Centre Number Candidate Number For Examiner’s Use

Surname

Other Names
Examiner’s Initials
Candidate Signature

Question Mark

AQA Level 1/2 Certificate 1

June 2013
2

3
Physics 8403/1 4

Paper 1 5

6
Thursday 23 May 2013 9.00 am to 10.30 am
7
For this paper you must have:
 a ruler
8
 a calculator
9
 the Physics Equations Sheet (enclosed).

TOTAL
Time allowed
 1 hour 30 minutes

Instructions
 Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
 Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
 Answer all questions.
 You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write
outside the box around each page or on blank pages.
 Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.

Information
 The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
 The maximum mark for this paper is 90.
 You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
 You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in
your answers.
 Question 6(a)(ii) should be answered in continuous prose.
In this question you will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.

Advice
 In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.

(Jun138403101)
G/T94750 6/6/6/6/6/6 8403/1
 2 Do not write
outside the
box

Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

1 Some students fill an empty plastic bottle with water.

The weight of the water in the bottle is 24 N and the cross-sectional area of the bottom
of the bottle is 0.008 m2.

1 (a) Calculate the pressure of the water on the bottom of the bottle and give the unit.

Use the correct equation from Section A of the Physics Equations Sheet.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Pressure = ........................................
(3 marks)

1 (b) The students made four holes in the bottle along a vertical line.
They put the bottle in a sink. They used water from a tap to keep the bottle filled to the
top.

Tap

Bottle

Sink

18 cm

20 cm

The students measured and recorded the vertical heights of the holes above the sink.
They also measured the horizontal distances the water landed away from the bottle.
A pair of measurements for one of the holes is shown in the diagram.

(02)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 3 Do not write
outside the
box

The complete data from the experiment is shown in the table.

Vertical height Horizontal distance

Hole
in cm in cm

J 24 15

K 18 20

L 12 30

M 6 40

1 (b) (i) Which hole is shown in the diagram?

Draw a ring around the correct answer.

J K L
(1 mark)

1 (b) (ii) On the diagram, draw the path of the water coming out of hole M.

Use the information in the table to help you.

(2 marks)

1 (c) Suggest one problem that might arise from trying to collect data from a fifth hole with a
vertical height of 1 cm above the sink.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
____
7

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(03)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 4 Do not write
outside the
box

There are no questions printed on this page

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

(04)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 5 Do not write
outside the
box

2 Forces have different effects.

2 (a) (i) Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence.

slowing stretching turning

The moment of a force is the ............................................................... effect of the force.

(1 mark)

2 (a) (ii) What is meant by the centre of mass of an object?

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

2 (b) Some children build a see-saw using a plank of wood and a pivot.
The centre of mass of the plank is above the pivot.

Figure 1 shows a boy sitting on the see-saw. His weight is 400 N.

Figure 1

1.5 m

Pivot

Calculate the anticlockwise moment of the boy in Nm.

Use the correct equation from Section A of the Physics Equations Sheet.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Anticlockwise moment = ........................................ Nm

(2 marks)

Question 2 continues on the next page

Turn over 

(05)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 6 Do not write
outside the
box

2 (c) Figure 2 shows a girl sitting at the opposite end of the see-saw. Her weight is 300 N.

Figure 2

1.5 m 2.0 m

Pivot

The see-saw is now balanced.

The children move the plank. Its centre of mass, M, is now 0.25 m from the pivot as
shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3

1.5 m 2.0 m

0.25 m

The boy and girl sit on the see-saw as shown in Figure 3.

2 (c) (i) Describe and explain the rotation of the see-saw.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

(06)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 7 Do not write
outside the
box

2 (c) (ii) The boy gets off the see-saw and a bigger boy gets on it in the same place. The girl
stays in the position shown in Figure 3. The plank is balanced. The weight of the
plank is 270 N.

