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INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY
AND STATISTICS
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Introduction to
Probability & Statistics
• Statistics
A branch of science that deals with collection, processing
and analysis of data.
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Basic Statistical Problem
• Suppose one is interested in information on some
numerical characteristic of a big population.
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Example
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Issues Involved
• How to take sample so that it is a good
representative of the population under study?
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Descriptive Statistics
(deals with collection,
processing and organization
of data/sample
Statistics
Inferential Statistics
(deals with drawing inference
about the population based
on sample collected)
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Probability Theory
• Data (sample) generated from the population has randomness
yielding variability (e.g. data sets collected by different persons may
yield different estimates of the population mean).
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Example (Use of Probability Theory in developing Statistical
Inferential Procedure):
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New manufacturing process is acceptable (i.e., it produces
at most 5% defectives)
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Abstract of Next Module
• We saw that probability theory plays a vital
role in Statistics.
• In next module we will study the concept of
probability as a measure of uncertainty (or
certainty).
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Thank you for your patience
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