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DecisionSpace Well Planning:


Onshore Methods
Volume 2

© 2015 Halliburton

Part Number 220067 Revision B April 2015


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Contents

Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning


With Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Creating a New Scenario Set. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2


Initial Target Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Additional Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Targeting Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Add target Set from WBP file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Site Setups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Add a Site Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Plan Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Add a Plan Option. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
Survey Setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Add a Survey Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Completed Plan Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Designated Value Mechanisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Designate Cost Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Cost Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Torque and Drag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Saving the Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Scenario Target Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
EXERCISE 4-1. Rapidly Generating Field Plans Using Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Creating a DecisionSpace Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Loading the Geological Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
Opening an Existing Well Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
ScenarioPlanner Creation Using the Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1


Objectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

What is Horizontal Well Correlation?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2

DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods – Volume 2 i


Table of Contents

Data Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

How does the tool work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4


TST Type Log Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Predicted Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Horizontal Well Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
EXERCISE 5-1. Creating HWC Workspace and Log Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
EXERCISE 5-2. HWC Interpretation and Edit Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
Using New Select Session Data and Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
Saving Horizontal Well Correlation Interpretations to OpenWorks . . . . . . . . 5-27
HWC Interpretations for Surface Picks and Interpreters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28
Multiple HWC Interpretations for the Well Surface Pick and Interpreter . . . . 5-37
Selecting the Curve Mnemonic for an Offset Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Offset Curve Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-38
Preferred HWC Interpretation Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-41
EXERCISE 5-3. Vertical Faulting Options Added to Anchor Line Edits . . . . . . . 5-42
Saving Horizontal Well Correlation Fault to Well Fault Pick or
Line Segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-42
Save Control Points as Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-49
EXERCISE 5-4. Using Dip and Fault Edits in the Vertical Correlation View . . . 5-53
Vertical LWD Traversal Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-56
Number of traversals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-56
Percent (Delta) ΔTVT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-56
EXERCISE 5-5. Updating FW surfaces with HWC Interpretations
Control Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-66
Apparent Dip Report, Look Ahead Azimuth, and Target Lines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-73
EXERCISE 5-6. Deviation Surveys and Uncertainty Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-79
Deviation Surveys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-79
Uncertainty Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-82
EXERCISE 5-7. Performance Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-88
Multi-User Behavior in Horizontal Well Correlation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-88
The Following is Recommended Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-88

Glossary: Drilling Concepts and Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1


Drilling Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-1

Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G-3

ii DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods – Volume 2


Table of Contents

Appendix A: Reference Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1


Selected Workflows for Unconventional Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Grid Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Creating NO-GO Areas Under Hazards and Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
Creating Go Areas Under Hazards and Boundaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
Creating a Flat Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Extending Lateral Length with Constant Azimuth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Manually Updating Depths of Laterals and Landing Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-14
Establishing Target-Surface Relationships via Target Surface Editor . . . . . . . . . A-14
The DecisionSpace Well Planning – COMPASS Integration
Designed for Offshore (Unconventional & Horizontal) Well Planning . . . . . . . . . A-17
Objective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-17
Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-17
Changing the Geodetic Datum in COMPASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-18
Changing the Geodetic System in DS Well Planning via OpenWorks . . . . . . . . . A-19
Save to EDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-21
Load From EDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-25
Adding Data to an Existing Interpretation Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-27
Using Datum Shifting in the GIS Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-28
Shifting Map Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-28
Shifting Layer Datum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31
Determining the Optimal Visual Interface (Dark vs. Light). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-32
Using the Shared Memory Manager to Enhance Seismic Functionality . . . . . . . . A-34
Loading via Select Session Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-34
Loading via the Inventory Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35
Modifying Volumes in Shared Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35
Navigating the File Source Options for Seismic Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-36
Managing the Shared Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-37

Appendix B: Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1


Contacting Landmark Customer Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Submitting a Request for Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Technical Assistance Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2

DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods – Volume 2 iii


Table of Contents

iv DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods – Volume 2


Chapter 4

ScenarioPlanner
Field Planning With Scenarios
The ScenarioPlanner software is a powerful field development analysis tool that combines the
best of the TracPlanner and AssetPlanner softwares. The previous chapter demonstrated how the
AssetPlanner software can rapidly generate field development scenarios. Using the
ScenarioPlanner software, you can generate several field development scenarios at a time and
present them in a format that allows your end-users to quickly compare and contrast their
development options.

The ScenarioPlanner software uses many of the same dialog boxes as the AssetPlanner software,
and combines them into a wizard that walks you through the process of building various
development scenarios.

This chapter shows you how to use the ScenarioPlanner software. You will complete a number of
practical exercises demonstrating the functionality of the ScenarioPlanner software in the Norway
dataset.

Overview

In this chapter, you will:

• Learn the step-by-step process for setting up data to generate


different field development scenarios

• Perform an in-depth exercise using the ScenarioPlanner software

• Analyze the results by comparing different field development


scenarios, including target coverage

DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods 4-1


Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

Creating a New Scenario Set

The ScenarioPlanner software wizard guides you through the creation of


the scenario project.

To start the wizard, select the ScenarioPlanner module and the


Scenario Setup mode from the Well Planning window.

The first step of the wizard appears. In the absence of any pre-existing
scenarios, the only option available is Create a new scenario set. Click
Next after each step to advance the wizard to the next step of the
process.

First step in the ScenarioPlanner software wizard

The first step presents four options. The first time you use this
application, the Create a new Scenario Set option is the only one
available. After you create a scenario set, the following options become
available:

• Edit an existing scenario set

• Update an existing scenario set

• Delete an existing scenario set

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Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

The Previous and Next buttons in this wizard are located at the bottom
of the screen.

Scenario sets can be saved to the OpenWorks software database or to an


external Wellbore Planner (WBP) file.

Save to WBP files option

After the scenario is created, nine additional nodes appear below the
scenario node. These represent the steps or components in the wizard,
where you will enter the data that the software needs to calculate the
results.

Initial Target Sets


The first component is Initial Target Sets. Targets can be brought into
the scenario through a WBP file or an OpenWorks software Well
Planning project.

Initial Target Sets

DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods 4-3


Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

Additional Data
The second component is Additional Data. Additional wells, plans, or
hazards can be incorporated or merged from other Well Planning
projects into the new scenario.

Additional Data

Targeting Setups
The third component is Targeting Setups. The targets in the
ScenarioPlanner module use the same Horizontal targeting tabs used in
the AssetPlanner module.

Targeting Setups

Add target Set from WBP file


The next step is setting up the target parameters. After you have set up
target parameters, you must save the parameters by clicking Save As
before you click Next.

Click Previous to go back to the previous step in the wizard.

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Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

Site Setups
The forth component is Site Setups, which is used to define the site (or
surface) configurations to be used in the scenario. You can define as
many site setups as are required for analysis. This differs from the
AssetPlanner module, where you are limited to only one site setup.

Site Setups

DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods 4-5


Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

Add a Site Option


The next step is setting up site options. In the example below, the first
step is to calculate the pads required for 100% target coverage. After you
configure this option, you must name it by clicking Save As before you
click Next.

You can add as many site setups as you need in this dialog box.
Remember to rename each one and click Save As before clicking Next
and moving forward in the wizard.

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Chapter 4: ScenarioPlanner Field Planning With Scenarios

Plan Setups
The fifth component is Plan Setups. On this screen, you define the plan
configurations to be used in the scenario.

Plan Setups

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Add a Plan Option


The next step is the advanced planning mode options interface. It has the
same functionality as the Site Setup interface. You must create the plan
sets to be used, and then save them. If you stored plan sets in the
AssetPlanner module, you can import them instead of re-entering them.

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Survey Setups
The sixth component is Survey Setups. The software can calculate
uncertainty for all of the generated development options. For this to take
place, a survey setup must be entered.

Survey Setups

Add a Survey Option


The Add a Survey Option screen has identical fields to the Well Plan
Properties Survey Tool tab. You can have any number of survey setups.
Populate the table and save the setup with a descriptive name. For each
new setup, click Save As before you create a new survey setup or click
Next to proceed to the next step of the wizard.

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Completed Plan Sets


In the seventh component, you add completed plan sets. In some cases,
there may already be completed projects with plans designed. If you
want to include those projects in the analysis, you can add them to the
scenario here. The projects added here will be computed as is with
respect to cost, uncertainty, etc. They will not be modified in any way.

Completed Plan Sets

Designated Value Mechanisms


The eighth component is Designated Value Mechanisms. It is used to
define the method used to design fracturing and casing designs to be
used in plans. Selecting an option and clicking Next brings up the screen
to define parameters specific to the option you selected. Only one frac
drainage area option can be selected.

Designated Value Mechanisms

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Designate Cost Mechanism


The ninth, and final component is Designate Cost Mechanism. The
ScenarioPlanner module can compute the items listed below for each
scenario generated. The more options you select, the longer the scenario
will take to generate. In addition, the number of site, plan, and survey
setups impacts the time it takes to generate the scenarios.

• Compute Drilling and Completion Costs

• Compute Number of Pads

• Compute Maximum Reach

• Compute Maximum Inclinations

• Compute Total MD Drilled

• Compute Drilling Difficulty Index

• Compute Maximum Uncertainties

• Detect Anti-Collision Issues

• Compute Torque and Drag Safety Factor

Designate Cost Mechanisms

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Cost Information
You can enter cost information the same way as in the AssetPlanner
module. The cost information you enter in the wizard is the basis of the
cost calculation for each scenario.

Torque and Drag


If torque and drag safety factor calculations are requested, you must
select the drill pipe weight and grade used to drill the well.

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Saving the Scenario


Name the scenario set and select a Red Line parameter set.

Results
After clicking Finish, a progress bar is displayed.

Scenario calculation status

When the calculations are completed, a table of site/plan and survey


setup combinations is created. You can manipulate and sort the table to

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help determine the best development option. In addition, you can select
a row and display the results in the DecisionSpace software.

Table and DecisionSpace view of data

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You can compare all of the calculated scenarios by arranging multiple


tiles in the DecisionSpace software.

Compare Multiple Scenarios in DecisionSpace

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Scenario Target Analysis


To understand why some targets were not hit or what type of plan they
are being used in, use the Scenario Target Analysis mode for a quick
view of the targeting results.

Scenario Target Analysis

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Exercise 4-1. Rapidly Generating Field Plans Using


Scenarios
Based on the geological model and reservoir simulation, the
development geologist selected 147 targets in the Fangst formation.
The drilling department plans to use S-shaped and vertical wells as
plan types. This is an extension of the Norway field, called Mangos
field.

The pad design is 20 slots, with a KB elevation of 50 m above MSL.


