F R O M T H E PA G E S O F
FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018
Concerned E.P.A. Officials Were Ousted TRUMP ESCALATES
WASHINGTON — At least five
officials at the Environmental
Protection Agency, four of them
high-ranking, were reassigned or
demoted, or requested new jobs
in the past year after they raised
concerns about the spending and
management of the agency’s ad-
ministrator, Scott Pruitt.
The concerns included unusu-
ally large spending on office fur-
niture and first-class travel, as
well as demands by Pruitt for se-
curity coverage, such as requests
for a bulletproof vehicle and an
expanded 20-person protective
detail, according to people who
worked for or with the E.P.A.
Pruitt bristled when the four
career E.P.A. employees and one
Trump administration political
appointee confronted him, said
the people, who were not autho-
rized to speak publicly.
The political appointee, Kevin
Chmielewski, was placed on ad-
ministrative leave without pay,
according to two of the people.
Chmielewski was among the first
employees of Donald J. Trump’s
presidential campaign. The two
people, who are administra-
New Front in Abortion Battle: A Small Office
WASHINGTON — Scott
Lloyd’s unadorned job title be-
trays little hint of the power he
has over the pregnant teenagers
in his custody.
As director of the Office of Ref-
ugee Resettlement, he oversees
the assistance program for the
tens of thousands of refugees. But
as the official who is also respon-
sible for the care of young, un-
documented refugees, he spends
much time trying to stop those
who want an abortion.
Last fall Lloyd’s refusal to let
a 17-year-old in Texas leave the
shelter where she was living to
get an abortion drew an admon-
ishment from a federal judge who
said she was “astounded” the
government had been so insis-
tent on keeping someone from
obtaining a constitutionally pro-
tected procedure.
How Lloyd turned an office in
the Department of Health and
Human Services that provides
FROM THE PAGES OF
tion officials, said Chmielewski
flagged some of his concerns
about Pruitt directly to the White
House’s presidential personnel
office.
Two of the career officials, Reg-
inald E. Allen and Eric Weese,
were moved to jobs where they
had less say in spending deci-
sions and less interaction with
Pruitt, the people said. A third
career official, John E. Reeder,
joined American University as
a temporary “executive in res-
idence” after being told by the
E.P.A. to find a new job. And John
C. Martin, who served on the se-
curity detail, was also removed
from the team and had his gun
and badge taken away after rais-
ing concerns about how Pruitt’s
security was being handled.
A sixth official, Pruitt’s chief of
staff, Ryan Jackson, also raised
questions about Pruitt’s spend-
ing, according to three E.P.A. of-
ficials. He remains in his job but
is considering resigning, agency
officials said. Jackson came to
the agency from the office of Sen.
James M. Inhofe, R-Okla., who
like Pruitt had been a major critic
social services to refugees into
a battleground over abortion
rights is part of the larger story of
the Trump administration’s push
to enact rules that favor socially
conservative positions.
Unlike some traditional Repub-
licans, many religious conserva-
tives eagerly sought jobs in the
administration and the chance to
shape policy. This was especially
true at H.H.S., where the senior
ranks are staffed with former
activists who have built careers
advancing socially conservative
causes.
Some of those hires at H.H.S.
include a deputy general coun-
sel who was a lawyer with the
Alliance Defending Freedom,
a conservative legal group that
opposes gay rights and abortion
and fought the Obama adminis-
tration’s contraception coverage
requirements; the chief of staff to
the assistant secretary for health,
who used to lead an abstinence
of regulatory moves made under
President Barack Obama, and
is a prominent climate change
skeptic.
Approval was required by
the staff officials for certain of
Pruitt’s expenditures, and Allen,
Chmielewski, Jackson and Reed-
er at various points each voiced
concerns to Pruitt directly about
his spending, according to the
two administration officials.
Neither Jackson nor any of the
five officials who left or were re-
moved after questioning Pruitt
would comment. Before their re-
assignments or removals, Weese
was the head of Pruitt’s protec-
tive detail, and Reeder, Allen and
Chmielewski each served as dep-
uty chief of staff.
The White House declined to
comment on Thursday, referring
questions to the E.P.A., though
President Trump, as he boarded
Air Force One, said he had confi-
dence in Pruitt.
Trump described Pruitt as
“very courageous,” while suggest-
ing he was reviewing complaints
about him. “I’ll make that determi-
nation,” Trump said. (NYT)
advocacy group; and the head
of the department’s Office for
Civil Rights, whose work at the
Heritage Foundation involved
promoting religious freedom ini-
tiatives.
The department has been re-
sponsible for a flurry of new pol-
icies. It has told states that they
no longer have to follow Obama-
era rules that made it difficult to
withhold Medicaid funding from
Planned Parenthood. It has an-
nounced the creation of an entity
inside its Office for Civil Rights
called the Conscience and Reli-
gious Freedom Division, which
will respond to alleged violations
of conscience and religious pro-
tections.
The result, activists on both
sides of the fight say, is that no
White House has been as aggres-
sive in shaping policy in a way
that hews so closely to the priori-
ties of the religious right.
 JEREMY W. PETERS
© 2018 The New York Times
FIGHT WITH CHINA
IN TARIFF THREAT
WASHINGTON — President
Trump said Thursday the United
States would consider slapping an
additional $100 billion in tariffs on
the Chinese, on top of the $50 billion
the White House has already autho-
rized, escalating a potentially dam-
aging trade dispute with China.
Trump said in a statement that
he was responding to “unfair retal-
iation” by China, which published a
list on Wednesday of $50 billion in
American products that would be hit
by tariffs, a direct reaction to the $50
billion in tariffs on Chinese goods
that were detailed on Tuesday.
The threat came one day after
some of Trump’s advisers tried to
tamp down fears of a trade war, say-
ing that the tariff threats were the
first step in a negotiation process.
The move is a gamble aimed at
forcing China to back down and
make the changes that the United
States is seeking — namely reduc-
ing the coercive tactics American
officials says Beijing uses to try to
dominate industries like artificial in-
telligence, robotics and autonomous
vehicles. But the move could bring
the kind of escalating retaliation that
has spooked stock markets.
A trade war between China and
the United States could derail the
global economic expansion and
cripple American businesses that
depend on trade with China. It could
also further complicate geopolitical
priorities given the Trump adminis-
tration has enlisted the help of the
Chinese in scheduling historic talks
with North Korea next month.
Robert Lighthizer, the trade ad-
viser who is carrying out an inves-
tigation into Chinese trade practic-
es, described Trump’s threat as “an
appropriate response,” saying that
China should have responded to
the initial tariffs levied by the Unit-
ed States by changing its behav-
ior. In the first hint of the Chinese
government’s response, the Weibo
miniblog of the official Xinhua news
service said, “This move severely
violates world trade regulations.”
 ANA SWANSON
 and KEITH BRADSHER
INTERNATIONAL FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 2

India Seeks Arms Fight on Radical Islam May Lead to Iman’s Exile
From Russians MARSEILLE, France — No used his majority in Parliament ple of the unique stance Macron
ordinary preacher, El Hadi Doudi to inscribe into law some gov- has taken since winning office
Despite Sanctions isponent
perhaps France’s leading pro- ernment tactics — searches and almost a year ago. He is hailed as
of fundamentalist Islam. seizures, house arrests, shutting a great defender of liberal democ-
NEW DELHI — India’s defense His influence extends throughout down mosques — that had been racy, a voice of reason in a Europe
minister is visiting Moscow this Europe, where applied before only as part of the awash in angry populism. Yet he
week to finalize the purchase of a his lawyer says state of emergency put in place af- has also assumed great executive
Russian missile defense system, the cleric is ter terrorist attacks in Paris killed powers, alarming critics who have
Indian officials say, in a weapons the only imam 130 people in November 2015. charged the Macron government
deal that would violate American authorized to The case of Doudi, 63, who is not with overreaching in areas like
sanctions against Russia. issue fatwas. a French citizen, is part of an effort immigration, and who now wor-
The potential $6 billion deal Over 37 years, by the Macron administration to ry about his approach to fighting
comes at a time when the Trump he has berated intensify scrutiny of Muslim cler- terrorism.
administration is weighing more Jews, women ics and, in some cases, to deport France was hardly passive to-
extensive sanctions against Rus- El Hadi and the mod- them. Some analysts say Macron ward extremism in the past; the
sia and trying to forge a military Doudi ern world, yet is using it to display toughness, as Interior Ministry kicked out 40
alliance with India. Indian offi- the authorities European governments struggle Muslim clerics from 2012 to 2015,
cials say the agreement could be have tolerated his hard-line ser- for tools to battle radical Islam, and another 52 people, including
finalized as soon as this week, mons and occasionally cultivated and as he fends off political chal- clerics, over the last 28 months.
with India purchasing five S-400 him as an ally. lenges from the far right. Not all of those recent expulsions
Triumf systems, an antiaircraft The government of President “They want to make an exam- have come during Macron’s time
missile array. Emmanuel Macron appears ple of him,” said Vincent Geisser, in office, yet his government
If the purchase goes through, poised to expel the preacher in an Islam expert at the University seems determined to make clear
the Trump administration would one of the most striking examples of Aix-Marseille. “It’s got more to that France now has a far lower
have to choose between punishing of its hardening stance toward do with communicating firmness.” tolerance for radical preaching.
India for violating the sanctions radical Islam. Macron has already The tough line is another exam-  ADAM NOSSITER
or granting an exemption to avoid

