DESIGN OF EARTHEN DAM

with
ESTIMATION
 Typical Design of Earthen Water Harvesting Structure

I. Technical Data:
a. Hydraulic Data
 Catchment Area : 16 ha
 Type of Soil : Clay
 Elevation difference : 8m
 Top of HILL R.L : 109.50 m
 Bed level R.L (Deepest) : 101.50 m
 Average rainfall : 1300 mm/year
 Type of Land : Sloping Forest Land with flatter
valley
 Level of Top of Dam : 109.50 m

b. Calculation for Peak Discharge
Catchment area (A) : 16 ha
Coefficient of Runoff (C) : 0.35
Intensity of rainfall (I) : 140 mm/hr
Using rational formula
0.35 × 140 × 16 784
= 360 = 360 = 360 = 2.19
c. Water Yield
Total Average Rainfall : 1707 mm
Rainfall Received in monsoon period (80%) : 1366 mm
Runoff producing rainfall (60%) : 819.60 Say 820 mm
Runoff coefficient : 0.35
Maximum water yield : 16 x 0.82 x 0.35= 4.59 ha m
d. Hydrological Data
Design of Spillway for peak discharge of runoff
Q= 1.711 LH 3/2
2.19 2.19
=
1.71 × 0.75 = 1.11 = 1.97 2.00
Designed crest length = 2.00 m
Height of the weir = 0.75 m
Free board = 0.50 m
 Velocity of Flow
 Typical Design of Earthen Water Harvesting Structure
J. Technical Data:
a. Hydraulic Data
 Catchment Area : 16 ha
 Type of Soil : Loam to silt loam
 Elevation difference : 8m
 Top of HILL R.L : 109.50 m
 Bed level R.L (Deepest) : 101.50 m
 Average rainfall : 1300 mm/year
 Type of Land : Sloping Forest Land with flatter
valley
 Level of Top of Dam : 109.50 m
 Full Reservoir Level : 108.00 m
b. Calculation for Peak Discharge
Catchment area (A) : 16 ha
Coefficient of Runoff (C) : 0.35
Intensity of rainfall (I) : 140 mm/hr
Using rational formula
0.35 × 140 × 16 784
= 360 = 360 = 360 = 2.19
c. Water Yield
Total Average Rainfall : 1707 mm
Rainfall Received in monsoon period (80%) : 1366 mm
Runoff producing rainfall (60%) : 819.60 Say 820 mm
Runoff coefficient : 0.35
Maximum water yield : 16 x 0.82 x 0.35= 4.59 ha m
d. Hydrological Data
Design of Spillway for peak discharge of runoff
Q= 1.711 LH 3/2
2.19 2.19
=
1.71 × 0.75 = 1.11 = 1.97 2.00
Designed crest length = 2.00 m
Height of the weir = 0.75 m
Free board = 0.50 m
 Velocity of Flow
II. General
 Catchment Area : 16 ha
 Maximum Length of Catchment Area : 600 m
 Average Width of Catchment Area : 255 m
 Peak Flood Discharge : 2.19 cumec
 Type of Soil : Sandy Loam
 Total Height of Earthen Dam : 8.00 m
 Height of Earthen Dam upto FSL : 6.50 m
 Depth of Key Trench : 2.00 m
 Side Slope of the Earthen Structure D/s : 2.0:1
 Side Slope of the Earthen Structure u/s : 2.50:1
 Top width of the Structure : 3.00 m
 Size of Spillway
O Control Section : 2.0 x 1.5 x 5.0 m
O Conduit Section : 1.0 x 0.50 x 10.80 m
O Basin Section : 1.0 x 4.50 x 5.0 m
III. Storage Capacity