The BHA requires a maximum reach of 2000 m. For wellbore
stability, the drilling department would like to start at 200 m for a
minimum kickoff point. To avoid high torques and drag, a dogleg
severity of two or three is suggested. The desired hold angle is 25°.
The drilling department wants to try different maximum hold angles
of 35, 45, and increasing dogleg severity. For all wells, an extension
of 40 m below the TD has been requested by the logging company.

The data is in the NORWAY_DSWP database and in external files.


The recommended measurement system is SPE Preferred Metric.

You will need to consider all of the drilling constraints and present
the different scenarios for the Mangos field development to upper
management.

Creating a DecisionSpace Session


1. Open DecisionSpace.
The DecisionSpace Session Manager will open to the Existing
Sessions tab by default.

2. Select the New Sessions ( )tab.

3. Under the Available Modules section, click the Select All ( )


icon.
All modules should be highlighted.

Click Select All to activate all license modules.


This causes the lower portion of the window to
populate with the session parameters drop-
down menus.

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4. Select the following from the Selection drop-down lists of the


Session Parameters tab:

District: <determined by instructor>

Project: NORWAY_DSWP

Interpretation Project: ALL_DATA

Measurement System: SPE Preferred Metric

Domain: Depth

Interpreter: LGC

5. Click OK.

Loading the Geological Model


1. After the program launches, load the data shown below, by selecting
File > Select Session Data, or by clicking the icon.

Surface Grids: test_contour_grid Seabed_TVDSS

2. Select the Inventory tab on the left of the program window to view
the data added to the session. Toggle off Seabed_TVDSS to aid in
visibility.

3. Click OK to exit.
The surface grids are loaded into the session.

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Opening an Existing Well Plan


1. Launch the Well Planning tool by selecting Tools > Well Planning.

2. Select File > Open Project from > OpenWorks from the Well
Planning tool.

3. Select the Mangos file.

A set of 152 targets will display in the Well Planning tool as well as
in the Cube view.

Note that the targets are located below the surface grid, as well as
above it. The targets beneath the grid mirror the targets on the top.

ScenarioPlanner Creation Using the Wizard


1. In the Well Planning window, select the ScenarioPlanner module,
and select the Scenario Setup mode.

The wizard will guide you through the necessary steps to optimize
your well planning scenarios.

2. Select the Create a new scenario set option and click Next.
For this exercise, you will save your scenario set to a WBP file.

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3. Select the Save to WBP files option and save your scenario set as
Mangos_Scenario1.

4. Click Next.
The wizard prompts you to select the well planning project that
contains the targets that you want to use in your scenarios.

5. Select the Add a Well Planning project file option and click Next.

The wizard prompts you to select the project file.

6. Select the Mangos.wbp file and click the Add button.


Your instructor will provide you with the file’s location.

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After you add the file, the file location appears below, indicating that
the well plan has been added to the ScenarioPlanner profile set.

Note

The Next button is grayed out till a well plan is added.

After adding a well plan project, click Previous to see all the current
projects. Then click Next to return.

7. Click Next.
The next step in the wizard prompts you to either import a .wbp file
or an OpenWorks project, or not merge any other well planning
project files.

8. Since we will be using a.wbp project file in this exercise, select the
Use a Well Planning project file option and click Next.

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9. The wizard prompts you to select the project file. Select the
Mangos.wbp and click Set.

10. Click Next.


The next step in the wizard is to setup targeting parameters.

11. Since we are using default targeting parameters, select the Don’t
use any targeting options option.

12. Click Next.


The wizard prompts for options related to site setup.

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13. Select the Add a new site setup option in order to run a
comparison case against the existing Mangos.wbp file.

14. Click Next.

The window allows you to recreate platform site requirements. Set


the site parameters to match those in the image shown below. Ensure
that the Use Boundaries option is cleared. We will consider the
Default platform to be named NORWAY, for this site option.

15. Name the site Site_Nor_Only and click the Save As button. You
will not be able to proceed unless you do so. Do not click Next yet.

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16. Create two more site setups and save each as shown in the table
below:

Platform selections Prioritize to top Save As

Add Fixed Platform * Fixed Platform ** Site_Fxd_Nor

Delete Default Platform Site_Fxd_Only

17. Click the Previous button to check your site scenarios.

18. Click Next.


You will now create well plans attached to the platform site you just
created.

19. Select the Add a new plan setup option and click Next.
The wizard prompts for options related to plan setup.

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20. Enter the same plan parameters as shown below. Note the
correction to Maximum reach, to ensure enough reach for
scenarios to work. Do not save until instructed.

21. Ensure that the S-Shaped and Straight plan types are in the
Selected pane.

Note

The order in which the plan types are placed in the Selected pane has
significance. When creating scenarios, ScenarioPlanner prioritizes the plans
based on their position in this pane. The first plan takes priority, and so on.

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Click Edit adjacent to each plan type to change the parameters to


match the ones shown here. Note the change in Maximum Kickoff
depth.

22. Name the plan setup Plan_dls3_hld25 and click Save As. You will
not be able to proceed unless you do so. When saving, click Save
As, not Save Plan Setup.

23. Create four more plan scenarios by making the following changes
to the S-Shaped and Straight plan parameters, and save as shown
below.

Dogleg severity Desired hold Straight wells


Save As (deg/30m) angle (deg) only

Plan_dls3_hld35 3 35 N/A

Plan_dls3_hld45 3 45 N/A

Plan_dls4_hld45 4 45 N/A

Plan_Straight N/A N/A Delete S-shaped


wells from
Selection pane.

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24. Click Previous to see your saved plan setups.

25. Click Next till you get to the Survey Setup component and select
the Add a new survey setup option.

26. Click Next.

The default survey is Final Survey. You may use MWD.

Note

To import another survey, that is not available in the Survey Tool drop-down
list, change the module to AssetPlanner, which will allow you to access Tools
> Survey Tools Editor. After doing this, you can return to Scenario Planner.

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27. Ensure that the Final Survey option is selected and Save As
Final_Survey1. Click Next.

This window lets you compare against a completed well planning


project or a scenario that you have created elsewhere. You can bring
in scenarios stored in AssetPlanner, TracPlanner, or COMPASS for
evaluation. This will not be covered in this exercise, so do not select
anything.

28. Click Next till you get to the Designate Cost mechanisms
component.

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This window lets you to select the options that you want evaluated
in your scenario comparison. Select all options for this exercise.

29. Click Next.

30. In the Cost Information window, use the same Base Costs as were
used in the AssetPlanner exercise. For this exercise, do not select
the Include OpenWorks wells option.

Note

You can include previously drilled wells for cost comparisons by selecting the
Include OpenWorks wells check box and then importing wells stored in the
OpenWorks software into this comparison.

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31. Click Next.

32. In the Torque and Drag window, accept the default pipe size of 5
DP G105 19.5# and click Next.

33. Select the destination folder for your .wbp files and click Set
Folder.

34. Click Finish.

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When the calculation is finished, your scenarios are displayed.

Note

These results are representative of the kind of scenario comparison you will
see.

Scroll to the right to see additional comparison columns. There are


23 columns in total.

You can click on the heading of a column and sort the results by that
column (i.e., click Completed Cost to order the spreadsheet by
increasing cost). In addition, you can drag columns to your preferred
order.

Note that at first the straight wells plan might look more cost
effective, but as you scroll to the right, you will see that only a few
wells and a small percentage of the targets are drilled.

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35. The Open Scenario button at the top of your results window lets
you select the ScenarioPlanner workflow you want to view. Yours
is Mangos_Scenario1, and is already open.

36. To view the platforms and well paths, use Open Results at the
bottom of the results page.

In the Cube view, the resulting scenarios appear under Well


Planning Projects in the Inventory tab. Select one and view it, then
toggle it off to view another. Another way to view multiple
scenarios at once is to unlink Cube views in the Contents dialog
box. However, too many Cube views (>5) can slow performance.

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Check your Map view to see the spider diagram layouts of the
platforms and targets. Use an opacity of 0.5 on your horizon to
enhance viewing.

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37. To view a listing of your targets and target analysis, change the
mode to Scenario Target Analysis in the Well Planning tool. The
screen should look like the one shown below.

Scroll down and over to see how each target is assigned to various
platforms in each scenario. Targets that are not partnered with a pad
have not been hit due to the reason listed in place of a pad name.

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Chapter 5

Horizontal Well Correlation


Horizontal Well correlation is a tool for Geosteering of highly deviated and horizontal well. The
tool works by correlating the drilling well's LWD/MWD log curves to Type Logs generated for the
drilling and offset wells. The DecisionSpace software automatically generates Type Logs for
drilling well in True Stratigraphic Thickness and allows geoscientists to correlate with the actual
well in the Horizontal view as drilling progresses.

Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

• Set up a DecisionSpace session for geosteering with HWC.

• Create a predicted curve using the HWC task pane and


Framework reference surface.

• Learn how to use Control Points in horizontal well correlation


workflow to update structures

• Stretch and squeeze a predicted curve for interpretation

• Geosteer the well using Horizontal Well Correlation

• Update the framework structure while drilling the well (real-


time)

• Use target line drawing functionality to edit the well trajectory


and generate a Geosteering report.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

What is Horizontal Well Correlation?

The DecisionSpace Horizontal Well Correlation tool allows


geoscientists to correlate logged information from a nearby offset well
with a currently drilling horizontal well to be able to predict and update
the structural model behavior and keep the drill bit within the area or
zone of interest.

The tool uniquely generates predicted log curves based on the well’s
stratigraphic position and the drilling or offset well. By correlating the
predicted log curve to the MWD (Measurement While Drilling) or LWD
(logging While Drilling) curves, you can determine stratigraphically
where the well has penetrated.

These correlations can be used to update the structural model


(Framework), and revise well plans based on a continuously updated
structural model. As you correlate, you interpret Control Points that are
added directly to the structural model. The software determines the
position of each inter-well point, adds them to the surface, and
interactively updates the Framework.

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Data Requirements

The Horizontal Well Correlation (HWC) tool requires the following


data when launching the horizontal well correlation workspace.

• One or two surface grids in depth. These surfaces can be created


in the Grid and Contour tool or in the Frameworks to Fill
Workspace. Note that automatic updates will only be possible
using a Dynamic Framework to Fill

• A well list containing key wells (minimum: the drilling and


offset wells)

• An input log curve and any other log curves you find useful from
the offset wells

• Surface picks from the offset wells

• Surface picks for the drilling well, once the drilling well crosses
the reference surface

In addition to the above data requirement it is always better to have


depth seismic and at least one interpreted seismic available in the
project.