Former President of Brazil Is Ordered to Prison

souring the relationship.
The United States has been try-
ing to cultivate India as a strategic
ally and a hedge against Chinese
military expansion. Washington
has typically dangled defense
deals as a way to improve mili-
tary ties with countries, and it has
courted India aggressively.
“In the past few years you’ve
seen a massive transition where
more equipment is being bought
from the U.S. That’s because the
U.S. wants a closer relationship
with India, and defense deals are
essentially diplomatic deals,” said
Shailesh Kumar, the Asia director
of the Eurasia Group, a geopoliti-
cal risk consulting firm.
 MARIA ABI-HABIB
SÃO PAULO, Brazil — A federal
judge on Thursday ordered for-
mer President Luiz Inácio Lula da
Silva of Brazil to surrender to the
authorities by Friday afternoon to
start serving a 12-year prison sen-
tence on a corruption conviction.
The warrant was issued hours
after the country’s top court re-
jected da Silva’s bid to remain free
while appeals of the conviction
were considered.
A federal judge, Sérgio Moro,
wrote in the arrest warrant that
da Silva would be held in a special
cell. Da Silva will be allowed to
surrender to the federal police in
Curitiba, where his trial was held,
Moro said. He set Friday at 5 p.m.
as the deadline.
Da Silva’s Workers’ Party re-
mained defiant on Thursday, vow-
ing that he would still run for a
third term in October, despite the
Supreme Federal Court’s 6-to-5
ruling Thursday that he could not
remain free pending appeals.
The president of the Workers’
Party, Sen. Gleisi Hoffmann, said
da Silva had not given up on his
quest to return to the presidency.
“Lula remains our candidate, first
of all because he is innocent,” she
said. “If he is jailed, we will consid-
er him a political prisoner and we
will be by his side.”
While da Silva is not the first
Brazilian leader engulfed in scan-
dal — former President Fernando
Collor de Mello stepped down to
avoid being impeached in 1992
and former President Dilma Rous-
seff was impeached on charges of
manipulating the budget to hide
economic problems — his fall is
striking nonetheless. He left office
eight years ago with a record ap-
proval rating of 87 percent, and he
has held an ample lead in polls for
October’s presidential election.
 SHASTA DARLINGTON

