ACTIVITY 1

A. Read the text carefully then answer the questions below!

Diesel Engine

Diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses light oil fuel for its

work. This type of engine looks like a gasoline one, but the principle of its work is

slightly different. First of all the air is introduced into combustion chamber, where it is

heated with the help of high pressure. When the air is hot, fuel is introduced into this

chamber and it burns. While the fuel is burning the engine fulfils its operation. The

most obvious advantage of this engine over other types of internal combustion

engines is its economic consumption of fuel, what makes its more preferable for

prudent drivers. Nevertheless, because of its little consumption of fuel, the engine is

less powerful than, for example, a gasoline engine. On the other hand, automobiles

equipped with diesel engines are easier for control and they react to their driver’s

actions rapidly.

The history of invention of the diesel engine is quite long and it dates back to

the 19th century, when the first ideas about the invention of an economic engine

appeared in the minds of the prominent engineers of that time. Rudolf Diesel was the

first engineer who managed to offer his own concept of an economic internal

combustion engine and he obtained a patent in 1892. In the run of time, the

technology of this engine has been improved and very soon diesel engines have

become introduced in heavy transport, like trucks, ships, trains, etc. It was evident that

cheap fuel and effectiveness of the engine’s structure can be used for the
 improvement of the quality of public transport and the quality and price of

transportation of big amounts of cargo.

1. What is diesel engine?

___________________________________________________________________

2. What are the advantages of using diesel engine?

___________________________________________________________________

3. What is the difference between diesel engine and gasoline engine?

____________________________________________________________________

4. Who invented diesel engine?

____________________________________________________________________

5. How can diesel machine be used for the improvement of the quality of public

transport and the quality and price of transportation of big amounts of cargo.

___________________________________________________________________

B. Translate the following sentences into Indonesian!

No Sentence(s) Your translation

1 Diesel engine is an internal combustion engine

that uses light oil fuel for its work. This type of

engine looks like a gasoline one, but the principle

of its work is slightly different. First of all the air is

introduced into combustion chamber, where it is

 heated with the help of high pressure. When the

air is hot, fuel is introduced into this chamber and

it burns. While the fuel is burning the engine

fulfils its operation.

2 The most obvious advantage of this engine

over other types of internal combustion engines

is its economic consumption of fuel, what makes

its more preferable for prudent drivers.

Nevertheless, because of its little consumption of

fuel, the engine is less powerful than, for

example, a gasoline engine. On the other hand,

automobiles equipped with diesel engines are

easier for control and they react to their driver’s

actions rapidly.
3 The history of invention of the diesel engine is

quite long and it dates back to the 19th century,

when the first ideas about the invention of an

economic engine appeared in the minds of the

prominent engineers of that time.

4 Rudolf Diesel was the first engineer who

managed to offer his own concept of an

economic internal combustion engine and he

obtained a patent in 1892.

5 In the run of time, the technology of this

engine has been improved and very soon diesel

 engines have become introduced in heavy

transport, like trucks, ships, trains, etc. It was

evident that cheap fuel and effectiveness of the

engine’s structure can be used for the

improvement of the quality of public transport

and the quality and price of transportation of big

amounts of cargo.

ACTIVITY 2
SIMPLE SENTENCE

A sentence is a word group. A simple sentence expresses a complete thought. Notice

that there are some important requirements for a simple sentence:

1. Must have a subject and a verb.

2. Must only have one clause.

3. The form of the subject and verb can be varied.

The table below shows some examples of simple sentence:

SUBJECT PREDICATE
Children sleep
Mary and Samantha took the bus to school
 People walked
The baby eats the cookies
Her daughter is beautiful
He goes to office
The students do the test

From the examples in the table above, it can be seen that the subject and the

predicate can be in the form of single word or group words.

Task 1
Identify the subject in these simple sentences!

1. My car stalled three times last week.

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1. The lake has been polluted by several neighbouring streams.

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3. The game ended early.

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4. Lola and Tony drove home

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5. The wind and water dried my hair.
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6. Cool, deep, dark blue water flowed through the rough limestone rocks in

the gorge.

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7. The lawn mower smoked and sputtered.

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8. Manny, Moe, and Jack lubricated my car.

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9. The mechanics cleaned the spark plugs.
 ________________________________________________________________

10. The diesel truck chugged up the hill.

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Task 2

In each of the following sentences, draw one line under the subject and two lines under

the verb.

1. I drink a cup of coffee every morning.

1. It spewed out black smoke.
2. Sally failed the test.
3. The television movie starts at 9 pm.
4. Kerry borrowed a bucket of fresh strawberries from her garden.
5. He was sitting on a car fender.
6. An old newspaper tumbled down the dirty street.
7. They understand what I mean.
8. My mother decorated my room the way I wanted it.
9. The last section provides a number of practice units.

Task 3

Write 15 simple sentences using single noun, noun phrase and a pronoun as the subject.

1. _______________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________

4. _______________________________________________________________

5. _______________________________________________________________

6. _______________________________________________________________

7. _______________________________________________________________

8. _______________________________________________________________

9. _______________________________________________________________

10. _______________________________________________________________

11. _______________________________________________________________
12. _______________________________________________________________

13. _______________________________________________________________

14. _______________________________________________________________

15. _______________________________________________________________