1.

A psychometric developing a new test wants test (questions) to correlate with the
total test score to show that the items reflect the same trait as the total test. Below
are items score for two of items and total test scores for 24 students.
a. Correlate item 1 with the total score and provide your interpretation on it
b. Correlate item 2 with the total score and give your interpretation on it
c. Correlate item 1 with item 2 (R = right, W = wrong) and specify your
interpretation on it

Student Item 1 Item 2 Total Student Item 1 Item 2 Total

A R W 21 M R W 16
B W R 12 N W W 9
C W W 11 O R R 14
D R W 18 P R R 18
E R W 16 Q W R 11
F W W 10 R R R 15
G R R 12 S W W 8
H W W 7 T W R 6
I R R 19 U R R 19
J W W 9 V W W 10
K R R 13 W R R 17
L W R 10 X R W 16

Answer:

For psychometric test, R is given score = 1 and W is given score = 0. So the dataset can
be put into table as follow:

N= 24

Item 1 Item 2 Total

Student X2 Y2 XY
(X) (Y) Score
A 1 0 1 0 0 21
B 0 1 0 1 0 12
C 0 0 0 0 0 11
D 1 0 1 0 0 18
E 1 0 1 0 0 16
F 0 0 0 0 0 10
G 1 1 1 1 1 12
H 0 0 0 0 0 7
I 1 1 1 1 1 19
J 0 0 0 0 0 9
K 1 1 1 1 1 13
L 0 1 0 1 0 10
M 1 0 1 0 0 16
N 0 0 0 0 0 9
O 1 1 1 1 1 14
P 1 1 1 1 1 18
Q 0 1 0 1 0 11
 R 1 1 1 1 1 15
S 0 0 0 0 0 8
T 0 1 0 1 0 6
U 1 1 1 1 1 19
V 0 0 0 0 0 10
W 1 1 1 1 1 17
X 1 0 1 0 0 16
∑ 13 12 13 12 8 317

a. Correlate item 1 with the total score

𝑟 (∑𝑋)(∑𝑌)
𝑛∑𝑋𝑌−
𝑥𝑦 = 𝑛
(∑𝑋)2 (∑𝑌)2
√(∑𝑋 2 − )(∑𝑌 2 − )
𝑛 𝑛

𝑟 (13)(317)
214−
𝑥𝑦 = 24
√(13−(169) (100489)
)(4599− )
24 24

214 − 171,70
𝑟=
√(13 − 7,041)(4599 − 4187,042

42,291 42,291
𝑟= = = 𝟎, 𝟖𝟓𝟒
√2454,58 49,54

Correlations
Item1 Total
Item1 Pearson Correlation 1 .854**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 24 24
Total Pearson Correlation .854** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 24 24
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
b. Correlate item 2 with the total score

𝑟 (∑𝑋)(∑𝑌)
𝑛∑𝑋𝑌−
𝑥𝑦 = 𝑛
(∑𝑋)2 (∑𝑌)2
√(∑𝑋 2 − )(∑𝑌 2 − )
𝑛 𝑛

𝑟 (12)(317)
2470−
𝑥𝑦 = 24
√(12−(144) (100489)
)(4599− )
24 24

166 − 158,5 7,5

𝑟= = = 𝟎, 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟖
√(12 − 6)(411,95) 49,71

Correlations
Item2 Total
Item2 Pearson Correlation
1 .151

Sig. (2-tailed) .482

N 24 24
Total Pearson Correlation
.151 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .482

N 24 24

c. Correlate item 1 with item 2 (R = right, W = wrong)

𝑛 ∑ 𝑋𝑌 − (∑ 𝑋)(∑ 𝑌)
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(𝑛 ∑ 𝑋 2 − (∑ 𝑋)2 )((𝑛 ∑ 𝑌 2 − (∑ 𝑌)2 )

24(8) − (13)(12)
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(24.13 − (13)2 )(24.12 − (12)2

192 − 156
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(312 − 169)(288 − 144)

36
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(312 − 169)(288 − 144)

𝑹𝒙𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓
 Correlations
Item2 Item1
Item2 Pearson Correlation 1 .251
Sig. (2-tailed) .237
N 24 24
Item1 Pearson Correlation .251 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .237
N 24 24

2. a) Find the coefficient of linear correlation between the variables X and Y presented
in the following table
X 1 3 4 6 8 9 11 14
Y 1 2 4 4 5 7 8 9

b) Check you answer by using SPSS program and please attach the SPSS output in your work.

Data for Computing the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (N=8)

X Y X2 Y2 XY
1 1 1 1 1
3 2 9 4 6
4 4 16 16 16
6 4 36 16 24
8 5 64 25 40
9 7 81 49 63
11 8 121 64 88
14 9 196 81 126
∑ 56 40 524 256 364

𝑛 ∑ 𝑋𝑌 − (∑ 𝑋)(∑ 𝑌)
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(𝑛 ∑ 𝑋 2 − (∑ 𝑋)2 )((𝑛 ∑ 𝑌 2 − (∑ 𝑌)2 )

8.364 − (56)(40)
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(8.524 − (56)2 )(8.256 − (40)2 )

2912 − 2240
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(4192 − 3136)(2048 − 1600)
 672
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√(1056)(448)
𝒓𝒙𝒚 = 0.977