Turks Seize 80 Tied to Cleric
Turkish secret agents in 18 countries have
seized 80 Turks suspected of having links to a
group accused of plotting a coup in 2016 and
returned them to Turkey, a senior govern-
ment official said Thursday. Bekir Bozdag, the
deputy prime minister, hinted at audacious
actions by Turkish intelligence operatives
abroad under the increasingly authoritari-
an government of President Recep Tayyip
Erdogan. Speaking in a Turkish television
interview, Bozdag did not specify how pre-
cisely such arrests had been carried out. Nor
did he disclose where the suspects had been
detained, except for the arrests that had been
made public in Bulgaria, Malaysia and Koso-
vo. There have been unconfirmed reports in
In Brief
the Turkish press of arrests in Afghanistan,
Pakistan and Sudan. A spokesman for Er-
dogan, Ibrahim Kalin, said later that Turkey
intended to carry out more arrests. (NYT)
China Bans Online Bible Sales
The Chinese government has banned on-
line retailers from selling the Bible, moving in
the wake of new rules to control the country’s
burgeoning religious scene. The measures
to limit Bible sales were announced over the
weekend and began taking effect this week.
By Thursday, internet searches for the Bible
came up empty on leading online Chinese re-
tailers, such as JD.com, Taobao, and Amazon.
The retailers did not respond to requests for
comment.  (NYT)
Bollywood Superstar Convicted
An Indian court convicted the Bollywood
star Salman Khan on Thursday in two cases of
killing rare antelopes, settling — for now — a
bitter legal battle that has stretched over near-
ly 20 years. Dev Kumar Khatri, the chief mag-
istrate of the court in Rajasthan State, called
Khan a “habitual offender” against India’s
wildlife protection laws. Khatri sentenced
Khan to five years in prison, and directed him
to pay a small fine. Four other actors accused
of being involved in killing the antelopes,
called blackbucks, were acquitted for lack of
evidence. The case stretches back to 1998,
when prosecutors said Khan went hunting
with other actors near Jodhpur while shooting
the film “Hum Saath Saath Hain.” (NYT)
NATIONAL FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018
Immigrants Undeterred by Washington’s Whims
MCALLEN, Tex. — They arrive
a few dozen at a time, their chil-
dren by their side, their belong-
ings in plastic bags.
The immigrants who step inside
a Catholic Charities relief center
in this South Texas border city are
the focus of national controversy,
but their concerns are more logis-
tical than political. One of the first
things they do after sitting down
is fix their shoes. Most have spent
a few days in federal detention
before coming here; they had to
remove their shoelaces, and they
sit down to tie their shoes.
Dozens of immigrants, mostly
from Central America, have been
crossing illegally here every day,
most of them scooped up by Bor-
der Patrol agents, given a court
date and an ankle bracelet moni-
toring device, and dropped off at
the downtown bus station. From
there, they are led by volunteers
to the nearby relief center, where
they sort through donated clothes
and change their infants’ diapers.
In the drama that is the mi-
Ohio Is Lovely, but a Primary State Tempts Kasich
MANCHESTER, N.H. — John
Kasich had been here before. This
much he pointed out, twice, before
anyone had a chance to wonder
why he was back.
“Wow!” he called out, stepping
into the Red Arrow Diner on Tues-
day for an unannounced stop.
“It was just this crowded the last
time.”
He sidled up beside the counter,
squatting to greet a young cus-
tomer, Sophia Bauer.
“How old are you?” he asked.
“Five? Are you going to be in first
grade? Do you have a dog? Oh,
really?” Soon, Sophia was being
tickled by the two-term Republi-
can governor of Ohio.
Surgeon General Suggests Carrying Opioid Antidote
WASHINGTON — The United
States Surgeon General, Dr. Je-
rome M. Adams, issued a national
advisory Thursday urging more
Americans to keep on hand and
learn how to use the drug, nalox-
one, which can save the lives of
people overdosing on opioids. Nal-
oxone has already revived thou-
sands of overdose victims as the
opioid epidemic has intensified,
but rescue workers have usually
been the ones to administer it.
grants’ journey, this is the inter-
mission — the limbo of waiting
for the journey to start up again.
And it goes on, seven days a week,
morning to night, regardless of
the news out of Washington.
“They will always come,” said
Mariana Salinas, 43, who was
apprehended crossing the Rio
Grande on an inflatable mattress
with her two sons last week after
fleeing the threat of gang violence
in her native El Salvador. “We’re
doing it for the kids.”
Earlier this week, on the day
White House officials announced
that President Trump planned to
deploy the National Guard to the
southern border, Salinas was one
of about 170 newly released immi-
grants who were assisted by the
center. The day before, the num-
ber was about 140.
Trump on Thursday railed
again at the flow of undocument-
ed immigrants across the border
but took credit on Twitter for re-
ducing such crossings to a 46-year
low. “We’re toughening up at the
It is both unclear what Kasich is
doing here, in the first-in-the-na-
tion primary state, and entirely
clear what he is doing. He is not
not running for president.
There would be nothing unusual
about this but for some inconve-
nient political context for Kasich.
President Trump intends to
run for re-election in 2020, and he
has beaten Kasich before — here
(by nearly 20 percentage points),
elsewhere, and everywhere but
the governor’s home state during
the last round of primaries. In a
party that has broadly pledged it-
self to Trump, the president would
almost certainly beat him again if
the race were held today.
It was the first advisory issued
by a surgeon general since 2005,
and it underscored the urgency
of addressing an opioid epidemic
that has killed more than 250,000
people over the past decade, in-
cluding more than 42,000 people
in 2016.
Adams said making naloxone
more available in communities
across the country is critical to
reducing overdose deaths among
people prescribed high doses of
border,” Trump told an audience
in West Virginia. “We’re throwing
them out by the hundreds.”
There was little evidence of that
this week at the border, where a
steady flow of immigrants made
their way out of the detention
center, through the relief center,
and from there, onward to cities
around the country. Border ap-
prehensions have slid significant-
ly over the past year, but the De-
partment of Homeland Security
announced Thursday that illegal
border crossings had surged in
March: The 37,393 individuals
apprehended on the Southwest
border was a 203 percent increase
over the same period in March
2017, though the number was low-
er than in 2013 and 2014.
Three of the four governors in
the states that share a border with
Mexico — Arizona, California,
New Mexico and Texas — have ex-
pressed support for Trump’s plan
to mobilize the National Guard to
help secure the border.
 MANNY FERNANDEZ
But the race is not being held to-
day, and Kasich is not exactly who
he was in 2016, when he finished a
semi-surprising second here. He
is one of the few prominent Re-
publicans willing to knock Trump
on health care, climate change,
Russia and other issues in front
of any television camera that will
have him. In doing so he has won
a new set of national admirers,
though not always those who vote
in Republican primaries.
A University of New Hampshire
poll released in February found
that 60 percent of the state’s Re-
publicans would support Trump
again in a primary.
 MATT FLEGENHEIMER
opioids for pain, as well as those
who abuse painkillers or illicit opi-
oids like fentanyl and heroin.
“Each day we lose 115 Amer-
icans to an opioid overdose
— that’s one person every 12.5
minutes,” Adams said. “It is time
to make sure more people have
access to this lifesaving medica-
tion, because 77 percent of opioid
overdose deaths occur outside of
a medical setting and more than
half occur at home.” (NYT)
3
In Brief
White House and State
Seek Deal on Emissions
Officials from the Trump
administration and the State
of California, who have been
negotiating behind the scenes on
car emissions standards, are ex-
pected to reopen talks that could
preserve rules targeted by the
Environmental Protection Agen-
cy for elimination, according to
people briefed on the talks. Scott
Pruitt, the E.P.A. administrator,
announced this week that the
agency would start the process
of rolling back the federal stan-
dards, which are aimed at cutting
emissions of carbon dioxide.
California has the legal author-
ity to write its own air pollution
rules and has threatened to sue to
protect that authority. An E.P.A.
spokeswoman, Liz Bowman, con-
firmed that the agency had “an
ongoing dialogue with California”
on emissions standards but de-
clined to discuss details.  (NYT)
Payment to Porn Star
President Trump denied on
Thursday knowing of a $130,000
payment his lawyer made to a
pornographic film actress who
claims to have had a sexual en-
counter with him, an assertion
that threatened to complicate his
legal battle against her. Asked if
he knew about the payment to the
actress, Stormy Daniels, whose
given name is Stephanie Clifford,
he said, “No.” Asked why Michael
D. Cohen, his lawyer, had made
the payment, Trump said, “You’ll
have to ask Michael Cohen.”
Trump said he did not know where
the money had come from.  (NYT)
Teachers Strike
Thousands of teachers, stu-
dents and their supporters
staged demonstrations in Okla-
homa City for the fourth straight
day Thursday while Republican
state lawmakers struggled to end
a walkout at some of Oklahoma’s
largest school districts. Legis-
lative leaders announced they
would take up two money-raising
bills Friday — a rarity for Okla-
homa lawmakers who typically
don’t go to the Capitol on the final
day of the workweek. But a top
teachers union leader said that
he did not believe the measures
under consideration would be
enough to end the strike. (AP)
BUSINESS FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018
Agency Chief Yearns Small but Pays Big
Mick Mulvaney, the acting
director of the Consumer Finan-
cial Protection Bureau, has com-
plained that the regulator engag-
es in “wasteful spending” and
needs to be slimmed down. To un-
derscore the point, he submitted
a quarterly budget request that
was a nice round number: $0.
That attitude, though, appar-
ently didn’t apply to two of his
recent hires.
Mulvaney appointed two se-
nior staff members who are paid
salaries of more than $230,000,
amounts that are far above what
they had been earning in their
previous government jobs, ac-
cording to agency documents
obtained by The New York Times.
The consumer bureau is al-
lowed under federal law to pay
employees significantly more
than other government agencies
Reconsidering Office Safety in the Shooter Era
The laid-back companies of Sil-
icon Valley are known for corpo-
rate headquarters that resemble
universities, where employee
collaborations take shape out on
the quad.
At the Google campus in Moun-
tain View, Calif., employees say
the co-founders Larry Page and
Sergey Brin stroll between meet-
ings without an obvious security
detail.
But those generous green
spaces and relaxed atmospheres
come with a trade-off: They’re
difficult to secure.
Many Google employees love
the headquarters’ open nature
but some worry about it, accord-
ing to one current and one former
Google employee who declined
Revered Literary Title Names a Surprising New Editor
Emily Nemens, a co-editor of
The Southern Review, seems
agnostic and omnivorous when
it comes to narrative mediums.
In addition to publishing poetry,
fiction and essays, she is a prolif-
ic illustrator who has amassed a
large following on Tumblr for her
watercolor portraits of women
serving in Congress.
She will now take on a more
prominent role in American
letters. On Thursday, she was
named the new editor of The Par-
is Review, a prestigious literary
magazine in the United States.
can pay. The rationale is that the
higher salaries are necessary to
recruit skilled employees who
otherwise might land jobs on Wall
Street.
As a result, the C.F.P.B. is
stocked with employees who
earn more than the average
Washington bureaucrat. Of the
agency’s 1,600 employees, 219
make more than $200,000, ac-
cording to the records.
The Trump administration
and Republican lawmakers have
been trying to defang the agency,
which they view as overly tough
on the finance industry. One
weapon they have tried to employ
is to reduce the amount of money
the agency can pay employees.
But Mulvaney was willing to
shell out top dollar for his high-
est-ranking appointees.
When he hired Kirsten Sutton
to be named because of a compa-
ny policy barring workers from
speaking to the news media.
There is often no barrier between
employees and the public, they
said. People sometimes slip into
buildings behind workers with
badges, they said, and neither
had ever seen an armed guard on
campus.
The shooting this week at the
headquarters of YouTube, has
highlighted the security risks of
Silicon Valley’s relatively open
corporate campuses.
But the risk is not confined to
the tech sector. Many companies
across the country are similarly
exposed, reflecting an open-door
policy that for generations has
pervaded corporate America,
Nemens, who lives in Baton
Rouge, La., and has been a co-edi-
tor of The Southern Review since
2013, is a surprising choice for a
publication so closely tied to the
New York literary world. She
takes the helm at a challenging
moment in the journal’s history,
several months after its previous
editor, Lorin Stein, resigned un-
der a cloud of sexual harassment
allegations.
Nemens’s eclectic taste and
creative ambitions proved to be a
draw for the Paris Review board,
which chose Nemens over a pool
4
THE MARKETS
in January to be the agency’s DJIA NASDAQ S & P 500
chief of staff, he agreed to pay 240.92 34.45 18.15
her $259,500 a year, according to ↗ 0.99% ↗ 0.49% ↗ 0.69%
the documents. Her salary is the 24,505.22 7,076.55 2,662.84
highest allowed under the con-
sumer bureau’s pay scale. EUR OP E
That salary represents a raise
of more than 50 percent from BRITAIN GERMANY FRANCE
what Sutton earned in her pre- FTSE 100 DAX CAC 40
vious job working for one of the 165.49 347.29 134.87
C.F.P.B.’s fiercest critics, Rep. ↗ 2.35% ↗ 2.90% ↗ 2.62%
Jeb Hensarling of Texas, the Re- 7,199.50 12,305.19 5,276.67
publican chairman of the House
Financial Services Committee. ASIA /PAC IFIC
Last year, as the committee’s
JAPAN HONG KONG CHINA
staff director, she earned a sala-
ry of about $170,000, according to NIKKEI 225 HANG SENG SHANGHAI
data from LegiStorm. 325.87 661.41 Market
Sutton is making 22 percent ↗ 1.53% ↘ 2.19% Holiday
more than her predecessor, Lean- 21,645.42 29,518.69
dra English, who earned $212,324
as chief of staff, according to the A M ERIC AS
office of Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis.
CANADA BRAZIL MEXICO
 STACY COWLEY
TSX BOVESPA BOLSA
191.68 263.77 494.29
↗ 1.26% ↘ 0.31% ↗ 1.04%
15,356.05 84,359.69 47,951.75
where safety training has long
focused on fire drills, earth- COM M ODIT I ES / B ON DS
quake-sheltering procedures and
GOLD 10-YR. TREAS. CRUDE OIL
accident cleanup. YIELD
On Tuesday, Nasim Najafi Agh-
dam, a YouTube user upset about ↘ 11.50 ↗ 0.02 ↗ 0.17
the company’s policies, shot three $1,324.30 2.83% $63.54
people at the company’s head-
quarters before killing herself,
police said. FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Aghdam shot the people in Fgn. currency Dollars in
an enclosed courtyard where in Dollars fgn.currency
employees dined. YouTube said
Australia (Dollar) .7684 1.3014
she had entered the courtyard
Bahrain (Dinar) 2.6522 .3771
through a parking garage. The Brazil (Real) .2991 3.3439
gate between the parking garage Britain (Pound) 1.4001 .7142
and the courtyard was unlocked, Canada (Dollar) .7845 1.2747
according to Zach Vorhies, an en- China (Yuan) .1586 6.3045
Denmark (Krone) .1644 6.0834
gineer at YouTube.
Dom. Rep. (Peso) .0202 49.4000
 TIFFANY HSU Egypt (Pound) .0567 17.6400
 and JACK NICAS Europe (Euro) 1.2234 .8174
Hong Kong (Dollar) .1274 7.8487
Japan (Yen) .0093 107.37
Mexico (Peso) .0549 18.2040
Norway (Krone) .1277 7.8285
Singapore (Dollar) .7599 1.3160
of candidates better known in So. Africa (Rand) .0835 11.9700
New York’s literary circles. She So. Korea (Won) .0009 1061.6
will begin her new job on June 1. Sweden (Krona) .1188 8.4169
Switzerland (Franc) 1.0382 .9632
In a statement, the magazine’s
publisher, Susannah Hunnewell, Source: Thomson Reuters
cited Nemens’s “proven track
record for finding diverse new
voices outside of established net- ONLINE:  MORE PRICES
works.” AND ANALYSIS
Despite The Paris Review’s
Æ
Information on all United
small size, a paid circulation of
around 23,000, it looms large in States stocks, plus bonds, mu-
the publishing world and has tual funds, commodities and foreign
played a significant part in shap- stocks along with analysis of indus-
ing American literary culture. try sectors and stock indexes:
 (NYT) nytimes.com/markets
BUSINESS FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 5