Calculate the weight of the bigger boy.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Weight of the bigger boy = ........................................ N

(3 marks)
____
10

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(07)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 8 Do not write
outside the
box

3 The diagram shows a satellite moving in a circular orbit around the Earth.

A
Satellite

D B

C
Earth

There is a centripetal force acting on the satellite.

3 (a) Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows the direction of the centripetal force?

(1 mark)

3 (b) Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete each sentence.

The speed of the satellite increases. For the satellite to stay in the same orbit

decrease.

the centripetal force on the satellite must stay the same.

increase.

The radius of the orbit increases. For the satellite to stay at the same speed

decrease.

the centripetal force on the satellite must stay the same.

increase.

(2 marks)

(08)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 9 Do not write
outside the
box

3 (c) A satellite in a geostationary orbit always stays above the same point on the surface of
the Earth.

These satellites:
 are used for communications
 are in a fixed orbit at 36 000 km above the surface of the Earth
 complete one orbit in 24 hours.

The table shows three geostationary satellites, E, F and G, and their masses.

Satellite Mass of satellite in kg Launch date

E 1200 1978

F 1500 1984

G 3500 2011

3 (c) (i) Describe a pattern shown in the table.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

3 (c) (ii) Which satellite has the greatest centripetal force acting on it?

Give a reason for your answer.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

3 (c) (iii) Mass is the only thing that affects the force acting on a geostationary satellite.

Explain why.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
____
............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
8

Turn over 

(09)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 10 Do not write
outside the
box

4 (a) Human ears can detect a range of sound frequencies.

4 (a) (i) Use the correct answers from the box to complete the sentence.

2 20 200 2000 20 000

The range of human hearing is from about ...................... Hz to ...................... Hz.

(2 marks)

4 (a) (ii) What is ultrasound?

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

4 (a) (iii) Ultrasound can be used to find the speed of blood flow in an artery.

State one other medical use of ultrasound.

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

4 (b) The speed of an ultrasound wave in soft tissue in the human body is 1.5  103 m/s and
the frequency of the wave is 2.0  106 Hz.

Calculate the wavelength of the ultrasound wave.

Use the correct equation from Section B of the Physics Equations Sheet.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Wavelength = ........................................ m
(2 marks)

(10)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 11 Do not write
outside the
box

4 (c) When ultrasound is used to find the speed of blood flow in an artery:
 an ultrasound transducer is placed on a person’s arm
 ultrasound is emitted by the transducer
 the ultrasound is reflected from blood cells moving away from the transducer
 the reflected ultrasound is detected at the transducer.

Describe the differences between the ultrasound waves emitted by the transducer and
the reflected waves detected at the transducer.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
____
8

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(11)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 12 Do not write
outside the
box

5 Waves may be longitudinal or transverse.

5 (a) Describe the differences between longitudinal waves and transverse waves.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

5 (b) Radio waves are electromagnetic waves.

Describe how radio waves are different from sound waves.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
____
7

(12)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 18 Do not write
outside the
box

7 Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are two processes that release energy.

7 (a) (i) Use the correct answer from the box to complete each sentence.

Geiger counter nuclear reactor star

Nuclear fission takes place within a ......................................................... .

Nuclear fusion takes place within a ......................................................... .

(2 marks)

7 (a) (ii) State one way in which the process of nuclear fusion differs from the process of
nuclear fission.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

7 (b) The following nuclear equation represents the fission of uranium-235 (U-235).
1 235 236 141 92 1
0
n 92
U 92
U 56
Ba 36
Kr 30 n energy

Chemical symbols: Ba - barium

Kr - krypton

7 (b) (i) Use the information in the equation to describe the process of nuclear fission.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)

(18)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 19 Do not write
outside the
box

7 (b) (ii) An isotope of barium is Ba-139.

Ba-139 decays by beta decay to lanthanum-139 (La-139).

Complete the nuclear equation that represents the decay of Ba-139 to La-139.

139 139
Ba La
........ ........ ........
(3 marks)
____
10

Turn over for the next question

Turn over 

(19)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 20 Do not write
outside the
box

8 (a) Some people wear magnetic bracelets to relieve pain.