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How does the tool work?

TST Type Log Generation


Horizontal Well Correlation is performed by correlating the drilling
well’s real-time MWD/LWD log curves to Type Logs generated for the
drilling and offset wells. In many cases, the closest and most accurate
Type Log is created from the drilling well itself. These correlations
require that the drilling well has landed and is drilling up dip. During the
well’s initial transition from vertical to horizontal and when drilling
down dip into un-penetrated strata, correlations must be performed with
an offset well’s Type Log.

The Type Logs for drilling and offset wells are generated in True
Stratigraphic Thickness (TST relative to the Framework reference
surface). To calculate TST, the wellbore to surface vertical distance
(TVT) and surface dip values are derived at each point in the well. TST
is calculated using the relationship:

TST = TVT * Cos (dip).

In the wellbore heel region (transition region of wellbore vertical to


horizontal), the maximum TST value determines the well’s Maximum
Stratigraphic Depth (MSD) position. TST Type Logs are generated
from log curves in the wellbore heel region (down to the MSD) by
projecting LWD log curves into TST depth. Offset well TST Type Logs
are also generated using the described procedure. When offset wells are
used with a drilling well, the offset well’s Type Log is automatically
depth shifted to the reference surface.

Predicted Curves
The Horizontal Correlation view displays the drilling well’s LWD log
curves with Predicted Log Curves. Predicted Log Curves are the
expected log curve response based on the TST Type Log and the
wellbore’s stratigraphic position. The distance for the Horizontal
Correlation view is in True Horizontal Distance (THD) which is the
horizontal distance the wellbore travels from the well’s surface location.

Predicted Log Curves are calculated based on the Surface to Wellbore


TST Distance and the drilling or offset well’s TST Type Log values. The

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TST distance determines the relative position on the Type Log and the
corresponding Predicted Curve value at each position on the wellbore.

In the wellbore heel to MSD region, the Predicted Curve and LWD
curves from the drilling well’s Type Log are identical. As such, HWC
correlation requires an Offset Well Type Log during the well’s initial
transition from vertical to horizontal or when drilling down dip into un-
penetrated strata. Additionally, the Predicted curve will be Null if the
drilling well’s TST depth is greater than the well or offset well type log.
The Predicted Curve will also be Null if the Framework Surface has
absent due to an unconformity, fault or the drilling well extending
beyond the Framework Surface.

Horizontal Well Correlation


The Horizontal Correlation view has a HWC Interpretation mode
designed to correlate the Predicted and Real-time MWD/LWD log
curves. The interpretation mode displays a track outline with Anchor
lines tied to the reference Surface Picks and Inter-well Control Points.
Anchor lines are designed to stretch and squeeze the Predicted curve to
match the LWD curve. Additionally, these log correlations reposition
correlation points horizontally and vertically such that wellbore
stratigraphic depth matches the correlation.

The following figure exemplifies the Predicted/MWD-LWD correlation


process:

• Add Control Points on the Predicted log curve’s peak or tough you
wish to correlate to the LWD curve.

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• Drag and drop the Control Points anchor line to match the
correlated log curve.

• To aid in the correlation, an interactive Predicted curve displays


between the bounding Left and Right anchor lines.

In the example below, the peak on the Predicted curve (A) is correlated
with the LWD peak (B). Initially add a Control Point at the Predicted
curve’s peak (A) using the left mouse button. Drag the Control Point’s
anchor line (A) to the LWD peak (B). In this correlation the stratigraphic
depth at position A is moved to position B. The original reference
surface structure shown by the red line (Seg 0) transforms into the
correlated surface structure shown by green line segments (Seg 1 and
Seg 2).

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Exercise 5-1. Creating HWC Workspace and Log


Layout
1. Open the DecisionSpace software.
The DecisionSpace Session Manager will open to the Existing
Sessions tab by default.

2. Select the New Sessions ( ) tab.

3. Under the Available Modules section, select the Geology,


Geophysics, and Well Planning modules, and click OK.

4. Select the following from the Selection drop-down lists of the


Session Parameters tab:

District: <determined by instructor>

Project: NORWAY_DSWP

Interpretation Project: ALL_DATA

Measurement System: SPE Preferred Metric

Domain: Depth

Interpreter: LGC

Optionally you may select the well list, 2D lines and 3D surveys.

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5. Click OK.
The main DecisionSpace window is displayed.

6. Select File > Load from ISet from the main DSG toolbar.

7. Select the DS_Geology interpretation set from the Interpretation


Set task panel and click the Load Data to Session ( ) icon.

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8. Activate the Map view:

9. In the Inventory task pane, toggle On the demo wells well list and
the FANGST GP. HD Top surface pick. Using the Area Zoom In
tool on the Vertical toolbar, zoom the view.

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10. Right-click on the demo wells well list and select the Display
Properties... option.

The Display Properties dialog box appears:

11. Expand the Well Header category and add Common Well Name
to the bottom of the well (drag-and-drop).

The Edit Well Header Annotation Attributes dialog box appears. Set
the parameters in the dialog box as shown in the image below.You

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may want to change the color of your wellbore to make it more


visible.

12. Click OK to exit the Edit Well Header Annotation Attributes dialog
box.

13. Click Apply and then OK to exit the Display Properties dialog
box.

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The changes are reflected in the Map view. Click the Zoom
( )icon and zoom into the area.

14. Click the Create LOS ( ) icon from the vertical toolbar.

The LOS and Well Projection Settings dialog box appears.

15. In the Line of Section tab, enter a name in the Suffix field.

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16. Select the Well Path option from the Anchor Mode section.

17. In the Map view, Click south of the A-44 well and then click the A-
44 well path (this will give room for HWC correlation in the
Section view beyond the current TD).

18. MB2 to send the LOS (Line Of Section) to the Section view.

Note

You can also take up any horizontal well; here we are using A-36 and A-44 well as
an example.

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When you end the LOS, it opens in any listening Section view and
inherits the name of the LOS.

19. Close the LOS and Well Projection Settings dialog box.

20. Activate the Section view that inherits the newly created LOS name
and from the Inventory task pane, toggle on the demo wells well
list.

21. Right-click the demo wells well list and select the Display
Properties option.

The Display Properties dialog box appears.

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22. Look for the LOS you created and highlight it.

23. Add Common Well Name to the bottom of the wellbore (drag-and-
drop).

The Edit Well Header Annotation Attributes dialog box appears.

24. Click OK.

25. In the Section view, zoom in as required.

26. Right-click the 6507/7-A-44 well and select the Open Horizontal
Well Correlation Workspace option (You may have to try opening

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the HWC workspace from either Map or Section view to get the
desired wellpath projection in your HWC workspace).

Note

The HWC workspace can be launched from any view (Cube, Map, Section, or Well
Correlation).The workspace may open with an already existing HWC
interpretation.

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The Horizontal Well Correlation workspace appears in a separate


DSG window, with three view tabs:

• Vertical well correlation view in TST


• Section view in TVDSS
• Correlation view in True Horizontal Distance (THD)

27. Toggle On the following from the Inventory task pane of the
Section view:

• Well list demo wells, 01STA


• Log curve GR
• Surface picks FANGST GP.HD Top and FANGST GP.HD Base
• Framework surfaces FANGST GP.HD Top and FANGST GP.HD
Base

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Note

It may be helpful to change the display of your seismic volume to a different color
map, to see the other data you turn on in the view. The manual uses
System > Grayscale.

28. From the Inventory task pane of the Well Correlation (THD) view,
right-click the log curve GR and select the Display Properties
option.
The Display Properties dialog box appears.

29. Select Full Orientation for the Wellbore Track in the Log Curve
Occurrences section.

30. Select Line Width 2 for the Line option.

31. Select the User Defined option for the Mode field.

32. Enter 0 for the Left field and 180 for the Right field.

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33. Click OK.

34. Select the Tools tab from the Inventory task pane and click the Well
Layout ( ) icon.

35. In the Track Details Table panel of the Tools tab, click the No Scale
button associated with the wellbore track to add a scale and lattice

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to the well layout.


This automatically puts you in the Edit Well Layout mode and
Single Well Layout mode.

36. In the Track Scale Parameters dialog box, select the Scale 1 check
box and enter / select the following parameters:

• In the Line Display section, select the Left and Right ticks option
for the Orientation drop-down menu.
• Enter 200 for the Major Interval field and enter 0 in the
Intermediate Interval field. Set the Major color to Black.
• In the Line Label section, change the Color to Blue.

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37. Click OK.

38. Click the Save Layout ( ) icon from the Well Layout task pane.
The Save Well Layout dialog box appears.

39. Enter HWC in the Save Layout field and click the Save Layout
button.

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40. Click Close.

41. Click the Exit Well Layout button from the Well Layout task pane.

Note

If your TST and THD views have a black background, click the Correlation View
Editor and change the background color to gray so that you can see your major
interval wellbore scale.

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42. Select Tools > Well Layout from the Well Layout task pane of the
Vertical Well Correlation view.

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43. In the Well Layout task pane of both of the remaining views of your
HWC window, click the Open Well Layout ( ) icon. This opens
the Open Well Layout dialog box. Select HWC and click OK.

44. Click the Exit Well Layout button.

Note

You may have to manually change the GR to blue in all views.

The Maximum Stratigraphic Distance (MSD) for the well is


indicated by a solid red circle in the Section view.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

45. In the Inventory task pane, toggle on GR curve and FANGST GP.
HD Top surface pick in all of your views. Toggle off any surface
pick other than FANGST GP. HD Top.

Note

Check the surface pick that is active in the Horizontal Well Correlation task pane.
You will not be able to toggle off the specified active surface pick within the task
pane.

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Exercise 5-2. HWC Interpretation and Edit Options

Using New Select Session Data and Inventory

Saving Horizontal Well Correlation Interpretations to OpenWorks


In DSG 5000.10, Horizontal well correlation points are no longer saved
to a pick name. The Select Session Data task pane and the Inventory task
pane have a new category named HWC Interpretation, where
correlation points are saved.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

HWC Interpretations for Surface Picks and Interpreters


The objective of Horizontal Well Correlation is to achieve a match
between the predicted and input curves. This can be done using one or
all of the following actions:

• Add an anchor to a predicted curve position and drag


horizontally. Click to add an anchor at a correlation point on the
predicted curve. Drag the anchor horizontally so that the predicted
curve signature most closely matches the signature of the input log.

• Add an anchor to an input curve position and drag vertically.


