AAC (Autoclaved aerated concrete) Concept

Main raw materials of AAC are siliceous material (sand, fly ash and

Silicon tailings) and Calcium materials (lime and cement) mixed with

foaming agent (aluminum powder). It is the product of light porous

silicate through the following processes: batching, mixing, pouring,

hardening, cutting, autoclaving and curing etc. Because of large amount

of well-distributed tiny pores after foaming, it is namedautoclaved aerated

concrete（AAC）.

AAC Classification

In general, it can be classified according to the types of raw materials,

manufacture process and functions. Based on the shape of AAC products,

it can be divided into: AAC blocks and AAC panels. It is a

revolutionary material offering an unique combination of high durability

and strength, low weight, excellent heat insulation, fire resistant, noise

absorption, unprecedented build ability and superior ecological green

features. In China, AAC is one of the light wall materials which was

popularized and applied at the earliest and the most widely.

1、Low weight: holes gap: 70%~80%; volume density: 400～

700kg/m3,1/4 of common cement ,1/3 of fireclay brick and 1/2 air brick,

able to float like wood, and to reduce building weight and low building

comprehensive construction cost.

2、Fire resistant: well fire resistance performance without harmful

gas when fired; able to resistant 700°,225mins for 100mm wall and

480mins for 200mm wall.

3、Noise absorption: absorbing noise with porous structure; 100mm

can absorb 41 decibel.

4、Heat insulation: excellent heat insulation with large amount of

holes and micro pores; coefficient of thermal conductivity:

0.11-0.16W/MK, 1/4-1/5 of fireclay brick.

5、Anti-permeability: low water-uptake for the materials consist

independent pores

6、Anti-seismic: comparing to fireclay brick, AAC can increase 2

seismic levels.

7、Ecological green: no pollution during manufacture, transportation

and application; protect farm land, save energy and reduce consumption.

8、High durability: stable strength of materials, in the specimen after one year
atmospheric exposure test, strength increased by 25%, ten years later still remained stable.

9、Easy workability: unprecedented build ability offers advantages

to construct

10、Economic: comparing to fireclay bricks, AAC reduces 5%

comprehensive construction cost

AAC Application：

Non-load-bearing masonry is the most widely produced and used

with the volume density 500 kg/m3 and 600 kg/m3. It is mainly used as
filler and partition without bearing load. Load-bearing masonry, with the

volume density 700 kg/m3 and 800 kg/m3, was used to undertake load

after being specially disposed in construction. Thermal-insulation block,

with the volume density 300 kg/m3 and 400 kg/m3, was mainly used for

heat insulation in buildings. Roof panel and wall panel is reinforced AAC

panel with different reinforced condition for different purpose.

AAC Block Standards：

Standard number: GB 11968-2006 Standard code: AAC blocks

Replacement: GB/T 11968-1997 Implementation date:2006-12-01

Department issued: General Administration of Quality Supervision,

Inspection and Quarantine of PRC and Standardization Administration of

PRC Brief Introduction: This standard formulated AAC terms,

definition, product classification, raw material, requirements, inspection

method, inspection rules, and quality specification, storage and

transportation.

AAC Raw Materials：

Abundant raw materials can be used to produce AAC, especially

flyash which is the ideal kind of wall material to take the place of fireclay

bricks, not only can it make use of industrial solid waste, curb

environmental pollution, protect farm land, but also can create benefits to

social effect and economic effect. Over these years, it has been greatly

supported by national wall-revolution policy, tax policy and

environmental policy.

1、Fly ash: the core raw material of AAC product; the main resource of

silica-aluminum components; correspond with JC409-91

2、Cement: the strength of fly ash AAC product mainly depends on

cement which provides calcium materials. The cement suits to the AAC

product lying on its type and label. Ordinary Portland Cement 52.5

should be first choice. While considering the cost of production Ordinary

Portland Cement could also be a choice.

3、Lime: one of the main raw materials of fly ash AAC; the main effect is

to provide efficient calcium oxide with cooperation of cement making

calcium oxide react with SiO2、Al2O3 in hot water then to produce

calcium silicate hydrate. Therefore, lime is also the main resource of

strength. Effective calcium oxide of lime should not less than 65%, over

80% is perfect and should accord with JC/T621-1996.

4、Gypsum: gypsum plaster in the fly ash aerated concrete, is in the

process of gas regulator. Gypsum regulation is mainly manifested in the

quick lime digestion and slurry thickening speed slow. Gypsum is the

main chemical composition of CaSO4. At present, there are three kinds of

the plaster on the market: gypsum and anhydrite and plaster of Paris. In

addition, in the process of chemical production waste gypsum is also

produced. Such as phosphate fertilizer production from phosphogypsum,

fluorine chemicals discharge of fluorgypsum, titanium white production

of titanium white plaster, and so on. Plaster of low cost, can replace

natural gypsum, reduce the production cost.

5、Foaming Agent: There must be foaming materials working as foaming

agent making air holes to form porous structure.

6、Foam Stability: After foaming, the thin bubbles are easily breakup

disturbed by other things affecting AAC quality.

Typical Formula and Consumption of Fly ash AAC

Fly ash: content ratio 70%, consumption 350kg/m3; Cement: content

ratio 13.8%, consumption 25-30kg/m3; Lime: content ratio 13.8%,

consumption 140-150kg/m3; Phosphogypsum: content ratio 2.96%,

consumption 15kg/m3; Aluminum: micro scale, consumption 0.4kg/m3

Typical Formula and Consumption of Sand AAC

Sand: content ratio 69.2%, consumption 350kg/m3; Cement: content

ratio 13.8%, consumption 70kg/m3; Lime: content ratio 13.8%,

consumption 70kg/m3; Gypsum: content ratio 2.96%, consumption

15kg/m3; Aluminum: micro scale, consumption 0.4kg/m3