RL Area Average Area (Sq M) HT Volume of Cumulative

Water (m2) Volume
101.50 - - - - - -
102.50 600 0+600 300 1.0 300 300
2
103.50 2375 600+2375 1487.50 1.0 1487.50 1787.50
2
104.50 3750 2375+3750 3050.00 1.0 3050.00 4837.50
2
105.50 5625 3750+5625 4687.50 1.0 4687.50 9525.00
2
106.50 8100 5625+8100 6862.50 1.0 6862.50 16387.50
2
107.50 11150 8100+11150 9625.00 1.0 9625.00 26012.50
2
11150+1380
108.00 13800 0 12475.00 0.50 6237.50 32250.00
2 Say 3.22 ha m
3
Total storage capacity = 32250 m = 3.22 ha m
V. Calculation of Earthwork of Dam Body Water Harvesting Earthen Dam

Average X-Sectional
RD HT Top Base Average Width X-Section Area Distance V
Width Width Area
0 - - - - - - - - - -
10 5.39 3.0 32.00 32+3 =17.50 =94.33 0+94.33 =47.17 10 47
2 2
=113.6
20 7.09 3.0 34.50 34.50+3 =18.75 =132.94 94.33+132.94 4 10 11
2 2
=150.0
30 7.96 3.0 39.00 39.00+3 =21.00 =167.16 132.94+167.16 5 10 15
2 2
=150.6
40 7.15 3.0 34.50 34.50+3 =18.75 =134.06 167.16+134.06 1 10 15
2 2
50 4.75 3.0 23.50 23.50+3 =13.25 =62.94 134.06+62.94 =98.50 10 98
2 2
60 0 3.0 0 - - - 62.94+0 =31.47 10 31
2

S. Particular =o L B H Content
=o
1 Removal of Organic Matter
Av Length = 24+50+60+49+38 = 44.20 m
5
Av Width = 32+34.50+39+34.50+23.50= 32.70 m 1 44.20 32.70 0.30 722.67
5 Say 723 Cum
2 Excavation of earthwork in foundation 1 18 2+4 2.00 108 cum
Key Trench 26-44 2
Excavation of Earthwork for anchoring for corewall
Left Side
Right Side 1 28 2 2 112
Total 1 21 2 2 84
196 Cum
 Detailed Estimate

S. (o Particular (o L B D Contents
m m m m3
1 Earthwork filling of Key Trench 1 18.00 2.00 + 4.00 2.00 108.00 Cum
2
1 Earthwork filling of Corewall
Part A 1 17.40 4.00 + 3.70 1.00 66.99
2
Part B 1 26.00 3.70 + 3.40 1.00 92.30
2
Part C 1 31.80 3.40 + 3.10 1.00 103.35
2
Part D 1 36.00 3.10 + 2.80 1.00 106.20
2
Part E 1 44.60 2.80 + 2.50 1.00 118.19
2
Part F 1 51.00 2.50 + 2.20 1.00 119.85
2
Part G 1 52.40 2.20 + 2.00 0.75 82.53
2
Total 689.41 Cum
3 Corewall foundation filling
Left Side 1 28.00 2.00 2.00 112.00
Right Side 1 21.00 2.00 2.00 84.00
Total 196.00 Cum
Total Filling
Key Trench Filling 108.00
Corewall Filling 689.41
Corewall Foundation Filling 196.00
Total Earthwork 993.41 Say 993 Cum
Total Earthwork
Earthwork of Dambody 5914.40
Less Earthwork Key Trench & Corewall -993.00
Balance Earthwork of Dam Body 4921.40 Cum
Less Earthwork Excavation of Key Trench &
-304.00
Corewall (196+208 = 304)
Total Earthwork 4617.40 Say 4617 Cum
8.0
0
8.0
0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
 Spillway Design

