General Certificate of Secondary Education

Higher Tier

English Literature 47104H

Unit 4 Approaching Shakespeare and the English
Literary Heritage H
SPECIMEN

Date line Time

For this paper you must have:

! a 12-page answer book.
! unannotated copies of the texts you have been
studying.

Time allowed
! 1 hour 15 minutes

Instructions
! Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
! Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Examining Body for this
paper is AQA. The Paper Reference is 47104H.
! Answer two questions.
! Answer one question from Section A. Answer one question from Section B.
! Write your answers in the answer book provided.
! Do all rough work in your answer book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
! You must not use a dictionary.

Information
! The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
! The maximum mark for this paper is 54.
! You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.

Advice
! You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on Section A and about 35 minutes on Section B.

M/47104H 47104H
 2

Section A: Shakespeare

Answer one question from this section on the play you have studied.
Answer parts (a) and (b).

You are advised to spend about 40 minutes on this section.

Macbeth

EITHER

Question 1

0 1 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare show Macbeth’s thoughts and feelings in the extract below?
(15 marks)

Part (b)

Explain how Shakespeare shows Macbeth having different thoughts and feelings in a
scene later in the play. (15 marks)

MACBETH:
If it were done, when tis done, then twere well
It were done quickly: if the assassination
Could trammel up the consequence, and catch
With his surcease success; that but this blow
Might be the be-all and the end-all – here
But here, upon this bank and shoal of time
We’d jump the life to come. But in these cases,
We still have judgement here; that we but teach
Bloody instructions, which, being taught, return
to plague th’inventor: this even-handed Justice
Commends th’ingredience of our poison’d chalice
To our own lips

M/47104H
 3

OR

Question 2

0 2 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare make the dialogue between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth
dramatic and tense in the extract below? (15 marks)

Part (b)

Show how Shakespeare uses dialogue to create a dramatic and tense moment in
another part of the play. (15 marks)

Lady Macbeth: Alack! I am afraid they have awak’d,

And tis not done: th’attempt and not the deed
Confounds us. – Hark! – I laid their daggers ready;
He could not miss’em Had he not resembled
My father as he slept, I had done’t. – My husband!
Macbeth: I have done the deed. Didst thoug not hear a noise?
Lady Macbeth: I heard the owl scream, and the crickets cry.
Did not you speak?
Macbeth: When?
Lady Macbeth: Now
Macbeth: As I descended?
Lady Macbeth: Ay.
Macbeth: Hark! Who lies in the second chamber?
Lady Macbeth: Donalbain.
Macbeth: This is a sorry sight
Lady Macbeth: A foolish thought to say a sorry sight.

Turn over for the next question

Turn over!
M/47104H
 4

Much Ado About Nothing

EITHER

Question 3

0 3 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare convey Benedick’s thoughts and feelings in the passage below?
(15 marks)

Part (b)

Show how Shakespeare shows Benedick experiencing different thoughts and feelings in
a passage from elsewhere in the play. (15 marks)

BENEDICK: This can be no trick: the conference was sadly borne; they have the
truth of this from Hero. They seem to pity the lady: it seems her affections have their
full bent. Love me? Why, it must be requited. I hear how I am censured: they say I will
bear myself proudly, if I perceive the love come from here: they say too that she will
rather die than give any sign of affection. I did never think to marry: I must not seem
proud: happy are they that can hear their detractions and can put them to mending.
They say the lady is fair – tis a truth, I can bear them witness; and virtuous – tis so, I
cannot reprove it; and wise, but for loving me – by my troth, it is no addition to her wit,
nor no great argument of her folly, for I will be horribly in love with her. I may chance
to have some odd quirks and remnants of wit broken on me because I have railed
so long against marriage: but doth not the appetite alter? A man loves the meat in
his youth that he cannot endure in his old age. Shall quips and sentences and these
paper bullets of the brain awe a man from the career of his humour? No, the world
must be peopled. When I said I would die a bachelor, I did not think I should live till I
married. Here comes Beatrice. By this day, she’s a fine lady! I do spy some marks of
love upon her.

