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Adverb clause menerangkan bentuk waktu (time), cara (manner), pengandaian (conditional), tujuan (purpose),
sebab (cause/reason), akibat (result), dan pertentangan (concession).
1. Waktu (time)
When : ketika
Before : sebelum
After : setelah
Since : sejak
While : saat
As : saat
Until : sampai
As soon as : sesegera
Ex:
• I was watching TV when my father came. (Saya sedang menonton TV ketika ayah saya datang.)
• I like singing since I was 5 years old. (Saya suka menyanyi sejak saya berumur 5 tahun)
2. Pengandaian (conditional)
If : jika
Unless : jika tidak/kecuali jika
Even if : sekalipun/bahkan jika
In case : jikalau
If only : seandainya
• Even if he comes to her house, she does not want to meet him. (Bahkan jika ia datang ke rumahnya, ia tidak
ingin bertemu dengannya.)
• I will bring umbrella to campus in case today will rain. (Saya akan membawa payung ke kampus jikalau hujan)
3. Tujuan (purpose)
In order to : supaya
In order that + subject : supaya
So that : sehingga
So : maka
In the hope that : dengan harapan agar
• I will come early to school in order not to be late. (Saya akan datang awal ke sekolah supaya tidak terlambat)
• She does not know the way to her new office so that she gets lost. (Dia tidak tahu jalan ke kantornya yang
baru sehingga ia tersesat.)
4. Sebab (cause/reason)
Because : karena
Since : karena
5. Akibat (result)
So that : sehingga
So : maka
• He broke his friend’s book so that he must buy the new one. (Dia merusak buku temannya sehingga ia harus
membeli yang baru.)
• Didi wants to pass the examination so he studies very hard. (Didi ingin lulus ujian maka ia belajar dengan
sangat keras.)
6. Pertentangan (concession)
Although : walaupun/meskipun
Even though : walaupun
Whereas : sedangkan
However : bagaimanapun juga
Except that : kecuali
While : sementara itu
Though : walaupun
Even if : walaupun
• Toro will go to campus although today is rainy.(Toro akan pergi ke kampus meskipun hari ini hujan)
• Fino is ready to start the game whereas Tito is not. (Fino siap memulai permainan sedangkan Tito tidak.)
7. Tempat (place)
Where : dimana
Wherever : dimanapun
Everywhere : dimana saja
8. Cara (manner)
As : seperti
As if : seolah-olah
As though : seolah-olah
Just as : sebagaimana
Like : seperti
• I will love you like you do. (Saya akan mencintaimu seperti kamu mencintaiku.)
• She cried as if she is the only one in this world. (Dia menangis seolah-seolah dia hanya satu-satunya di dunia
ini.)