S. #o Particular #o L B H Contents
m m m m3
1 Excavation of earthwork in foundation
Control Section RD 0-5 1 5.00 2.46 1.50 + 0.93 14.94
2
5--10 1 5.00 2.46 0.93 + 0.57 9.22
2
Cutoff wall between spillway and dambody
(Toewall) 1 4.00 0.50 1.30 2.60
10--15 1 5.00 1.46 0.57 + 1.07 5.98
2
15-20 1 5.00 1.46 3.00 + 0.85 14.05
2
Wing wall of control wall 2 0.77 0.23 1.50 0.53
Cutoff walls
Control Section 1 2.46 0.30 0.50 0.37
Conduit Section 3 1.46 0.30 0.50 0.65
Basin Section 2 0.77 0.23 0.85 0.30
Total 48.65
Say 49 Cum
2 RCC work 1:2:4
Base Slab
Control Section 1 5.00 2.46 0.20 2.46
Conduit Section 1 10.80 1.46 0.20 3.15
Basin Section 1 5.00 1.46 0.20 1.46
Vertical Position of Basin Section 1 1.46 0.20 3.00 0.88
Cutoff Walls
Control Section 1 2.46 0.30 0.50 0.36
Conduit and Basin Section 3 1.46 0.30 0.50 0.65
Cutoff wall between spillway and dambody
(Toewall) 1 4.00 0.50 1.30 2.60
Total 11.56 Cum
3 Brick Work 1:4
Side walls Control Section 2 6.00 0.23 1.50 4.14
Wing wall of control Section 2 0.77 0.23 1.50 0.53
Conduit Section 2 9.80 0.23 0.50 2.25
Basin Section 2 5.00 0.23 4.50 10.35
Toewall and Toewall Extension 1 3.00 0.23 1.00 0.69
Toewall Extension 2 1.00 0.23 4.50 2.07
Total 20.03 Cum
4 10 mm thick cement plaster 1:4
Side walls Inside
Control Section 2 6.00 - 1.50 18.00
Top of Control Section 2 6.00 0.23 - 2.76
Conduit Section 2 9.80 - 0.50 9.80
Top of Conduit Section 2 9.80 0.23 - 4.51
Basin Section 2 5.00 - 4.50 45.00
Top of Control Section 2 5.00 0.23 - 2.30
Outside of Basin Section 2 5.00 - 3.50 35.00
Front Side 2 0.23 - 3.50 1.61
Total 118.98
Say 119 Sq M
 Calculation of MS Bar for Spillway

10 mm dia 15 cm c/c & f/f W o L

Control Section Long Bars 246 16 5 = 80 x 2 = 160
15
Conduit Section Long Bars 146 10 10.80 = 108 x 2 = 216
15
Basin Section Long Bars 146 10 8.00 = 80 x 2 = 160
15
Cross Bars
Control Section 500 33 2.46 = 81 x 1 = 81
15
Control Section 500 17 3.00 = 51 x 1 = 51
15
Conduit Section 1080 72 1.46 = 105 x 1 = 105
15
Conduit Section 1080 72 2.00 = 144 x 1 = 144
15
Basin Section 800 53 2.46 = 130 x 2 = 261
15
Total 1178
Vertical Bars 10 mm dia 15 cm c/c & f/f
Cutoff Walls W o L
Control Section 246 16 0.80 = 12.80 x 2 x 2 = 51
15
Conduit & Basin Section 146 15 0.80 = 12.00 x 2 x 3 = 72
15
Cross Bars
Control Section 50 3 2.46 = 7.38 x 2 = 15
15
Conduit & Basin Section 50 3 1.46 = 4.38 x 3 = 13
15
Total 151
10 mm dia Bars= 1178 + 151 = 1329 x 0.62 = 823.98 Say 824 Kg

Material Statement
Cement Sand Bajri MS Bars Bricks
S. o Particulars Qty
(Bags) (Cum) (Cum) (Kg) os
1 RCC Work 1:2:4 11.56 75.14 5.20 10.40 824 -
2 1st Class Brick Work 1:4 20.03 36.45 5.00 - - 9614
3 10 mm thick Cement Plaster 1:4 119.00 10.71 1.42 - - -
122.30 11.62 10.40 824 9614
Total Say 122 Say 12 Say 10 Kg os
Bags Cum Cum
 Detailed Estimate of Anti-seep Collar
Particula
S. r o L B H Contents
m
3
o M M M
Excavation of earthwork in
1 foundation 6 1.20 0.40 0.30 0.86 cum
CC work 1:4:8 in
2 foundation 6 1.20 0.40 0.10 0.29 cum
1st Class Brick Work
3 1:4 6 1.00 0.23 1.00 1.38 Cum
Material Statement of Anti-Seep
Collar