M/47104H
 5

OR

Question 4

0 4 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does the extract from the scene below sustain an audience’s interest and affect its
feelings about any two of the characters in it? (15 marks)

Part (b)

How does Shakespeare show Benedick or Claudio in a different way at another point in
the play? (15 marks)

FRIAR FRANCIS: Lady, you come hither to be married to this count.

HERO: I do.
FRIAR FRANCIS: If either of you know any inward impediment why you
should not be conjoined, charge you, on your souls,
to utter it.
CLAUDIO: Know you any, Hero?
HERO: None, my lord.
FRIAR FRANCIS: Know you any, count?
LEONATO: I dare make his answer, none.
CLAUDIO: O, what men dare do! what men may do! what men daily
do, not knowing what they do!
BENEDICK: How now! interjections? Why, then, some be of
laughing, as, ah, ha, he!
CLAUDIO: Stand thee by, friar. Father, by your leave:
Will you with free and unconstrained soul
Give me this maid, your daughter?
LEONATO: As freely, son, as God did give her me.
CLAUDIO: And what have I to give you back, whose worth
May counterpoise this rich and precious gift?
DON PEDRO: Nothing, unless you render her again.
CLAUDIO: Sweet prince, you learn me noble thankfulness.
There, Leonato, take her back again:
Give not this rotten orange to your friend;
She’s but the sign and semblance of her honour.
Behold how like a maid she blushes here!
O, what authority and show of truth
Can cunning sin cover itself withal!
Comes not that blood as modest evidence
To witness simple virtue? Would you not swear,
All you that see her, that she were a maid,
By these exterior shows? But she is none:
She knows the heat of a luxurious bed;
Her blush is guiltiness, not modesty.
LEONATO: What do you mean, my lord?
CLAUDIO: Not to be married,
Not to knit my soul to an approved wanton.
Turn over!
M/47104H
 6

Romeo and Juliet

EITHER

Question 5

0 5 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare present the feelings and the relationship between Romeo and
Juliet in this extract from Act 1 scene v? (15 marks)

Part (b)

How does Shakespeare portray different aspects of Romeo and Juliet’s relationship,
character and mood at another point in the play? (15 marks)

ROMEO: [To JULIET] If I profane with my unworthiest hand

This holy shrine, the gentle fine is this:
My lips, two blushing pilgrims, ready stand
To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.
JULIET: Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much,
Which mannerly devotion shows in this;
For saints have hands that pilgrims’ hands do touch,
And palm to palm is holy palmers’ kiss.
ROMEO: Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too?
JULIET: Ay, pilgrim, lips that they must use in prayer.
ROMEO: O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do;
They pray, grant thou, lest faith turn to despair.
JULIET: Saints do not move, though grant for prayers’ sake.
ROMEO: Then move not, while my prayer’s effect I take.
Thus from my lips, by yours, my sin is purged.
JULIET: Then have my lips the sin that they have took.
ROMEO: Sin from thy lips? O trespass sweetly urged!
Give me my sin again.
JULIET: You kiss by the book.

M/47104H
 7

OR

Question 6

0 6 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

What does the following extract from scene 1 contribute to the plot and the themes of the
play? (15 marks)

Part (b)

Explain how Shakespeare develops the plot and theme of this scene in another scene
later in the play. (15 marks)

SAMPSON: Let us take the law of our sides; let them begin.
GREGORY: I will frown as I pass by, and let them take it as
they list.
SAMPSON: Nay, as they dare. I will bite my thumb at them;
which is a disgrace to them, if they bear it.
[Enter ABRAHAM and BALTHASAR]
ABRAHAM: Do you bite your thumb at us, sir?
SAMPSON: I do bite my thumb, sir.
ABRAHAM: Do you bite your thumb at us, sir?
SAMPSON: [Aside to GREGORY] Is the law of our side, if I say
ay?
GREGORY: No.
SAMPSON: No, sir, I do not bite my thumb at you, sir, but I
bite my thumb, sir.
GREGORY: Do you quarrel, sir?
ABRAHAM: Quarrel sir! no, sir.
SAMPSON: If you do, sir, I am for you: I serve as good a man as you.
ABRAHAM: No better.
SAMPSON: Well, sir.
GREGORY: Say ‘better:’ here comes one of my master’s kinsmen.
SAMPSON: Yes, better, sir.
ABRAHAM: You lie.
SAMPSON: Draw, if you be men. Gregory, remember thy swashing blow.
[They fight]
[Enter BENVOLIO]
BENVOLIO: Part, fools!
Put up your swords; you know not what you do.

