Professional Documents
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9463
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH REVIEW IN
ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT (IJRREM)
Tamilnadu-636121, India
Indexed by
Abstract
This study is an outcome of the title called “A study on Effectiveness of
Employees Safety and Health” with reference to Private Production Industry which has
undertaken at Private Production Industry. Employees Safety and Health look upon prevention of
accidents basically as an engineering problem to be tackled through proper designing of
mechanical safety devices. In fact, accident prevention and safety are inter related and, therefore
require a multi dimensional approach. Its importance has increased because of large-scale
industrialization in which human beings are subjected to mechanical, chemical, electrical and
radiation hazards. .” Total pulation is 369; from that 100 employees were selected using simple
random sampling method and a well structured questionnaire was framed in order to extract the
required information from the respondents. Questionnaires were collected through personal
interview. The various statistical tools like percentage method, chi square test and correlation
analysis were used in this study. The findings of the study reveal that major cause for the work
place accident is unsafe handling of material. So the vestibule training method can be included in
employee training program. Ergonomics method enables better employee’s safety and health.
CHAPTER I
The success of any manufacturing organization depends largely on the workers. The
employees are considered as the backbone Private Production Industry. The study was mainly
undertaken to identify the level of employees Safety & Health measures in the organization.
Once the Employees Safety & Health Measures are identified it would be possible for the
management to improve the employees safety and health. This study can serve as a basis for
measuring causes for the accident in the workplace. This study can be helpful for the
management to identify the key factors for improving employees safety and health with the help
of suggestion and conclusion.
NATURE OF ACCIDENT
The nature of an accident may vary from industry to industry. The employee
may fall from a height while engaged on a particular assignment; or he may be caught in a
machine while working on it; or he may fall against a machine; or parts of a machine having a
horizontal protruding motion may cause strike against him; or an explosives used carelessly may
explode, and injure an employee. Such accidents may result in disablement or death.
Disablement¬- whether partial or total – may take a form of a loss of ability to work or to move.
Such incapacity may be partial or total. Both types of disablement may be temporary or
permanent.
A temporary partial disablement reduces the earning capacity of an individual in the
employment in which he was engaged when he sustained an injury at the time of
accident.
Permanent partial disablement reduces his ability to earn an income from any
employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time of the accident occurred.
Total disablement , on the other hand, is a disablement, whether temporary or permanent,
which incapacitates a workman and makes it impossible for him to engage in any work.
CAUSES OF ACCIDENT
Nature and causes of accident may vary from organization to organization. Basically
industrial accidents will arise either due to technical faults or due to human follies or errors.
Therefore the causes of accidents may be attributed to work related causes and worker related
causes.
1. Work related Causes
Unsafe working conditions are the prime causes for any industrial accident and these
include all engineering deficiencies. These mainly include improper lighting, inadequate safety
devices, polluted work place, poor machine guarding and unsafe and careless housekeeping.
These factors will create psychological and physical problems for the workers and will invite
industrial accident.
2. Worker related Causes
These are human factors responsible for accidents due to their unsafe acts. Lack of
adequate skill or knowledge in handling the machine, disturbed mental condition, neglecting
safety devices and instruction, using unsafe machine, working at unsafe speed are some of the
causes due to which workers become victims as industrial accidents.
Safety, in simple terms, means freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss.
Industrial safety or Employee safety refers to the protection of workers from the danger of
industrial accidents.
2.1.3 Accidents
An Accident, is an unplanned and uncontrolled event in which an action or reaction of an
object, a substance, a person, or a radiation results in personal injury.
2.1.4 Causes of Accidents
The industrial safety experts have classified the various causes of accidents into three
broad categories:
1. Unsafe Conditions
2. Unsafe Acts
3. Other Causes
2.1.5 STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
In every room where grinding work is going on, a notice indicating the maximum safe
working peripherals speed of the machine shall be affixed near it. Effective measures will also
be taken in every factory to ensure that the safe working peripheral speed of every revolving
vessel, cage, basket, flywheel, pulley, or similar other appliances driven by power is not
exceeded.
Pressure Plants (Section 31):
If in any factory, any plant or its part is operated at a pressure above atmospheric
pressure, the pressure should not be allowed to exceed by taking effective measures in this
regard.
Floors, Stairs and other means of Access (Section 32):
In every factory, all floors, steps, stairs, passage and gangway shall be of sound
construction and be properly maintained.
Pits and Openings in Floors (Section 33):
Since every fixed vessel, sumps, tank, pit, or opening in a floor may be a source of
danger, therefore, shall be securely covered or fenced.
Excessive Weights (Section 34):
No person shall be employed in the factory to lift or carry excess load/weight so as to
cause him/her physical injury.