Click to add an anchor at a correlation point on the input curve.
Shift + Click to drag the anchor vertically so that the predicted
curve signature most closely matches the signature of the input log.

• Add anchors to lock down correlation positions. At a good


correlation of the predicted and input curves, Click to add an
anchor. These anchors are used to lock down the correlation and
bound the stretch and squeeze portions of the predicted curve.

• Remove an anchor and associated inter well point using MB2.

1. Activate the Horizontal Well Correlation Section view. In the


Inventory task pane, toggle on the Depth_full_offset volume and
change the color map to Grayscale.

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2. Select the Horizontal Well Correlation tab (by default, it is on the


right side of the view).

3. Confirm that the Drilling Well is 44.

4. Select FANGST GP.HD Top to be used, from the Surface pick


drop-down.

5. Click the Create New Interpretation ( ) icon, located in the


Interpretation section.
The Enter new Interpretation name dialog box appears.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

6. Enter Fangst_top_44_yourinitials in the dialog box and click OK.

7. Leave the Framework set to None.

8. Select the Linear surface mode option (Framework surface mode


is available only if you select a framework).

9. Click the Add New Log curve row ( ) icon, located in the Log
Curves section.
The Select Log Curves dialog box appears.

10. Select the GR log curve and click OK.

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11. Click the Calculate curves button, located under the Type Log
Settings section.

12. Select the Horizontal Correlation (THD) view, and from the
Inventory task pane, toggle On the GR and GR_PRDCT log
curves.

13. Right-click the Wellbore Track and select the Display Properties
option.

14. Select the Right Orientation for the Wellbore Track in the Log
Curve Occurrences section and click OK.

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15. In the Vertical Correlation (TST) view, toggle on the GR_44 log
curve, toggle off any other GR curve.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

16. In the Section view, toggle on GR and GR_PRDCT log curves.

Note

If you require a less densely sampled GR log curve, the GR_FLT curve is generated
using the value entered in the filter field for the selected log curve. Currently, the
curve will automatically be toggled on after you click the calculate curves button or
adding a new control point.

17. Zoom in to the first half of the horizontal well from approximately
3500 to 4500 MD (2600 to 3000 THD). Make sure that the
Interpretation ( ) icon is active (i.e. Edit Mode and Horizontal
Well is selected).

18. Click at approximately 2940 THD to add an anchor line at the


trough of the blue curve. As you correlate, you interpret inter-well
XYZ Control Points which may be added directly to the structural
model.

19. In the Horizontal Correlation (THD) view when you move your
mouse on the Anchor line, you will notice that the mouse pointer

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has changed to a Right and Left headed arrow. Click to drag the
blue trough towards the right until it matches with the yellow
trough at 2970 m as shown below.

20. Create more anchor lines, or Control Points, to correlate the


curves along the well. On the Section view observe how the anchor
points modify the reference surface (as dotted line).

21. Finally, the correlation should look like the image shown here,
where a near perfect match needs to be achieved between the
predicted and actual curves

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

22. In the Interpretation section of the Horizontal Well Correlation task


pane, click the Save ( ) icon.
The interpretation (control points) are saved to the database.

Note

The name of the Horizontal Well Correlation interpretation shows in Italics if the
interpretation is not saved. After saving it appears in normal font.

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Multiple HWC Interpretations for the Well Surface Pick and Interpreter
1. Click the Create new Interpretation ( ) icon to create a second
interpretation.
The Enter new Interpretation name dialog box appears.

2. Enter Fangst_top_34_Student and click OK.

3. Leave the Framework, Mode and Log Curve settings the same as
the previous interpretation.

4. Click the Add New Log curve row ( ) icon, located in the Log
Curves section.
The Select Log Curves dialog box appears.

5. Select the GR log curve and click OK.

6. Click the Well ID field in the Type Log Settings section.


The Select offset well ( ) icon appears besides the value of the
Well ID.

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7. Click the Select offset well ( ) icon.


The Select Well dialog box appears.

8. Select the well with Well ID 34 and Comment Well Name 6507/7-
A-36 and click OK.

Selecting the Curve Mnemonic for an Offset Well

Offset Curve Correlation


A change has been made in the Type Log Settings section to allow you
to select a different curve mnemonic for an offset well than was selected
as the input curve name in the Log Curves area. This capability requires
the addition of the Offset Curve column for selection of the desired
curve name on the offset well. The Offset Curve field is new. This is
useful in cases where the offset well has a different name than the
drilling well for the type curve.

Because different wells in a field may have been drilled by different


operators with different naming conventions, offset wells may not have
the same log curve mnemonics as the drilling well. An improvement
was made in the Type Log Settings section to allow the selection of a
different curve mnemonic for an offset well than what was selected as
the Input Curve name in the Log Curves area. This ability required the

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addition of the Offset Curve column for selection of the desired curve
name on the offset well.

1. Click the Calculate curves button.

2. In Correlation view confirm that GR_PRDCT is active. You may


need to adjust the orientation to the right again. (As you make
adjustments this may revert.)

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3. Add a series of control points (click, then click-and-drag) to


correlate both curves.

Note

Because multiple Horizontal Well Correlation interpretations can be made on each


well, there must be one preferred interpretation designation per well. This preferred
interpretation data set is changeable and can be saved. However, if an interpretation
is currently active within a Horizontal Well Correlation workspace, it is always the
preferred interpretation. Saving an interpretation that is active in a Horizontal Well
Correlation workspace will make it preferred. To manage the preferred state on each
well, right-click the Interpretation Control Point group in the Inventory task pane
and change the preferred interpretation on the desired well.

4. Click the Save ( ) icon located under the Interpretation section,


to save the interpretation to the database.

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Preferred HWC Interpretation Manager


1. In the Inventory task pane, right-click the current HWC
interpretation and select the Open Preferred Interpretation
Manager option.

The Preferred HWC Interpretation Manager dialog box appears,


with the wells shown with their preferred interpretation.

2. Select the desired interpretation for from the Preferred HWC


Interpretation pull-down field.

Note

The currently active interpretation in the Horizontal Well Correlation workspace is


always the preferred Horizontal Well Correlation interpretation. Until an
interpretation is saved in the Horizontal Well Correlation task pane, it will be shown
in italics.

When you are finished interpreting, you can add control points to
existing Frameworks, or to use to construct new frameworks.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Exercise 5-3. Vertical Faulting Options Added to


Anchor Line Edits

Saving Horizontal Well Correlation Fault to Well Fault Pick or Line


Segments
1. Confirm that the Fangst_Top_34_Student interpretation is active in
the Horizontal Well Correlation task pane.

2. Expand the Shortcut Keys section. Note the new keys for editing
faults. 2D faults can now be added in linear surface mode. These
faults can later be saved as fault picks or 3D faults.

3. In the HCV, use a combination of the Control Points and Faults to


correlate the predicted curve GR_PRDCT to the MWD gamma ray.
Remember that you can convert any control point to a fault by

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pressing the arrow keys as you click-and-drag. To do this, hover


over a control point until you see a horizontal 2-way arrow.

Then hold down the “left” arrow on the keyboard and drag the fault
dip for that side of fault, or hold down “right” arrow and drag right
side of fault.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

• Left arrow: Adjust the fault dip on the left side of the fault.
• Right arrow: Adjust the fault dip on the right side of the fault.
• Up/Down arrows: Moves the entire block up or down.

While you are dragging the fault throw you will see the horizontal
arrow become a tilted arrow, indicating the direction of throw.

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As you drag the fault throw, in the Section view you will see the
Control Point line offset at the fault location.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

The following image shows the results of editing the left side of the
fault.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

The following image shows the results of editing the right side of
the fault.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

The following image shows the results of editing the entire fault
block (up or down). (Move horizontal arrow cursor up or down
without using the keyboard arrow keys.)

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Save Control Points as Faults


1. In the Section view, with the HWC Interpretations toggled on, or in
the Horizontal Correlation view, right-click any of the control points
that were used as a fault in the previous steps and select the Save
control point to fault... option.

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The Save Control Point to Fault dialog box appears.

2. Enter Fault_Student in the Fault name field.

3. Select the Both option for Export fault as.

4. Enter 100 meters in the Vertical Extent field and 50 meters in the
Lateral Extent field.

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5. Click OK.

6. In the Section view, toggle on the newly created fault and zoom into
the area to locate the Fault. If the Fault is not clearly seen, right-
click on the fault and select the Display Properties option, to
change its properties.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Note

Your Pick line length can vary depending on the vertical distance from the
correlated surface to well bore.

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Exercise 5-4. Using Dip and Fault Edits in the


Vertical Correlation View
Creating an interval in the Horizontal Correlation view will project the
predicted curve of the new interval into the Vertical Correlation view.
Make sure that the interval you are going to create in the following
exercise already has correlation control points or faults so they can be
also be displayed in the Vertical Correlation view.

1. Activate the Horizontal Correlation view. If you don’t have control


points from previous exercises, add some before going to the next
step.

2. Select the Select Interval option from the Actions section.

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3. Click to define the first and last points of the interval. If necessary,
after the interval is defined, you can click-and-drag to modify the
ends.

4. After creating the interval in the Horizontal Correlation view,


activate the VCV (TST) and toggle on GR_44 and
GR_PRJCTD_1 log curves. If necessary, adjust the scale and
display properties of the GR_PRJCTD_1 curve for better
visualization. You can see the same GR_PRJCTD_1 curve in each

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of the three views, displayed in the same color, over the chosen
interval.

Note

Intervals can be created only between the Maximum Stratigraphic Depth (shown as
red dot) and the TD of the drilling well.

5. Use the new GR_PRJCTD_1 curve, produced over the Well


Interval which you drew in your Vertical Correlation view to refine
the interpretation using the same methods of the Horizontal
Correlation view. You may want to modify the interval in
Horizontal Correlation view, as needed.

6. When you are finished with the interval interpretation, return to the
Horizontal Correlation view and remove the interval interpretation.

7. To save the HWC control points created when anchors are


interpreted, click the Save ( ) icon, in the HWC task pane. This
action will save the entire interpretation so it can easily load again.

Note

If you do not actively save HWC control point changes, they are automatically
written to the database when you exit the application.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Vertical LWD Traversal Options


A traversal is the point on the log where the computed TVT or TST
values transition from getting thicker to getting thinner, or vice versa,
going down the wellbore. The number of traversals across the selected
area can be assigned; either generated by the curves (TVT or TST
values), or based on a percentage of change. Each traversal generated is
listed separately in the Inventory task pane.