Turn over!
M/47104H
 8

Twelfth Night

EITHER

Question 7

0 7 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare create a contrast in mood and character in this extract from
Act 1 scene iii of Twelfth Night? (15 marks)

Part (b)

Show how Shakespeare presents another aspect of Malvolio’s character in a later scene
in the play. (15 marks)

MARIA: What a caterwauling do you keep here! If my lady

have not called up her steward Malvolio and bid him
turn you out of doors, never trust me.
SIR TOBY BELCH: My lady’s a Cataian, we are politicians, Malvolio’s
a Peg-a-Ramsey, and ‘Three merry men be we.’ Am not
I consanguineous? am I not of her blood?
Tillyvally. Lady!
[Sings]
‘There dwelt a man in Babylon, lady, lady!’
CLOWN: Beshrew me, the knight’s in admirable fooling.
SIR ANDREW: Ay, he does well enough if he be disposed, and so do
I too: he does it with a better grace, but I do it
more natural.
SIR TOBY BELCH: [Sings] ‘O, the twelfth day of December,’–
MARIA: For the love o’ God, peace!
[Enter MALVOLIO]
MALVOLIO: My masters, are you mad? or what are you? Have ye
no wit, manners, nor honesty, but to gabble like
tinkers at this time of night? Do ye make an
alehouse of my lady’s house, that ye squeak out your
coziers’ catches without any mitigation or remorse
of voice? Is there no respect of place, persons, nor
time in you?
SIR TOBY BELCH: We did keep time, sir, in our catches. Sneck up!
MALVOLIO: Sir Toby, I must be round with you. My lady bade me
tell you, that, though she harbours you as her
kinsman, she’s nothing allied to your disorders. If
you can separate yourself and your misdemeanors, you
are welcome to the house; if not, an it would please
you to take leave of her, she is very willing to bid
you farewell.

M/47104H
 9

OR

Question 8

0 8 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare use irony to amuse the audience and create interest in the
development of the plot in the extract below from Act 1 scene v? (15 marks)

Part (b)

Explain how Shakespeare develops the relationship between Olivia and Viola to amuse
and interest the audience in a later part of the play. (15 marks)

OLIVIA: You might do much.

What is your parentage?
VIOLA: Above my fortunes, yet my state is well:
I am a gentleman.
OLIVIA: Get you to your lord;
I cannot love him: let him send no more;
Unless, perchance, you come to me again,
To tell me how he takes it. Fare you well:
I thank you for your pains: spend this for me.
VIOLA: I am no fee’d post, lady; keep your purse:
My master, not myself, lacks recompense.
Love make his heart of flint that you shall love;
And let your fervor, like my master’s, be
Placed in contempt! Farewell, fair cruelty.
[Exit]
OLIVIA: ‘What is your parentage?’
‘Above my fortunes, yet my state is well:
I am a gentleman.’ I’ll be sworn thou art;
Thy tongue, thy face, thy limbs, actions and spirit,
Do give thee five-fold blazon: not too fast:
soft, soft!
Unless the master were the man. How now!
Even so quickly may one catch the plague?
Methinks I feel this youth’s perfections
With an invisible and subtle stealth
To creep in at mine eyes. Well, let it be.
What ho, Malvolio!

Turn over!
M/47104H
 10

Julius Caesar

EITHER

Question 9

0 9 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare show Caesar’s thoughts and feelings about himself in the
extract below? (15 marks)

Part (b)

How is Caesar shown differently, by himself or others, in another part of the play?
(15 marks)

CASSIUS
Pardon, Caesar; Caesar, pardon;
As Low as to thy foot doth Cassius fall,
To beg enfranchisement for Publius Cimber.
CAESAR
I could be well moved, if I were as you:
If I could pray to move, prayers would move me:
But I am constant as the northern star,
Of whose true-fix’d and resting quality
There is no fellow in the firmament.
The skies are painted with unnumber’d sparks,
They are all fie and every one doth shine,
But there’s but one in all doth hold his place:
So in the world; ‘tis furnish’d well with men,
And men are flesh and blood, and apprehensive;
Yet in the number I do know but one
That unassailable holds on his rank,
Unshaked of motion: and that I am he,
Let me a little show it, even in this;
That I was constant Cimber should be banish’d
And constant do remain to keep him so.
CINNA
O Caesar,–
CAESAR
Hence! wilt thou lift up Olympus?