Figure 1 shows a magnetic bracelet.

There are magnetic poles at both A and B.

Part of the magnetic field pattern between A and B is shown.

Figure 1

A B

What is the pole at A? ...........................................

What is the pole at B? ...........................................

(1 mark)

8 (b) Figure 2 shows two of the lines of the magnetic field pattern of a current-carrying wire.

Figure 2

Wire

Magnetic field lines

The direction of the current is reversed.

What happens to the direction of the lines in the magnetic field pattern?

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

(20)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 21 Do not write
outside the
box

8 (c) Fleming’s left-hand rule can be used to identify the direction of a force acting on a
current-carrying wire in a magnetic field.

8 (c) (i) Complete the labels in Figure 3.

Figure 3

Direction of
......................................

Direction of
......................................
Direction
of force
(2 marks)

8 (c) (ii) Figure 4 shows:

 the direction of the magnetic field between a pair of magnets
 the direction of the current in a wire in the magnetic field.

Figure 4

Wire

Magnet Magnet

Magnetic field direction

In which direction does the force on the wire act?

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

8 (c) (iii) Suggest three changes that would decrease the force acting on the wire.

1 .........................................................................................................................................

2 .........................................................................................................................................

3 .........................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

Question 8 continues on the next page

Turn over 

(21)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 22 Do not write
outside the
box

8 (d) Figure 5 shows part of a moving-coil ammeter as drawn by a student.

The ammeter consists of a coil placed in a uniform magnetic field.

When there is a current in the coil, the force acting on the coil causes the coil to rotate
and the pointer moves across the scale.

Figure 5

Scale

Pointer

Coil

N S S N

8 (d) (i) The equipment has not been set up correctly.

What change would make it work?

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

8 (d) (ii) Figure 6 shows the pointer in an ammeter when there is no current.

Figure 6

0.5

1.
0 0
Amps

What type of error does the ammeter have?

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
____
10

(22)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 23 Do not write
outside the
box

9 Solar panels are often seen on the roofs of houses.

9 (a) Describe the action and purpose of a solar panel.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

9 (b) Photovoltaic cells transfer light energy to electrical energy.

In the UK, some householders have fitted modules containing photovoltaic cells on the
roofs of their houses.

Four modules are shown in the diagram.

Module containing
photovoltaic cells

The electricity company pays the householder for the energy transferred.

The maximum power available from the photovoltaic cells shown in the diagram is
1.4  103 W.

How long, in minutes, does it take to transfer 168 kJ of energy?

Use the correct equation from Section C of the Physics Equations Sheet.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................... Time = ........................................ minutes
(3 marks)
Question 9 continues on the next page
Turn over 

(23)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 24 Do not write
outside the
box

9 (c) When the modules are fitted on a roof, the householder gets an extra electricity meter
to measure the amount of energy transferred by the photovoltaic cells.

9 (c) (i) The diagram shows two readings of this electricity meter taken three months apart.
The readings are in kilowatt-hours (kWh).

21 November 0 0 0 4 4

21 February 0 0 1 9 4

Calculate the energy transferred by the photovoltaic cells during this time period.

............................................................................................................................................

Energy transferred = ........................................ kWh

(1 mark)

9 (c) (ii) The electricity company pays 40p for each kWh of energy transferred.

Calculate the money the electricity company would pay the householder.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Money paid = ........................................

(2 marks)

9 (c) (iii) The cost of the four modules is £6000.

Calculate the payback time in years for the modules.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

Payback time = ........................................ years

(3 marks)

9 (c) (iv) State an assumption you have made in your calculation in part (c)(iii).

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

(24)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1
 25 Do not write
outside the
box

9 (d) In the northern hemisphere, the modules should always face south for the maximum
transfer of energy.

State one other factor that would affect the amount of energy transferred during
daylight hours.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
____
13

END OF QUESTIONS

(25)
G/T94750/Jun13/8403/1