
Twitter 2 4%
Blog 42 4%
Total 50 100%

Table 5, information based on kind of social media

As indicated in the Table No 5 out of 50 total sample 42 (84%) use face book 4 (8%) use tube
you 2 (4%) use Twitter 2 (4%) use blog. Based on the fining face book, you tube, twitter are
social media which used dilla university journalism and communication students

4.3.2Which social media do you use preferred more?

Type of social media No of student Percentage

Face book 34 68 %

You tube 4 8%

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Twitter 8 16 %

Blog 4 8 %

Total 50 100%

Table 6, information based on use social media preferred more (Students social media preference
as means of source of information)

As indicated in the table, No 6 the number of students who prefer face book were 34 (68%), who
prefer YouTube were 4 (8%), who prefer twitter were 8 (16%) and who prefer blog were 4 (8%)
from out The researcher find out that face book is most preferred social media by the students
followed by YouTube, blog and twitter respectively.

Why?

4.3.3 In based on above table No 6 reason out you choices ?

In the researcher questionnaires answer show in the table from the many respondent used face
book the reason behind this that face books the common contact with many interaction
including best with friend and the family on that chat. as well as some other the respondent
choose that twitter because this media is used to th advise the resent time related with
economical poetical and social demotion in reverted with face book . The sum of respondent
choices show that you tube. the reason of this are face book and twitter connection to
metrication, the way of doweled some of video lessons, music , film as well as interaction
of some world media accurate checkup. The last but not least the other respondent choose
that blog because of reason show in the answer of blog is the one of the part social media
that used where single person or group of people record from their information opinion ,
photo and videos .

4.3.4 Why do you use social media? Justify the reason

As indicate the respondent that the user of social media for different reason the user has access to
in wide variety of service among that. To get new information what kinds of events accrued in
world, to know the challenges and prospective of day to day activities, to identify in online

25
where is the country direction move to the news creation information, as well as to propagate the
advertisement breaking new media in through experience

4.4 How often do you preference social media?

Time of using social media Number of student Percentage

Every day 22 48%
Two day on week 8 16 %
Three day on week 12 24 %
Per a day 8 16%
Total 50 100%
Table 7 information based on time of using social media

As indicated in the above Table No 7 out of 50 total sample 22 (48%) use every day, 8
(16 %) use two day on week ,12 (24%) use three day on week ,8 (16%) use per a day, based on
fining are social media which used dilla university journalism and communication students used
every day.

4.4.1 When do you start using social media?

Time Number of student Percentage

Before joining university 35 70%
At dilla university 15 30 %
Total 50 100%
Table 8 information based on time start using social media

As showed in above, table No 8 35(70%) start using social media before join dilla University,
while the remaining 15 (30%) have start using social media at dilla University. So students are
aware and have social media before joi Commented [A33]: What does it mean?

4.4.2 For what purpose do you use social media?

The purpose use social NO. of students Percentage

media

26
Education 10 20 %

Entertainment 14 28 %

Information 26 52 %

Total 50 100%

Table 9 information based on purpose of using social media

From the table, No 9 out of total samples 10 (20 %) that respond that they primarily use social
media to gratify their cognitive and personal integrative needs for education.14(28%)use for
social media to gratify their affective and tension fee needs for entertainment, 26(52%) respond
that they primarily use social media to gratify their cognitive and personal integrative a needs for
seeking information.

Generally, the researcher figured out that the students primarily use social media for entertaining,
educating and informing themselves needs for seeking information.

4.4.3 Do you believe dilla university journalism and communication student prefer more
over other department student ?

Yes or no No of student Percentage

Yes 50 100%
No - -
Total 50 100%
Table 4 information based yes or no question

From the above table, no 10 out of total samples 100(100 %) said that 50 respond yes as
portages’ (100 %) agree with them.

Whys?

4.4.4 based on above question numbers 13 if your answer is yes justifying the reason?

Because of journalism and communication, it gives different new and information all over the
word by penetrating hot issues and it gives or sharing new from different media by their Owen

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INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

1) Which social media do you use and why-?

Interview 1 from 3 year

As I communicated with me inter viewer said that, the most important social media is for
students is that face book because of face book is one of the most important to getting the friend
on chatting exchange new information and gather information through in the world us well as
getting from face book ways that internet for doing every assignment giving from our lecture and
to investigate new material for additional readings.

The second important is that” You tube” because of those is to down load same important music
and new song, in the videos form what happing in the see recently films ways that to refresh our
mind in break time at home.

2) How to prefer social media in that Dilla University?

Interview 2 from 3 year

As inter viewers said that prefer social media is one place get more connection for the Dilla
university like click part to get easily contact with my friend and my family when I have at some
mobile birr in the mobile by chatting form and message ways that by face book, you tube, twitter
and by blog.

3 what your general aspect regarding on the journalism and communication student in using
social media?

Interview 3 from 2 year Commented [A34]: Cite your sources

As indicate that from interview said that the journalism and communication student in using
social media highly portion pontion the fore many issues however those departments also more
related with social media starting from class up at home and also takes many course related with
social media. Likes as for those same reason those journalism and communication student more
focus the social media more than other department
Example According to Ejigayehu, (personal interview, 2017
Or
“Particularly the mechanism to collect the community
letters can be stated as exemplary. The station set its own
local post boxes in the station” (Mohammed, personal
interview, 2014).
)

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