M/47104H
 11

OR

Question 10

1 0 Answer both parts (a) and (b).

Part (a)

How does Shakespeare make Antony’s speech effective in the extract below? (15 marks)

Part (b)

How does Shakespeare make another speech effective elsewhere in the play?
(15 marks)

ANTONY
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears;
I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.
The evil that men do lives after them;
The good is oft interred with their bones,
So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus
Hath told you Caesar was ambitious:
If it were so, it was a grievous fault,
And grievously hath Caesar answered it
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest–
For Brutus is an honourable man;
So are they all; all honourable men–
Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
He hath brought many captives home to Rome
Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill:
Did this in Caesar seem ambitious?
When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept:
Ambition should be made of sterner stuff:
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honourable man.
You all did see that on the Lupercal
I thrice presented him a kingly crown,
Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition?
Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;
And, sure, he is an honourable man.
I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke,
But here I am to speak what I do know.
You all did love him once, not without cause:
What cause withholds you then to mourn for him?
O judgement! thou art fled to brutish beasts,
And men have lost their reason…. Bear with me;
My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,
And I must pause till it come back to me.
Turn over!
M/47104H
 12

Section B: Prose from the English Literary Heritage

Answer one question on the novel or story collection you have studied.
You are advised to spend about 35 minutes on this section.

Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice

EITHER

Question 11

1 1 How is the character of Mr Darcy presented as sometimes proud and sometimes caring
in different parts of the novel?

Remember to write about the society he lives in. (24 marks)

OR

Question 12

1 2 Referring to the relationship between Mr and Mrs Bennett and between Mr Collins and
Charlotte Lucas, what positive and negative aspects of marriage does Jane Austen
present in the novel?

Remember to write about the society they live in. (24 marks)

Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights

EITHER

Question 13

1 3 Show how Bronte uses speech to bring out the different personalities of two of the
following characters: Nellie Dean; Joseph; Linton; Lockwood; Heathcliff.

Remember to write about the society he lives in. (24 marks)

OR

Question 14

1 4 How are differences in social class presented as an influence on people’s lives in the
novel?

Remember to write about the society they live in. (24 marks)

M/47104H
 13

Charles Dickens: Great Expectations

EITHER

Question 15

1 5 Referring to two different chapters in the novel, show how Dickens makes the reader
feel differently about Pip’s attitudes and behaviour.

Remember to write about the society he lives in. (24 marks)

OR

Question 16

1 6 What does the theme of justice contribute to the interest of the novel?

Remember to write about the society Dickens describes. (24 marks)

Thomas Hardy: Hardy short stories

EITHER

Question 17

1 7 Referring in detail to Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver and one other story, show how
Hardy presents a humorous insight into relationships between men and women.

Remember to write about the society they live in. (24 marks)

OR

Question 18

1 8 What do you consider to be Hardy’s strengths as a writer of stories about people and
events in the Dorset countryside?

Remember to write about the society Hardy describes. (24 marks)

Turn over for the next question

Turn over!
M/47104H
 14

George Orwell: Animal Farm

EITHER

Question 19

1 9 How does Orwell make you feel differently about the attitudes and behaviour of pigs in
two different chapters of the novel?

Remember to write about the society in which the stories are set. (24 marks)

OR

Question 20

2 0 How does Orwell use the fable form to explore ideas about power in Animal Farm?

Remember to write about the society in which the stories are set. (24 marks)

END OF QUESTIONS

M/47104H
 15

There are no questions printed on this page

M/47104H
 16

There are no questions printed on this page

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT-HOLDERS AND PUBLISHERS

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Macbeth, Edited by REX GIBSON, Cambridge University Press © 2005
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Much ado about Nothing
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Romeo and Juliet, Wordsworth Editions Limited © 2000
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Twelfth Night
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, Julius Caesar

Copyright © 2009 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.

M/47104H