An Intoxicating Era in Japan Bubbles Back MOST ACTIVE,

TOKYO — Kaori Masukode- Kaori GAINERS AND LOSERS
ra remembers riding as a child Masukodera, left, % Volume
with her mother in the family’s Stock (Ticker) Close Chg chg (100)
convertible to the beach. It was and Mai Chusonji
the last gasp of the 1980s, a time of the duo Bed 10 MOST ACTIVE

of Champagne, garish colors and In, whose garish Micron (MU)

AMD (AMD)
49.84
10.02
◊3.55
+0.25
◊6.6
+2.6
874264
653658
bubbly disco anthems. outfits and BoFAML (BAC)
GE (GE)
30.32
13.43
+0.44
+0.15
+1.5
+1.1
554558
528478
Many economically stagnant bubbly music are Caesar (CZR) 11.50 +0.45 +4.1 489185
years later, the family’s convert- part of a nostalgic Facebo (FB)
Micros (MSFT)
159.34
92.38
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+0.05
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411317
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ible and beach vacations are long reappreciation CiscoS (CSCO) 41.82 +0.62 +1.5 290570
gone — but Masukodera is help- FordMo (F) 11.35 +0.02 +0.2 283493

ing to bring the rest of Japan’s of Japan’s 1980s Apple (AAPL) 172.80 +1.19 +0.7 267476

bubble era back. She performs economic boom. % Volume

in a pop-music duo called Bed In Stock (Ticker) Close Chg chg (100)

that borrows heavily from the
keyboard lines, electric drums
and power chords of the ’80s.
They dress ’80s, too: The shoul-
der pads are big, the skirts are
mini and the hues are Day-Glo.
Japan is in the midst of its most
prosperous period in decades.
Still, for many that only under-
lines how far the country has
fallen from the heights of the ’80s.
Wages are barely rising and the
population is aging.
That feeling has helped fuel
nostalgia for the last time Japan
was on top of the world.
Then there is the Maharaja. A
disco chain that ignited a boom in
similar clubs more than 30 years
ago. Maharaja clubs have re-
opened across Japan over the last
five years to cater to nostalgic ba-
by boomers, curious millennials
and unwitting tourists.
Many young Japanese like to
KO SASAKI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
re-enact the era through wild
limousine rides through Tokyo’s
streets. They are aimed at giving
otherwise frugal young women
a chance to dress up and cruise
the streets the way their mothers
might have in another era.
“I wanted to do this one last
time before I start working full
time,” said Mirei Sugita, 20.
That conspicuous consumption
of the ’80s and the relative lack of
it now underline the crucial differ-
ences between the two eras.
During the bubble years, men
jockeyed to take women out on
expensive dates and young peo-
ple flooded overseas travel des-
tinations. In Tokyo, taxis were so
hard to catch at night that people
waved 10,000 yen bills — worth
nearly $100 in today’s money — to
get the drivers’ attention.
10 TOP GAINERS
LongFi (LFIN) 19.14 +7.53 +64.9 150448
“It just feels like it was a more NetEle (NETE) 8.87 +2.20 +33.0 40152
forgiving time,” said Mai Chuson- Pulse (PLSE)
Ovid (OVID)
19.15
8.21
+3.63
+1.36
+23.4
+19.9
5001
1766
ji, 30, the other member of Bed In, Verito (VERI) 15.32 +2.16 +16.4 8410
iFresh (IFMK) 8.30 +1.05 +14.5 321
recalling how her mother said she RiotBl (RIOT) 7.22 +0.80 +12.5 34165
could barely remember the era ADT (ADT) 8.81 +0.96 +12.2 104076
VirTra (VTSI) 5.48 +0.57 +11.7 281
because she was “out having too MyersI (MYE) 23.35 +2.35 +11.2 1890
much fun.”
The economic boom back then % Volume
Stock (Ticker) Close Chg chg (100)
helped draw Japan’s women into
the work force, a process that con- 10 TOP LOSERS
tinues to this day. Bed In’s latest Conns (CONN) 30.73 ◊5.13 ◊14.3 42433
video nods to the era by parroting ACImmu (ACIU) 9.60 ◊1.20 ◊11.1 542
Evolus (EOLS) 8.11 ◊0.88 ◊9.8 2078
“trendy dramas,” a subgenre of Prothe (PRTA) 40.15 ◊4.06 ◊9.2 6725
TV programs of the bubble era Syndax (SNDX) 13.34
Concer (CNCE) 19.79
◊1.29 ◊8.8
◊1.87 ◊8.6
2664
2851
that depicted the busy lives of Rocket (RCKT) 16.15 ◊1.51 ◊8.6 4079
young Japanese career women. Melint (MLNT)
Shotsp (SSTI)
7.10
29.91
◊0.60 ◊7.8
◊2.48 ◊7.7
2819
3076
That era came to an abrupt end. LoxoOn (LOXO) 113.18 ◊9.35 ◊7.6 6029
Japan’s stock market crashed in Source: Thomson Reuters
1990. The period that followed is
often called the Lost Decade, as
Japan grappled with falling pric- Stocks on the Move
es, slow growth and burdensome
debt. MARI SAITO Stocks that moved substantially or traded
heavily Thursday:

Groups in Myanmar Fire Back at Zuckerberg

SHANGHAI — Civil society
groups in Myanmar on Thursday
criticized Facebook’s chief exec-
utive, Mark Zuckerberg, arguing
that he mischaracterized his com-
pany’s effectiveness at detecting
and quashing messages encour-
aging violence in the country.
The groups said Facebook had
no consistent methods for deal-
ing with hate speech in Myanmar.
The same problems keep recur-
ring, they said, with the company
routinely failing to follow up on
their comments and suggestions.
In a conversation with Vox’s
Ezra Klein this week, Zuckerberg
referred to a pair of chain letters
that spread around Myanmar on
Facebook Messenger last year.
One message warned Buddhist
groups about an imminent Mus-
lim attack on Sept. 11. The other,
spread among Muslim commu-
nities, cautioned of violence from
Buddhist nationalists.
“So that’s the kind of thing
where I think it is clear that peo-
ple were trying to use our tools in
order to incite real harm,” Zucker-
berg said. “Now, in that case, our
systems detect that that’s going
on. We stop those messages from
going through.”
In an open letter, the organi-
zations said the messages had
spread for days, and set off at
least three violent incidents.
They also said there was no
system at all, only a group of or-
ganizations and volunteers doing
their best to keep up with a tor-
rent of vitriol.
“In your interview, you refer
to your detection ‘systems.’ We
believe your system, in this case,
was us — and we were far from
systematic,” the letter says.
“From where we stand, this
case exemplifies the very oppo-
site of effective moderation: It
reveals an overreliance on third
parties, a lack of a proper mech-
anism for emergency escalation,
a reticence to engage local stake-
holders around systemic solu-
tions and a lack of transparency.”
Myanmar highlights key ex-
istential questions about Face-
book’s mission and responsibili-
ties. The site has closely connect-
ed people in the country. It has
also become a major channel for
the spread of hate speech and pro-
paganda that has encouraged and
obfuscated ethnic cleansing of the
country’s Muslim Rohingya, ac-
cording to human rights groups.
Almost 700,000 Rohingya have
fled to neighboring Bangladesh
since last summer, when the mil-
itary started a crackdown in the
country’s western Rakhine State.
Last month, United Nations in-
vestigators said Facebook played
a role in spreading hate speech
that incited violence against the
Rohingya. PAUL MOZUR
Conn’s Inc., down $5.12 to $30.73. The
retailer reported disappointing revenue
and forecast weak sales in the current
quarter.
Deere & Co., up $2.77 to $151.34.
Shares in the farm-equipment maker re-
covered losses as investors grew less fear-
ful about a trade war between the United
States and China.
J.M. Smucker Co., up 30 cents to $124.
The maker of jams, jellies and packaged
foods said it will buy pet food maker
Ainsworth for $1.9 billion.
Facebook Inc., up $4.24 to $159.34.
Facebook C.E.O. Mark Zuckerberg said he
doesn’t think the company has lost users
in the wake of its ongoing privacy scandal.
Navient Corp., up 82 cents to $13.66.
Investment firm Canyon Capital Advisers
disclosed a 7.8 percent stake in the stu-
dent loan servicing company.
Ollie’s Bargain Outlet Holdings Inc.,
down $1 to $59.45. The retailer’s stock
gave up some of its recent gains following
its fourth-quarter report.
Marathon Oil Corp., up 91 cents to
$16.80. Energy and basic materials com-
panies rose Thursday as the dollar gained
strength. (AP)
TRAVEL FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 6