The Horizontal Correlation view now supports correlation in the


Vertical Correlation view. This tool is designed to detect these
stratigraphic LWD traversals and project them into the Vertical
Correlation view. Once these stratigraphic LWD traversals are
displayed, you can stretch and squeeze them to adjust the surface and
correlate the well.

As the drill bit moves through the rock, it might traverse


stratigraphically up or down on several different amplitudes and
wavelengths. Because of this, there could be many more tiny vertical
traversals than you may wish to pay attention to within a given selection
along the lateral. For instance, within a large scale stratigraphic up then
stratigraphic down traversal, there may exist many smaller scale up/
down traversals that you may not want projected to the Vertical
Correlation view. You may wish that only the larger-scale stratigraphic
up and stratigraphic down traversals get projected to the vertical view.

There are two methods for determining the traversal resolution.

Number of traversals
This is user defined for the interval. When this is selected, the projected
curves will be divided into the selected number of traversals.

• The range is 1 to 5, with increments of 1.


• If there are not enough transitions in the calculated TVT / TST
array, fewer traversals will be generated.
• If there are more than enough transitions, then the system will
select the optimal transition points to split out the traversals, based
on the selected number.

Percent (Delta) ΔTVT


This is system defined for the interval. The system will divide the
projected curves into one or more traversals.

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• The software automatically determines the number of traversals by


subtracting the minimum TVT of the interval from the maximum
TVT of the interval to determine the total stratigraphic thickness
encountered by the well over the horizontal transect.

— It then multiplies this thickness by a user-defined percentage to


determine the cutoff thickness for the definition of a traversal.
— The number of traversals is governed by how many are thicker
than the cutoff thickness.
— The splits will occur when the delta thickness from one
transition to a subsequent transition exceeds the Percent TVT X
the maximum delta thickness of the envelope defined by the
selected interval.
• A slider bar with percentages from 0% to 100%, in increments of
5%, is available for the ΔTVT cutoff percentage selection.

A spacing slider controller is provided to control the spacing between


individual vertical LWD traversals within the vertical correlation view.
This provides selection of the distance between the traversal points.

• It allows spacing in percentages from 0% to 30% in increments


of 5%.

• This enables you to overlay all curves on top of each other or


separate them.

To exit vertical traversal mode, <Ctrl> + MB2 on the interval.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

1. As above, select an interval in the HVC (THD) and then move to


VCV (TST).

2. Expand the Vertical LWD Traversal Options tab in the Horizontal


Well Correlation task pane (below the Actions tab) and set the

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Spacing to 15.

Note

You set the display properties of any curve by right-clicking the curve and selecting
the Display Properties option. (For example, to set the scale and color of curve.).

Moving the spacing slider to 15 causes the Log Curves to separate


further from each other in the Vertical Correlation view. Moving the
Spacing slider to 0 causes the Log Curves to lie directly on top of one
another in the Vertical Correlation view.

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3. In the Vertical LWD Traversal Options tab of the Horizontal Well


Correlation task pane, set the Number of traversals to 5.

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Log Curves GR_PRJCTD_1 through GR_PRJCTD_5 should


appear in the Inventory task pane and should be visible in the
Vertical Correlation view.

Note

If the curves GR_PRJCTD_1 through GR_PRJCTD_5 are not created, you might
need to again interpret the control points with faults in the Horizontal Correlation
view. Then it will create all of the 5 curves. If needed, set the display properties of
any curve.

4. With your cursor over a control point in the interval in the Vertical
Correlation view, press the left arrow key, then click-and-drag to
create a left normal fault.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

A left normal fault is created from a control point in the Vertical


Correlation view, and the change in the linear surface is present in
the Section view.

5. In the Vertical LWD Traversal Options tab, select Percent TVT.


Move the Percent TVT slider to 0.

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Note

Moving the Percent TVT slider to 0 results in more traversals being calculated for
a given interval, depending on the interval selected and the tortuosity of Log Curves
within it. The number of traversals is governed by how many are thicker than the
cutoff thickness, which is delineated by the user-defined Percent TVT cutoff
percentage selection. The bottom line is that more GR_PRJCTD log curves should
be produced when the slider is moved to 0.

6. In the Vertical LWD Traversal Options tab select Percent TVT.


Move the Percent TVT slider to 90.

Note

Moving the Percent TVT slider to 90 results in less traversals being calculated for
a given interval. The bottom line is that fewer GR_PRJCTD log curves should be
produced when the slider is moved to 90.

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Moving the Percent TVT slider to 100 results in no traversals being


calculated for a given interval. There should be no GR_PRJCTD log
curves present in the Inventory task pane with the Percent TVT
slider set to 100.

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7. Click Save.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Exercise 5-5. Updating FW surfaces with HWC


Interpretations Control Points
Up to now you have worked in the Linear Surface mode, meaning there
has been no FW in the session. Much of the HWC Control Point
functionality is best utilized when correlating wells between Framework
surfaces, as the Control Points created by your correlation will actively
update the surface you designate when you set up the HWC correlation
workflow.

You will create a simple Framework, and then make a new Horizontal
Well Correlation which will add to and update your FW as you go.

1. In your DSG main window, <Ctrl> + select the


Fangst_GP_HD_Top and Fangst_GP_HD_Base surface picks.
Right-click the surface picks and select Dynamic Frameworks to
FillTM > Add to New Framework...

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2. Set your Framework to Dynamic, Manual Mode.

3. Right-click the demo wells Well List and select the Well Details...
options.

The Well Details window appears.

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4. Select the upper most left square of the spreadsheet to highlight all
wells, and while holding down <Ctrl> clear one Active check box.
This will clear the Active check box for all wells.

5. Select the Active check box for only the wells with Well ID#34,
and #44, the 6507/7-A-36 and 6507/7-A-44.

6. Verify the two wells and your framework surfaces in the Cube view,
using the same LOS you created in exercise 5-1.

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7. Active the two wells and the framework in the Map and Section
view, using the LOS to project the seismic LOS to the Section view.
Notice that the HWC Interpretations are toggled on, and the Fangst
GP.HD Base interpretation is selected in all view.

8. Toggle on both Fangst GP.HD Top and Fangst GP.HD Base


HWC Interpretations in the Section view.

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9. Select both HWC Interpretations, right-click and select Dynamic


Frameworks to FillTM > Add to Existing Framework... > (the
name of the FW you created in step 1).

The Add Sources to Framework dialog box appears.

10. Assign the Fangst pick interpretations to the Framework object they
will be associated with.

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This means that the HWC Interpretation Control Points for each
surface will not be primary sources for the FW surfaces, but rather
will be secondary sources to help shape them.

11. Refresh the FW, so that it will update the surface using the HWC
Interpretation Controls Points, in the Frameworks to Fill task pane.

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12. Go back to the Cube and Section views and notice the change in
shape of the FW surfaces, which coincide with the HWC
Interpretation Control Points.

13. Switch your FW from Dynamic, Manual mode to Dynamic, Auto


Refresh mode, and make more stretch/squeeze correlations in the
HWC THD window.

14. Save the Interpretation.

15. Watch the FW surfaces in the Map, Cube and Section views to see
the automatic update of the FW surfaces as you interpret.

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16. Save your Framework as HWC_Control_Points_YOU.

17. Toggling between Linear Surface mode and Framework Surface


mode in HWC allows you to compare the surface definition you
achieve with your correlations. Now that you have created a FW
switch to Framework Surface mode.

Apparent Dip Report, Look Ahead Azimuth, and Target Lines


18. Highlight the Well Correlation THD view and click the Surface
Apparent Dip Report ( ) icon in the HWC task pane.

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A surface apparent dip report of the interpreted framework surface


will appear as below displaying the apparent bed dip in between
Control Points.

If you move your mouse in between two anchor point in the THD
well correlation view the corresponding apparent dip for that section
in the framework surface will be highlighted in the report. If you add
a new IWP in between any two existing IWP the surface apparent
dip report will update automatically.

19. Activating the Section view brings up the Actions section in the
Horizontal Well Correlation tab. You will notice in the Actions
section, the Target line options are available. This option provides
users with the ability to draw wellbore target lines using two modes
– TD to point or Two points.

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20. Notice that look ahead Azimuth is displaying 179.05 degrees,


which is the azimuth of the well derived from the bottom section of
the wellbore.

21. Enter 200 degrees in the box and press <Enter>.

This changes the azimuth of the extended Line of Section from


wellbore TD in the map and HWC Section view as shown below.

22. To go back to actual azimuth of the wellbore, click Refresh.

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23. The Look ahead distance is the THD distance displayed in the
Section view down hole from the drilling well’s TD. This default
value is 1000 feet. Entering a value supersedes the distance to the
default value. The Section and Map views are updated when the
user enters a value and selects the Enter key or exits the text box.

24. Click the Two Point Target Line ( ) icon and draw a two point
target line in the HWC Section view as shown below. Placing the
cursor over either endpoint changes it to a four way cursor and
allows the user to move the endpoint.

25. Click the Target Line Report ( ) icon to view the report.

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The Target Line Report ( ) icon calculates the Target Line TVD
at VS=0 and Target Line Inclination at VS=0 values and opens a
Target line report dialog box.

26. Click the TD target line ( ) icon.

You will notice that TD target line originates at the wellbore TD. left
click to establish the endpoint as shown below. Placing the cursor

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over the endpoint changes it to a four way cursor and allows the user
to move the endpoint.

27. Click the Target Line Report ( ) icon to view the report.

28. To cleat the target line, click the ( ) icon.

29. Click the Apparent Dip ( ) icon.

You then graphically draw a 2 point line on a surface or feature


where you wish to know the dip value. The value appears above the
line you drew in HWC Section view.

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Exercise 5-6. Deviation Surveys and Uncertainty


Range

Deviation Surveys
You now have the option to load preferred deviation survey information
by using the Select Session Data dialog box and display the deviation
points in their Section, Map, or Correlation views.

1. In the Select Session Data dialog box, add the add the <WELL
POSITION LOG SURVEY> Directional Survey to the session and
click OK.

2. Toggle on the directional survey for the Section view. Hover your

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cursor over one of the points that appear, and read its information.

Note

Directional survey data is displayed as survey points, or doughnuts, along a


wellbore and can be displayed in all views.

3. To reduce the number of data points that are displayed for the
directional survey, right-click the directional survey in the
Inventory task pane and select the Display Properties option. In
Section view you can also right-click in the Section view select the
Display Properties option.

4. In the Display Properties dialog box, change the Decimation Rate


to 3.

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5. Click OK.

