Assignment 5: Essay

Sophie Hackett
24/5/18

Contents
APA Style Sample ......................................................................................... 1

Introduction ................................................................................................ 1

Discussion .................................................................................................. 1

Examples .................................................................................................... 1

Format ........................................................................................................ 2

Summary .................................................................................................... 3

References .................................................................................................. 4

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APA Style Sample
Sophie Hackett 32000686

APA Style Sample

Introduction

The American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily

used in the social science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language

Association (MLA), and shows many similarities, but is unique in several

key points. This paper discusses the APA in detail.

Discussion

APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but

rather than indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes

author's name and date of publication. The page number, represented with a

p. or a pp., is only added to the citation when using a direct quote (not a

summary or paraphrase). If the author's name is mentioned in the sentence,

then place the date of publication in parentheses directly after the name. If

the name is not mentioned include the author's name and date in parentheses

at the end of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote, place the

page number after the publication date within the parentheses.

Examples

Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrence (1999) has presented poignant examples from 150

interviews. However, it has been pointed out that the research was

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conducted in a selective, highly biased, way (Strong & Porter, 1998). All of

the interviewees have been called “exceptions to the norm” (Strong &

Porter, 1998, p. 5).

Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the

sentence, the second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the

sentence, and the third example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion

of the page numbers) but also does not identify the authors within the

sentence. If the authors were identified within the sentence in the third

example, the authors' names would be followed by the year of publication

and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the end of the

quote.

Format

Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what

APA calls the Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences

from the MLA Works Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the

author's first name rather than the complete name, the publication date

immediately follows the author's name in parentheses, and titles of articles

are not surrounded with quotation marks. The lists are still alphabetized by

author's last name (or title in the absence of an author) and the first line is

flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in

(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with

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referencing is Notre Dame’s referencing guide at

http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box-3040351. There is also a

summary downloadable help document available at:

http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459. In APA Style, you

include a reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA,

Bibliography Verus Reference List, n.d.). A reference list consists of all

sources cited in the text of a paper whereas a bibliography may include

resources that were consulted but not cited in the text as well as an

annotated description of each one.

Summary

The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses

the APA 6th referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text

referencing and the reference list there are a number of formatting

requirements to ensure your essay complies with APA standards. Get to

know the APA 6th.

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References

APA.Bibliography verus reference list. Retrieved

from http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-

references.aspx#Bibliography

Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS

Medicine, 10(12), e1001574.

Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and

plagiarism: University case study. Journal of Applied

Sciences, 14(8), 748-757. doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757

Strong, R. L., & Porter, M. (1998). Grammatical combinations. In S. Parker,

& K. Gibson (Eds.), Language and literacy (pp. 540-578).

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Terrence, H. S. (1999, November,). Student success in community

colleges. Oregonian, pp. A7.