Hello good morning. I chose the subject of physics of the neutrino.

First we will count a bit of history and then on physical treatment.

HISTORY
Well, first where born the idea of the neutrino? it had a problem in the decay
beta, conservation of the load not satisfied, B should have a unit more load. all
this is for the year 1930 not yet known the neutron. other examples of this type
of decay are:
potassium goes to calcium, tritium goes to helium
by calculation energy in the Center of mass is known that the energy of the
process is:
energy electrons should be constant in processes, but in the experiments have
to these electrons vary in your energy.
this graphic energy shows the energy must have an electron in the process of
tritium

after a while Pauli proposed that while the electron emerged, it to another
particle not looked and took energy missing. then Fermi proposed that the
particle it was neutral in his load should exist and I call neutrino. then it is known
that the process the decay of a neutral, such particle is a antineutrino

this particle is discovered by Cowan and Reines to have a water tank

chlorinated, said experiment watching decomposition reverse and was
determined the existence of the neutrino now know that comes in three flavors,
one for the electron, pion, muon and is known that these particles interact so
weak, set is known as leptónicos.
Matematica
well now a bit of the problem of the neutrino solar. the problem starts in that
before 1900 were trying to measure the age of the Sun thinking that energy q
this had to his life was purely gravitational but later with advances in
radioactivity and nuclear physics reached this was due to the energy that airs
on the nuclear Fusion the process occurring in the Center of the Sun is the way:

starting with hydrogen and ending up in core helium. but in this process leave
neutrino, photons and others, but by the little interaction of the neutrino these
come almost to the speed of light to the Earth
this graph shows the amount of energy and density neutrino reaching the Earth
because of the processes radioactive the largest as looks is the process and
spoken. the physical problem is that the rate of neutrino reaching the Earth is
not the amount that is estimated to the theory here is where come oscillations of
neutrino
you can see that mainly the neutrino reaching the Earth belong to the process
P.-p.
oscilaciones

when we talk about the neutrino Del Sol we mean neutrino electronic, so the
neutrino that reaching the Earth from the Sun is estimated that are only a third
of the predicted. but Bruno pontecorvo proposed that these by the way they
could change of flavor thus leaving to be neutrino-mail and transforming in
neutrino other that were not detected

the quantum states of these neutrino are linear combinations of other thus the
neutrino have a chance intrinsic to change of nature
for example, that the particle starts out as an electron neutrino:
solving for the neutrino muonico, the probability related to the neutrino
electronic becomes muonico is given by the way

Two things are necessary. In order for neutrino oscillations to Occur: There
must be mixing (). And the masses must be Unequal – in particular, they cannot
both be zero.It is sometimes
Asserted that the Standard Model requires that neutrinos be Massless, It’s true
that some of the calculations are easier if you Make this assumption. But there
is no fundamental reason why Neutrinos should have zero mass whereas for
the photon this is Absolutely essential).

masas
now finally some relations másicas with these particles. because the energy
calculations relativistic is related square-shaped with mass and changes taste
are given in these terms relationships mass that are obtained are as follows