Note

Directional survey data lets you see the exact position of a deviated wellbore; it is
a position log for the well. The survey shows the depth, in MD and TVD (below
Kelly Bushing) expressed in feet or meters; inclination (in feet or meters); and
azimuth (in degrees) at specific points along the wellbore. Directional surveys are
especially helpful to geosteering specialists to understand a well trajectory while it
is being drilled and to comprehend the wellbore and its related data post-drilling.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Uncertainty Range
Although the position of a surface relative to the well-bore may be
precisely known, its absolute spatial position (TVD, TVDSS) is subject
to error that is partly a function of wellbore position survey
uncertainties. This error value increases continuously along the lateral
section.

This enhancement involves bringing uncertainty ellipses into Horizontal


Well Correlation without the necessity of running the Well Planning
utility separately.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

1. In the Section view, right-click the 7-A-44 well and select


Uncertainty > Display Properties.

2. In the Display Properties dialog box, click the Tool Name pull-
down menu and change the Tool Name to MWD.

3. Expand the Display Parameters section and change the Number of


steps: to 50 (the possible values are between 1 and 100).

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

4. Click Apply. Experiment changing the Number of Steps value


again, while observing the changes in the Section view.

Notice more densely spaced sampling intervals.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

There is a defined survey Tool Name for this well. In the case of
multiple tools being used for a single well, rows can be added and
different tools can be defined over specific depth ranges.

Note

If you don’t see Well Planning in the Tools main menu, then after saving your
session, select File > Exit on the main menu and again launch the session. Now
select the Well Planning Module along with Geology and Geophysics, as you did
in beginning of this chapter. You are now able to see Well Planning in your main
tool menu.

5. You can also import new Survey Tool Errors directly from Well
Planning. In the DecisionSpace main window, select Tools > Well
Planning. When the Well Planning dialog box opens, select Tools
> Survey Tool Editor.

In the Directional Survey Tool Editor there are two main options
for entering the survey tool error.

• Hand input data in the systematic error section.


• Import data from a File.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

6. Click the Import button to browse in the Import dialog box for the
survey tool error file.

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7. Right-click the well and select the Uncertainty option, or click the
Uncertainty ( ) icon in the Actions section of the Horizontal Well
Correlation task pane.

8. Toggle off the directional survey.

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Chapter 5: Horizontal Well Correlation

Exercise 5-7. Performance Enhancements

Multi-User Behavior in Horizontal Well Correlation


Horizontal Well Correlation has been significantly enhanced to better
support a multiple-user environment. These behaviors are controlled at
the OpenWorks level of the system. In other words, they are controlled
by the database access settings for a given user. Horizontal Well
Correlation Interpretations will behave according to source priority and
the current user’s access level to the project.

• If the current user has Manage access to the project, editing of other
interpreter ID’s Horizontal Well Correlation Interpretations is
allowed. Other interpreter ID’s Horizontal Well Correlation
interpretations can be preferred.

• If the current user has Interpret access to the project, editing of the
other Public interpreter ID’s Horizontal Well Correlation
Interpretations is allowed. If the other interpreter ID’s access to the
project is Private, editing is not allowed, but Save As to save a copy
to the current interpreter ID is allowed.

• If the current user has Browse access to the project, only loading/
viewing Horizontal Well Correlation Interpretations is allowed; no
editing or saving is permitted.

The Following is Recommended Practice


• When starting your DecisionSpace session, utilize a unique
Interpreter from the other people working in the same reservoir.

• This will eliminate the possibility of your Horizontal Well


Correlation interpretation from being modified.

• Make sure you save all of your work in your own session. This will
eliminate someone else from modifying your work without your
knowledge.

• If someone else is working with the same DecisionSpace


Interpreter, on the same well, in the same interpretation, warning

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boxes appear. The contents of the warning depends on what the


other user has changed:

If another user deletes the interpretation you are working on, the
following dialog box appears:

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Glossary G

Drilling Concepts and Terms

Drilling Concepts

A directional well profile may have the following sections:

• A vertical section dropping from the surface or platform

• The kickoff point (KOP), the point on the wellbore at which the
well path first departs from vertical

• A curved, or build, section to gain lateral distance with depth

• The end of build point (EOB) at which straight hole drilling


resumes

• A straight, or tangent, section is sometimes added to correct for


drift and provide a “soft” landing into the target

• The final tangent section through the target bed (for a horizontal
well it will be 90°)

L1 Measured Depth of Kick Off


B Build Rate at Start
I1 Maximum Inclination Angle Held
L2 Length of Hold Section
D Drop Rate
I2 Final Inclination
L3 Length of Final Hold

Multiple targets may not be in the same vertical plane. This creates the
need to turn the wellbore sideways as you continue to drill downwards.
This gives you one more parameter to consider: The turn rate, which is

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Glossary – Drilling Concepts and Terms

the rate of change in the well path direction with respect to a horizontal
plan. It is measured in degrees per 100 feet or per 30 meters.

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Glossary – Drilling Concepts and Terms

Terms and Definitions

Azimuth The direction of the target’s dip, measured in degrees


clockwise from the North.

Build The section of a well where the direction of the well is changed
until it reaches the desired inclination and azimuth. This has the effect
of curving the wellbore outward from the surface location.

Build rate At any particular depth, the rate of inclination increase of


the wellbore, measured in degrees per 100 feet, or degrees per 30
meters.

Closure The horizontal component of the distance between a well’s


surface location and a designated point at depth, projected to the
surface.

Computed well plan A well plan that you have calculated that
incorporates engineering values you specify.

Current well plan The well plan that is currently selected for editing.

Digitized well plan A preliminary well plan, consisting of a series of


connected targets.

Dip The angle of inclination between the target and horizontal,


measured in degrees.

Dogleg severity (DLS) Calculated from a formula involving build,


turn, and drop rates. DLS describes the overall sharpness of a given
bend in the well. Higher DLS numbers indicate sharper bends.
Measured in degrees per 100 feet or per 30 meters.

Drop rate At any particular depth, the rate of inclination decrease of


the wellbore, measured in degrees per 100 feet or per 30 meters;
basically a negative build.

Elevation Distance of the surface location from sea level, usually a


height above sea level and therefore a positive number.

Inclination At any particular depth, the angular deviation of the


wellbore from vertical, measured in degrees.

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Glossary – Drilling Concepts and Terms

Kickoff point (KOP) The measured depth along the wellbore of the
point at which a well begins to deviate from vertical.

Measured depth (MD) Actual distance of the wellbore measured from


the rig’s rotary kelly bushing to a designated point.

Orientation Direction of the radius of a circle or ellipse, measured in


degrees clockwise from the North.

Penetration point Point at which the well path encounters a target.


The penetration point of normal targets is at the center of the target.

Plan A component of a well planning project, a plan is composed of a


set of targets, with instructions for how to drill them.

Rat hole Field term for a segment of the borehole dug past the end of
the last target to accommodate logging and completion equipment.

Redline Any drilling parameters that exceed a drilling or safety limit


set by the user or by the limits of the equipment.

Sidetrack The drilling of a new and differently directed hole that


begins using an existing borehole, and diverges at a specified depth.

Reference target A target, although part of a plan, that is not used in


the calculation of its well path.

Subsea elevation Distance from sea level to a designated point,


usually measured as vertical depth below sea level and therefore a
negative number.

Surface location For onshore wells, the point at which the wellbore
intersects the surface of the earth.

Tangent section A section of borehole with constant inclination


designed in the build section of a directional well.

Target An area through which a calculated well path must pass. The
size of shape of the target sets the boundaries within which the wellbore
is to be drilled. Because targets are available to an entire well plan
project, they can be assigned to one or more plans or to no plan at all.

Tool face The angle made by the plane of the bent sub (a part of the
course correction tool) with a reference direction, either magnetic
North or the direction of the high side of the hole.

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Glossary – Drilling Concepts and Terms

Top hole A straight section of well extending between the kelly


bushing and the kickoff point.

Total depth (TD) The total measured distance from a reference point,
usually the rig’s rotary kelly bushing, and the bottom of the wellbore.

Total directional (cumulative directional) At a designated depth, the


cumulative number of feet or meters of wellbore requiring directional
control; provides an indication of the cost associated with drilling.

True vertical depth (TVD) Vertical straight line distance from the
rig’s rotary kelly bushing to a designated point at depth.

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Glossary – Drilling Concepts and Terms

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Appendix A

Reference Material

Selected Workflows for Unconventional Fields

This section of the Reference Materials Appendix contains independent


workflows intended to enhance understanding of DecisionSpace Well
Planning to develop Onshore (Horizontal and Unconventional) well and
field plans.

Note

Workflows are in no particular order, and are independent of each other. Use these
speciality workflows for further functionality information and additional features
that were not covered in the general course.

Grid Utilities
Both TracPlanner and AssetPlanner use OpenWorks grids for a number
of purposes. These purposes range from spotting platforms on land, or
the sea floor, to selecting target depths, or extracting azimuths for
orienting elliptical targets and horizontal sections.

In many of these cases, you can specify range limits for acceptable
values on those grids. It is also possible to alter the grid values in certain
areas to ‘out of range’ values, and use the grids to indicate no-go areas
for target or platform placement.

To make it easier to create these modified grids, the Grid Utilities allow
you to take an existing grid, reduce it down to your project area, and alter
portions of it based upon either the colors in an image, or directly by
areas under boundary and hazard targets. You can also create grids from
scratch if you do not already have a subsurface or topography grid that
you would like to use.

To use Grid Utilities, follow the procedures described in this section.

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Creating NO-GO Areas Under Hazards and Boundaries


1. Open the Well Planning tool by selecting Tools > Well Planning in
the main session window.

2. In the Well Planning window, select File > Open Project from >
OpenWorks.

3. Select the desired Well Planning project from which to create a


grid.

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4. In the main session window, navigate to the Inventory task pane


and toggle on the Well Planning project just opened. Here we have
boundary and hazard outlines, as shown.

5. In the Well Planning window, select Tools > Grid Utilities to begin
creating the desired grid type for analysis.

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6. In the Grid Utilities window, select the Modify Grids using


boundaries and hazards (No Go) option from the Option drop-
down list.

7. Select a surface grid from the Grid in drop-down list. Note that
only loaded surface grids will appear in this menu.

8. Select the Use grid limits check box to use the original surface grid
size. Selecting this check box will size the grid to be slightly larger
than the area encompassing existing project targets.

9. Select the Constant Value check box to indicate that you want the
grid nodes under the hazard and boundary targets to have a specific
value. Otherwise, the utility will assign the grid nodes under the
hazard and boundary targets to the values of those targets.