Fashion Designers Thread the Needle of Hope in Rwanda

The story of the fashion scene in dan touches such as colorful pat-
Rwanda today is a story of hope. terns and asked Patrick if he would
In a country often defined by its make pieces for them, too. When
horrific genocide in 1994, when an the inquiries kept pouring in, he
estimated 800,000 people, mostly launched his label, Inkanda House.
Tutsi men, women and children, Rwanda’s pool of fashion design-
were killed in 100 days, a new gen- ers who are in their 20s to their 40s
eration of passionate designers extends beyond the Fashion Hub.
wants to create a future where Joselyne Umutoniwase, the
their African nation is known for founder of the fashion brand
producing stylish clothes and ac- Rwanda Clothing, for example, is
cessories and not only its dark, renowned in the country for her
traumatizing past. stylish cuts with African-inspired
The government is priming patterns for both genders, which
these designers for success she describes as “modern African.”
through an initiative called Made Two years ago, seven Kigali de-
in Rwanda, aimed at supporting JACQUES NKINZINGABO FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES signers banded together to form
the production of local goods and Muhire Patrick is part of Rwanda’s burgeoning fashion scene. CollectiveRw, and regularly host
limiting imports — sending Rwan- pop-up stores around town as well
dan designers abroad to partic- as an annual fashion show, where
ipate in trade shows and not taxing them to being a fashion photographer but said that the price for a ticket starts at about $18. The
import fabrics and other materials they need there was no fashion in Rwanda to shoot. collective’s second annual show, in June 2017 at
for their designs are two examples of the help “Fashion was nonexistent, but today, there are Kigali Exhibition and Conference Village, had
Made in Rwanda offers. designers all over Kigali, and throughout the more than 800 attendees.
On my recent trip to the Rwandan capital of country,” he said. Teta Isibo, the founder of the jewelry and
Kigali, a city of verdant hillsides and 1.1 million I spent a day with him driving around Kigali home-goods brand Inzuki Designs, is one of
people, I met Daniel Ndayishimiye, who, in so that he could introduce me to some of the the collective’s members, and said that the
2016, established Fashion Hub Kigali, a non- Fashion Hub’s designers. group wants to push Rwandan fashion on both
governmental organization that is also sup- Our first stop was to see clothing and jewelry a local and international scale.
porting designers. Fashion Hub helps more designer Muhire Patrick at his atelier, in the in- Isibo’s bold and colorful trinkets are already
than 100 designers in Rwanda by offering them dustrial Gikondo neighborhood. Patrick’s for- sold at a handful of retailers in the United
training and access to tools such as pattern ay into the business was unplanned: when his States including the gift store at the Field Mu-
cutters and sewing machines. Ndayishimiye’s sister was getting married in 2009, he couldn’t seum, in Chicago, but she dreams of a bigger
father and brother were killed in the genocide, find anything that he wanted to wear for the presence all over the world.
but he said that he has every reason to look celebrations. “I’m part of a lucky generation of young
ahead, not back. “I went to every possible store in Kigali, and Rwandans who have the opportunity to create
“I have a purpose,” he said. “I want Rwan- then one day, on a whim, I decided to create the our own reality and not feel held back because
dans to be proud of donning designs by fellow outfits I envisioned,” he said. of the genocide,” she said. “I see a future for us
Rwandans. ” Friends and family at the wedding compli- that’s bright, and one where fashion thrives.”
Ndayishimiye grew up with aspirations of mented his modern look infused with Rwan-  SHIVANI VORA

Granddaughter Shares Memories of Traveling With Churchill

Winston Churchill has been a
source of both admiration and
criticism ever since he was elect-
ed as Britain’s prime minister in
1940, when the country was in the
midst of World War II.
Churchill’s granddaughter, Ce-
lia Sandys, has written five books
on various aspects of her grandfa-
ther’s life and frequently accom-
panied him on his vacations.
Below are edited excerpts from
a conversation with Sandys about
the man she called “grandpapa.”
Q: Perhaps more so than many
other leaders, Churchill has been
a continued source of fascination
for so many people. Why do you
think that is?
A: World War II is a crucial part
of world history, and he had a key
role in the war. He became prime
minister on May 10, 1940, when
the war had already been going
on for several months. It was a dif-
ficult moment for the country. The
British Army
was marooned
on the beach-
es of Dunkirk,
in France, and
surrounded by
Germans. My
grandfather
Celia Sandys ordered a fleet
of small boats
to go across the
Channel and pick up the soldiers.
The Air Force flew overhead to
help protect the boats.
Incredibly, many of the soldiers
survived, which was a huge boost
to England’s morale because ev-
eryone thought that they would
either die or be taken as prisoners.
The success of Dunkirk gave my
grandfather an incredible boost
at the start of his premiership and
increased his popularity on the
international stage, where he still
plays his part.
Q: How often did you travel with
your grandfather and to what des-
tinations?
A: We took five trips together.
He had nine other grandchildren,
but they were either too young or
had other commitments. I hap-
pened to be of the right age and
available and feel very lucky that
I had a lot of one-on-one time with
him.
Our first trip, in 1959, was a
monthlong vacation on the On-
assis yacht sailing around the
Greek Islands. We were a group
of a dozen, including my mother,
Diana, and the opera singer Maria
Callas, and her husband. Aristotle
Onassis was our host. We visit-
ed Mykonos and Delos and ma-
ny other islands and eventually
ended up in Istanbul. During the
cruise, my grandfather would sit
on the boat’s deck and puff a cigar
every day and take in the scenery.
We also took several trips to
Monte Carlo and stayed at the
Hotel de Paris for several weeks
at a time.
Q: Is there one memory that
stands out from your travels to-
gether?
A: On one of our last trips, to
Monte Carlo, which was in 1962,
he fell down in his hotel room in
the middle of the night and broke
his hip. Everyone thought he
was going to die, including him.
The day after this happened, the
Prime Minister, Harold Macmil-
lan, sent a plane to pick us up. He
lay on a stretcher on the flight
home. I held his hand the whole
time and prayed that he would
make it. He ended up living three
more years, and we took another
trip to France the following year.
Q: Did your grandfather have
any travel rituals?
A: Painting. He painted con-
stantly when he was on the road
and never traveled without his
paints.  SHIVANI VORA
JOURNAL FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 7

Women Barred From Sumo Ring, Even to Save a Man’s Life

TOKYO — Sumo wrestling, one of Japan’s peatedly be heard over a loudspeaker yelling, eign Studies. “And then they use the name of
oldest and most hallowed sports, has all kinds “Women, come out of the ring” — attracting a tradition in order not to change things.”
of inviolable rituals. The wrestlers must wear fusillade of criticism. “Believing that tradition The women called out of the ring at the su-
their hair in carefully coifed topknots. Before is more important than human lives is like a mo event included a nurse from the audience
every match, they scatter grains of purifying cult that mistakes fundamentalism for tradi- who rushed onto the dohyo, as the straw ring
salt. And women are never, ever, allowed in tion,” Yoshinori Kobayashi, a popular comic is known, to administer cardiopulmonary
the ring. Even when a man’s life is at stake. book artist, wrote on his blog. resuscitation to the fallen politician. Ryozo
Sumo’s discriminatory practices came In a country that consistently ranks low Tatami, the mayor of Maizuru, a city in Kyoto
under new scrutiny after a referee shooed among developed countries on gender equal- prefecture, was giving a speech when he had
women out of a ring at an exhibition match ity in health, education, the economy and pol- a brain hemorrhage and collapsed.
in Kyoto on Wednesday when they rushed to itics, the episode was seen as a metaphor for In the video, it appears that several male
offer lifesaving measures to a politician who how women are regarded in Japan. sumo staff members gathered around Tatami
had collapsed while delivering a speech. “I think that both men and women in Japan before the female nurse arrived to start CPR.
The news dominated television talk shows are reluctant to change both the workplace Three other women also rushed to help. When
and social media on Thursday, with a video and tradition,” said Kumiko Nemoto, a pro- the referee told them to leave, the women
of the episode — in which a referee could re- fessor of sociology at Kyoto University of For- backed off, causing confusion and scuffling
around the patient. It appeared from the video
CROSSWORD Edited by Will Shortz that a man took over CPR before male emer-
gency workers from the Fire Department
PUZZLE BY DAVID STEINBERG
ACROSS Salinger title girl
arrived. Tatami was taken to a hospital for
48 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
surgery, where he remains in stable condition.
1 Someone who 51 Prey for an eagle
cares too much? or bear 17 After the outcry following Wednesday’s
Serious Monster of TV
incident, Nobuyoshi Hakkaku, the chairman
17 54 18
competition of the Japan Sumo Association, issued a state-
57 Sophomoric
18 It sends waves rejoinder 19 20 21 ment thanking the woman who “quickly pro-
through waves vided emergency measures” and apologizing
61 1958 Bobby 22 23 24 25 26
19 College Board Freeman hit for the referee who told her and the other
offering, for short covered by the 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 women to leave the ring. “It was not an appro-
Guarded Beach Boys and priate response,” Hakkaku said.
the Ramones
20
34 35 36
Nincompoop Historians trace sumo’s roots to harvest
Be beneficial to
21
62
22 Age 37 38 39 rituals associated with the Shinto religion.
24 Foggy condition Various theories exist as to why women are
DOWN 40 41 42
They go to the
barred from the ring. One theory suggests
1 Part of a locker
27
dogs 43 44 45 that sumo matches were originally put on
Unrelenting 2 Love symbol that to entertain the goddesses of the harvest,
names another
29
46 47
Stops streaming
and farmers believed that women in the ring
34 love symbol if
you move the would invoke the jealousy and rage of the god-
35 Part of ISIL 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
first letter to the desses, who would spoil the harvest.
36 Small slice of end 57 58 59 60
pizza? Today’s tradition of barring women from the
3 Moon buggy ring is as much a habit as anything else, said
37 Party hearty 61
4 Kick-start Lee Thompson, a professor of sports science
38 X 62
5 Banned at Waseda University. “The people who are in
39 Help in a gym pollutant, for charge now say that’s the way it was as they
40 Poetic short 4/6/18
remember it, and they just want to keep it the
preposition 6A large quantity French toast Civil rights icon Kind of acting
12 30 45 way it is,” Thompson said. MOTOKO RICH
Draconian maker, maybe Medgar Spirit
7 Show vanity, in a
41 47
42 Ex-Expo Rusty way 13 14-line poem 31 Quick way Some sked
with only two through a toll
48
Deliveries in the 8 Havea large predictions
43
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early 1940s quantity of liquor Completely
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49
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ruined
Olympics host 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, NY 10018
45 14