Quantit Cemen Riv

S. o Particular y t er Crusher Bricks
San
d Bajri
Cu
Bags m Cum os
1 CC 1: 4:8 0.29 cum 0.99 0.13 0.27
Brick Work 662.4
2 1:4 1.38 2.51 0.34 - 0
Tota
l 2.50 Say 3 0.47 Cum 0.27 Cum 662 os
Bags
 Detailed Estimate of Intake Structure and Control Chamber

S. o Particular o L B H Contents
m m m m3
1 Excavation of earthwork in foundation
(i) Control Chamber 1 2.26 2.26 0.60 3.06
(ii) Intake Structure 1 1.76 1.76 0.75 2.32
Total 5.38 Cum
2 CC 1:4:8 in foundation Control Chamber 1 2.26 2.26 0.15 0.76
Intake Structure 1 1.76 1.76 0.15 0.46
Total 1.22 Cum
3 CC 1:2:4 above 1:4:8
Intake Structure 1 1 1 0.05 0.05
Control Chamber 1 1.50 1.50 0.05 0.11
Total 0.16 Cum
4 1st Class Brick Work
Intake Structure
Long Walls 2 1.46 0.23 3.00 2.01
Short Walls 2 1.00 0.23 3.00 1.38
Control Chamber
Long Walls 2 1.96 0.23 1.50 1.35
Short Walls 2 1.50 0.23 1.50 1.03
Total 5.77 Cum
5 Plaster Work 1:4 15 mm thick
Intake Structure
Top of Long Wall 2 1.46 0.23 - 0.67
Short Wall 2 1.00 0.23 - 0.46
Inside of Structure 4 1.00 - 2.95 11.80
Outside of Structure 4 1.46 - 2.25 13.14
Control Chamber
Top of Long Wall 2 1.96 0.23 - 0.90
Short Wall 2 1.50 0.23 - 0.69
Inside of Structure 4 1.50 - 1.45 8.70
Outside of Structure 4 1.96 - 0.90 7.05
Total 43.41 Sq M
6 Laying and joining of CI Pipe 150 mm dia 1 38 - - 38 M
with socket
7 Fixing and Laying of Sluice Valve 150 mm 2 - - - 2o
dia
8 Fixing of MS Bars for stairs in Intake & 10 - - - 10 M
Control Chamber
9 Fixing of MS Bar Jal on top of Intake 1 - - - 1o
Structure ( Size 1.15 x 1.15 m)
10 Fixing of MS Sheet on top of control 1 - - - 1o
chamber with man hole (Size 1.65 x 1.65 m)
 Material Statement for Intake Structure

MS
Cement Sand Bajri Bricks Bars CI Pipe
S.N Particular Bag Cum Cum No Kg 150 mm Ø
M
1 CC 1:4:8 4.14 0.57 1.14 - - -
2 CC 1:2:4 1.04 0.07 0.14 - - -
3 1st Class Brick Work 1:4 10.50 1.44 - 2770 -
4 Plaster Work 1:4 15 mm thick 4.99 0.69 - - - -
5 Laying of CI Pipe 150 mm dia - - - - - 38
6 Fixing of Sluice valve 150 mm dia - - - - - -
Fixing of MS Bars 12 mm dia 10 m x
7 0.89 - - - - 9 -
= 8.90 Say 9 Kg
8 Fixing of MS Jal on top of Intake - - - - - -
Structure
9 Fixing of MS Sheet on the Control - - - - - -
Chamber
Total 20.67 2.77 1.28 2770 9.00 38
 SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF AN EARTH DAM