10. Set 1100 for the New Value field. For the purposes of this grid, the
value represents elevation.

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By inputting 1100, the software sets the grid nodes under the hazard and
boundary targets to have a specific value of 1100, rather than the
elevation values of the original grid.

11. Specify the name for the modified grid in the New Grid name
field. The modified grid will be saved in OpenWorks.

12. Click OK.

13. In order to view the modified grid, first load it into the session via
the Select Session Data window.

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Note that you may need to refresh the window by clicking the
Refresh button in the top horizontal menu.

14. In the main session window, ensure the Map view is selected and
use the Inventory to toggle-on the new grid and to toggle-off all
others.

Note the color bar in the Color task pane. When the modified grid is
selected in the drop-down menu, you see that blue, pink and purple
are the only values above 1100 (feet above MSL, in this particular
case). Therefore, only these colors are shown on the grid. In

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addition, the No-Go areas have been extracted from the original
grid, as indicated by the arrows below.

Creating Go Areas Under Hazards and Boundaries


1. Return to Tools > Grid Utilities, and make the following selections:

2. Select the Modify Grid using boundaries and hazards (Go)


option from the Option drop-down list.

3. Select OW UNKNOWN test_contour_grid for the Grid in the


drop-down list.

4. Select the Use project limits radio button.

5. Set 1100 for the New Value field.

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6. Enter a name for the modified grid in the New grid name field.
The modified grid is saved in OpenWorks.

7. Refresh the entries in Select Session Data window and bring the
modified grid into the session as before.

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8. Navigate to the Inventory in the main session window and toggle on


the new grid in Map view. No-Go areas are solid.

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Creating a Flat Grid


Flat Grids create a plane at a designated depth that will slice the grid
surface.

1. Open the Grid Utilities tool and select the Create flat grid option
from the Option drop-down menu.

2. Select the Use project limits radio button.

3. Set the value (elevation in this case) of the modified grid by


inputting it into the New value field.

4. Name the modified grid in the New grid name field and click OK.

5. In Select Session Data window, refresh the session data and load
the newly modified grid.

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6. In the Inventory task pane, toggle on the new grid in the Cube view
to see the new flat grid.

Extending Lateral Length with Constant Azimuth


Sometimes it is ideal to extend or shorten the lateral length of a plan in
order to accommodate changes in subsurface data models or to
maximize target coverage. In order to do so while keeping a constant
lateral azimuth, use the Adjust Length option.

1. In the Well Planning tree, expand the plan containing the lateral
whose length will be modified.

The software allows the length of the lateral section to be increased


or decreased from either the heel or the toe.

Note

To modify the lateral length from both ends, two iterations of this process is
required – one with the heel adjustment, and one with the toe adjustment.

2. Right-click the target intended to be moved and select the Target


Editor option.

3. Ensure that Optimum Align is set to Locked. This ensures that the
trend of the lateral (azimuth) remains constant.

4. Close the Target Editor to return to the Well Planning tool.

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5. Right-click the plan of interest in the hierarchy and select the


Adjust Length option.

This opens the Modify Length for Plan dialog box.

6. Select the Adjust heel or Adjust toe option, depending on which


endpoint of the lateral section you would like to move.

7. In addition, input the total Lateral length desired, not the


additional lateral length.

Here we intend to maintain the same landing curve and landing point.
Therefore, we have elected to adjust the toe. You can see its effect
immediately on the view screens (illustrated on the following page).
Note that the unselected target type (the heel) did not move.

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8. Now view your extended (or shortened) laterals in the viewers and
how the planned survey has now changed in TracPlanner. When
adjusting the heel, the entire trajectory will change however much
to accommodate.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Manually Updating Depths of Laterals and Landing Curves


Similar to the Adjust Length tool, Adjust Depth allows you to fine-tune
laterals and landing points in zones with challenging engineering
restrictions or when subsurface information changes. Adjust Depth.

By right-clicking a target in the Well Planning hierarchy and selecting


the Adjust Depth option, the Modify Measured Depth for Target dialog
box opens, where the desired MD is inputted. The software will
automatically update the planned survey accordingly.

Since MD is the type of depth being adjusted, the plan will follow up the
path of the wellbore and may no longer be perpendicular the well path.
You can realign the target to be perpendicular to the well path via the
Snap Targets feature.

In addition, once the MD is adjusted, simply inputting the former value for
MD will not return the target to its original location. This is due to the fact
that the software is now adjusting the MD of an entirely new trajectory. If
possible, to revert to the original trajectory, you must select Undo.

Establishing Target-Surface Relationships via Target Surface Editor


Use this editor to establish and maintain relationships between targets
and surfaces as surfaces are modified. DecisionSpace Well Planning
does not need to be open when you modify the surfaces. You can save
the relationships, and reload them at a later time.

1. Highlight a project, target or plan in the Well Planning Explorer.


Right-click and select the Target Surface Editor option.

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2. Use Upper surface to select the surface above all the targets. This
drop-down list contains all the surface grids selected using the
DecisionSpace software Select Session Data dialog box.

3. Use Lower surface to select the surface below all the targets. This
drop-down list contains all the surface grids selected using the
DecisionSpace Select Session Data dialog box.

4. Edit the value in the desired cell. For example, assume a target is
located on the top surface, but you want it to be located 10 feet
above the base surface. Enter 10 in the Above Base cell for the
target. All cells related to that target will be updated. You do not
need to click the Update using Above Base button unless you have
updated a surface using another DecisionSpace module.

• If you want the change applied to all targets, click the Apply
Last Edit to All button.

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• If you want the change applied to a selected number of targets,


use the <Ctrl> and <Shift> keys to select the targets you want
to apply the changes to. Click the Apply Last Edit to Selected
button.

• If you want to save the relationships to the targets, click the Save
to file button. Use the Load from file button at a later date to use
the specified relationships.

5. Click Close to close this dialog box.

When should I click Update using Percentage, Update using TVD,


Update using Below Top, or Update using Above Base buttons?

You should use these buttons when you have updated a surface using
another DecisionSpace module and you want to maintain the same
relationship with the surface. For example, assume you have modified the
top surface and you want the targets to remain the same distance below the

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top surface. To maintain this relationship, click the Below Top column, and
then click Update using Below Top. If you want the targets to remain the
same relative distance between the surfaces, click the Percentage column,
and then click Update using Percentage.

The DecisionSpace Well Planning – COMPASS Integration


Designed for Offshore (Unconventional & Horizontal) Well Planning

Objective
To outline how to send well design data between the OpenWorks and
EDM (Engineer’s Data Model) databases using the Live Link between
the DS Well Planning and COMPASS applications

This workflow outlines the process required to transfer data from a field
development plan from OpenWorks to EDM via DS Well Planning in
order to fine-tune and perform further anticollision and/or other analyses
in COMPASS Finally, the workflow will demonstrate how to send
changes applied to well or field plans back to the well planning tool,
where these changes are reflected in the 3D Cube View.

Note

Although the integration between DecisionSpace Well Planning and COMPASS is


indeed supported by previous versions, this specific workflow was designed using
DecisionSpace Well Planning 5000.8.3 on OpenWorks® 5000.8.3 and COMPASS
from the Engineer’s Desktop 5000.1.10 on EDM 5000.1.10.

The screen captures and other information may not be completely accurate
depictions for use in other versions.

Before You Start


The geodetic datum is a set of reference points on the Earth's surface
from which global position measurements are made, and allow for
consistency among measurements. Determine the geodetic datum
(cartographic reference system, etc.) used in the OpenWorks project
where the well planning project has been saved. Ensure that this
information is consistent with the EDM project that will contain these
designs.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Changing the Geodetic Datum in COMPASS


Refer to the Project Properties window and navigate to the Map Info tab to
verify and/or modify the geodetic datum in COMPASS.

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Changing the Geodetic System in DS Well Planning via OpenWorks


Use the OpenWorks Launcher to go to the Project Administration tool. Here,
you can right-click the OpenWorks project of interest and select Modify.

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After selecting the Modify option, you can see the current cartographic
reference system (CRS) and modify it if needed.

You will also need to know the login information used to access the particular
EDM database of interest. Note that you can auto-populate the window by
using the Previous drop-down menu to select login information that was used
in previous data transfers.

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Save to EDM
Use this feature to send well or field design information to COMPASS
(and EDM) for further development and more robust anti-collision
analysis.

1. Start by opening or creating a well or field plan using DS Well


Planning. Below, we have loaded a 6-pad horizontal field plan that
was created in DS Well Planning using geoscience data, such as
formation top and bottom surface maps.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

2. In the Well Planning window, select Data > Save to EDM.

This will open the EDM Login window. Here you will fill in the
location information for the EDM database of interest.

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3. Click OK.

This will open the Target EDM Project window, in which you can
input a prefix and/or suffix for the sites/platforms. In addition, this
window is used to choose the EDM cartographic system and target
EDM project to where you will be saving the plan information.

4. Match the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) of the project in the


EDM database to the CRS of the DS Well Planning project.

The reason that the Project Level is the most detailed level to which
you can assign the plan designs, is because the geodetic data is
contained within the Map Info tab of Project Properties.

Optional: Add a prefix or suffix to the name of your sites.

Note

Incorrectly matching the CRS’s will result in changes in survey locations.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

5. Observe your designs within COMPASS. Well plans in DS Well


Planning become Planned Designs in COMPASS. Similarly,
OpenWorks wells from DS Well Planning become Actual Designs
in COMPASS.

All OpenWorks wells are grouped together under one site labeled
Surface Wells. They are referenced to the site center that is defined
by the first OpenWorks well that was copied over.

Note in the hierarchy for COMPASS that not one of the original
COMPASS designs or surveys were overwritten, or otherwise
edited. The movement of data via the DS Well Planning tool ensures
that no data is overwritten; rather it makes copies if necessary. This
protects surveys stored within COMPASS via EDM, as well as
makes is possible to view iterations side-by-side to see what
progress is being made.

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Load From EDM


Use this feature to load designs from COMPASS into DS Well
Planning.

1. Make changes to the plan or field designs based on the features


available in the EDT suite of applications. Here, in COMPASS, I
moved all of the wells assigned from Pad 6 to Pad 2, so now we only
see five pads.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

2. Save your changes and navigate to the DS Well Planning tool again.
Select Data > Load from EDM.

3. Select the desired sites to transfer from EDM and the EDM
cartographic reference system to keep the well location reference
datum the same.

4. Observe your new designs in any of the viewers in DS Well


Planning. Below you can see that the plans from Pad 6 were moved
to Pad 2, and now only five pads are shown in the 3D Cube view.