46 Santa ___ 10 Drink after a 15 “No ___” before Barcelona 50 Itzamna •

race, say worshipers
47 They have strong 16 Veteran’s 33 Save for later Tom Brady, Editor
teeth Pressure meas. opposite Requested email: digesteditor@nytimes.com
Giant
11 52
service
35
Certain letter Eugene in labor •
Palindromic
23
TimesDigest Sales Office
38
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE addendum, for history
53
short man’s name
Gives a blank phone: (212) 556-1200
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K A F K A M A N O A S E A 39
25 Result of an oil look
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A G A I N S A N A N D R E A S surplus
___ Jorge (one of
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B O T T O M O F T H E N I N T H 41
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For advertising information
O R E I L I E C A D
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27 42
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OPINION FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 8

EDITORIALS OF THE TIMES PAUL KRUGMAN

Trump’s War on the Truth The Art of the Flail

Many people, including many Republican
lawmakers, dismiss President Trump’s attacks
on The Washington Post, CNN and other news
organizations as just one of those things he
does to blow off steam. They’re wrong.
Yes, Trump hasn’t been able to implement
many of his worst proposals to undermine
the press. Congress hasn’t tried to change the
First Amendment or pass new libel laws, and
journalists regularly unearth new scandals.
But Trump’s statements are clearly having
an effect in the United States and especially
around the world, where political leaders have
seen them as a green light to crack down on the
press. Malaysian lawmakers this week passed
a law that would impose prison sentences of
up to six years on people found to be spreading
“fake news.” In India, the government of Prime
Minister Narendra Modi proposed revoking
the accreditation of journalists who traffic in
“fake news” before scrapping it.
In recent days, Trump turned his guns on
The Post, accusing it of trying to advance the
business interests of its owner, Jeff Bezos and
Amazon. Much has been made of the accusa-
tions the president has hurled at Amazon’s
business practices. But don’t be distracted.
Trump isn’t really distressed about the coffers
of state and local governments. He is trying to
undermine the credibility of The Post because
it is holding his administration to account.
“Trump seems to be succeeding just through
the force of his daily verbal assaults in shak-
ing trust in the press and in other institutions
that are crucial to our democracy,” said Jameel
Jaffer, director of the Knight First Amendment
Institute at Columbia University.
When Trump calls every piece of informa-
tion he does not like “fake news,” he also en-
courages politicians in other countries who are
not constrained by constitutional free speech
protections or independent judiciaries to more
aggressively squelch the press. They know
that there will be little international condem-
nation of their actions because one of the most
important standard bearers for a free press is
led by a man trying to discredit the free press.
Malaysia’s democracy is clearly flawed —
the same coalition has ruled it since it became
independent in 1957 — but it is not in the same
league as countries like China and Russia,
where freedom of speech is extremely cir-
cumscribed. By criminalizing “fake news,” it
is heading in that direction. Indian journalists
and free speech advocates are worried about
the government’s hostility toward an indepen-
dent press and fear it will become even more
aggressive as next year’s parliamentary elec-
tions draw closer.
The Committee to Protect Journalists has
documented an uptick in attacks on the press
in Egypt, Myanmar, Poland, Turkey and other
countries. Last year, 21 journalists were im-
prisoned for reporting false news.
Trump is unlikely to change his ways, and
his most loyal supporters will support him no
matter what he does. It is up to everybody else,
Republicans and Democrats alike, to stand up
and speak out against his destructive attacks
on the press and the truth.
If you’ve been watching stock markets,
you’re probably feeling seasick. The Dow is
crashing! No, it’s bouncing back!
Trying to explain stock fluctuations is a
mug’s game. But in this case it’s pretty clear
what’s going on. Whenever investors suspect
that Donald Trump will really go through
with his threats of big tariff increases, stocks
plunge. Every time they decide it’s just theater,
stocks recover. Markets really, really don’t like
the idea of a trade war.
So is a trade war coming? Nobody knows —
even, or perhaps especially, Trump himself.
While trade is one of Trump’s two signature
issues — animus toward dark-skinned people
being the other — when it comes to making ac-
tual demands on other countries, Trump and
his aides either don’t know what they want
or they want things that our trading partners
can’t deliver. Not won’t — can’t.
Let’s talk about the will-he-or-won’t-he
confrontation with China. It has pretty much
thumbed its nose at international rules on in-
tellectual property rights, grabbing foreign
technology without proper payment.
But if getting China to pay what it owes for
technology were the goal, you’d expect the U.S.
both to make specific demands on that front
and to adopt a strategy aimed at inducing Chi-
na to meet those demands.
What seems to really bother Trump is China’s
trade surplus with the United States, which he
has repeatedly said is $500 billion a year. (It’s
actually less than $340 billion.) This trade sur-
plus, he insists, means China is winning.
As many people have pointed out, this is junk
economics. Except at times of mass unemploy-

No Way to Run a War Policy

As recently as Tuesday, the Pentagon was
advocating an indefinite American military
presence in Syria. Gen. Joseph Votel, head of
the Central Command, said, “The hard part, I
think, is in front of us.”
What a shock it must have been for Votel to
find out later that President Trump was sup-
plying a decidedly different vision to the White
House press corps: “I want to get out.”
We know how Trump feels. We have long
shared the concerns expressed by him and
before him, President Barack Obama, about
a long-term American commitment in Syria,
where ISIS is one combatant in a set of brutal
overlapping conflicts that began as a civil war
against President Bashar al-Assad in 2001, to-
re the country apart and, so far, has killed half
a million people.
The problem is that Trump has an impulse
but no strategy, an emotion but little insight
into reality on the ground. His call to withdraw
troops immediately is at odds with warnings
from American commanders who believe that
it could lead to a resurgence by ISIS, like the re-
bound of militants in Iraq after Obama brought
troops home from there. This is a familiar pat-
tern for Trump: He skips past the hard work of
commander in chief, seeking a quick political
gain while foisting responsibility for difficult
military decisions onto the generals.
There are roughly 2,000 American troops
fighting ISIS in Syria today. In January, Secre-
tary of State Rex Tillerson declared they could
expect to remain there indefinitely.
The president just doesn’t seem to get that
any American withdrawal requires careful
thought to ensure we don’t surrender the gains
we’ve made, endanger troops on the ground or
alienate our allies. What will happen, for in-
stance, to Syrian Kurds who have been crucial
American partners in fighting ISIS and now
are under attack by Turkey, which considers
the Kurds to be terrorists?
Besides Iran, another notable American
adversary is likely to benefit from Trump’s
apparent desire to retreat from the Middle
East: Russia. Already, he is letting Russia take
the lead in Syria, ceding to Vladimir Putin the
crucial diplomatic work of forging a political
agreement between Assad and the Syrian reb-
els. Putin, an Assad ally, met Iranian and Turk-
ish leaders in Istanbul on Wednesday to plan
Syria’s future. How does that serve American
interests?
ment, trade deficits aren’t a subtraction from
the economies that run them, nor are trade
surpluses an addition to the economies on the
other side of the imbalance. Over all, the U.S.
trade deficit is just the flip side of the fact that
America attracts more inward investment
from foreigners than the amount Americans
invest abroad. Trade policy has nothing to do
with it.
Beyond this conceptual confusion, there’s a
raw fact few people seem to appreciate: China
no longer runs big trade surpluses.
It’s not clear that China could even do much
to reduce its bilateral surplus with the U.S.: To
do so, it would basically have to have a com-
pletely different economy. And this just isn’t
going to happen unless we have a full-blown
trade war that shuts down much of the global
economy as we know it.
A trade war would devastate much of pro-
Trump rural America, since a large share of our
agricultural production — including almost
two-thirds of food grains — is exported.
And that’s why things seem so incoherent.
One day Trump talks tough on trade; then
stocks fall, and his advisers scramble to say
that the trade war won’t really happen; then
he worries that he’s looking weak, and tweets
out more threats; and so on. Call it the art of
the flail.
SPORTS FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018 9