Protection of Eyes (Section 35):
CHAPTER II
situation.
To assess the management commitment towards employees safety and health.
To suggest suitable measures for improving employees safety and health.
The project throws light on the need for learning Employees Safety & Health.
The project was developed based on the employees expectation.
It will be helpful for the management to improve the Employees Safety & Health
measures in the organization.
This study would be a base for the researchers who are carry survey for the same.
The study is based upon the small population size of 100 samples at Private Production
Industry.
Some false information might be given by the employees due to fear of their superiors.
Time available for this research work was a limiting factor.
The study is based on the effectiveness of Employees Safety & Health measures. It does
not explore the pros and corns on the side of employers.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH
Research is a process in which the researcher wishes to find out the end result for a given
problem and thus the solution helps in future course of action. The research has been defined as
“A careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new fact in any branch of
knowledge”.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The procedure using, which researchers go about their work of describing, explaining and
predicting phenomena, is called Methodology. Methods compromise the procedures used for
generating, collecting, and evaluating data. Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful
for assessing explanation.
TYPES OF RESEARCH
The type of research used in this project is descriptive in nature. Descriptive research is
essentially a fact finding related largely to the present, abstracting generations by cross sectional
study of the current situation .The descriptive methods are extensively used in the physical and
natural science, for instance when physics measures, biology classifies, zoology dissects and
geology studies the rock. But its use in social science is more common, as in socio economic
surveys and job and activity analysis.
Primary data are fresh data collected through survey from the employees using
questionnaire.
Secondary data
Secondary data are collected from books, internet and various journals, magazines etc.
CHAPTER IV
4.1.FINDINGS OF STUDY
It is found that 75% of the respondents are Male.
It is evident that 49% of the respondents are belonging to the age group of 35 & above.
It is found that 54% of the respondents are unmarried.
It is found that 43% of the respondents are studied P.G.
40% of the respondents are having above 20 years of experience.
It is found that 27% of respondents are expecting medical facilities on first aid,
ambulance & treatment charges.
Most of the respondents are satisfied with working environment condition.
Most of the respondents are having 5000 and above bonus.
38% of the respondents says that, they are dissatisfied working in night shift.
Most of the respondents are not satisfied with the quality of food
It is found that 89% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe material handling.
It is found that 96% of the respondents have no awareness concerning Employees Safety
& Health at the time of joining..
It is evident that 59% of the respondents acquired the knowledge regarding Employees
Safety & Health through motion pictures.
It is found that 58% of the respondents have satisfactory level of work load in the
organization.
It is evident that most of the respondents states that they have inadequate first aid
facilities.
It is found that 39% of the respondents states appreciating employees for their work as a
stress relief measure.
It is evident that 54% of respondents state that they have no recreational facilities.
It is found that 98% of the respondents said that they are not practicing the method of
Ergonomics.
It is found that 93% of the respondents said that they have no counseling for the
employees pertaining to personal and technical problems.
It is found that 63% respondents states that they have no pre employment and post
employment medical check.
It is evident that most of the respondents feels that the organization approach is mainly
towards production.
The major cause for the workplace accidents that occur in the organization is unsafe
handling of material. So the vestibule training method can be included in employee
training program.
The frequency of safety training for the employees on safety and health can be altered to
monthly once instead of yearly twice.
Proper maintaining of adequate First aid facilities should be ensured.
The rest roam should be reconstructed with sufficient space and the sports center facility
can also be extended to temporary labours.
Ergonomics method should be followed. In an ergonomic workplace tools are designed to
fit individual capabilities and limitation so that people can do their job without being
injured.
Work environment causes number of problems, counseling enables to overcome personal
and technical problems.
A careful Pre employment and Post employment medical check up can also be extended
to temporary labours.
4.3. CONCLUSIONS
This analysis will give a clear idea as to the situation of a large number of accidents that
occur in the organization and the steps that an organization should take to reduce these accidents
and to prevent them from occurring in future. Some of the suggested measures for improving
employees safety and health include vestibule training method, first aid facilities, recreational
facilities, counseling program, pre employment and post employment medical check up for
improving the effectiveness of employees safety and health.The findings of the survey will be
utilized to bring about the necessary changes in Employees Safety procedures in the company.
The above concept could be better envisaged to bring about the better safety and health for the
employees by inculcating the concept of Ergonomics.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
1. Mamoria, C.B., Gankar, s.v., Personnel Management, Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai.
2. Bolley, J.W., A Guide to Effective Industrial Safety, Gulf Publishing House, Texas, 1977.
3. Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology , New Age International (p) Ltd., Publishers , New
Delhi, 1985
4. Human Resource Management, The ICFAI Center for Management Research, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad.