INSTRUMENT ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS BIODIESEL CONTAINED IN JARAK KEPYAR (Ricinus

communis, L.) BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY

(GC-MS)

CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES

GANESHA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION

SINGARAJA

2014
 ANALYSIS BIODIESEL CONTAINED IN JARAK KEPYAR (Ricinus
communis, L.) BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROMETRY

(GC-MS)

By:
Ni Putu Nia Repli Suandewi (1113031084)
Chemistry Education Department, Faculty of Mathematic and Sciences, Universitas
Pendidikan Ganesha, Singaraja

1. Objectives
a. Students are able understand analysis method by GC-MS.
b. Students are able to analysis data that obtained from GC-MS.
2. Introduction
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry is analysis method based on
chromatography by using detector of mass spectrometer. In GC–MS effluent from the
column is introduced directly into the mass spectrometer’s ionization chamber in a
manner that eliminates the majority of the carrier gas. In the ionization chamber all
molecules (remaining carrier gas, solvent, and solutes) are ionized, and the ions are
separated by their mass-to-charge ratio. Because each solute undergoes a characteristic
fragmentation into smaller ions, its mass spectrum of ion intensity as a function of mass-
to-charge ratio provides qualitative information that can be used to identify the solute
(Harvey, 2000).
Result of the analysis is in form of chromatogram and mass spectrum of a
compound. CG-MS analysis method is common used for determining composition of
chemical of sample such as composition of crude oil, composition of pesticide in fruits,
composition of cholesterol in vegetable oil and so on (Muderawan, 2009).
Composition of methyl ester in biodiesel which is made from vegetable oil through
transferification also can be determined by GC-MS. The purpose of this experiment is to
determine methyl ester contained in biodiesel of Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis, L.)
oil (Muderawan, 2009).
CH3
O H O
H C O C R1 H C OH R1 C O CH3
O NaOH O
H C OH +
+ 3CH3OH R2 C O
H C O C R2 CH3
H C OH
O O
H C OH
H C O C R3 R3 C O CH3
H
H
Trigliserida methanol glicerol ester
Figure 01.Transesterification reaction of JarakKepyar (Ricinuscommunis, L) oil

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3. Instrument
GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) Agilent 6980N.

4. Experimental
Methyl ester contain in biodiesel which is made from Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus
communis, L.) oil was analyzed by using GC-MS Agilent 6890N. Column that used was
HP5-MS with length 30 meters and ID 0.32 mm. Injector was set at temperature 260 oC
and volume sample that injected as amount 1.0 µL. Temperature of oven was set at 70oC
during five minutes. Carried gas is helium with rate cycle 1 mL/minutes. The detector
was MS (Mass Spectrophotometer).

5. Result and Discussion

Table 01. Result of Chromatogram Analysis Biodiesel Jarak Kepyar

No Compound Chemical Mr %
RT Area Formula (g/mol)

1 19.4 2.17 Methyl Hexadecanoate 2.17

2 21.54 8.61 Methyl 9,12-Octadecadienoate 8.61

3 21.63 7.65 Methyl 9-Octadecanoate 7.65

4 21.68 1.35 Methyl 11-Octadecanoate 1.35

5 21.84 2.11 Methyl Octadecanoate 2.11

6 23.38 77.57 Methyl 12-hydroxy-9-Octadecanoate 77.57

7 24.99 0.44 Methyl Eicosanoate 0.44

8 24.99 0.10 Not Identified 0.10

6. Conclusion
Based on the discussion above it can be concluded that;

7. References
Harvey, D. (2000). Modern Analytical Chemistry. North America: United States of
America.
Muderawan, I. W. (2009). Analisis Instrumen. Singaraja: Universitas Pendidikan
Ganesha Press.

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