It Was a Day of Wild Twists (Ankles Excluded) Irving Out of Playoffs

AUGUSTA, Ga. — Maybe the
tone of the opening day of the
2018 Masters tournament was set
when the defending champion,
Sergio García, hit five balls into
the pond in front of the 15th hole
for an eventual eight-over par 13.
It was the highest score registered
on the 15th hole at the Masters.
Later, Jordan Spieth, the 2015
Masters champion, endured a top-
sy-turvy front nine before roaring
through the back nine in four-un-
der par, finishing with a six-under
66 and the first-round lead.
Spieth was closely pursued by a
field of challengers that included
six major championship winners
within five strokes of the lead, in-
cluding Rory McIlroy, who shot
69, and Phil Mickelson who was
one behind McIlroy. Tiger Woods
shot a one-over par 73.
But of all the startling things
that transpired Thursday, nothing
was more unexpected than Tony
Finau dislocating his left ankle
Wednesday and rebounding a day
later to register a four-under par
68 in the first round. That score
left Finau, who injured himself
celebrating a hole-in-one in the
tournament’s par 3 contest, in
a tie for second place with Matt
Kuchar.
“It’s nothing short of a miracle if
you ask me,” Finau said of his per-
formance.
When Finau walked off the 18th
green Thursday — with a slight
limp — it was only about 24 hours
since television cameras captured
him running backward with his
arms over his head as he rejoiced
in the wake of his hole-in-one in
the largely exhibition, ceremonial
par 3 contest.
But things went from winsome
to gruesome quickly as Finau’s
left foot landed off-balance and the
ankle bent awkwardly as he slid to
the turf. The distorted ankle was
plain for all to see and that view
only got worse when the cameras
focused in on Finau as he reached
down and popped the ankle joint
back into place.
Or as Finau, 28, said Thursday,
looking back on the injury and the
video of it that he watched a few
times: “I saw where it was and
I knew where it needed to be. I
popped it back in and tried to be as
smooth as I could be.”
But not long after Finau, who
was playing in his first Masters,
left the golf course and was ex-
amined by doctors. Withdrawing
from the tournament seemed a
likely outcome.
But an M.R.I. revealed the
only serious damage was torn
ligaments. It was, Finau said, a
sprained ankle, albeit a bad one.
 BILL PENNINGTON
The Boston Celtics will enter
the N.B.A. playoffs without Kyrie
Irving, their All-Star point guard,
who needs another operation on
his left knee. The team announced
Thursday that Irving, who un-
derwent surgery last month,
was scheduled for a procedure to
remove two screws and that he
would need four to five months to
recover. He averaged 24.4 points a
game this season. (NYT)
N.B.A. S CO RES
WEDNESDAY’S LATE GAME
L.A. Lakers 122, San Antonio 112, OT
THURSDAY
Indiana 126, Golden State 106
Nets 119, Milwaukee 111
Cleveland 119, Washington 115
Houston 96, Portland 94
Utah 117, L.A. Clippers 95
N.H.L. S CO RES
WEDNESDAY’S LATE GAME
Anaheim 3, Minnesota 1
THURSDAY
Pittsburgh 5, Columbus 4, OT
Nashville 4, Washington 3

Back From Injury, Mets’ Slugger Puts On a Show Philadelphia 4, Carolina 3

WASHINGTON — While
swinging the bat in a game last
August, Michael Conforto, the
Mets’ shining star in a dreadful
2017 season, dislocated his left
shoulder. If any one image em-
bodied that Mets campaign, it was
Conforto clutching his arm while
writhing on the ground.
And if any one moment on
Thursday helped put that image
to rest it was the one of Conforto
grinning widely as he finished
rounding the bases in the fifth in-
ning, having smashed a go-ahead
two-run homer in the Mets’ em-
phatic 8-2 win over Washington in
the Nationals’ chilly home opener.
In all, Conforto went 1 for 4 on the
day with a walk, two runs batted
in and two runs scored, solid num-
bers for his delayed 2018 debut.
The Mets had initially pointed
to May 1 as a possible return date
for Conforto, who had surgery to
repair the posterior capsule that
tore during his shoulder dislo-
cation. But Conforto ended up
beating that projection by three
weeks.
“I never really had May 1 in my
mind,” Conforto said. “It was, let’s
see how quickly I can get ready,
stay healthy at the same time and
do things the right way.”
For his return, Conforto was
back atop the Mets’ lineup, where
he often batted last season. And
Devils 2, Toronto 1
Islanders 2, Rangers 1
with the victory over their biggest Montreal 4, Detroit 3
Florida 3, Boston 2
division rival, the Mets improved Winnipeg 2, Calgary 1
to 5-1 this season. But until Thurs-
day, they were generally winning A.L. S CO R ES
games without major contribu- WEDNESDAY’S LATE GAME
tions from their best players, save Oakland 6, Texas 2
for Yoenis Cespedes. THURSDAY
Consider that Noah Synder- Boston 3, Tampa Bay 2, 12 innings
Texas 6, Oakland 3
gaard has allowed six runs over
Detroit 9, Chicago White Sox 7, 10 innings
10 innings in his two starts this Minnesota 4, Seattle 2
season. Or that pitcher Jacob Baltimore 5, Yankees 2
deGrom’s first start of the sea-
son was unspectacular. Or that N.L. S CO R ES
Jay Bruce entered Thursday’s THURSDAY
game with no home runs and only Mets 8, Washington 2
four hits in 20 at-bats. The Mets’ Philadelphia 5, Miami 0
Colorado 3, San Diego 1
strengths had been the team’s Pittsburgh 5, Cincinnati 2
depth and bullpen. Arizona 3, St. Louis 1
 JAMES WAGNER Chicago Cubs 8, Milwaukee 0