Material properties of earth dam model

Angle of
Modulus of Poisson’s Unit Cohesion
Permeability(m/sec) internal
Elasticity(kN/m2) ratio weight(kN/m3) (kN/m2) friction(deg.)
20 22
24 23
28 25
10-9 10000 0.334 16, 21 30 26
33 28
35 30

Minimum values of factor of safety for increase progressively (h) at (γ=16kN/m3

γ H(m) h(m) ϕ c 20 24 28 30 33 35
22 1.541 1.713 1.879 1.962 2.087 2.171
23 1.574 1.749 1.915 1.999 2.123 2.207
25 1.641 1.882 1.989 2.072 2.197 2.281
16 10 2
26 1.676 1.854 2.027 2.11 2.235 2.318
28 1.747 1.925 2.103 2.188 2.313 2.396
30 1.82 1.998 2.177 2.266 2.394 2.477
22 1.632 1.82 2.008 2.102 2.24 2.33
23 1.667 1.855 2.043 2.137 2.278 2.368
25 1.738 1.927 2.115 2.208 2.349 2.443
16 10 4
26 1.772 1.963 2.151 2.245 2.386 2.48
28 1.84 2.039 2.227 2.321 2.461 2.555
30 1.911 2.114 2.305 2.734 2.54 2.634
22 1.857 2.084 2.305 2.414 2.575 2.683
23 1.894 2.121 2.346 2.454 2.616 2.723
16 10 6 25 1.968 2.195 2.423 2.536 2.698 2.806
26 2.007 2.234 2.461 2.574 2.74 2.848
28 2.085 2.312 2.539 2.653 2.823 2.935
 30 2.164 2.394 2.621 2.399 2.905 3.018
22 2.264 2.556 2.835 2.975 3.185 3.325
23 2.304 2.599 2.88 3.02 3.229 3.369
25 2.386 2.681 2.971 3.22 3.32 3.49
16 10 8
26 2.427 2.722 3.017 3.157 3.367 3.507
28 2.513 2.808 3.103 3.251 3.462 3.602
30 2.603 2.897 3.192 3.34 3.561 3.701

γ H(m) h(m) ϕ c 20 24 28 30 33 35
22 1.333 1.468 1.602 1.669 1.763 1.826
23 1.367 1.501 1.635 1.702 1.8 1.863
25 1.436 1.57 1.704 1.771 1.871 1.938
21 10 2
26 1.471 1.605 1.739 1.806 1.907 1.974
Minimum values of 28 1.537 1.677 1.811 1.878 1.979 2.046
factor of safety for
increase progressively 30 1.604 1.753 1.886 1.953 2.053 2.121 (h)at(γ=21kN/m3)
22 1.385 1.533 1.675 1.743 1.846 1.914
23 1.418 1.566 1.711 1.779 1.882 1.951
25 1.485 1.633 1.781 1.853 1.959 2.025
21 10 4
26 1.52 1.667 1.815 1.889 1.994 2.063
28 1.59 1.738 1.815 1.959 2.07 2.141
30 1.663 1.811 1.958 2.032 2.143 2.217
22 1.514 1.68 1.836 1.915 2.39 2.428
23 1.548 1.717 1.874 1.952 2.07 2.111
25 1.617 1.786 1.95 2.029 2.146 2.148
21 10 6
26 1.652 1.822 1.99 2.068 2.186 2.225
28 1.725 1.894 2.064 2.148 2.266 2.264
30 1.8 1.97 2.139 2.224 2.349 2.344
22 1.705 1.896 2.082 2.175 2.315 2.408
23 1.741 1.935 2.121 2.215 2.359 2.447
25 1.813 2.014 2.202 2.295 2.435 2.528
21 10 8
26 1.85 2.051 2.243 2.336 2.476 2.569
28 1.926 2.127 2.328 2.421 2.561 2.654
30 2.006 2.206 2.408 2.508 2.649 2.742
13m
m