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Adding Data to an Existing Interpretation Set


Once an ISet is created, there are three methods of adding data to an ISet.
Note that you can add data to both an empty or populated ISet.

• Dragging data from the Inventory task pane

Note

If the Inventory and Tools task panes are located on the same side of the main
session window, you must MB3 on only one of task pane tabs and select either
Move to right or Move to left. This will allow for the separation of the task panes
that is needed in order to drag data into the ISet.

• Dragging data from the top or bottom panes of the Select Session
Data tool

• Dragging data from one ISet to another within the Edit/Browse tab

Note

When dragging data from one Iset to another, the data is not actually moved. The
item is merely associated with the new Interpretation Set.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Using Datum Shifting in the GIS Tool


A geological datum is a reference from which measurements are
created. That is, it is a set of reference points on the earth's surface
against which position measurements are made. It is usually an
associated model of the earth's shape used to define a Coordinate
Reference System (CRS).

In GIS, you can use the datum shift system to go from one CRS to
another. There is a datum shift that can be defined using the “Set
Cartographic Reference System” dialog. This is the map datum shift
from the map CRS to the CRS called WGS84. Another datum shift can
be defined through the Transformation tab on the Layer Properties
dialog box. This is the layer datum shift from the layer CRS to WGS84.

Internally, the software will combine the two and compose the final
datum shift from the layer to the map. If two layers have the same CRS,
defining the datum shift once is adequate. If the map CRS is already in
WGS84, there is no need to define the map datum shift. If the layer CRS
is already in WGS84, there is no need to define the layer datum shift.

Shifting Map Datum


1. To use map datum shifting, click Map > Set Cartographic
Reference System.

The New Map Coordinate System dialog box appears.

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2. The cartographic parameters appear in the top panel as Well Known


Text (WKT). Four radio buttons identify the type of conversion to
be used:

• World Geodetic System 1984 – the CRS will be set to WGS84


• Current project coordinate system (Transform…) – the
current project CRS will be converted as shown in parenthesis
• Coordinate systems applicable to the current GISView
extent – choose from a list of CRS’s and transformations that are
valid for the GISView extent area
• General coordinate systems – choose from a list of all available
CRS’s and transformations know to the application.

3. Select the option that applies to the conversion you want, then click
OK.

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If you choose an option that requires the selection of the coordinate


system, the dialog shown here appears.

4. Click the Projected Coordinate System tab or Geographic


Coordinate System tab.

5. Depending on which tab is chosen, select a Projected CRS or a


Geographic CRS in the upper panel.

6. Select the appropriate transformation Name and Description in the


Transformation (datum shift) panel.

7. Click OK to shift the map datum.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Shifting Layer Datum


If you have a layer that is not WGS84, you will need to define the shift
for the layer.

1. MB3 on a GIS layer, then select Layer > Layer Properties.

The Layer Properties dialog box appears.

The Transformations suitable for the layer radio button displays


no entries if it cannot recognize that the CRS as an ESRI® CRS. If
you select the Transformations suitable for the current GISView
extent radio button, all predefined ESRI CRS’s will be displayed.

2. Select the appropriate radio button, and then select the desired
transformation.

3. Click OK to shift the layer datum.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Determining the Optimal Visual Interface (Dark vs. Light)


DecisionSpace has a new look and feel due to the extensive research and
development done to the user interface and overall usability design. A
critical factor in color perception and acuity is the background color against
which foreground objects appear. Within the application, we have created
two interface treatments that reflect two different background color
intensities:

• Dark interface look and feel


• Light interface look and feel

We suggest that your choice of interface look & feel be predicated not
only on your personal preference, but more importantly, on the ambient
lighting environment of your office. As a general rule, when you use
your computer, your ambient lighting should be about half as bright as
images being display on your computer screen. This will significantly
reduce eye strain and fatigue.

For DecisionSpace suite software, we recommend choosing the


interface look and feel by matching it to the ambient light of your office:

— If you are in a brightly-lit office, you should choose the light


interface.
— If you are in a dimly-lit office, you should choose the dark
interface.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

The light look is the default, but there is another look (interface), for
your use called dark, as shown above.

You can easily transfer between interfaces in a single session, depending


on what you want to accomplish (printing a screen capture, for instance)
and what feels right to you. Switching interfaces simply consists of
selecting Window > Interface from the top menu bar in the main
session window menu and choosing Light or Dark. This can be done as
many times as desired during a single session.

Note

The interface chosen or left as the default will become part of the user preferences.
That is, each time a session is opened, new or saved, the last interface (Dark vs.
Light) will be the interface for that session.

In addition, OpenWorks applications will honor the interface setting chosen here as
well.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Using the Shared Memory Manager to Enhance Seismic Functionality


The Shared Memory Manager provides quick access to seismic volume
files and allows for seamless seismic volume movements once loaded with
a seismic volume. That is, when dragging seismic probes, the seismic
volume will not turn transparent; rather, it will display dynamic seismic
data while dragging. This allows for accurate visual referencing.

In addition, with the Shared Memory Manager, you will have the
ability to:

? Easily load any individual seismic volumes or multiple seismic volumes


to the Shared Memory via the Inventory task pane or Select Session Data
window

• Manually scale or trim & decimate any seismic volume

• Graphically see instantaneous breakdowns of memory usage

• Quickly note whether scaling and/or trimming & decimating have


been specified

• Quickly determine whether the loading of a seismic volume to Shared


Memory has been successful.

• Save a Shared Memory volume as a .vol file to decrease loading time

Loading via Select Session Data


1. Open the Select Session Data window and select the 3D Surveys
tab in the data tree. Choose the desired survey to display its list of
seismic volumes.

2. Select the Load Volumes to Shared Memory ( ) icon at the top


right of the Select Session Data dialog box to open the Shared
Memory features. Note that this icon becomes active only when 3D
Survey seismic volumes are listed in the upper panel. You do not
need to select a seismic volume at this point.

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Loading via the Inventory Tree


You can also load a seismic volume by using the MB3 menu in the
Inventory tree:

1. MB3 the name of a seismic volume (not the 3D Survey name) in the
Inventory tree and select Load to Shared Memory.

Modifying Volumes in Shared Memory


The Modifying window displays. Here, seismic loading parameters
can be manipulated and analyzed.

Advanced
Loading Options:
Limit by decimation,
scale, etc.

2. Click OK to proceed.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Navigating the File Source Options for Seismic Volumes


The Load Volumes to Shared Memory window appears, and
presents the following features:

• Volumes on Disk: The default. When this tab is selected, the


three toggles listed below appear in the interface. Each of these
categories display .vol files, which are 8-bit seismic volumes.

— GeoProbe: Lists all .vol files under GeoProbe shortcuts.


associated with the current survey.
— OpenWorks Disk Volumes: Displays .vol files that exist in
OpenWorks storage.
— Browse: Navigate to any file location to select a .vol file
— OpenWorks tab: OpenWorks seismic volumes (bricked,
compressed, and .3dv formatted) are displayed when you select
this tab.

• Memory Usage graphic: Located on the right side of the dialog


box, this pie chart illustrates how much memory is available,
requested, and being used. When you click to select one or more
seismic volumes, the graphic updates. If your request exceeds
the available amount of shared memory, the pie chart turns red,
as a warning to deselect one or more volumes.

• Modify icons: These appear in the column to the left of a


volume’s name. Clicking on one of these icons opens the
Modifying dialog box, with the tabs Trim & Decimate or Scale.
Click on one of the tabs to perform the appropriate operation.
When your modification is complete, the icon next to the volume
name takes on an orange background in the Load Volumes to
Shared Memory dialog box.

Note

Use <Ctrl> and <Shift> to load more than one volume simultaneously.

3. Choose the desired seismic volume(s) and click OK.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

Managing the Shared Memory


The Shared Memory Manager dialog box appears, which displays
the available memory, other files within the Shared Memory, as well
as the loading progress.

Here you can also choose to save the seismic volume as a .vol file.

When the loading is complete, a green checkmark appears to the left


of the seismic volume's name.

4. To remove a volume from the Shared Memory, select it within the


list of volumes in the Shared Memory Manager window and click
the Delete ( ) icon.

The software prompts you to confirm the deletion request.

5. Click Yes to remove the seismic volume from the Shared Memory.

Note that this will not delete the volume from the OpenWorks
project database.

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Appendix A: Reference Material

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Appendix B

Support
Landmark Customer Support is available to you through the Internet and phone.

Contacting Landmark Customer Support

Landmark Customer Support operates Technical Assistance Centers


(TACs) in Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Customer Support provides technical assistance on Landmark
applications. The website for Landmark is:

Landmark (http://www.landmarksoftware.com)

Requests for support can be made by:

• Landmark Customer Support Portal

See Submitting a Request for Technical Assistance below.

• Email

support@landmarksoftware.com

• Telephone

See Technical Assistance Centers below.

Submitting a Request for Technical Assistance


To submit a request for technical assistance:

1. Open Landmark Customer Support Portal (http://


www.landmarksoftware.com/Pages/Support.aspx) in a browser.

2. Hover the mouse cursor over the Sign In To Landmark Portals


area on the right of the webpage. Text boxes for your registered
email account and password appear.

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Appendix B: Support

3. Log in. The Sign In To Landmark Portals area is renamed to


Landmark Portals.

4. In the Landmark Portals area, select Customer Support Portal.


The Support Portal Home page appears in the browser.

5. In the Case & Defect Information area on the right, select Create A
New Case. The Add Case page appears in the browser.

6. Fill in the requested information.

Provide:

• Details about your technical concern, including any error


messages.

• Workflow steps where the problem occurred.

• Attachments of screen shots that capture the problem.

7. Click Submit.

A support analyst in the nearest Technical Assistance Center will


respond to your request.

Technical Assistance Centers


The hours of operation are:

8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m., local time

Monday-Friday, excluding holidays

The phone numbers for the Technical Assistance Centers are:

• Asia Pacific, Malaysia

+61-8-9481-4488

Toll Free +1-800-803-687 (Malaysia)

• Europe, Africa, Middle East, Eurasia, United Kingdom

+44-1372-868686

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Appendix B: Support

• Latin America, USA

+1-713-839-3405 (Spanish, Portuguese, English)

• North America, USA

+1-713-839-2200 (Houston, TX, USA)

Toll Free +1-877-435-7542

For more information about contacting Customer Support, see:

http://www.landmarksoftware.com/Pages/ContactSupport.aspx

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Appendix B: Support

B-4 DecisionSpace® Well Planning: Onshore Methods – Volume 2

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