WEATHER
High/low temperatures for the 21 hours ended at 4 p.m.
yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in inches) for
the 18 hours ended at 1 p.m. yesterday. Expected condi-
tions for today and tomorrow.
Weather conditions: C-clouds, F-fog, H-haze, I-ice,
PC-partly cloudy, R-rain, S-sun, Sh-showers, Sn-snow, SS-
snow showers, T-thunderstorms, Tr-trace, W-windy.
U.S. CITIES
Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Albuquerque 73/ 50 0 75/ 52 PC 82/ 59 PC
Atlanta 66/ 38 0 73/ 58 PC 62/ 40 R
Boise 60/ 48 Tr 60/ 52 C 62/ 43 Sh
Boston 42/ 30 0 47/ 37 Sn 44/ 31 Sn
Buffalo 31/ 24 0.04 41/ 24 Sn 33/ 24 PC
Charlotte 62/ 38 0 73/ 56 PC 62/ 34 R
Chicago 42/ 23 0.02 36/ 19 W 37/ 20 S
Cleveland 42/ 28 Tr 49/ 24 W 35/ 26 PC
Dallas-Ft. Worth 75/ 46 0 82/ 41 T 56/ 42 PC
Denver 64/ 39 0 39/ 21 C 61/ 38 C
Detroit 44/ 27 0 45/ 21 W 39/ 23 PC
Houston 73/ 53 0.01 83/ 65 T 66/ 54 C
Kansas City 66/ 33 0 37/ 15 Sn 40/ 27 S
Los Angeles 67/ 55 0 71/ 58 PC 70/ 55 C
Miami 83/ 68 0.09 83/ 73 PC 86/ 71 Sh
Mpls.-St. Paul 40/ 13 0 23/ 10 PC 30/ 14 S
New York City 45/ 34 0 54/ 36 C 43/ 30 Sn
Orlando 80/ 62 0 86/ 65 S 86/ 65 T
Philadelphia 46/ 36 0 62/ 37 C 42/ 31 Sn
Phoenix 93/ 64 0 92/ 69 PC 94/ 72 C
Salt Lake City 69/ 44 0.01 60/ 51 Sh 64/ 46 R
San Francisco 63/ 52 0 64/ 59 R 64/ 52 Sh
Seattle 54/ 46 0.24 64/ 50 R 56/ 46 R
St. Louis 62/ 28 0 46/ 23 Sn 41/ 28 PC
Washington 56/ 34 0 69/ 37 C 40/ 33 Sn
FOREIGN CITIES
Yesterday Today Tomorrow
Acapulco 89/ 72 0 84/ 72 PC 83/ 72 PC
Athens 76/ 45 0 69/ 55 T 68/ 54 T
Beijing 50/ 32 0 50/ 32 C 54/ 35 S
Berlin 59/ 45 0.15 53/ 38 PC 65/ 46 S
Buenos Aires 86/ 63 0 67/ 58 R 74/ 59 PC
Cairo 81/ 57 0 84/ 63 S 84/ 61 S
Cape Town 73/ 59 0 70/ 50 S 69/ 55 PC
Dublin 46/ 30 0 52/ 43 R 55/ 41 Sh
Geneva 57/ 43 0.01 63/ 42 PC 66/ 47 PC
Hong Kong 84/ 71 0 79/ 61 W 74/ 63 C
Kingston 84/ 76 0.01 87/ 75 PC 86/ 76 PC
Lima 76/ 68 0 77/ 67 PC 76/ 67 PC
London 55/ 40 0 60/ 50 PC 58/ 49 Sh
Madrid 66/ 38 0 66/ 48 T 57/ 44 R
Mexico City 78/ 56 0 77/ 53 PC 79/ 54 PC
Montreal 27/ 14 0 40/ 27 Sn 37/ 22 PC
Moscow 49/ 28 0 51/ 33 R 42/ 29 W
Nassau 88/ 70 0.03 83/ 71 PC 85/ 73 PC
Paris 54/ 45 0 66/ 50 S 65/ 52 T
Prague 57/ 45 0.04 50/ 33 PC 62/ 42 S
Rio de Janeiro 86/ 74 0 83/ 72 T 84/ 74 Sh
Rome 63/ 54 0.06 68/ 48 S 66/ 50 S
Santiago 79/ 51 0 75/ 50 S 79/ 47 S
Stockholm 44/ 38 0.29 43/ 26 Sn 47/ 35 PC
Sydney 83/ 66 0 79/ 68 S 82/ 67 S
Tokyo 57/ 48 0.04 70/ 62 W 69/ 48 W
Toronto 34/ 23 0 43/ 21 Sn 37/ 21 PC
Vancouver 52/ 43 0.23 57/ 46 C 55/ 44 Sh
Warsaw 68/ 41 0 53/ 32 PC 58/ 41 S
SPORTS JOURNAL FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 2018
Woods Digs Deep to Keep the Bogeys at Bay
AUGUSTA, Ga. — The Masters
patrons who flocked to watch Ti-
ger Woods’s first round of a major
tournament in 963 days did not
see the dominant Woods.
In his previous 78
On Golf trips around Augus-
Karen ta National, Woods
Crouse had played the four
longest holes in 150
strokes under par. On Thursday,
he covered those par 5s in even
par. It was only the fifth time in
21 Masters starts that Woods
had failed to birdie at least one of
those holes.
His round was a clinic in grit.
It took his followers on a roll-
er-coaster ride that ended in a
one-over 73.
At the par-4 11th, Woods’s drive
sailed right; his low second shot
smacked a member of the gal-
lery; his chip stopped 20 feet from
the hole. His par putt missed.
At the par-3 12th, Woods’s tee
shot landed in Rae’s Creek. After
he pitched to 18 feet, Woods made
the bogey putt. After another
errant drive on the par-5 13th,
Woods hit another low shot that
scattered the patrons, he pitched
to 16 feet and narrowly missed a
birdie attempt.
At that point, Woods was three
over par and seven strokes be-
hind the early pacesetter, Marc
Leishman. But Woods, digging
deep, then birdied two of his final
After Dismal Start, Isner Regains ‘Winning Feeling’
John Isner had time to kill.
After a first-round loss to Ry-
an Harrison in Acapulco, Mex-
ico, in late February, Isner was
hanging his head. He had lost his
first match in four of the five tour
events he had entered in 2018.
He did not need to arrive in In-
dian Wells, Calif., for his next tour-
nament until the following week,
so Isner made a stop in Los Ange-
les to work with Justin Gimelstob,
one of his three coaches.
“I have tremendous belief in
him, I always have,” Gimelstob
said. “People always oversimplify
John because they think he’s all
serve and he should be able to win
that way.”
By the time Isner arrived at
the BNP Paribas Open in Indian
Wells, he thought he was ready to
win. Instead, he fell to Gaël Mon-
fils, 6-7 (5), 7-6 (3), 7-5, in his first
match.
When Isner arrived at the
JAMIE SQUIRE/GETTY IMAGES
Tiger Woods failed to birdie
on the par 5s for the fifth
time in 21 Masters starts.
five holes.
Woods has played the 15th hole
79 times since his first Masters
appearance in 1995, and his worst
score was a triple bogey 8.
It was easy to get swept up in
the hype that heralded Woods’s
first appearance in a major since
he missed the cut at the 2015
P.G.A. Championship. At his
pretournament news conference
this week, Woods was asked if
it would qualify as “the greatest
sporting comeback of all time” if,
at the tournament’s end, he was
wearing his fifth Masters jacket.
Miami Open two weeks ago, he
was feeling physically fortified,
but still a little shaken mentally
and emotionally. He and David
Macpherson, his day-to-day
coach, dissected past matches,
and Isner confessed to having in-
ner demons that were preventing
him from closing out contests.
Isner said he gained a new per-
spective on his tennis, and his life,
when he married his longtime
girlfriend, Madison McKinley,
last December. “I had to be a lit-
tle bit vulnerable in hashing out
what I’m feeling in the big mo-
ments and what was preventing
me from playing my best in those
moments. I had to get it out of my
system.”
The result was a more relaxed
and free-flowing Isner, a player
who cracked groundstrokes with
new aplomb and roared through
the Miami Open draw, upset-
ting second-seeded Marin Cilic,
Woods mentioned Ben Hogan,
who in 1949 was driving a car
that collided head-on with a bus.
Hogan’s left leg was mangled.
He sustained fractures in his left
collarbone, left ankle, pelvis and
a rib. He developed blood clots.
After an 11-month rehabilitation,
Hogan returned at age 37 and
won the last six of his nine ma-
jors, including two Masters.
“I mean, he got hit by a bus and
came back and won major cham-
pionships,” Woods said, insisting
that Hogan’s comeback qualified
as the greatest in sports.
Jack Burke Jr., the 1956 Mas-
ters champion, was competing
when Hogan returned. Now
95, Burke watched the telecast
of Thursday’s round from the
Champions Golf Club in Houston.
When Hogan returned, Burke
said, there was much less fanfare.
“The tour didn’t have the repu-
tation that it does now because
of television,” he said. “He came
back, and it was like nobody
knew he had been gone.”
Burke said he wouldn’t be
surprised if Woods is successful
in his comeback. “It’s like being
governor and coming back to be
governor again,” he said.
Woods was certainly not the
governor on Thursday, but he
didn’t take himself out of the
running, either. “I’m right back in
this tournament,” he said.
fifth-seeded Juan Martín del Po-
tro and fourth-seeded Alexander
Zverev to capture the first Mas-
ters 1000 title of his career.
Two weeks shy of his 33rd birth-
day, Isner is the oldest first-time
Masters 1000 champion. The
victory also catapulted him to a
career-high ranking of No. 9 and
gave him the largest payday, at
$1,454,982.
This weekend, Isner will lead
the United States in the Davis Cup
quarterfinals against Belgium in
Nashville. A win would put the
team into the semifinals in Sep-
tember against either Croatia or
Kazakhstan.
The last time the Americans
reached the semifinals was in
2012, when they lost to Spain. It
has been 11 years since the Unit-
ed States, behind Andy Roddick,
James Blake and the Bryan broth-
ers, won its last Davis Cup.
 CINDY SHMERLER
10
In Brief
Against Yankees, Orioles
Snap a Losing Streak
Adam Jones hit a go-ahead
home run, Andrew Cashner
pitched six strong innings and the
Baltimore Orioles snapped a five-
game losing streak, beating the
Yankees 5-2 on Thursday night in
the Bronx. Jones’ third homer of
the season was a two-run drive
off Masahiro Tanaka in a five-run
seventh inning. It came shortly
after Aaron Judge had given New
York a 1-0 lead in the sixth. Cash-
ner (1-1) held the Yankees to just
one hit before serving up Judge’s
home run. He allowed two hits
and struck out five as Baltimore
bounced back from a three-game
sweep at Houston. Brad Brach
pitched the ninth for his first save
of the season in two chances.
Tanaka (1-1) cruised during his
first six innings before the Orioles
chased him in the seventh. (AP)
RED SOX RALLY OVER RAYS Hanley
Ramirez blooped a bases-loaded
fly ball over the drawn-in outfield
in right to break a 12th-inning tie,
and the Boston Red Sox, who ral-
lied from a two-run deficit in the
ninth, beat the Tampa Bay Rays,
3-2. Bobby Poyner (1-0) pitched
two innings, striking out three bat-
ters for his first major league win.
Andrew Kittredge (0-2) threw two
scoreless innings before running
into trouble in the 12th. (AP)
Crabbe Lifts Nets
Allen Crabbe’s back-to-back
3-pointers broke a late tie as the
visiting Nets pulled away for a
119-111 victory over the Milwau-
kee Bucks. The Nets did much of
their damage from beyond the
arc, connecting on 19 of 39 3-point
attempts. Crabbe sank five
3-pointers and scored 25 points,
while D’Angelo Russell had 22
points, adding four 3-pointers.
Joe Harris contributed 17, the re-
serve Caris LeVert hit for 13, and
Rondae Hollis-Jefferson chipped
in 14 points.  (Reuters)
PACERS SWEEP WARRIORS Bojan
Bogdanovic had 28 points, Victor
Oladipo scored 14 of his 21 points
in the second half, and the play-
off-bound Indiana Pacers beat the
visiting Golden State Warriors,
126-106, for their first season
sweep of the Warriors since 2011-
12. Kevin Durant had 27 points,
but Golden State’s three-game
winning streak ended. (AP)